Polyester Staple Research Articles

Prevalence and determinants of respiratory problems among workers in El-Beheira Textile Companies

Textile industry workers are exposed to different hazards in the various sections of textile manufacturing. The major health problems associated with cotton dust are respiratory problems. Aims: this study was conducted to determine the prevalence and identify the determinants of respiratory health problems among textile workers in El–Beheira governorate. Design: A cross sectional descriptive study was adopted to carry out this study. The sample included 603 workers who were selected by proportional allocation technique from different departments and by systemic random sampling within the department. Data was collected using three tools (Textile companies' workers health profile, safety and health at work observational check list, Work place stress scale).Results: less than half (47.8%) of the workers had experience of 30 years or more (mean was 27.2 ± 6.6.). All workers reported that the personal protective equipment weren’t available. Moreover, all workers mentioned that there are no health education programs. The highest prevalence of respiratory problems found among spinning workers followed by dyeing workers, weaving workers, and polyester staple fiber. Conclusion, The significant prevalence and associated factors of respiratory problems should alert the factory, governmental and non-governmental organizations working on Occupational Health and Safety. Recommendations: Periodic inspection of working environment by industrial hygienist through regular measurement of cotton dust concentration.

Non-occlusive knitted linen for atopic dermatitis wearer

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the suitability of linen in garments for atopic dermatitis (AD) wearers.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 60 garments were tested with four boys (five to eight years old): two with AD and two healthy kids using circular knitting occlusive structure (OS) 28-gauge and non-occlusive structure (NOS) 12-gauge with cotton, polyester staple and linen yarns. Air and water vapor permeability fabric results were analyzed using ANOVA method and occlusive levels correlated with thickness and UPF rates. Skin irritation levels were evaluated with Patient-Oriented SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (PO-SCORAD) self-assessment tool and for body temperature measurements infrared cameras were used. The authors standardized hygiene products; laundry procedures and soaps were previously identified and measured for their pH and skin irritation history with wearers.FindingsLower skinbody temperature (−2.6°C-−2.8°C) and PO-SCORAD values (16.1-22.8) during use by AD volunteers suggest promoting both wear tolerance (WT) and NOS preference. Air permeability of 3,222 l/m2s with NOS knitted linen as at least 48 percent higher than tested fibers indicating AD volunteers preference during hot climate (24°C to 37°C and 54 to 69 percent RH). Control healthy volunteers were less sensitive to NOS (−1.3°C-−1.6°C) and hot feeling polyester was detected in use. UPF confirms open loops of NOS (NOS UPF 10-5 vs OS UPF 25-15). Thickness (0.6 to 1.0 mm) and RET values (3.1-3.8) were both without significance for this study.Research limitations/implicationsDue to the experimental character of this study with a reduced group of two AD volunteers, wear test conclusion is limited to these specific boys. Work extension aiming at broad AD wears statistics significance should consider more volunteers.Practical implicationsThe study provides specific answers to opening new possibilities for AD wear other than cotton or polyester, both fibers with more availability in the Brazilian garments retail industry that sometimes did not meet their routine needs. This study provides practical daily understanding of correlations of WT and air permeability level of NOS knitted applied to garments in direct contact with the skin in subtropical climates.Social implicationsBoth academically and socially, the results can contribute to increasing information related to textile process and practical knowledge of knits to better accomplish AD clothing in subtropical climates. The practical wear test results with AD volunteers also indicate guidelines to parents who were having trouble identifying base layers, fundamental textiles and options for their kids in search of possible relief and well being mainly on hot days.Originality/valueCircular knitting jersey linen study in direct contact with sensitive skin in a subtropical climate city like São Paulo is unique. The study also considered helping parents of a six-year-old AD boy in attendance to a doctor’s suggestion to find better options of clothings to be used during his daily routines.

