Political Representation Research Articles

Simulation Political Branding #Ganjarpresiden2024 Base on Media Sosial Analysis

Talking about 2024 is certainly talking about the political year in Indonesia. Year of 2024 is the year when legislative candidates and of course presidential and vice-presidential candidates starts contesting. Currently, one of the presidential candidates from the party that won the 2014 and 2019 elections is Ganjar Pranowo. As one of the presidential candidates in 2024, Ganjar Pranowo really needs to present himself as a person who deserves to be the president of Indonesia in 2024, so it is important for Ganjar Pranowo to utilize his social media and then through the concept of hyperreality give an effect to a wide audience through social media. This research was conducted to find out how Ganjar Pranowo's political branding simulation in preparation for the 2024 Presidential Election is based on big data analysis on Tiktok social media through content related to Ganjar's candidacy as a Presidential candidate in 2024. The focus of the research is the arrangement and meaning of #GanjarPresiden2024 signs and messages on mainstream social media received by digital society and then forming a simulation of Ganjar Pranowo's political branding which is the result of the digital communication process towards Ganjar's political representation as a 2024 presidential candidate. The research method uses Jean Baudrillard's theory with a simulation approach.

State youth policy in Russia as a tool for the development of society: an analytical review

This article deals with the peculiarities of the implementation of youth policy in the Russian Federation. The analysis of the main normative-legal acts of the Russian Federation in this direction is carried out. In particular, most of the attention was paid to the "Fundamentals of State Youth Policy in the Russian Federation until 2025" approved on 29 November 2014 by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation № 2403-r. In the course of the study, the author identified a number of problems of youth policy. Thus, it was established that from 2014 to the present time there is a tendency to decrease the number of young citizens in the total share of the country's population. Consequently, this creates significant problems in the labour market. Attention is drawn to the problems of political representation of young people in the Russian power structures. The absence of measures in the state policy to attract young people to the political life of the country can reduce their civic consciousness, which will negatively affect the society as a whole. As a result, the author made assumptions about how to correct the current state of the state youth policy and to achieve improvement of employment indicators, number and civic activity of young citizens.

An anarchist take on royalty: Pierre-Joseph Proudhon’s evolving assessment of post-revolutionary monarchy, 1839–64. Part I

ABSTRACT The name recognition of Pierre-Joseph Proudhon in France during the early twentieth century was used to rally left-wing syndicalists and right-wing neo-monarchists to the 1911–14 Cercle Proudhon, a small political organization whose creation was once considered to represent the origins of European ‘fascism’. Oddly, no scholars have examined what Proudhon’s actual ideas about monarchy were and how they might have related to his criticisms of existing forms of political representation. This first part of a two-part series examines Proudhon’s evolving consideration of royalty from the July Monarchy until his exile in Belgium in 1858. It explores how Proudhon’s ideas about monarchy were impacted by his hostility to French liberal and republican attempts at electoral reform from 1838 until 1848. It then looks at how his assessment of monarchy began to change after his experience of the Second Republic and the latter’s experiment in universal manhood suffrage. For Proudhon, the ill-fated 1848-52 regime showed how democratic voting could contribute to a dangerous Caesarist personalization of state power and facilitate a fluid transition from republic to empire. During the early years of the Second Empire, Proudhon sometimes expressed nostalgia for liberal ideas of constitutional monarchy fashionable during the earlier 1814–48 era. He did not advocate restricting suffrage again like during the pre-1848 period, however.

Who Actually Governs? Gender Inequality and Political Representation in Rural India

Who Actually Governs? Gender Inequality and Political Representation in Rural India

Despair, Hope, And Politics: A Semiotic Analysis Of Online Media Cartoons On The Turkey And Syria Earthquake 2023

The Turkey and Syria earthquake of 2023 caused widespread devastation and loss of life, resulting in widespread despair and hopelessness among the people. In the aftermath of the disaster, social media was flooded with caricatures that sought to represent the political and social realities of the affected regions. This research paper presents a semiotic analysis of online media cartoons using the Barthesian modal to understand the representation of despair, hope, and politics in the context of the Turkey and Syria earthquake of 2023. Through a qualitative analysis of purposively sampled cartoons, this study explores how dominant emotions and political messages are conveyed through visual and textual elements and how they shape public perception of the event. The findings suggest that the cartoons use a range of semiotic modalities, such as images, text, and symbolic representations, to convey political messages about the earthquake and its aftermath. The paper contributes to the growing research on semiotics and visual communication. It highlights the potential of online cartoons as a rich source of social and political insights in the context of the earthquake and how people respond to it.

