Polyferric Chloride Research Articles

Effects of Ferric Salt of Different Forms on Phosphorus Removal

<p>This paper has studied phosphorus removal effects of ferric chloride (ionic state), polyferric chloride (polymer state) and ferric hydroxide (gel state) on the effluent of a municipal sewage treatment plant. The total phosphorus (TP) in the effluent was 1.74 mg·L-1. Results showed that ferric chloride was the best phosphorus remover among the three forms of ferric salt coagulants. With a dosage of 40 mg·L-1, its phosphorus removal rate could reach 90% and TP in the treated wastewater was reduced to less than 0.17 mg·L-1. After the treatment, the effluent quality met the first level A criteria in the Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant (GB18918-2002). At the same doage of 40 mg·L-1, the phosphorus removal rates of polyferric chloride and ferric hydroxide were 62% and 59%, respectively, lower than the rate of ferric chloride.</p>

The effectiveness of activated silica derived from rice husk in coagulation process compared with inorganic coagulants for wastewater treatment

Five novels of poly inorganic coagulants were prepared: hydrolyzed poly aluminum chloride (PACl), hydrolyzed poly ferric chloride (PFeCl), poly aluminum hydroxy sulfate (PAHS), hydrolyzed poly aluminum ferric chloride (PAlFeCl) and hydrolyzed poly aluminum ferric chloride plus silicate (PAlFeCl + Si). Each of them was characterized using FTIR, NFTIR and XRD. The samples were compared with the conventional Alum and the commercial PAĆ. Implementations were carried out for the removal of some pollutants from the ground and sewage water. The topmost removal percentages of TSS, COD and BOD in sewage wastewater reached 92%, 88%, and 85%, respectively; using PAlFeCl. Whereas the ultimate removal percentages of Fe+2, Mn+2, TSS, COD and BOD were 99.7%, 99%, 92.0%, 89.0%, 91.0%%, respectively by PAlFeCl + Si. Therefore, PAlFeCl + Si is the superior poly inorganic coagulant, the co-polymer of aluminum and iron coagulants impregnated with silica is considered as a good one for sewage water treatment due to its reasonable price and good efficacy in this application, as well as it will solve the problem of water shortage and it could contribute as non-conventional water resources.

人造金红石母液制备含铝聚合氯化铁研究

人造金红石母液制备含铝聚合氯化铁研究

Co-effects of epichlorohydrin-dimethylamine and polyferric on humic acid elimination and membrane resistance in hybrid process

The effective coagulation aid epichlorohydrin-dimethylamine was synthesized, its co-effect with three ferric iron species in polyferric chloride on humic acid elimination and membrane pollution in coagulation-ultrafiltration hybrid technique were appraised to improve the hybrid water treatment technology and generate cleaner water production by this research. To be specific, dosages of polyferric chlorides 2 and polyferric chlorides&epichlorohydrin-dimethylamine were adjusted according to their coagulation performance in jar tests. Furthermore, properties of generated flocs such as floc size (median particle diameter), strength/recovery factor and fractal dimension feature were monitored and combined with results of membrane fouling resistance under various shear forces to understand the mechanism of membrane fouling. Results indicated that epichlorohydrin-dimethylamine can observably enhance the coagulation performance of all polyferric chlorides, especially at low dosage of 4 mg/L. The higher the epichlorohydrin-dimethylamine dosage, the higher removal efficiencies achieved. In particular, for polyferric chloride with basicity of 1.5, the removal efficiency for dissolved organic carbon raised approximately from 15% to 32% as epichlorohydrin-dimethylamine dosage increased from zero to 1.5 mg/L. Meanwhile, for ultra-membrane 3 applied in this study, addition of the epichlorohydrin-dimethylamine also significantly reduced the total membrane fouling resistance of all coagulated water samples by forming cake layer of low compactness and reducing residual micro-particles, 4 even when shearing forces was introduced. Thereinto, the total membrane fouling resistance reduction of polyferric chloride with basicity of 1.5 was the most obvious, which dropped from 2.8 × 10 8 m −1 to 2.3 × 10 8 m −1 , approximately. • Epichlorohydrin-dimethylamine was beneficial to form large floc. • External fouling resistance dominated membrane fouling resistance. • High floc recovery ability was crucial for membrane fouling reduction. • Residual micro-particles determines internal fouling resistance.

