Political Stability Research Articles

The Impact of Political Stability on Regional Economic Growth in India: A Comparative Study of State-Level Development

This study explores the intricate dynamics of Indian politics, focusing on the interplay between historical legacies, electoral processes, and socio-economic factors shaping contemporary governance. As the world's largest democracy, India offers a unique perspective on political evolution influenced by colonial history, diverse cultural contexts, and rapid economic changes. The analysis covers the historical foundations of India's political system, the impact of major political parties and leaders, and the role of elections in determining policy outcomes. Key areas of focus include the influence of caste and religion on voting behavior, the effects of political campaigns and media, and the evolution of political alliances. The study also addresses current challenges such as corruption, governance inefficiencies, and the impact of globalization on domestic politics. Findings indicate that while India's democratic institutions are resilient, significant disparities in political representation and governance persist, highlighting the need for reforms to enhance transparency and address socioeconomic divides. This examination provides valuable insights into the complexities of democratic governance in a diverse and rapidly evolving society. Additionally, the study underscores the role of regional politics and local governance structures in shaping national policies. It highlights how regional parties and state-level leaders influence broader political trends and contribute to the complexity of India's federal system. By incorporating these perspectives, the analysis offers a comprehensive understanding of how local and national forces interact, shaping the overall political landscape of India

Governmental Capabilities and Responsiveness: Global Investigations into CO2 Emissions and Decarbonization. The Ultimate Super Wicked Problem!

ABSTRACT We consider how the governmental and political contexts of societies affect the delivery of decarbonization agendas. Data on government effectiveness and political stability (capability) and voice and accountability (responsiveness) are related to emission levels in high and middle/low-income countries. The analysis implied that greater government effectiveness initially decreased, but then increased emissions. Alternatively, improvements in political stability had no effect in high-income countries, but lowered emissions elsewhere. Increasing voice and accountability had no effect on the emissions of high-income countries, but raised then (at higher levels) lowered emissions in middle and low-income countries. Findings are used to develop a scholarly understanding of the effects on complex public policy outcomes.

Effects of AI-Generated Misinformation and Disinformation on the Economy

This study investigates the potential consequences of AI-driven misinformation/disinformation on the economy, which the World Economic Forum has identified as the most significant threat to global stability in the near term. To determine the effects of false and/or fake information on the economy, qualitative research method which involves collecting and analyzing information that is rich in detail, context, and meaning was preferred within the framework of this study, and the following inferences and conclusions were drawn regarding the potential implications and consequences of AI-generated mis/disinformation. Mis/disinformation can severely damage consumer trust, leading to reduced revenue and tarnished reputations for businesses. Fake news and reviews can harm consumers by influencing their decisions and can damage brands, resulting in crisis management efforts and decreased consumer loyalty. In financial markets, dis/misinformation can create divergent opinions among investors, leading to market volatility. Within supply chains, the spread of false information can disrupt operations and have significant economic consequences. AI-driven disinformation can pose additional risks, potentially affecting political stability and economic policies. As AI technology advances, countries are implementing stricter regulations, such as the EU AI Act, which may increase compliance costs, particularly for smaller businesses. This study can be considered important as it aims to contribute to a growing awareness of the complex and multifaceted nature of the impact of AI on the economy by investigating the potential negative effects of AI.

Determinants of the Share of the Economy Contributed by the Forestry Industry in Ghana from 1975 to 2023

The macroeconomic determinants of the share of the economy contributed by the forestry industry in Ghana were examined over the period from 1975 to 2023, based on the development of time-series cointegration and error correction models. The analysis indicated that the share of the forestry industry was positively influenced by the real value of the cocoa industry, the exchange rate, and the real interest rate. The relationship between the forestry industry's share and per capita real gross domestic product (GDP) was found to be curvilinear: at low levels of per capita income, the share of the forestry industry in the economy increased with increasing income; beyond a certain level of per capita income, the share of the forestry industry declined. Additionally, economic shocks, namely the El Nino weather phenomenon, and political instability, related to the occurrence of military coups, were identified as negative influences on the share of the economy attributed to the forestry industry.