The research of far infrared flame retardant polyester staple fiber

Far infrared flame retardant slices was prepared, fiber with far infrared flame retardant composite function was also prepared by the method of melt spinning. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the fibrous microscopic structure. In the SEM images, functional ultrafine powder particle size and distribution in the fiber were visible. The results show that the functional ultrafine powder is evenly distributed on the fibrous surface, which is closely combined with fiber, and the far infrared emissivity is F, which is more than (8 to 14 microns) 0.88. Far infrared flame retardant polyester fiber has not only good flame retardant, but also environmental health effect: releasing negative ions and launch far-infrared, which shows wide application prospect. The fiber was processed into far-infrared flame retardant electric blanket, whose functional indicators and flame retardant properties are not reduced.

Graphene/polyester staple composite for the removal of oils and organic solvents

Spongy graphene has been widely applied in oil removal. However, spongy graphene is hardly applicable for crude oil removal, because the complexity and high viscosity of crude oil. Herein, we reported that graphene/polyester staple composite (GPSC) could be used for the removal of oils and organic solvents, in particular crude oil. Graphene oxide was in situ reduced in the presence of polyester staple by hydrazine hydrate to form GPSC. GPSC efficiently adsorbed oils and organic solvents with high adsorption capacities. Demonstrations of treating pure oils and those in simulated sea water by GPSC were successfully performed. Due to the loose structure, GPSC adsorbed crude oil quickly with an adsorption capacity of 52 g g−1. During the regeneration, the adsorption capacity of GPSC retained around 78% of the initial capacity up to 9 cycles. The implication to the applications of GPSC in water remediation is discussed.

Situation in Russian Chemical Fibre Market

In 2014, chemical fibre demand and consumption in Russia stayed practically at the level of the preceding year. Production (capacity utilization factor 59%) and import rose respectively by 1.9 and 3.5%, export declined by 9.1%. Demand and consumption of viscose staple fibres grew respectively by 21.4 and 29.9% and their import, in consequence, shot up by 25.3%. Demand and consumption of polyester (PE) staple fibres increased a little and production, more noticeably (by 11.5%), import fell slightly and export, quite substantially (by 44.2%). Demand and consumption of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibres, primarily as tow procured mostly by import, went up by more than 40%. Progress in polypropylene (PP) staple fibre market was marked. Compared to 2013, demand, consumption, production, and import of polyamide (PA) textile yarns improved with forced reduction of their export by 17%. The results with regard to PE textile yarns were negative in 2014 when their demand, consumption, production, import, and export dropped by 16, 17, 40, 12, and 50%, respectively. On the contrary, demand and consumption of PP textile yarns rose steeply (by 68 and 79%, respectively). Rise of all indicators, except import, to the 3-5% level was noted for PA technical and cord yarns. Import of PE technical and cord yarns is continuing unabated. The year under report was a fiasco in the domestic market of PP film yarns that were being actively introduced into the national economy until recently. The problems of chemical fibre development in Russia are being solved for the most part pretentiously without definite involvement of power structures. The strategy until 2030, even in the case of its realization, is characterized by a twofold drop in the output of this product against the pre-restructuring level and continuation of import by no less than 40% of the total volume of their consumption.

Research on fabrication and water absorption properties of a novel textile based debridement material

