Political Policy Research Articles

Making the Case for Cosmopolitan Pathways for Canada’s Diversity

This article seeks to develop the argument that it is time for a national roundtable negotiation among Indigenous peoples, the two English and French settler nations, the BIPOC communities and the various immigrant groups to consider the merits of cosmopolitanism as a moral and cultural framework of our interrelated relationships and intercultural encounters in Canada. In an interdependent globalized world that is becoming “superdiverse,” I argue that it is time to shift from the language of “tolerance” of the “Other” to the language of “engagement” with “fellow human beings” guided by the moral and cultural cosmopolitanism for social and global justice, equality and equity, and inclusion through the fulfillment of human rights. The purpose of this public discussion is to urge the Canadian Council of Ministers of Education as well as the federal government to put this question on their agenda for consideration as a new framework for Canada’s educational, social, economic and political policies. This argumentative paper has the potential to benefit policymakers, curriculum designers, educators, and ministries of education across Canada and beyond to consolidate moral and cultural cosmopolitanism as a national and international approach to harmonious human coexistence.

Opposition Movement Against the Umayyad Dynasty's Rule (661-750)

The Umayyad dynasty or better known as the Umayyad dynasty was the first Islamic caliphate after the end of the Khulafaur Rashidin caliphate. The duration of the reign of the Umayyad dynasty lasted from 661 to 750 ruled in the Arabian Peninsula and around the city of Damascus, then its reign in Spain from 756 to 1031 stood as the Caliphate of Cordoba. The term Umayyad dynasty refers to Umayyah bin Abdu Shams great grandfather of Muawiyah bin Abu Sufyan. In the political realm, the term "opposition" is defined as a party that opposes the representative council and opposes and criticizes a political policy of the ruling group. The name opposition is absorbed from the translation of Opposition. So in this article, we will discuss about the groups that intensified the opposition movement against the Umayyad Daulah, these groups include; The Si'ah, Mawali, Sunni, Abbasid groups.

Applications of Long-Memory and Structure Breaks for Carbon Indexes

This paper aims to investigatethe long-memory properties of four carbon indexes by utilizing the autoregressive frictionally integrated moving average–fractionally integrated general autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity models. First, this study discovered a significant long-memory effect for two carbon indexes such as CCX and JOI, whereas others like CER and EUA possess intermediate memory in the returns. Second, the multiple structure breaks in the four carbon indexes were examined using the iterated cumulative sum of squares algorithm. Evidence shows that the sudden shifts are mainly attributed to macroeconomic factors, energy dynamics, and political policies.

Three Discourses of Religious Freedom: How and Why Political Talk about Religious Freedom in Australia has Changed

Since 2015, religious freedom has become a heated and divisive political and public policy issue in Australia. While rarely defined or interrogated, ‘religious freedom’ does not exist as a value-neutral principle with a single meaning. Rather, its discursive constructions are varied and serve to promote certain interests at the expense of others. Offering a new perspective on the politics of religious freedom, this paper draws together four separate studies of the public discourse of religious freedom in Australia (spanning 35 years from 1984 to 2019) to chart how its framing has changed over time and to explore the implications of these changes. This analysis reveals three major discourses of religious freedom emerging over three phases: ‘religious diversity’; ‘balancing rights’; and ‘freedom of belief’. This paper demonstrates how, once used to promote a progressive social agenda, religious freedom has become weaponised by the Christian Right and culture warriors in their battle to entrench in law the ongoing acceptability of discrimination against LGBTIQ+ people.

Sultan's Law and Islamic Sharia in The Ottoman Empire Court: An Analysis of The Existence of Secular Law

This article aims to describe the impact of legal dualism within the Ottoman Empire. After Constantinople was taken over, Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih instituted a significant policy, including issuing laws and regulations for the benefit of society; then, there was also a dualism system within the Ottoman Empire, which was visible during the reign of Sultan Sulaiman I. During this time, foreign nationals were mainly recruited, and foreign traders began to gain impunity at the peak of power. This then prompted several questions, such as were the sultans free to create the laws they wanted, or was Islamic law still binding on them? Was Sultan's law an innovation from the Ottoman Empire or a legacy from the preceding dynasty in the form of Capitulation? To address those issues, the authors conducted a comparative historical analysis of various types of literature. We used a descriptive qualitative approach to Qānūn's position, which served as a springboard for foreign intervention in an Empire that was strong but weak in political policies which occasionally strayed outside the corridor of Islamic Sharia which had become customary and national culture. The tolerance separated from the corridors of Islam derailed during the crisis. This became a springboard for legal dualism in a state body with integrity in various dimensions.Keywords: Sultan's Law, Sharia, Judiciary, Ottoman