Impact of Political Instability on Tourism in West Bengal.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of political instability on tourism-related business performance, incoming tourist flows in West Bengal, and overall tourism-based earnings. The nonlinear effects of political risk and economic growth on tourism receipts are examined in this research. Nevertheless, the secondary data that is now accessible with the unobserved component model technique detection only provides a broad picture of the issue. Experts such as managers of lodging establishments, staff members of local tourism development offices, and tourism researchers were interviewed as a result. Expert interviews exposed West Bengal's tourism industry's prospects, challenges, and potential developments in the face of the region's five years of political unrest. The findings confirm earlier research showing that, in the near run, political unrest lowers tourism. However, the long-term viewpoint has yielded various results from the expert interviews with main province cities. Political instability benefits cities with developed tourism businesses that are located outside of crisis areas. Places that relied on visitors from the countries or continents like Europe, Germany, China, USA are mostly affected. The political unrest in eastern West Bengal did not significantly affect cities with low levels of tourism development.

CPEC: A SOURCE OF STRENGTHENING BILATERAL TIES AND DRIVING STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP

The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is a flagship project of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), significantly enhancing cooperation and interconnectivity between Pakistan and China. This $62 billion initiative, spanning communication infrastructure, energy, telecommunication, industrial zones, and Gwadar Port, is not just an economic endeavor. It holds immense strategic importance for both regional and extra-regional countries. By enhancing trade routes and transforming Pakistan’s geostrategic importance, particularly through the link between Gwadar Port and Xinjiang, CPEC provides China with direct access to the Arabian Sea. This paper delves into how CPEC strengthens bilateral ties between China and Pakistan, contributes to regional economic and political stability, and serves as a model for international collaboration. The project’s success is underpinned by infrastructure improvements, energy investments, and an expanded transportation network, positioning Pakistan as a key player in global trade and furthering China’s geopolitical and economic ambitions. Beyond development, CPEC fosters a new era of bilateral cooperation and shared strategic objectives, serving as a beacon of international collaboration.

Pengaruh Kebijakan Dividen, Kepemilikan Manajerial, Kepemilikan Institusional terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Sektor Perbankan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia

This study aims to determine the influence of dividend policies, managerial ownership, and institutional ownership, both partially and simultaneously, on the value of banking sector companies listed on the IDX for the period 2018-2022. Sampling in this study uses a purposive sampling technique. So that research data was obtained as many as 140 data samples. The type of research used is quantitative and analytical observational research design with a cross-sectional approach, which is a study with the aim of analyzing the dynamics of inter-effects and effects, by collecting time-lapse data at a certain time (point time approach). The analysis methods used are multiple linear regression analysis, F test, t test, and determination coefficient (R2). The results of the partial study show that dividend policy has a positive and significant effect on the value of companies in the banking sector in Indonesia, in 2018-2022. Meanwhile, management ownership and institutional ownership have no effect on the value of banking sector companies in Indonesia in 2018-2022. Simultaneously, dividend policies, institutional ownership, and management ownership have a significant effect on the value of companies in the banking sector in Indonesia in 2018-2022. The determination coefficient shows the magnitude of the variation in the dependent variable due to the variation of the independent variable of 11.3% The change in the variation in the company's value is due to the influence of dividend policy, institutional ownership, and management ownership. While the remaining 88.7% was influenced by other variables outside this study. Such as fiscal, monetary, or national political stability in its influence on the rise and fall of the company's value.

A Study of Latin American Integration: Current Status, Challenges and Causes

Latin America and the Caribbean, as the first region among developing countries to practice integration, have shown a segmented development trend due to specific historical contexts. In the post-pandemic era, the development of Latin America has been severely impacted by the pandemic. The development model, where individual nations prioritize national interests over regional ones, has caused stagnation or even regression in Latin American integration. This paper will analyze the current state of Latin American integration from three perspectives: economic, political, and social. Economically, the recovery pace in Latin America lags behind other regions globally. Although there has been some economic rebound, the recovery remains weak, and economic growth continues to slow. Politically, several countries are holding elections this year. Despite the dominance of left-wing forces, right-wing forces are showing signs of gaining momentum, leading to intense struggles between left and right, impacting political stability. Socially, the poverty rate in Latin America remains high, compounded by new issues such as population aging and social stability. In the context of globalization, regional cooperation is a crucial means for countries to promote coordinated economic development and reduce development gaps among member states. It aids in the development of member states and enhances international competitiveness. Actively promoting Latin American integration is beneficial for the region's economic recovery.

