Soil Pollution Status Research Articles

Heavy metal contents of contaminated soils and ecological risk assessment in abandoned copper mine harbor in Yedidalga, Northern Cyprus

Total concentrations of heavy metals in the soil from Yedidalga mine harbor, one of the biggest copper export facilities in Cyprus having produced large amounts of mine wastes, were measured to determine the total contents of Cu, Pb, Cr, Cd and Zn. The study also evaluated the level of contamination and assessed the potential ecological risk posed by heavy metals. Soil samples were collected and heavy metal contents were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Several quantitative indices were utilized to assess the soil pollution status. Results revealed that comparatively all heavy metals exceeded the background values. The peak values were observed in the soils from the locations close to the Yedidalga farming lands. Geo-accumulation index (Igeo) showed that Cu had the highest contamination (Igeo > 3) among the other heavy metals. Pearson correlation and cluster analysis identified that Cd, Cr and Pb had a relationship, besides the significant correlation between Cu and Zn, the presence of which was mainly related to the mine wastes. Pollution load index (PLI) graded the overall studied area as moderately–heavily contaminated level. Potential ecological risk analysis manifested that the entire ecological risk level indicated that 55.6% of sampling locations exceeded 300 (RI > 300). These study results suggest that pollution control measures must be implemented. The main cause of accumulation of these metals is found to be associated with the presence of dispersed mine wastes in Yedidalga mine harbor.

Soil pollution assessment in salt field area of Kelambakkam, Tamilnadu using different analytical techniques

The aim of this study is to assess the soil pollution status in the salt field area of Kelambakkam, Tamilnadu using different analytical techniques. The natural radioactivity and pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and soil texture (sand, silt, clay) are determined using gamma ray spectrometer and standard methods respectively. The pH of The pH of soil ranged from 7.2 to 8.00 indicating that the soils are alkaline in nature. The radiation gamma dose rate value in the study area is found to be lower than world average value given by UNSCEAR, 1988. The results of the present work are compared with earlier work from different parts of the countries in the World. The multivariate statistical techniques such as correlation, factor and cluster analysis were employed between radioactive and Physico-chemical variables to identify the soil pollution sources. The statistical analysis indicated that percentage of the sand and slit can alter the concentration of radionuclides. This study may be basic line work for future investigations.

The spatial distribution and accumulation characteristics of heavy metals in steppe soils around three mining areas in Xilinhot in Inner Mongolia, China

Metal deposition has become a major environmental problem in China due to its adverse effects on human and ecosystem health, particularly in Inner Mongolia, where frequent dust storms (due to steppe degradation and desertification) and soil pollution (associated with the increasing mining activities) have occurred in recent decades. To assess spatial distribution of heavy metals and the influences of mining activities on geochemical behavior of heavy metals in soils, soil samples with depth of 0-10, 10-20, and 20-30cm at each site were collected from different directions in the vicinity of three mines (coal mine, gold mine, and fluorite mine) in a typical steppe zone of Inner Mongolia, China. Six elements (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr, Cu, and Ni) in the soils were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). The results indicated that the average concentrations of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr, Cu, and Ni in the soil of the study area around three mines were lower than the second class level of the National Soil Environment Safety Standard, but mostly were higher than the background value of soil in the Inner Mongolia. Northwest, southwest, and northeast wind directions have a great influence on the distribution of metals in coal, gold, and fluorite mine area, respectively. The concentration of heavy metals in coal, gold, and fluorite increased with the distance from the center of the mine, then reached a peak, then decreased gradually. The vertical mobility of metals in soil profiles was slightly significant for Cd>Cr>Zn>Ni in coal mine area and was not significant in gold and fluorite mines. Multivariate statistical methods such as principal component analysis and cluster analysis, coupled with correlation coefficient analysis, showed that Cd, Cu, Cr, and Ni in the mining area came from the same source, while Zn and Pb came from the other source. That the sources of heavy metals in the mining area were discussed would not only enhance our knowledge regarding the soil pollution status in the study area but would also provide us information to manage the sources of these elements in the study area.