Effectiveness of synthesized aluminum and iron based inorganic polymer coagulants for pulping wastewater treatment

Three inorganic polymer coagulants, namely, polyaluminum chloride (PAC), polyferric chloride (PFC) and polyaluminum ferric chloride (PAFC) were synthesized and tested for the treatment of simulated pulping wastewater. PAC exhibited the best performance for organics removal from the wastewater among all coagulants. PACs with basicity 2.0–2.7 were synthesized using three basification reagents (Na2CO3, NaOH and CaO) at ambient as well as elevated temperature. The desirable reactive polymeric content (Alb) were found highest in PACs (basicity = 2 and 2.5) using CaO. The synthesized PAC samples were stable for at least a period of 70 days. Among all the coagulants, PAC synthesized with CaO as basification agent (i.e., PAC2o; basicity = 2) showed similar organics removal as that obtained with aluminum salts. Low dissolved Al concentration in wastewater, good settling characteristics (with sufloc), low cake resistance during filtration and significantly improved biodegradability were the major benefits with the synthesized PAC2o.

Synergistic coagulation of bauxite residue-based polyaluminum ferric chloride for dyeing wastewater treatment

Considering that Fe, Al elements in bauxite residue are active components for water purification, an effective polyaluminum ferric chloride (PAFC) coagulant derived from bauxite residue, with Fe2O3 content > 5.1%, Al2O3 % > 6.5%, basicity > 65%, was successfully prepared. The effect of as-prepared PAFC on the zeta potential for printing and dyeing wastewater was investigated. Comparing with polyferric chloride (PFC) and polyferric sulfate (PFS) for printing and dyeing wastewater treatment, prepared bauxite residue-based PAFC exhibited the optimal performance in the aspects of chromaticity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate. Furthermore, the combination of bauxite residue-based PAFC and PFS for synergy coagulation of such wastewater demonstrated an obvious positive effect. With the proportion between as-prepared PAFC and PFS to be 2.5:1, the COD of treated wastewater could be further reduced to meet the national level A standard of China, providing a promising route to solve the problem of substandard printing and dyeing sewage outfall by a simple coagulation strategy.

Enhanced coagulation process by Fe-Mn bimetal nano-oxides in combination with inorganic polymer coagulants for improving As(V) removal from contaminated water

This study investigated the efficient removal of As(V) from contaminated water using enhanced coagulation by Fe-Mn bimetal nano-oxides in combination with poly-ferric chloride (PFC) and poly-aluminum chloride (PAC). The effects of coagulant dose, initial pH, initial As(V) concentration, Fe-Mn nano-oxide dose and flocs properties were investigated. The results showed that the combination of coagulants and nano-oxides significantly increased the As(V) removal efficiency in the optimal coagulants doses (25 mg/L). The As(V) removal efficiencies for PAC and PFC were 82.93% and 88.22% and for PFC + Fe-Mn and PAC + Fe-Mn were increased to 96.83% and 98.26%, respectively. The residual As(V) concentration was decreased to ˂10 μg/L in the presence of Fe-Mn nano-oxides. The best removal efficiencies for PAC + Fe-Mn and PFC + Fe-Mn were in pH 7 and 9, respectively. Based on FESEM - EDX analysis, the combined floc formation by coagulants - nano-oxides and the existence of Fe, Mn and As elements in the precipitated flocs was confirmed, and the PFC + Fe-Mn flocs were more uniform and bigger than PAC + Fe-Mn flocs. Total Fe and Al residual concentrations in optimum dose of PAC + Fe-Mn and PFC + Fe-Mn were 0.15 and 0.25 mg/L and Cl− residue concentrations were 6.87 and 4.72 mg/L, respectively. Therefore, the combination of Fe-Mn bimetal nano-oxides with PFC and PAC coagulants can be a suitable option to improve the removal of As(V) from the contaminated water resources.

Insight into removal of dissolved organic matter in post pharmaceutical wastewater by coagulation-UV/H2O2.