The politics of interaction and spect-actors in world rescue, eco, and plasticity: a Boalian perspective on digital environmental games

ABSTRACT In this paper, I explore the politics of engagement in environmental games from a political theatre theory perspective. Specifically, I focus on digital environmental games developed with classrooms in mind, and examine player interaction as politicized through the lens of Boalian theatre. To this end, I overview gaming as an intervention tool in the form of serious, environmental games. Next, I introduce the poetics of Boal’s TO, and connect its aim to restore theatre as a popular form of conversation and discussion to the aspiration of digital environmental games to develop an eco-friendly outlook. I build upon a rule-based approach to computer game rhetoric, and analyze how environmental games use rules as a rhetorical tool to create a pro-environmental statement. Lastly, I suggest that players in environmental games are not mere game players but rather ‘spect-actors’.

The farce of the commons? Corporate rights, political wrongs and common-pool resources in English towns, 1835–1870

ABSTRACT The 1832 Reform Act and the 1835 Municipal Corporations Act reconfigured political representation in English towns from a ‘franchise’ system (based on rights of corporate freedom) to a property-based ratepaying electorate. This shift also undermined the rights of freemen to urban common lands and resources, which were linked to pre-existing forms of representation. This issue links directly to debates in economic history about use-rights and the preservation of common-pool resources (CPRs). Supporters of Nobel laureate Elinor Ostrom argue that such common resources could be preserved because this was the most rational economic choice facing their users. Critics have asserted that the fate of such economic resources was dictated by the historically contingent social, economic and political forces within them, not abstract economic rationality. This article assesses these arguments through a micro-study of the commons in the Yorkshire borough of Beverley between 1835 and 1870. New legislation ensured that these lands were managed in line with Ostrom’s principles of transparency and accountability. Despite this, they became entangled in wholesale, organised political corruption, exposed by a detailed Parliamentary enquiry in 1868. The article investigates this contradiction to explore how far ‘institutions’ could remain autonomous within a highly contested political ‘space’.

Kafka’s Drawings and the Social History of Art

This article discusses several of Franz Kafka’s recently published drawings in the estate of Max Brod from the materialist perspective of the social art history of art, reflecting on their ideological possibilities and effective limits. It relates the form and iconography of these drawings to long-standing traditions of political representation and social critique in art history and visual culture, in particular the nineteenth-century image of the barricade and the culture of satirical caricature that flourished in Central Europe at the fin-de-siècle. It situates them within the framework or field of avant-garde practice in Prague, in which Brod was an important figure. It sees in them largely private evidence of Kafka’s interests and ambitions as a largely auto-didactic, idiosyncratic amateur visual artist—a body of work that excited Brod, but failed to resonate in Prague’s modernist artistic culture. While distinguishing these drawings quantitatively, qualitatively, and functionally from the work of contemporaneous professional modern artists, the article nonetheless concludes that Kafka’s drawings can be fruitfully studied as visual expressions of Kafka’s complex class and ethnic background, ideological sympathies and political diffidence, and all-too-hegemonic conception of sex, gender, and artistic creativity.

Does war improve women’s political representation?

An expanding body of scholarly work posits that war, particularly intrastate war, disrupts established power arrangements and social institutions, providing avenues for women to enhance their political influence through reforms in political structures and participation in peace-building processes. Webster, Chen, and Beardsley (2019) systematically explore the nexus between war and women’s political empowerment, demonstrating associations between both interstate and intrastate conflicts and advancements in women’s political empowerment. Extending their analysis, this study investigates the influence of intrastate conflicts on women’s representation in legislative bodies. However, nuanced findings emerge from this analysis. There is no supporting evidence that the occurrence of warfare leads to an increase in women’s legislative representation. Ongoing internal conflicts exhibit a negative impact on the progression of women’s political representation. Conversely, the termination of civil wars, particularly without their prompt resumption, correlates with a higher likelihood of adopting gender quotas, thereby enhancing women’s legislative representation. Furthermore, the correlation between the termination of civil wars and women’s legislative representation appears specific to the context of sub-Saharan Africa. No conclusive evidence supports this relationship as a global phenomenon.