Elemental Analysis of Edible Mountain Nettle (Obetia tenax) and the Influence of Soil on Its Chemical Composition

ABSTRACTIn developing countries, the dietary intake of essential elements is largely dependent on the consumption of edible fruits and leafy vegetables. The distribution of elements in the indigenous edible plant, Obetia tenax (mountain nettle), was investigated as a function of soil quality from eight sites in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The results show concentrations of elements in the leaves to be in decreasing order of Ca > Mg > Fe > Mn > Zn > Cr > Cu > Ni > Pb > Co > As > Cd > Se, and in the stems and roots to be in decreasing order of Ca > Mg > Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu > Ni > As > Pb > Co > Cd > Cr > Se. The quality and pollution status of soil was evaluated by geoaccumulation indices and enrichment factors, which indicated moderate cadmium contamination at the Msinga location that was confirmed by the pollution index and ecological risk levels of single-factor pollution. An assessment of overall contamination of soil using Nemerow pollution index showed moderate pollution by cadmium, while the potential toxicity index indicated low-grade risk for all elements at all sites. Principal component and cluster analysis revealed two groups of elements with similarities, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Fe, suggesting a lithogenic source and an anthropogenic source for Pb and Zn. Correlation analysis showed significantly positive correlations between As, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, and Ni/Cd in the soil, confirming the elements’ common origin.

Efficiency Evaluation of Extraction Methods for Analysis of OCPs and PCBs in Soils of Varying TOC

Organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls are toxic, carcinogenic, and have a high potential for bioaccumulation. Due to their stability, they are still considered an environmental problem even though the use of most of them has been phased out several decades ago. Soil is a matrix which can retain these contaminants to a great extent. This ability is often associated with the total organic carbon content (TOC). In order to judge the pollution status of soil and to make monitoring data more easily comparable a simple, yet robust extraction method is needed. Agitation solid-liquid-extraction is well suited for this purpose. However, the influence of TOC on the analyte recovery has to be known. For the presented study, 12 organochlorine pesticides and 7 polychlorinated biphenyls were spiked into four model soils with organic carbon contents between 1.6% - 13.3%. The matrices were extracted using solid-liquid extraction between 45 minutes and 16 hours. For comparison, all soils were also extracted using pressurised liquid extraction and Soxhlet extraction. After clean-up the extracts were measured using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) system. Statistical analysis of the results implied that the TOC content of the soils did not have significant influence on the extraction efficiency. A longer solid-liquid extraction time did not necessarily increase analyte recovery: Extraction for one hour resulted in 88% recovery while 16 hour extraction led to 89%. Thus, the efficiency of all the methods was comparable for all model soils. Additional investigations regarding GC liner performance highlighted the need for isotopically labelled standards during the analysis of thermolabile pesticides.

Environmental Sustainability Analysis and Nutritional Strategies of Animal Production in China.

Animal production in China has achieved considerable progress and contributes to 46% of the total agriculture output value of the country. However, this fast expansion of animal production has led to environmental pollution. In this article, we review the status of soil, water, and air pollution associated with animal production in China and analyze the main sources of the pollutants. The government has promulgated regulations and standards, and effective models and technologies have been developed to control pollution during the last 10 years. Because nutrition and feed strategies represent the most effective method of controlling environmental pollution at the source, this review focuses on nutritional technologies, including accurate feed formulation, rational use of additives, and proper processing of feeds. The advances of modern biotechnology and big data systems also provide more modern approaches to decreasing wastage release. These nutritional strategies are expected to promote sustainable development of animal production.

Reprint of "Environmental assessment of heavy metals around the largest coal fired power plant in Serbia"