Event Abstract Back to Event Research on fabrication and water absorption properties of a novel textile based debridement material Yijun Fu1, 2, Lu Wang1, 2 and Martin W. King1, 2, 3 1 Donghua University, College of Textiles, China 2 Donghua University, Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology, China 3 North Carolina State University, College of Textiles, United States Introduction: In the past nursing practice focused on the need for maintaining open chronic wounds in a dry condition. This was thought to reduce the incidence of infection and blood loss, and prevent the accumulation of exudate that would slow the rate of wound healing. However, in the 1960’s George Winter proposed a moist wound healing theory which totally revised the approach to wound management[1]. His experimental study found that a moist environment accelerates re-epithelialization, promotes granulation tissue formation, reduces scarring and is preferred for optimal healing. In the current study, a novel textile based debridement material has been designed and fabricated using pile knitting technology followed by a series of technical finishing. According to Winter’s moist theory, debridement materials should have good water absorption behavior so as to function efficiently. The main goal of this study was to investigate the water absorption properties of this new textile based debridement material. Materials and Methods: Prototypes of the textile based debridement material were knitted from polyester staple fiber and polyester draw textured yarn on a circular pile knitting machine, followed by back-coating, heat setting and cutting. Radio frequency plasma surface treatment was performed under different conditions, such as exposure time, power and gas type, to improve the wettability of the knitted materials. Then a capillary water absorption test[2] was carried out to check the extent to which hydrophilicity was induced by the plasma treatment. Results and Discussion: Generally, the water absorption capacity of the textile based debridement material increased after plasma treatment, which indicates that RF plasma treatment is an effective method to improve the wettability of textile based debridement material. The water absorption capacity of the textile based debridement material first rose and then fell with the incensement of exposure time to oxygen from 1 min to 5 mins (Fig. 1). While by increasing the power of plasma treatment, the water absorption capacity of the textile based debridement material reached the highest level at the power of 150W, then it decreased slightly and was kept at a steady level around 1800% (Fig. 2). The type of atmospheric gas, whether oxygen or helium influenced the waster absorption capacity as well (Fig. 3). Fig.1 Water absorption capacity before and after plasma treatment in oxygen at different exposure times. Fig.2 Water absorption capacity before and after plasma treatment in oxygen at different power levels. Fig.3 Water absorption capacity before and after plasma treatment in oxygen and helium at different exposure times. Conclusion: By evaluating the water absorption capacity of the textile based debridement material before and after different plasma treatment conditions, we have been able to demonstrate how to improve the water absorption capacity of the textile based debridement material. Further work will be required to establish a standard method to evaluate the dynamic water absorption phenomenon which will provide a better prediction of how the prototype of textile based debridement material function during clinical use. This work was supported by the Chinese Universities Scientific Fund (CUSF-DH-D-2014008) and the 111 project “Biomedical Textile Materials Science and Technology” (B07024). In addition, the State Scholarship Fund from the China Scholarship Council is gratefully acknowledged.

Preparation and Characterization of Polyester Staple Yarns Nanowrapped with Polysulfone Amide Fibers

In this study, a novel approach and the related electrospinning equipment were developed to fabricate a new type of polyester staple yarn wrapped with poly(sulfone amide) (PSA) fibers at the nanoscale. As the number of tubes of spinnerets, electrospinning voltage, and rotation speed of the funnel collector have effects on the structure and properties of the nanowrapped yarns, three series of wrapped yarns were prepared using the self-developed electrospinning and wrapping equipment; these wrapped yarns at the nanoscale were characterized systematically by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetry (TG), and infiltration evaluation. The three-dimensional electric field of the electrospinning system used for the nanowrapped yarn was simulated to model the electric fields of different electrospinning spinnerets. Our experimental results showed that the mechanical, thermal, and hygroscopicity properties of the nanowrapped yarns fabricated in this work were clearly improved obviously in comparison wi...

Thermal-electronic behaviors investigation of knitted heating fabrics based on silver plating compound yarns

In this paper, three kinds of knitted heating fabrics (KHFs) were designed and fabricated by using silver plating compound yarns (SPCYs) and polyester staple fiber spun yarns (PSFSYs), and thermo-electric properties of KHFs and SPCYs were investigated by performing a series of experiments. Experimental results showed, with increasing ageing time and ageing temperature, the breaking strength of PSFSYs and SPCYs had nearly not changed, but resistances of SPCYs increased markedly. After performing 264 hours ageing at 120℃ environment temperature, resistances of SPCYs exceeded the measuring range of the multi-meter. By taking and analyzing infrared temperature images of KHFs and SPCYs, strong linear correlation can be observed between surface maximum equilibrium temperature (SMET) of KHFs and SPCYs and power consumption density. Furthermore, strong linear positive correlation is between power consumption density of KHFs and inner equilibrium temperature of mimetic clothing. KHFs will have wide application prospect in active warming field because of a lot of advantages, such as an even surface temperature field in the heating process, structure simplicity, flexibility, etc.