The Effect of Municipal Fiscal Decentralization on Subjective Well Being: The Case of Chile

This research hinges upon the relationship between fiscal decentralization and life satisfaction. It contributes to the field by performing an empirical analysis focused on the case of Chile, by merging the national household survey (CASEN) with municipal level information. This analysis is based on a hierarchical empirical model, in which data from both sources are integrated. Our results show a significant positive effect of municipal level fiscal decentralization on individual subjective well-being. Nonetheless, we also show that said result is contingent upon residents’ political representation, which is in line with the hypothesis that citizens’ oversight of local authorities is a necessary condition for the effect of fiscal decentralization to emerge. From the viewpoint of how fiscally decentralized measures should be implemented in practice, above evidence suggests that said process should be accompanied by the strengthening of local residents’ participation in community relevant matters. Further confirmation of this is presented in this research, by showing that residents’ membership in organized groups further increases individual subjective well-being. JEL Classification: H72, H77, C11.

Modern History and Politics: Women's Political Representation in Iran and Turkey: Demanding a Seat at the Table, by Mona Tajali

Women's Political Representation in Iran and Turkey: Demanding a Seat at the Table, by Mona Tajali. Edinburgh: Edin burgh University Press, 2022. 352 pages. $110 cloth, open access e-book.

Women’s Struggles for Empowerment in Bangladesh

Women have made substantial gains in health, education, and political representation in Bangladesh, which has been led by female prime ministers since 1991. Women play a key role in the garment industry, the country’s main export sector, and entrepreneurial ventures funded by microcredit loans have also boosted women’s empowerment. But entrenched patriarchal norms have pushed back against these changes, limiting women’s mobility, their presence in public spaces, their sexuality, and their reproductive choices.

Women in Politics - A comparative Analysis of Gender Quotas in Different Countries

In order to evaluate the efficacy of gender quotas in boosting women's representation and involvement in politics, this research paper compares the implementation and results of these policies in a number of different nations. Through an analysis of the legal structures, cultural backgrounds, and implementation strategies supporting gender quotas across a range of nations, this research aims to comprehend the disparities in the rates of success in attaining gender parity in political institutions. The study assesses the effects of various quota types (legislated vs. voluntary party quotas) and the influence of both internal and foreign forces on these policies using qualitative and quantitative analysis. Furthermore, the research delves into the opposition and criticism directed towards gender quotas, in addition to their enduring consequences on the political terrain.

The Speech without Doors: A Genre, 1627-1769.

In 1644 George Wither stood outside or without the doors of the House of Commons and delivered a speech to Parliament and the nation simultaneously. Not only did this "print oration" function as a prototype forAreopagitica, A Speech of John Milton [. . .] to the Parliament of England, but it inspired a genre of print pamphlets that would extend well into the eighteenth century. This article identifies and argues for the popular consequences of the genre, detailing its contribution to England's developing structure of political communication and representation.

Visions for a future European way of life

In the wake of a shifting global landscape marked by a resurgence of authoritarianism, this article explores the challenges facing Western democracies. The euphoria of the post-1989 era has given way to self-doubt, with the rise of left- and right-wing populism a symptom and not a cause of the crisis. The lack of a cohesive vision for the future European society is identified as a major contributor to the current underperformance of Western democracies. Four key axes of development are outlined: societal cohesion, reinterpreting the concept of work, (re-)legitimising democratic political representation and unleashing new sources of value creation. The analysis delves into complex issues such as intergenerational justice, multi-ethnic integration and the re-evaluation of work, emphasising the need for a broader understanding of human existence. The article concludes by advocating for a renewed social vision, drawing on the historical insights of Christian Democratic thinking to navigate the challenges posed by the ongoing transformations in Western societies.

디지털 게리맨더링의 편향성 유도가 기본권에 미치는 영향과 입법적 대응방안 연구

Digital gerrymandering refers to the phenomenon of using information technology to artificially manipulate electoral district boundaries to favor a particular party or group. It involves the use of data analysis and information technology to redraw electoral boundaries in a way that results in advantageous outcomes for specific parties or groups. Through digital gerrymandering, it's possible to artificially design the distribution of voters to benefit certain parties or candidates. As a result, this undermines the fairness of elections and induces bias, allowing the votes of certain groups to have disproportionately greater influence compared to others. This process poses several critical threats to the principles and fundamental rights of democracy. First, it violates the principle that every voter's vote should be treated equally. Digital gerrymandering can artificially adjust the value of votes in certain areas, diminishing the influence of some voters while overestimating that of others. Second, it leads to the distortion of political representation. When electoral district boundaries are manipulated, the outcome can differ from the actual will of the voters, resulting in a political representation system that fails to accurately reflect the opinions of some voters. Third, it infringes upon freedom of expression and political diversity. Voters' rights to freely express their political preferences and choose from a variety of political options can be restricted. This study aims to analyze the impact of digital gerrymandering on fundamental rights, especially the right to vote and freedom of expression, and to propose legislative measures to counteract it. It examines how digital technologies can distort the electoral process and specifically how they can infringe upon voters' rights to freely express their will and vote. Additionally, the study explores necessary legislative responses to address these issues, aiming to protect the core values of democracy and ensure the fairness of elections. To achieve this, the study seeks to clarify the concept of digital gerrymandering, illustrate how it can infringe upon fundamental rights through specific examples, and identify concrete legislative measures to ensure transparency and fairness.