Anthropogenic activities may lead to increased levels of heavy metals in soil environment and to reduced environmental quality. In this study concentrations of heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, Zn) were measured by using an atomic absorption spectrometer and soil samples were collected in the vicinity of the largest coal fired power plant in Serbia. The soil pollution status was assessed and enrichment by heavy metals at some sampling sites was revealed. For investigated metals the enrichment factors were in the range of 0.3 to 15.5, while the mean values indicated deficient to minimal enrichment of heavy metals in the investigated area. The highest contamination factor was determined for Ni, followed by Zn, Co and Cd. Cluster analysis was used to identify associations between heavy metals and soil properties. Significant positive correlations were found between: (1) Cd and Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn; (2) Cr and Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb; (3) Zn and Cu, Ni, Pb; and (4) Fe and V. Spatial distribution maps of heavy metal contents based on geostatistical analysis indicated similar patterns of spatial distribution for Co, Fe and V as well as for Cd, Mn, Ni and Pb. The hot spots for Co, Cr, Cu and Zn were revealed between two blocks of coal fired power plant in the investigated area. The distribution pattern revealed that the highest concentrations matched the predominant wind directions. It may be concluded that operation of the coal fired power plant has no significant negative impact on the surrounding environment with regard to the content of investigated heavy metals.

Variations of Heavy Metals from Geothermal Spring to Surrounding Soil and Mangifera Indica–Siloam Village, Limpopo Province

Assessment of seasonal variation in concentration of heavy metals–As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn from the Siloam Geothermal Spring and their impacts on surface soils and Mangifera indica were undertaken during winter and summer seasons in South Africa. This was done to determine the environmental pollution status of surface soils and Mangifera indica around the geothermal spring. The geothermal spring water, surface soil (0–15 cm) and Mangifera indica (bark and leaves) samples were collected during 2014 winter and summer seasons. Soil and Mangifera indica samples were treated and digested using microwave and block digestion methods, respectively. The heavy metal concentrations were determined with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) (Agilent 7700). The result from this study showed that levels of heavy metals were higher in summer compared to winter season for geothermal spring water, surface soil, and Mangifera indica (barks and leaves). In two-tailed tests (Mann–Whitney U-test), geothermal spring water alone showed significant differences (Z = −2.1035, p < 0.05), whereas the surface soil and barks and leaves of Mangifera indica showed no significant differences (Z = 0.053; 0; −0.524, p > 0.05) in both seasons. Some heavy metals concentrations were above the standard guidelines for drinking water and typical soil, making the soil contaminated. This is a cause for concern as it can affect the environment and the health of the inhabitants of Siloam village, who depend on the geothermal spring as their source of domestic water, irrigation, and other uses. This study also showed that Mangifera indica has a phytoremediative property, which lessens the heavy metal concentrations absorbed from the contaminated soil.

黔北火电厂周边森林土壤重金属污染现状研究

为探索山区火电厂周边森林土壤重金属污染现状，调查了贵州省黔北火电厂周边7个森林样地物种群落结构概况，在7个森林样点的中心部分、林地边缘及林外耕地进行了土壤样品采集，分析研究了土壤样品中铅、镉、汞、砷、铜与铬6中重金属的污染水平。结果表明林地土壤重金属Pb基本源于土壤形成的基岩，受外界污染较小。林地植被对大气沉降引起的Pb污染具有较好屏蔽效果，但对Hg、Cd两种元素的屏蔽效果相对较弱，主要受林分与密闭度的影响。基于贵州省土壤背景值及单因子指数与综合污染指数法评价结果，研究区土壤主要存在Hg、Cd、Pb的污染，而As、Cu及Cr则不存在污染现象。 To study the heavy metals pollution status of soils from forest land surrounding coal-fired plant in mountainous area, species community structures of 7 forest lands surrounding Qianbei Coal-fired Plant were investigate. Soil samples were collected at central parts and edge parts of these forest lands, and soils in cropland out of these forest lands were sampled as well. Pollution levels of Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cu and Cr were analyzed. The results suggested that Pb in soils of forest land was mainly associated with rock weathering; forest trees are good shields against the Pb pollution caused by atmospheric deposition. For Hg and Cd pollution, its protection primary depended on its forest closure and components. According to the single factor and Nemerow comprehensive index method, study region was polluted with Hg, Cd and Pb, and no pollution of As, Cu and Cr in these areas was observed.

Giant Epiglottic Cyst: Is Tracheostomy Essential?