Ultra-lightweight hybrid woven fabric containing stainless steel/polyester composite yarn for total EMI shielding in frequency range 8–18 GHz

This article describes the preparation of composite conductive yarn from stainless steel and polyester staple fibre with different fibre composition adopting worsted spinning system. The conducting yarn was successfully woven into variety of hybrid woven structures in the Picanol Gammax Rapier Loom. The aim of this research was to develop conducting yarn of different conductivity level (linear resistance 6–9 kΩ/m to 150–200 Ω/m) and subsequent conversion of yarn into ultra-lightweight woven fabric (~100 gsm) for providing electro-magnetic interference/radio frequency interference shielding effectiveness to the electronic equipment/devices. The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of these woven fabrics was evaluated in free space microwave measurement system in microwave frequency (8–18 GHz) for vertical and horizontal polarization of electromagnetic wave. EMSE of ~31 dB in single layer of fabric is achieved. The effect of various fabric parameters, i.e. yarn spacing, yarn density and weave structure, on behaviour of electromagnetic wave has also been studied.

Comprehensive Analysis of Quality Parameters of Synthetic Sewing Threads

The quality parameters of polyester staple sewing threads of various manufacturers are investigated at the branch research laboratory of the Natural and Chemical Fibres Department of the Vitebsk State Technological University, Belarus. It is shown that sewing threads of the Italian company Bravo-C No. 120 and the German company Gutermann Polar 120 have the best quality and are the most competitive amidst the investigated specimens. These polyester staple fibres are recommended to garment enterprises for sewing goods from loose-fitting garment and dress variety of fabrics and tricot.

Polyester Fibres in 2012

In 2012, the global polyester (PE) complex yarn and staple fibre production was 43.3 million tons, i.e., 7% higher than in the preceding year, with increased volumes of all major types of products. The increment was the highest in China, USA, Latin America, and Eastern Europe. The production continues to fall perceptibly in Western Europe, Japan, Taiwan, South Korea, and elsewhere. New parent feedstock capacities for PE fibre production are emerging essentially in the Asian region, mainly in China. PE fibre production and consumption in Russia remains extremely low, falling much below the global level on all counts. In spite of staple fibre output growth by 18%, the volumes and quality of this fibre are far from the optimal, and production of textile fibres is very low and of technical fibres is altogether absent. Because of this, import makes a weighty contribution (73%) to the consumption of all types of PE fibres. The outlook for their production growth in the country, judging by the strategy developed for the period until 2030, is so far bleak.

A study on the fabrication and functional properties of PET/rayon staple fiber products with ACC@Ag powders

In this study, the fabrication of nano-silver doped activated coir charcoal particles (ACC@Ag) was proposed using chemical reduction method. Certain amount of ACC@Ag was added into the spinning solution after de-foaming process to fabricate viscose rayon staple fibers using wet spinning method. The 1.25 denier × 38 mm viscose rayon/ACC@Ag staple fibers was then blended with 1.5 denier × 1.5 in. polyester staple fibers to fabricate PET/rayon/ACC@Ag with 50%/50% blending ratio and 30 s and 40 s linear density using ring spinning process. The blended yarns are expected to be used for the fiber products with anti-bacterial, warm retention, odor absorption and anti-static properties. This ring blended yarns were then used as the raw material to fabricate woven fabrics with anti-bacterial and anti-electrostatic properties which comply with JIS and AATCC standards. The influences of woven structures, fabric constitutions on the temperature difference, anti-bacterial, odor absorption and anti-electrostatic properties of woven fabrics were also investigated. Finally, the potential applications of the woven fabrics fabricated will also be proposed and suggested in this study.