Authoritarian leaders, economic hardship, and inequality

ABSTRACT Do political leaders influence the level of economic inequality in authoritarian countries? Building on previous studies on political leaders and authoritarian regimes, we argue that economic inequality is likely to decrease during the tenure of authoritarian leaders with personal experiences of economic hardship. Since authoritarian leaders have greater policy discretion than their democratic counterparts, their policy choices are less constrained by other political actors and institutions. As their material background makes authoritarian leaders more likely to favour introducing redistributive measures, they are expected to use such strategies for political survival, leading to a decrease in economic inequality. We created and analysed a new dataset on political leaders’ socioeconomic backgrounds in authoritarian regimes and found support for our arguments. In line with recent studies on political leaders and policy outcomes, our findings suggest that leaders’ personal experiences of economic hardship greatly affect their policy choices in authoritarian countries.

Does political affiliation impact transport policy debate?: Evidences from social media

AbstractSocial networking sites (SNS) have played an important role in engaging citizens to various policy discussions and debates about government, society and environment. Though SNS platforms empower citizens to express their opinion on important topics, several concerns have been raised by researchers for using SNS as discussion platform for important political, government and environmental policies. SNS platforms may be manipulated by the dominant group and citizen might also display group behaviour on these platforms while expressing their opinions of digital platforms. This study analyses political affiliations’ influence on opinion and content shared by various stakeholders on Twitter. The context of odd‐even driving policy is undertaken using text mining and statistical research methods. This research suggests that political affiliation significantly affects type and characteristics of content shared by SNS users. This study will help policymakers and researchers in better understanding of citizens responses to environmental policies on SNS platforms.

Using the Induced Response Function to Measure and Analyze the Impact of Fiscal Policy Shocks on Some Macroeconomic Variables

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to use the induced response function to measure and analyze the reality of the general budget and the trade balance and the impact of the flexible fiscal policy on some macroeconomic variables. Theoretical framework: The public finances after 2003 in Iraq were oriented towards consumerism, far from the orientations and objectives of economic policy, through the increase in commercial expenditures at the expense of investment expenditures, in contrast to the increase in the volume of imports of goods and services with the dominance of oil exports over the volume of total exports, and these factors Together, they made the flexible fiscal policy unable to achieve its goals, foremost of which is economic stability. Design/methodology/approach: The study starts from the hypothesis. The fiscal policy shocks were deliberately created by the government as part of strategic plans that serve its policy, philosophy, and goals it seeks, or as preventive plans against undesirable events, or may occur within treatment plans in response to certain pressures. To achieve the objectives of the study and to prove or refute the mentioned hypothesis, the research relied on the descriptive analysis method To reach the required results. Depending on the period from 2003 to 2018 (Iraq is a case study). Findings: The shock that was occurring in the financial policy tools were fabricated by the decision-makers to meet the needs of the security side, which was reflected in its shadows on the increase in current spending resulting from the wages and salaries system and allocations directed to the security system to achieve stability and control the security situation, in addition to the political repercussions that increased the level of employment or Operation to achieve other goals. Research, Practical & Social implications: Future studies can look at measuring and analyzing the impact of fiscal policy shocks on macroeconomic variables or their repercussions on economic, social, and political policies. Originality/value: This study contributes to the literature related to fiscal policy by analyzing the results of the impact of financial shocks on some macroeconomic variables, and provides a practical and applied perception of the role played by the fiscal policy methodology in Iraq.