The aim of this study is to assess the soil pollution status in the salt field area of Kelambakkam, Tamilnadu using different analytical techniques. The natural radioactivity and pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and soil texture (sand, silt, clay) are determined using gamma ray spectrometer and standard methods respectively. The pH of The pH of soil ranged from 7.2 to 8.00 indicating that the soils are alkaline in nature. The radiation gamma dose rate value in the study area is found to be lower than world average value given by UNSCEAR, 1988. The results of the present work are compared with earlier work from different parts of the countries in the World. The multivariate statistical techniques such as correlation, factor and cluster analysis were employed between radioactive and Physico-chemical variables to identify the soil pollution sources. The statistical analysis indicated that percentage of the sand and slit can alter the concentration of radionuclides. This study may be basic line work for future investigations.

Environmental assessment of heavy metals around the largest coal fired power plant in Serbia

Anthropogenic activities may lead to increased levels of heavy metals in soil environment and to reduced environmental quality. In this study concentrations of heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, Zn) were measured by using an atomic absorption spectrometer and soil samples were collected in the vicinity of the largest coal fired power plant in Serbia. The soil pollution status was assessed and enrichment by heavy metals at some sampling sites was revealed. For investigated metals the enrichment factors were in the range of 0.3 to 15.5, while the mean values indicated deficient to minimal enrichment of heavy metals in the investigated area. The highest contamination factor was determined for Ni, followed by Zn, Co and Cd. Cluster analysis was used to identify associations between heavy metals and soil properties. Significant positive correlations were found between: (1) Cd and Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn; (2) Cr and Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb; (3) Zn and Cu, Ni, Pb; and (4) Fe and V. Spatial distribution maps of heavy metal contents based on geostatistical analysis indicated similar patterns of spatial distribution for Co, Fe and V as well as for Cd, Mn, Ni and Pb. The hot spots for Co, Cr, Cu and Zn were revealed between two blocks of coal fired power plant in the investigated area. The distribution pattern revealed that the highest concentrations matched the predominant wind directions. It may be concluded that operation of the coal fired power plant has no significant negative impact on the surrounding environment with regard to the content of investigated heavy metals.

Research Profiling of Soil Pollution from 2000 to 2013

In order to profile the research status of soil pollution, and grasp the development direction of the disciplines, based on the soil pollution related research papers included in EI compendex, by the controlled terms of EI thesaurus, we used words co-occurrence clustering to identify the current six subfields of international soil pollution studies, investigated the development and change of them with time case, and pointed out the journals that different subfields should focus on by analyzing the relevant periodicals distribution, to provide reference for the research institutes, researchers, and policy makers in soil pollution related field.

Spatial distribution and source identification of trace elements in topsoil from heavily industrialized region, Aliaga, Turkey.

Topsoil samples (n = 40) were collected from a heavily industrialized region in Turkey. The region includes several scrap processing iron-steel plants with electric arc furnaces (EAFs), a petroleum refinery, a petrochemical complex, steel rolling mills, a natural gas-fired power plant, ship-breaking yards and very dense transportation activities. The region has undergone a rapid transition from an agricultural region to a heavily industrialized region in the last three decades. Collected soil samples were analyzed for 48 trace elements using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The elemental distribution pattern in the region indicated that Nemrut area with dense iron-steel production activities was a hotspot for elemental pollution. In addition to crustal elements, concentrations of anthropogenic trace elements (i.e., Fe, Zn, Pb, Mn, Cu, Cd, Cr and Mo) were very high in the area influencing many parts of the region. Elemental compositions of fugitive sources polluting the soil (i.e., paved and unpaved roads, slag piles, EAFs filter dust piles and coal piles) were also determined. The methods (enrichment factors [EFs] and the index of geoaccumulation [Igeo]) used for determination of pollution status of soil showed that Cr, Ag, Zn, As and Pb were the strongly contaminating elements for the region. Principal component analysis (PCA) clearly indicated that anthropogenic sources (steel production, refinery and petrochemical processes and traffic) were important sources in this region.

