Sumatran orangutan is one of the key species of wildlife that live in the Besitang forest landscape. Conflicts between sumatran orangutans and humans often occur along with the narrowing of sumatran orangutan habitat. The importance of knowing the distribution of locations at risk of human-wildlife conflict is expected to be used as a reference in efforts to mitigate the occurrence of human-wildlife conflict. This study aimed to get information about the vulnerability distribution of human-sumatran orangutan conflict (HSOC) based on influenced factors in Besitang. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method is used to select and weight the factors that are thought to influence the distribution of HSOC. Overlay analysis of the factors influencing HSOC distribution is done using Geographic Information System (GIS). The results of the study showed that the vulnerability of HSOC could be divided into three classes namely, the highly vulnerable areas of conflict are 35,282.16 ha (21.66), medium vulnerable areas are 55,662.57 ha (34.17%) and not vulnerable areas are 71,960.85 ha (44.17%). This research will be helpful as an early warning system in HSOC mitigation efforts.