The removal of four dissolved organic matter (DOM) fractions, non-acid hydrophobics, hydrophobic acids, hydrophilics and transphilics, was achieved by coagulation-UV/H2O2 oxidation in post-pharmaceutical wastewater (PhWW). Coagulation with Polyferric chloride (PFC), Polymeric ferric sulfate (PFS) and Polymeric aluminum ferric chloride (PAFC) was studied separately to evaluate the effects of the initial pH and coagulant dosage. The coagulation-UV/H2O2 oxidation method resulted in much higher reduction rates for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (by 75%) and UV254 (by 92%) than coagulation or UV/H2O2 oxidation alone. The proportion of non-acid hydrophobics, hydrophobic acids, transphilics and hydrophilics removed by coagulation was 54%, 49%, 27% and 12 %, while the combined treatment removed 92%, 87%, 70% and 39%, respectively. Parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) of fluorescence measurements revealed that the humic-like fluorescent component C4 showed the highest removal (by 44%) during the coagulation stage. After coagulation-UV/H2O2 treatment, the humic-like fluorescent component C3 had the highest removal (by 72%), whereas xenobiotic organic fluorescent components C1 and C4 remained recalcitrant to decomposition. Significant correlations (R2 > 0.8) between C1 and the hydrophobic acids and non-acid hydrophobics suggested the possibility of using fluorescence spectroscopy as an effective tool to assess variations in DOM fraction treatment efficacy in coagulation-UV/H2O2 systems. After the combined treatment, toxic inhibition of cellular activity by post PhWW decreased from 88% to 47% and biodegradability increased from 0.1 to 0.52.

Optimization of composite coagulant made from polyferric chloride and tapioca starch in landfill leachate treatment

In this research, the performance of polyferric chloride and tapioca flour as composite coagulants for partially stabilized leachate was investigated. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the coagulation and flocculation process of partially stabilized leachate. Central composite design a standard design tool in RSM was applied to evaluate the interactions and effects of dose and pH. Dose 0.2 g/L Fe and pH 4.71 were the optimum value suggested by RSM. Experimental test based on the optimum condition, resulted in 95.9%, 94.6% and 50.4% of SS, color and COD removals, respectively. The percentage difference recorded between experimental and model responses was <5%. Therefore, it can be concluded that RSM was an appropriate optimization tool for coagulation and flocculation process.

Comparison of flocs characteristics using before and after composite coagulants under different coagulation mechanisms

The flocs generated by different coagulants under various coagulation mechanisms produce fundamentally different floc characteristics. In this investigation, the fractal dimensions of aggregates produced by the different types of coagulants and coagulation mechanisms to drilling wastewater were described with image-based techniques. The flocs properties, which were evaluated in terms of floc strength, size and structure, formed by non-composite, polyferric chloride (PFC), and by a novel composite coagulant, polyferric chloride −polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride (PFC-PDM), were comparatively investigated. Besides, an intrinsic unity of relation among the floc properties under various coagulation mechanisms was also reported. It was found that the composite coagulant could exhibit better bridging capacity during coagulation process. Fractal dimension analysis revealed that PFC-PDM tended to form more regular and compact flocs with larger Dpf value than PFC formed. The results clearly demonstrated that the size of PFC-PDM-floc was larger than that of PFC-floc. Additionally, the PFC-PDM-flocs strength were higher than PFC-flocs, indicating that the aggregated flocs induced by the composite coagulant could be more resistant to shear and more recoverable than those induced by the non-composite coagulant. Those presented above results indicate that PFC-PDM may be used as alternative coagulant during wastewater treatment process with some capacities exceeding that of PFC, providing there is an economic and practical method to improve floc properties from its application.

Removal of antibiotic resistance genes from wastewater treatment plant effluent by coagulation

Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), as emerging environmental contaminants, have become a threat to human health. Recent studies have demonstrated that the effluent from wastewater treatment plants is a significant point source of ARGs released into the environment. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of coagulation technology in the removal of ARGs from treated wastewater. Specifically, we measured the removal of five ARGs (two sulfonamide resistance genes, sulI and sulII, and three tetracycline resistance genes, tetO, tetW and tetQ) and the class 1 integron intI1 gene via the application of two coagulants: FeCl3 and polyferric chloride (PFC). Moreover, the removal of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), NH3N and total phosphorus (TP) in the coagulation process was investigated. The coagulation process effectively removed ARGs from the effluent with 0.5-log to 3.1-log reductions. Significant removal correlations were observed between dissolved NH3N and DOC, intI1 and sulI, sulII and tetO, sulII and tetW, and tetO and tetW, implying that the co-removal of DOC, dissolved NH3N, the intI1 gene and different ARGs played an important role in ARG loss during coagulation with Fe-based coagulants. These results indicate that coagulation may play a promising role in ARG reduction in wastewater treatment plants.