Pollution Status of Soils and Vegetation around Busy Motor Parks in Selected Areas of Delta State, Nigeria

Soil and vegetation samples were collected from busy motor parks in selected parts of Delta State and analysed with the aim of ascertaining the potential and environmental impact of the motor park activities on the surroundings. The physicochemical characteristics of the soil samples were investigated using various standard methods while the heavy metal concentrations were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric technique. The pH values ranged from 5.59 to 8.52 with a mean value of 7.21 showing that the soils were slightly acidic to slightly alkaline. The electrical conductivity values ranged from 66.54 to 252.9 µs/cm with mean value of 163.48 µs/cm, indicating presence of high level of soluble inorganic salts in the soil samples. The cation exchange capacity values (cmolkg -1 ) ranging from 0.040 to 0.147 with mean value of 0.097 implied that the exchange sites on the soil minerals will be less available for metals retention. The mean percentages of Total Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen which were 0.488 and 0.107 respectively could be attributed to presence of some biodegradable and compostable materials. The mean concentrations of the heavy metals in the soil samples (mgkg -1 ) were 57.78 for Fe, 1.112 for Pb, 0.482 for Cu, 1.334 for Zn and 0.13 for Cr with the abundance trend of Fe > Zn > Pb > Cu >Cr. The mean metal levels in the vegetation samples ranged from (mgkg -1 ) 0.152 to 12.426 with the abundance trend of Fe > Pb > Zn > Cu > Cr. Soil plant transfer coefficient values for all the metals in all the sites indicate medium accumulation while contamination/pollution index values showed generally very slight contamination. The metal levels in both the soil and vegetation samples in all the sites were relatively higher than the levels recorded in the control sites. The overall results showed evidence of some heavy metals enrichment on the soils and vegetation. This effect could be cumulative over time.

Heavy metal contamination of urban soil in an old industrial city (Shenyang) in Northeast China

The purpose of this study is to investigate the current status of heavy metal soil pollution in one of the cradles of industry in China, the Tiexi Industrial District in the city of Shenyang, Ninety-three soil samples were collected from the top 15cm of the soil layer and were analyzed for heavy metal concentrations of Pb, Cu, Cr, Zn, Mn, Cd, As and Hg. The data reveal a remarkable variation in heavy metal concentration among the sampled soils; the mean values of all the heavy metal concentrations were higher than the background values, and the mean concentrations of Pb, Cu, Cd and As were as high as 5.75, 5.08, 12.12 and 13.02 times their background values, respectively. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) indicate that Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd, As and Hg are closely associated with the first principal component (PC1), which explained 46.7% of the total variance, while Cr and Mn are mainly distributed with the second component (PC2), which explained 22.5% of the total variance. Geostatistical analyses, including the calculation of semivariogram parameters and model fitting, further confirmed the results of the statistical analysis. In the estimated maps of heavy metals, several hotspots of high metal concentrations were identified; Pb and Cu showed a very similar spatial pattern, indicating that they were likely from the same source. There is a clear heavy polluted hotspot of Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd and As in the northeast part of the Tiexi Industrial District because of the Shenyang Smelting Plant, which was a backbone enterprise of China's metallurgical industry. There were also hotspots for other heavy metals in other areas. This is mainly the result of the industrial processing that occurred in the study area. All of these data confirm that Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd and As are a result of anthropogenic activities, especially from industrial processes. For Cr and Mn, the concentration patterns indicate low spatial heterogeneity, with low correlation to other metals, indicating that the concentration of Cr and Mn are mainly caused by natural factors such as soil parent materials. Although the city government of Shenyang has placed a high priority on improving the environment in recent years, it will require a long time to completely eliminate pollution in this area.

Soil Pollution Prevention Planning of Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone

Soil pollution is the important part of environmental pollution which affects the quality of agricultural products and safety of human health. taking Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone as the specific study object, on the basis of an overview of soil pollution status quo in the area, the soil pollution prevention plan of Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone was probed into which included the guiding ideology and principles, the planning target and indicators, soil function zoning, planning content and planning measures, while the planning content includes emphasis content plan of agricultural soil pollution prevention and contaminated sites ecological restoration, emphasis pollutants plan, emphasis regional plan, emphasis industries plan and emphasis project plan. It can improve the soil environment quality of Poyang Lake ecological Economic Zone to provide environmental guarantee for sustained and healthy development in the area.