Politics of Violence in Healthcare

Violence against healthcare workers (HCWs) has surged globally, extending beyond conflict zones into areas of relative peace. This editorial examines the epidemic of such violence, which has been exacerbated by recent pandemics. Historical and contemporary instances, such as the 1830s cholera riots, the 2013/14 Ebola outbreak, and recent attacks in Kolkata, highlight how political instability, public mistrust, and socio-economic inequalities fuel aggression against HCWs. A comprehensive analysis reveals that 50-75% of HCWs experience workplace violence, with a significant portion facing sexual abuse. Contributing factors include inadequate security, poor governance, and societal intolerance of HCWs. Possible solutions offer hope, including workplace safety, legal protections, and public awareness of the problem. The editorial calls for a multi-faceted approach involving legislation, better reporting, and global cooperation to address the root causes of violence and improve the safety of HCWs.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES OF CLIMATE CHANGE: GLOBAL CHALLENGES AND REGIONAL RESPONSES

The issue of environmental problems is particularly important today. The relevance is determined by the fact that global challenges arise every day, and global warming causes serious climate change and threatens the disappearance of the ecosystem. The purpose of the article is to analyze current trends and consequences of global and regional climate change. Methodology. A set of general scientific methods (analytical and synthetic hermeneutic, pragmatic, and generalization techniques) was employed to achieve the research goal and ensure the scientific reliability of the results. Scientific novelty. The study reveals the main problems of nature management and changes in nature caused by anthropogenic activities. The importance of the population's counteraction to negative impacts on the planet’s ecosystem is emphasized. The study examines the main causes of climate change and substantiates the global risks associated with this phenomenon. The impact of climate change on the economic sector is analyzed. Special attention is paid to the terms “climate crisis” and “global climate change”. It is found that modern environmental problems include an increase in the number of wars, ocean pollution, global warming, resource shortages, and others. Each of these problems poses a serious threat to the development of any state. It is proved that in the context of political instability, Ukraine does not have the full potential to implement scientifically based balanced measures. The absence of an effective state policy on sustainable environmental management poses a threat to the economy and environment of Ukraine. It is necessary to find ways to solve the identified problems and consider promising areas for improving the factors that affect the environment and the environmental situation in general. Improving the environmental situation will allow Ukraine to rise to a new level in the global ranking. The conclusions state that climate change threatens not only the economic and environmental security of the state, but also national security in general.

Assessment of the causes of educational decline in the Maghreb countries

The education systems in Maghreb countries, including Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia, are experiencing significant deterioration due to a mix of internal and external factors. Internally, challenges such as outdated curricula, poor teacher training, overcrowded classrooms, and inadequate infrastructure undermine the quality of education. These issues are worsened by administrative inefficiencies and insufficient investment. Externally, socio-economic problems like high unemployment, political instability, and limited funding further strain the education sector. Additionally, the rapid pace of globalization and technological advancements outstrip the capabilities of these education systems to adapt. Cultural factors, including societal attitudes toward education, also contribute to the decline. Addressing these issues requires comprehensive reforms, such as updating curricula, investing in infrastructure and teacher training, and shifting cultural perceptions to prioritize education as a cornerstone for national development.

Application of K-Means Clustering and OR-Tools to Optimize Rice Distribution: A Case Study of Perum Bulog Indonesia