The Effect of Temperature and Agitation in AMD with FeCl3 and Metal Hydroxides

Acid mine drainage (AMD) from decant in Krugersdorp (South Africa) was dosed with acid-free polyferric chloride (af- PFCl) of CaOH2 or MgOH2 (PFCl-Ca(OH)2 or-Mg(OH)2). A 200 mL sample was poured into five 500 mL glass beakers and the flocculent was added in a jar test respectively using different methods of mixing and dosing. The mechanism tests were performed employing two methods of dispersing reagents throughout the colloidal suspension, i.e., rapid mixing and shaking in order to find the removal mechanism of mineral salts and relationship between the removal and characteristics of flocculent/pollutants. The results showed that the turbidity removal efficiency exhibited by FeCl3, PFCl-Ca(OH) 2 or Mg(OH)2, and hydroxides of Ca or Mg is identical, all above 90%. It also revealed that the effective AMD treatment is not necessarily dependent upon the pH, but the ability of the coagulant to destabilize the double layer (high electronegativity) of an aqua-colloid and optimal hydrolysis. The residual turbidity of the AMD samples at 15, 25 and 35°C does not exhibit significant deviations. The turbidity removal of the samples with low temperature shows that dynamic viscosity of the colloidal suspension has an influence in the destabilization-hydrolysis reaction.

Hydrogel-Based Bioflocculants for the Removal of Organic Pollutants from Biodiesel Wastewater

Hydrogel based bioflocculants namely Gelatin and acrylic acid-co-acrylamide [GL-cl-P(AA-co-AAM)] and hybrid hydrogel composite with good adsorption potential, were synthesized in this study for the treatment of biodiesel wastewater. The two hydrogels were characterized using X-Ray diffraction, Fourier transformed infra-red spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope. It was found that the synthesis provided the composite with the functional groups of the individual components. The hydrogels were found to achieve around 65 % of BOD removal and exhibited a maximum performance at a dosage 12.5 mg/L. The kinetic studies of the removal of BOD by all the hydrogels were found to follow the pseudo-second order kinetic model; the adsorption capacities of the GL-cl-P(AA-co-AAM) and the hybrid hydrogel composite were 11,368.8 and 12,787 mg/g, respectively. The flocs formed by the hybrid hydrogel composite and polyferric chloride were also more stable than those formed by the GL-cl-P(AA-co-AAM) and MgOH; implying that the incorporation of the attapulgite into the composite had resulted in the development of a better coagulant. The viability of the application of the hybrid hydrogel composite for the treatment of biodiesel wastewater could therefore be further investigated at pilot scale to prepare the implementation at large scale.

Preparation, characterization and flocculation performance of the inorganic–organic composite coagulant polyferric chloride and polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride

AbstractBACKGROUNDA novel composite coagulant was prepared from polyferric chloride (PFC) and polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride (PDM) using two different methods: co‐polymerization and composite polymerization. In this investigation, effects of preparation parameters such as PDM/Fe weight ratio (P) and PDM molecular weight on zeta potential and Fe (III) species distribution were also studied. In addition, the effects of those parameters on coagulation efficiency of prepared coagulants in treating drilling wastewater was evaluated and the synthetic coagulants were characterized in terms of typical properties and morphological analysis.RESULTSThe improvements in preparation parameters were better charge neutralization capacity and the highest content of active Fe (III) coagulating species due to the presence of cationic polymer. The optimal coagulation efficiency was obtained at a PDM/PFC weight ratio of 0.3 and PDM molecular weight of 200–350 kDa. PFC‐PDM turned out to be a physical mixture according to Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, although the coagulation behavior was changed after the PFC/PDM composite was formed. Morphology analysis displayed an irregular surface and multi‐branched structure for PFC‐PDM.CONCLUSIONThe novel composite coagulant PFC‐PDM exhibited a superior flocculation performance and obtained favorable coagulation behavior with more compact flocs and a much better sludge compressibility compared with PFC alone. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry

Multiple response optimization of the coagulation process for upgrading the quality of effluent from municipal wastewater treatment plant.