Whiteness and absorbency of hydroentangled cotton-based nonwoven fabrics of different constituent fibers and fiber blends

The aim of this research is to develop greige (raw/non-bleached) cotton-containing nonwoven fabrics that likely would be competitive in quality, cost and performance to existing products that presently and predominantly use man-made fibers and some bleached cotton for wipes and other similar end-use nonwoven products. Since the whiteness and absorbency of these end-use products generally are the most desired and perhaps even critical attributes, the research was mainly focused on attaining these attributes by exploring various choices and optimum use of a variety of cost-effective cotton fibers and the blends thereof with other fibers. Nonwoven fabrics were produced, via a modern hydroentanglement system, with possible choices of using several types of cotton fibers, including the greige cotton lint and certain of its co-products such as gin motes and comber noils, and their various blends with polyester and nylon staple fibers. Bleached cotton was also used to produce an equivalent fabric for comparison. The research has shown that although the desired and perhaps critical properties of whiteness and absorbency of the selected fibers vary considerably among the various fabrics produced, the blends of greige cotton lint with man-made fibers can provide the fabric whiteness and absorbency comparable to those of say, a, bleached cotton fabric. The research results suggest that the greige cotton lint and/or its co-products in blend with polyester fiber may be sensible approaches to the development of functionally acceptable nonwoven wiping products that are also environment friendly.

Four Layers Weaved once Structure Design and Conduction Pressure Testing Analysis for Fabric Switch

In order to overcome these shortcomings, the project is aim to design a structure similar to the traditional keyboard. The experiment using polyester staple fiber, sizing process after the polyester staple, polyester filament, sizing of polyester filament, stiffing agent treatment of polyester filament to weave. To compared the performance by the measurement of conduction pressure. It is concluded that with stiffing agent treatment of polyester filament is the best material for weaving fabric switches.

Influence of carding and drawing processes on orientation of fibers in slivers

The orientation of fibers is known to play a very important role in determining the quality of the carded and drawn slivers as well as the quality of the ultimate yarns produced from those slivers. Also, the orientation of fibers is considered to be a very useful parameter for evaluating the effectiveness of the carding and drawing processes in aligning the fibers. In addition, the orientation of fibers is known to determine the length utilization of the fibers in the slivers. This article reports on the influence of carding and drawing processes on the orientation of fibers in the carded and drawn slivers. A series of carded and drawn slivers were prepared by using polyester staple fibers and making various changes in the carding and drawing processes and the orientation of fibers in the slivers was evaluated based on Lindsley’s methodology in conjunction with a mathematical model of fiber orientation in slivers. It was observed that the increase in cylinder speed and the decrease in doffer speed resulted in more anisotropic fiber orientation distribution in the carded slivers and the degree of anisotropy was found to be more in the forward direction as compared to the backward direction of the carded slivers. The higher draft and doubling in the drawframe resulted in higher anisotropy in the orientation of fibers in the drawn slivers and the drawn slivers displayed more anisotropy in the backward direction as compared to the forward direction. The higher delivery speed of the drawframe resulted in higher anisotropy in fiber orientation in the drawn slivers and the drawn slivers exhibited more anisotropy in the backward direction as compared to the forward direction. The results of fiber orientation in the carded and drawn slivers obtained by using the mathematical model were compared to the fiber orientation parameters suggested by earlier researchers and a satisfactory correlation between them was observed.

Deodorizing Properties of Photocatalyst Textiles and Its Effect Analysis

Abstract In this paper, yarns of photocatalyst modified polyester staple fiber, cotton and blended yarn of bamboo fiber and photocatalyst modified polyester were selected. Series of woven fabric were manufactured.The photocatalyst fiber contents of woven fabrics were changed from 0% to 100% with 20% gap, that is 0%,40%,60%,80% and 100%. The deodorant performance of these fabrics were tested and analyzed, it can be concluded that when the content of the photocatalyst is 80% or 100%, the fabrics owns better deodorant; when the photocatalyst content in fabric is 40% or 60%, it has the deodorantion properties but the effect was not good. It can be shown from this experimental study that the deodorizing fabrics can be considered to develop if only the content of photocatalyst is above the 80%.