Food security is one of the Indonesian government's priority policies aimed at maintaining economic and political stability. To ensure the nutritional needs of its population are met, the government requires sufficient food availability distributed nationwide at stable and affordable prices. Rice is the main staple food in Indonesia. According to data from the National Food Agency, rice consumption in Indonesia is very high, averaging 139 kilograms per capita per year, with a dependency rate of 97%. In response to food security challenges, the Indonesian government has entrusted the Food Supply and Price Stabilization Program (SPHP) for rice to Perum BULOG, a State-Owned Enterprise (SOE) specializing in food logistics. To optimize distribution to Perum BULOG’s retailers, called Rumah Pangan Kita (RPK), efficient routes and transport capacity are prioritized. Therefore, this paper proposes an approach using the Heterogeneous Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (HCVRP) to enhance distribution efficiency and reduce delivery costs. By employing the K-Means algorithm to cluster RPK addresses and Guided Local Search via OR-Tools to determine suitable transportation types, this study successfully identified optimal delivery routes for each cluster and corresponding vehicle types. The results demonstrated a reduction in delivery costs of up to 21%, significantly improving the efficiency of the SPHP rice distribution process. This outcome ultimately supports rice availability and price stability, crucial for maintaining food security in Indonesia.

Does intellectual property rights protection help reduce carbon emissions?

Our study examines the relationship between intellectual property rights protection (IPRP) and carbon emissions (CE) using an unbalanced panel data set from 116 countries spanning 2008–2020. The analysis reveals a positive relationship between IPRP and CE. Mechanism tests and nonlinear analysis further elucidate this relationship. The mediation effect results indicated that IPRP indirectly fostered CE growth by inhibiting energy structure’s improvement, demonstrating that IPRP exacerbated the dependence on traditional high-carbon energy sources, hindering the transition to cleaner, more efficient energy systems. The analysis also revealed that IPRP indirectly promoted the increase of CE by promoting technological progress and economic growth. The moderation effect results suggest that political stability could mitigate the positive impact of IPRP on CE. Furthermore, the analysis reveals an inverted U-shaped relationship between IPRP and CE, indicating that while IPRP promotes an increase in CE in the initial stages, its intensification suppresses CE growth beyond a turning point. Hence, our study provides new theoretical and empirical evidence to understand the complex relationship between IPRP and CE. It also offers policy recommendations for effectively integrating global carbon reduction efforts with intellectual property policies.

The Role of Political Parties in Making Japanese Public Policy (Liberal Democratic Party as a Model)

Political parties are considered one of the most important political organizations and have a role in making and drawing up public policy. In Japan, they play a role, but there are not enough opportunities to assume governance. The Liberal Democratic Party is the most prominent party in Japan and plays a role in shaping and directing public policies in the country, and seeks to achieve a balance between the economy and the economy.And securityIn social affairs, the party played a vital role in promoting democracy and achieving political stability in the country. The party also seeks to manage the economy effectively and strengthen international relations through diplomacy and international cooperation, relying on its political orientations. The Liberal Democratic Party represents a model for political parties in Japan, which contributes to Effectively in making public policy and shaping the future course of the country, through its effective participation in governments, parliament and other democratic mechanisms, the Liberal Democratic Party remains a fundamental pillar in the Japanese political system, and a major partner in formulating and implementing policies that directly affect the lives of citizens and the future of the country. In its entirety.

Entrepreneur’s View on business Challenges in Disentangle Regional Capital City: Evidence from Far Western Nepal

Background: Entrepreneurship plays a vital role in economic development by driving innovation and creating employment opportunities. However, entrepreneurs in Nepal, particularly in Far Western regions like Doti, face significant challenges that may hinder both entrepreneurial growth and the overall economic development of the region. Objective: This study aims to explore the challenges faced by entrepreneurs in Doti, in starting and sustaining new ventures. It seeks to understand the key obstacles that affect business growth and provide insights for improving the entrepreneurial ecosystem in the region. Method: A convenient sampling method was used to select 280 entrepreneurs from Doti. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, designed and administered through KOBO. A pre-test was conducted with 5% of the sample to refine the instrument. The study employed descriptive statistics to analyze the data and identify the major challenges faced by entrepreneurs. Result: The findings reveal that more than half of the respondents in Doti faced significant entrepreneurial challenges. The most prevalent issues included changes in regional capital, lack of financial resources, insufficient innovation, a limited market size, and political instability. These challenges were found to severely impact the growth and sustainability of businesses in the region. Conclusion: The study highlights the pressing need for strengthened entrepreneurial policies, increased government support, promotion of technology and innovation, and better management of business resources in Doti. Addressing these challenges is essential to fostering a conducive environment for entrepreneurship and unlocking the economic potential of Far Western Nepal. Paper Types: Research Paper Keywords: Entrepreneurship, business challenges, Economic Development, Far Western Nepal JEL Classification: L26, O18, R11