To meet the high quality standard of receiving water, the coagulation process using polyferric chloride (PFC) was used to further improve the water quality of effluent from wastewater treatment plants. Uniform design (UD) coupled with response surface methodology (RSM) was adopted to assess the effects of the main influence factors: coagulant dosage, pH and basicity, on the removal of total organic carbon (TOC), NH4+-N and PO43−-P. A desirability function approach was used to effectively optimize the coagulation process for the comprehensive removal of TOC, NH4+-N and PO43−-P to upgrade the effluent quality in practical application. The optimized operating conditions were: dosage 28 mg/L, pH 8.5 and basicity 0.001. The corresponding removal efficiencies for TOC, NH4+-N and PO43−-P were 77.2%, 94.6% and 20.8%, respectively. More importantly, the effluent quality could upgrade to surface water Class V of China through coagulation under optimal region. In addition, grey relational analysis (GRA) prioritized these three factors as: pH > basicity > dosage (for TOC), basicity > dosage > pH (for NH4+-N), pH > dosage > basicity (for PO43−-P), which would help identify the most important factor to control the treatment efficiency of various effluent quality indexes by PFC coagulation.

Synthesis, characterization of a novel lignin-based polymer and its behavior as a coagulant aid in coagulation/ultrafiltration hybrid process

A novel lignin-based flocculant was introduced in recycling of the biomass existing in papermaking sludge. The product, lignin-diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride-acrylamide (LDA) was characterized as a cationic macromolecule polymer with broad structure. To demonstrate its efficiency, LDA was used as coagulant aid with polyferric chloride (PFC) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) to remove humic acid by coagulation–ultrafiltration processes. Results showed that coagulation aid effect of LDA was not affected by the type of metal salts and removal ratios of dissolved organic carbon were maximum 15.1% and 11.9% larger than single PFC and PAC coagulation, respectively. More concentrated flocs with larger size and open structure as well as low fractal dimension were formed by dual-coagulants. In PFC coagulation system, LDA could absorb negative charge on the surface of Fe(III) coagulated flocs efficiently and achieve the maximum floc strength accordingly. In the ultrafiltration experiment, cake layer fouling was demonstrated to be the foremost fouling mechanism. PAC combined used with LDA resulted in the minimum membrane fouling due to the formation of looser flocs as well as more concentrated floc size distribution. Overall, LDA brought in charge neutralization and absorption bridging effect and played a positive role in coagulation–ultrafiltration processes.

Effect of coagulant basicity on virus removal from water by polyferric chloride

We investigated the effect of coagulant basicity on bacteriophage removal from river water by polyferric chloride (PFC). PFC at three basicities (basicity 0.9–2.1) was prepared by means of base titration (NaOH was added to ferric chloride (FeCl3) solution) and the virus removal efficiencies of those PFCs were compared with that of FeCl3 (basicity 0). The virus removal efficiencies of the PFCs were equal to or less than that of FeCl3 at both pH 6 and pH 8. This suggests that, unlike aluminum-based coagulants, increasing the basicity of iron-based coagulants does not improve virus removal efficiency. Furthermore, the relative abundance of monomeric iron(III) species in the PFCs decreased, whereas that of precipitated iron(III) species increased with increasing basicity, as assessed with a ferron method. Colloid charge density also decreased with increasing basicity. Therefore, it is likely that the reduction in the abundance of monomeric iron(III) species led to the reduction in colloid charge density, which then reduced virus removal efficiency. Thus, the development of novel iron-based coagulants with increased virus removal efficiency may not be possible by simply increasing the basicity of the coagulant.