O micie rozliczalności wyborczej

The article presents scientific research on certain assumptions concerning electoral accountability and provides conceptual insights. The central hypothesis is to demonstrate the illusory nature of accountability for the exercise of power once the electoral process comes to an end. An analysis is made of the character and epistemic value of electoral accountability as a myth – a creation structuring an image of political reality. The research is supported by empirical evidence from contemporary social studies. The purpose of the article is to show that the concepts of representation and accountability in political relations are mythical constructs; such an insight allows us to better understand the false expectations those constructions lead to. The study takes an international approach and contributes to worldwide deliberations on political representation.

WOMEN IN REPRESENTATIVE BODIES OF POWER IN 2017-2021: A CROSS-NATIONAL ANALYSIS

The paper analyzes similarities and differences in the social portrait of female politicians in the countries of Western, Eastern Europe and North America (Great Britain, Germany, Ireland, Poland, Russia, and USA), as well as the correlation between the state specifics of socio-economic and political spheres and the level of women's representation in politics. A cross-national study of the trajectories of women entering politics was implemented on the basis of the database “Women in representative bodies of power, political parties and activism, 2017-2021” prepared by the research team. The sections of the database help in covering the gender agenda of political parties, the presence or absence of gender quotas at the intra-party or state levels, the representation of women in party bodies and electoral lists for 2017-2021. They also help in providing a detailed portrait of female deputies. Based on the concept of descriptive and substantive representation, the authors identify the key characteristics of the portrait of a female parliamentarian in the selected countries and conclude that parties, in particular their regional branches or youth organizations, are the main channel for recruiting professional female politicians. Activism, despite its visibility in the media, becomes a channel for promotion to parliament for only one in five female parliamentarians in the selected countries. Based on the application of correlation analysis, an assumption is formulated, which needs to be confirmed on a larger sample, that intra-party decisions on gender quotas, rather than state ones, play a more significant role in increasing the representation of women in the party’s faction.

Towards Achieving the Sustainable Development Goal of Gender Equality through Political Participation of Women in Legislative Bodies: an Experience from India

The 5th goal of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (UN-SDG) is aiming at achieving gender equality throughout the globe while encouraging and facilitating the empowerment of women in every corner of legislative bodies. On the broader objective of UN-SDG, India being a signatory has initiated a number of proactive steps to realize this vision. India, since its independence has taken a wider initiative for ensuring the fundamental right to equality in every sphere including equal opportunity in political representation and leadership. The State leaders realized the fact that less number of women is visible in the political leadership position and their representative roles in the decision-making bodies were found negligible as compared to males. Therefore, the paper includes various issues and problems that are acting as hindrances to the goal to be achieved. The paper shall try to provide appropriate recommendations for improving women's leadership skills with a number of policy options

Women in politics: examining their impact on policy development — A comprehensive review

The representation of women in political offices has expanded in every country over the last few decades. Commencing with a historical overview, this review underscores the persistent obstacles and cultural constraints that have hindered women's political engagement. The primary focus is on identifying and dissecting impediments such as ingrained gender prejudices, unequal access to education, and sociocultural constraints. This comprehensive examination explores the crucial role of women in politics and their profound impact on policy formulation. Global attention has increased on gender equity and women's political representation, emphasizing the importance of understanding how women's participation in political decision-making processes influences policy outcomes. The involvement of women in politics, particularly in poorer countries where health and education are priority sectors, has led to improvements in the delivery of public services. The review delves into the political empowerment of women, highlighting the positive social change and role modeling that women in politics can provide in their local areas. Recent studies suggest that the makeup of public expenditure may not necessarily reflect the impact of female representation on legislative debates and specific policy decisions. Female participation has enhanced institutional quality by reducing corruption and yielding benefits for those in positions of responsibility. The review advocates for greater gender diversity in political decision-making by examining obstacles, proposing solutions, and emphasizing the ongoing need for research and advocacy to support and promote the invaluable contributions of women to global policy development.