Research Status and Tendency of Urban Soil Pollution

Urban soil is a compositional part of urban ecosystem playing a vital role in urban sustainable development for it functions importantly in ecological, environmental and economical area and it is urban pollutants’ source and concourse. This paper systematically concludes and expounds a series of research achievements about soil heavy mental contamination, micro-organic material pollution, the environmental and healthy risk assessment of urban soil pollution of domestic and foreign research in recent 10 years. The development focus and tendency of urban soil pollution research are provided on this base for supplying vital scientific clues for improving urban ecological environment.

Multivariate statistical analysis of heavy metals in soils of a Pb–Zn mining area, India

Surface soil samples collected from a Pb and Zn mining area in India were subjected to multi-elemental analysis by using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry. Multivariate statistical methods such as principal component analysis and cluster analysis, coupled with correlation coefficient analysis, were used to analyze the data and to apportion the possible sources of elements in soils of a metal mining area. Soils in this area have elevated heavy metal concentrations especially Pb, Zn, Mn, Cu, As, and Tl. Using principal component (PC) analysis, six components were extracted, out of which two PCs explaining 50.12% of total variance are more important. The first principal component with a high contribution of Ag, As, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn was deemed to be technogenic/anthropogenic component, and the second principal component, with high loadings for the five discerning variables (Al, Be, Cr, K, Li), was considered as lithogenic component. The third component having strong loadings of Ba, Ca, K, and Na is supposed to have a mixed origin (lithogenic as well as technogenic). Electrical conductivity and total organic matter were not correlated with any element and also have a strong loading in the fifth component which is probably the biomass and ions present in these soils. The findings of the principal component analysis were also substantiated by the cluster analysis. The present study would not only enhance our knowledge regarding the soil pollution status in the study area but would also provide us information to manage the sources of these elements in the study area.

Investigations on Nitrate Pollution of Soil, Groundwater and Vegetable from Three Typical Farmlands in Beijing Region, China

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the nitrate pollution status of soil, groundwater, and vegetable from three typical farmlands (croplands, vegetable fields, and orchards) in Beijing region. During the investigation, hundreds of the soil, groundwater, and vegetable samples from three typical farmlands were collected and analyzed. In addition, attributes of all samples were recorded for data analysis. The results showed that nitrate was substantially accumulated in soil profiles, while the soil nitrate concentrations of vegetable fields and orchards were higher than those of croplands. Nitrate concentration in 0-30 cm soil of vegetable field and orchard were 3.8 and 1.2 times of that of cropland, respectively. Nitrate content of groundwater in vegetable field was 13.8 mg L −1 (with the over-standard ratio 44.8%), which was 2.8 folds of that in cropland. Nitrate concentration of groundwater under orchard was 9.3 mg L −1 (with the over-standard ratio 23.5%), which was 1.9 folds of that in cropland. High concentrations of the nitrate in vegetables were detected, particularly green leafy vegetables ranked first with 2 685.5 mg kg −1, followed by rhizome vegetables, cabbages, and fruit vegetables. The nitrate over-standard ratios of rhizome vegetables, green leafy vegetables, fruit vegetables, and cabbages were 80.9, 37.9, 29.7, and 2.2%, respectively. The results revealed that the high nitrate concentrations of soil, vegetable, and groundwater might result from the high fertilization dose.

Study of Water and Soil Pollution Status of Eastern and Western Coastal Zone to identify one Mangrove species as biomarker for high salinity and heavy metals

World’s richest productive ecosystem is the coastal zone. Its richness attracted high human population growth in coastal areas resulting in deforestation for establishment of industries, tourism, port and disposal ground of waste. In the East Coastal Zone 9 rivers, including Gang-Hooghly river system fall into Bay of Bengal adding about 21, 660 m3/day of waste and 21.0152 MT/day of solid waste which finally goes to Sunderban area polluting marine water, soil and plant population. Similarly, in the Western Coastal Zone, 11 major ports and about 10,000 ships per year continuously polluting water, soil and flora and fauna. The water, soil status of Eastern and Western zone from different identified location indicated high salinity C.O.D., B.O.D., pH. For those area, the mangrove, Avicennia officianalis is identified as bio-marker and hyper heavy metal accumulator for salinity and heavy metals.