Comparison of epichlorohydrin–dimethylamine with other cationic organic polymers as coagulation aids of polyferric chloride in coagulation–ultrafiltration process

Epichlorohydrin–dimethylamine (DAM–ECH) copolymer was acquired by polycondensation of hazardous reagents: epichlorohydrin (analytical reagent, A.R.) and dimethylamine (A.R.) with ethanediamine (A.R.) as cross-linker. Its coagulation and membrane performance as coagulation aid of polyferric chloride (PFC) was evaluated by comparing with other two cationic coagulation aids: poly dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (PDMDAAC) and polyacrylamide (PAM) in humic acid–kaolin (HA–Kaolin) simulated water treatment. Firstly, optimum dosages of PFC&DAM–ECH, PFC&PDMDAAC and PFC&PAM were identified according to their coagulation performance. Then their impacts (under optimum dosages) on membrane fouling of regenerated cellulose (RC) ultra-membrane disc in coagulation–ultrafiltration (C–UF) process were reviewed. Results revealed that small addition of DAM–ECH was the effective on turbidity and DOC removal polymer. Furthermore, in the following ultra-filtration process, external membrane fouling resistance was demonstrated to be the dominant portion of the total membrane fouling resistance under all circumstances. Meanwhile, the internal membrane fouling resistance was determined by residual of micro-particles11Micro-particles: Humic acid molecules, Kaolin and micro-floc formed in coagulation process that cannot be intercepted by cake layer or ultrafiltration membrane. that cannot be intercepted by cake layer or ultrafiltration membrane.

Preparation and characterization of gum karaya hydrogel nanocomposite flocculant for metal ions removal from mine effluents

This research paper reports the removal of heavy metal ions from mine effluents using the gum karaya (GK)-grafted poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) incorporated iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4 MNPs) hydrogel nanocomposite [i.e., GK-cl-P(AAm-co-AA)/Fe3O4 hydrogel nanocomposite] and inorganic coagulants such as polyferric chloride (af-PFCl), Al2(SO4)3, FeCl3 and Mg(OH)2. The Fe3O4 MNPs were incorporated in the matrix of the hydrogel polymer of Gk-cl-P(AAm-co-AA) through the free radical graft co-polymerization technique using N,N′-methylene-bis-acrylamide as the cross-linking agent. The graft co-polymerization of the P(AAm-co-AA) with Gk and the successful incorporation of the Fe3O4 MNPs within the hydrogel polymer matrix was evidenced using different characterization techniques such as FTIR, XRD, SEM and TEM. The performance of coagulants was evaluated by considering parameters such as turbidity removal, pH correction, metal removal and settling time. It was observed that the monomeric inorganic coagulants had a relatively poor performance compared to the organic coagulant, i.e., GK-cl-P(AAm-co-AA)/Fe3O4 hydrogel nanocomposite. Most of the coagulants achieved maximum turbidity removal in the range of 67–99.5 %, but the hydrogel nanocomposite showed the greatest reactivity by achieving the fastest floc formation rate and shortest optimum sedimentation time of 5 min (100 % removal in 5 min). The removal of metal followed the order Pb2+ > Cr6+ > Ni2+ with an optimum settling time of 15 min; more often, Ni2+ was poorly removed (≤23.2 % removal after 15 min) from acidic mine water samples. Therefore, the synthesized hydrogel nanocomposite has shown great potential as a flocculant and adsorbent for the removal of suspended particles as well as heavy metal ions and can be used to improve the quality of mine effluents prior to discharge in the environment.

Removal of Arsenic, Fluoride, and Lead from Wastewater Using Novel Polyinorganic Coagulants

The present study highlights to the removal of some dangerous pollutants such as lead, arsenic, and fluoride from wastewater. Treatment using a novel polyinorganic coagulants, the eight novel polyinorganic coagulants were prepared, and characterized namely, poly aluminum chloride (PACl) polyaluminum chloride silicate (PAClSi), polyaluminum hydroxy sulphate (PAHS), polyaluminum hydroxy sulphate silicate (PAHSSi), polyferric chloride (PFeCl), polyferric chloridesilicate (PFeClSi), polyaluminum ferric chloride (PAlFeCl), and polyaluminum ferric chloride silicate (PAlFeClSi). The application was carried out for the removal of pollutants from wastewater using these novel polyinorganic coagulants. It was found that the maximum percentages of removal of Pb2+, AS3+, and F- ions from wastewater reached 99.98, 97, and 99%, using novel polyinorganic coagulants PAHSSi, PAlFeClSi, and PAlFeClSi respectively. Therefore, polyinorganic coagulant impregnated with silica was considered as a good coagulant for wastewater treatment due to its low cost and good efficiency in this application, as well as it will solve the problem of water shortage and to sustains a non-conventional water resource.