Quantification of bacterial adherence on different textile fabrics

This research studied the adherent behaviour of gram-negative Escherichia coli on different weft knitted textile fabrics made of cotton, polyester filaments and polyester (staple)-cotton blended yarn. We compared the bacterial adherence of 18-h-old E. coli cells on all the three types of fabrics under the same experimental conditions. The maximum adherence was found in cotton, followed by the polyester blend; the least adherence was in polyester fabrics. Scanning electron micrographs showed that surface morphology of fabrics also plays an important role during adherence. Cotton fabric, with a rough surface, attracted more bacterial cells compared to the smooth polyester surface. Comparing the FTIR spectra of different fabrics and E. coli it was found that both cotton and E. coli have abundant free hydroxyl groups that may interact strongly with each other and with other hydrophilic groups such as carboxyl, phosphate, and amides. This may be one of the reasons for the greater adherence on cotton as compared to hydrophobic polyester fabric. Finally, the effect of bacterial adherence on loss of strength in different fabrics was analysed. It was found that the maximum decrease in strength occurred in cotton fabrics and the least in polyester fabrics. The present study suggests a procedure for quantifying bacterial adherence on different textile fabrics. This technique can be used with different bacterial strains and varieties of fabrics for quantifying the adherent bacterial cells, and would be of great use in developing and comparing different antimicrobial finished products of the textile industry.

Study on Polyester Fabric Anti-Static Treated by Polyaniline

The utilized field of polyester fabric was limited because the static can be produced easily when it was used. In this paper, the anti-static treating crafts of polyester staple fabric treated by polyaniline were probed. The raw fabric material was weaved with polyester staple yarn and the aniline was selected as anti-static reagent. The process of aniline polymerizing was analyzed and discussed. The anti-static characteristic of the finished fabric was analyzed. With systemic experimental and data analysis, the integrate process of the fabric anti-static finished by polyaniline was achieved. The result shows that the property of anti-static can be obtained if the polyester staple fabric was treated by polyaniline at the advisable processes. And the polyester fabric can be sued in widely field.

Processing Technique of Fiber-Based Composite Sound Absorbent/Thermal-Insulating Board

The rapid advances in technology have driven people for seeking ways to improve the quality of their living environment. While excessive noise is more likely to affect people physically and psychologically such as tiredness, dulling of the senses, lack of concentration, and reduction in work efficiency, etc, therefore, noise suppression has become an important research issue. In this research, 7 D polyester staple fiber and 4 D low melting point fiber have been used to fabricate the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabric through the process of opening, blending, carding lining, lapping, and needle-punching. Meanwhile, the contents of low-melting point polyester fiber are varied as 10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt%, 40 wt% and 50 wt% in PET fabric. The physical properties of PET fabrics are then evaluated after hot pressing process. Experimental results show that 50 wt% low-melting point polyester fiber is the best choice for PET fabric. Further, the techniques of lamination and multiple needle-punching are employed to make the PET/PP composite sound-absorbing board. A layer of polypropylene (PP) nonwoven selvages is placed between two layers of PET fabrics in the process of lamination. The PET/PP fibers casted into a mold are then put into a hot-air circulation oven around 170 °C for 10 minutes. Afterwards, the evaluation of PET/PP composite sound-absorbing board on sound absorption, flame resistance, thermal insulation, and relative mechanical properties is properly conducted.

Manufacturing Technique of Stab-Resistant Laminated Composite Nonwoven Fabrics

In this study, the nonwoven composites were made of high strength nylon 6 staples and low-melting-point polyester staples using needle-punching and thermal-bonding. By tensile strength test and constant-rate stab resistance test, the optimum parameters of the composites were obtained for developing and designing the stab-resistant nonwoven composites. The optimum experimental conditions for the nonwoven composites were as follows: the temperature for thermal-bonding was 150 °C; and the wheel speed of thermal compression was 0.5 m/min.