Comments on: “COVID-19 and political instability may not be the only factors affecting students’ mental health”

Comments on: “COVID-19 and political instability may not be the only factors affecting students’ mental health”

Abundance of Natural Resources: Influence on Economic Growth in ASEAN Countries

ASEAN's GDP growth reached 3 trillion USD, with intra-ASEAN trade reaching 590.4 billion USD. ASEAN is projected to become the world's fourth-largest economy by 2050, and over the past few years has shown rapid economic growth. This study aims to analyze the waste of resources that affect the economic growth of ASEAN countries sourced from the export value of natural resources of fuel, natural resources of ore and minerals, natural resources of agriculture, and natural resources of food. Using a quantitative descriptive research approach, using secondary data in the form of panel data for the period 2001-2020 obtained from 10 countries in ASEAN. Data analysis technique using panel data regression, selected model random effect model using Eviews 12 software. The results of this study show that the abundance of natural resources of ores and minerals has a significant effect on economic growth in ASEAN countries with a positive relationship direction, while agricultural natural resource variables have a significant influence on economic growth with a negative relationship direction. This is due to dependence on agricultural natural resources, market instability, technological and infrastructure limitations, climate change vulnerability, and political instability, thus causing loss of added value, dependence on export markets and development on the agricultural industry, which causes obstacles to economic growth which ultimately hinders economic growth to develop optimally.

Analysis of the Spatial Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Large-Scale Land Acquisition Projects in Southeast Asia

Southeast Asia is an essential region for companies carrying out large-scale land acquisitions (LSLAs). Exploring the distribution patterns and influencing factors of LSLA projects in this region is of great practical significance for summarizing the characteristics of LSLA projects in Southeast Asia, for gaining a thorough understanding of LSLA project development rules, and for formulating reasonable policies to guide local LSLA projects. This study explores the spatial distribution and influencing factors of LSLA projects in Southeast Asia using the mean center method, the kernel density estimation method, and the grey correlation method. The findings indicate the following: Firstly, the majority of LSLA projects in Southeast Asia are located in the Indo-China Peninsula, Cambodia, Myanmar, Laos, and other countries, which represent significant regions of interest for LSLA projects in this region. Secondly, the spatial distribution of LSLA intention projects and LSLA contract projects in Southeast Asia is similar, whereas LSLA production projects differ from the former two. Thirdly, the scale of LSLA projects in Southeast Asia is closely related to the host country’s natural resources, socio-economic conditions, governance, and market environment. The total GDP, per capita arable land area, net foreign direct investment inflow, and political stability have been identified as exerting a significant influence on investment corporations’ selection of LSLA host countries.

Determinants of foreign exchange reserves in sub-saharan Africa

Driven by the lack of literature on the nature of the association between foreign exchange reserves and institutions for Sub-Saharan Africa, this study examines the determinants of foreign exchange reserves in 19 Sub-Saharan African countries over the period 2000–2019. The study applies the panel autoregressive distributed lag methodology. The empirical discussion considers the role of the institution and its effect on the flow of foreign exchange reserves across the selected countries. Results from the empirical analysis indicate that the main determinants of foreign exchange reserves in Sub-Saharan Africa are trade openness, broad money to GDP, CPI, and exchange rate. Strikingly, we find that of institution, political stability and absence of terrorism, government effectiveness, control of corruption and voice and accountability significantly affect reserves in the long run, while control of corruption and regulatory quality negatively affect reserves in the short run. The implication of these findings is that policymakers must have a keen awareness of both institutional factors and other macroeconomic phenomena.

Dynamics of Power: Analyzing Political Shifts in Latin America

This paper explores the intricate political landscape of Latin America, analyzing the region's historical evolution, contemporary challenges, and emerging trends. It examines how colonial legacies, socio-economic disparities, and external influences have shaped political institutions and governance across Latin American countries. The study also investigates the rise of populism, shifting political alliances, and the impact of globalization on national politics. By integrating historical context with current events, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the forces driving political change and stability in Latin America, offering insights into both regional dynamics and broader implications for international relations.