Editorial introduction: Punctuated equilibrium, multiple streams, environmental governance, and many more

Editorial introduction: Punctuated equilibrium, multiple streams, environmental governance, and many more

Contributors

Other| May 01 2023 Contributors Gastronomica (2023) 23 (2): viii–ix. https://doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2023.23.2.viii Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Contributors. Gastronomica 1 May 2023; 23 (2): viii–ix. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2023.23.2.viii Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentGastronomica Search Indira Arumugam is an anthropologist working in Tamil Nadu, South India, and among the Tamil diaspora in Singapore. She is an assistant professor in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at the National University of Singapore. She is working on a forthcoming book titled Visceral Politics: Intimate Imaginaries of Power in South India. Angela Babb is a critical human geographer who strives for food justice through research and activism. Angela is a research scientist at Indiana University’s Ostrom Workshop in Political Theory and Policy Analysis, co-founder and director of the Critical Food Studies Lab, dog and turtle parent, candlemaker, and aspiring farmer. Megan Betz is a local food scholar, activist, and practitioner. She lives and works in Bloomington, Indiana, and is currently CEO/president of Mother Hubbard’s Cupboard, a local community food resource center. Her work and scholarship focus on building community around and shared ownership of our food resources.... You do not currently have access to this content.

MODEL KEBIJAKAN POLITIK PEMERINTAH LOKAL DALAM PENETAPAN ANGGARAN PENDAPATAN DAN BELANJA DAERAH (Studi Pada Lembaga Legislatif Kabupaten Grobogan)

The political policy of the local government in establishing the Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBD), is an Annual Financial Plan (RKT) prepared by the local regional government and jointly approved by the Regional Head (KDH) and the Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD). There are certain obstacles such as the emergence of executive dominance or legislative domination in designing, discussing and approving the APBD. The purpose of this study is to analyze the political policy model of the local government (Grobogan Regency) in determining the APBD. This study uses a qualitative method whose analysis is descriptive. Researchers use naturalistic and normative juridical approaches. The data used are primary and secondary data. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis techniques go through four stages, namely gathering information, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study conclude the political policy model of executive domination that occurred in Grobogan Regency. Facts on the ground show that the political policies implemented by the Grobogan Regency DPRD have the authority to approve the RAPBD determination, as well as the authority to reject the proposed RAPBD through the factions in the DPRD. However, this rejection never occurred during the research period (2021-2022). Even if this can be done when the DPRD has valid data regarding irregularities committed by the Regional Government. This diametrical position and role relationship is because there are legal consequences if the RAPBD is rejected by the DPRD. The legal consequence is that the implementation of government activities in the institution cannot be carried out properly and it will also have fatal consequences for slowed development in its territory. However, in the end, the DPRD, through a plenary meeting, even though it was difficult, had to give approval for the determination of the APBD, which paid little attention to benefits for the community.
 

The British Diplomatic and Political Policy Regarding Balochistan-Punjab Border

Subcontinent had always been an attractive land for the invaders due its fertility during ancient time and the North western India was major route for this invasion. British advancement started after the victory of the battle of Palsy in 1757 and the forces excelled towards Delhi. British forces occupied Sindh and Punjab. With the annexation of united Punjab British abolished Derajat and they even moved to Baluchistan. With new diplomatic strategy they established peace in the tribal area of the surrounding border of Balochistan. As per Sandeman Policy the tribes of Dera Ghazi Khan were engaged by the British policy and now they were in position to occupy Balochistan and Kalat. It was very important for the British to establish their grip in this area so that may become easy and decrease the pressure of western border from Iran, Afghanistan and Russia. This paper primarily explores the British rule in tribal region of Derajat and Balochistan.

Moving beyond Ignorance and Epistemic Violence: Indigenous Health Nurses' Response to Systems Transformation.

Health inequity among Indigenous populations continues to widen despite advances in Indigenous health research. Under Canada's esteemed universal healthcare system, Indigenous populations continue to experience much poorer health outcomes due to the intersectional legacies of colonialism and racism. In this commentary, we reflect on structural, systemic and service delivery racism at all levels of care, which are deeply embedded in historical, political, institutional and socioeconomic policies and practices that continue to perpetuate harm and genocide of Indigenous Peoples. We call for immediate action to re-establishing epistemic justice and reframing Indigenous knowledge systems in nursing practices, policies, research and education as the starting point in counteracting systemic racism.

Media as a Catalyst for Conflict Resolution: Lived Experiences of Selected Private Electronic Media Entities in Zambia

This study looks at the role of media in conflict resolution. We rely on the lived experiences of 22 participants in carefully selected private electronic media firms in Zambia. This study was directed by qualitative technique and a Phenomenology research design based on functional and dysfunctional communication theory. This research proposes media companies engaged in perceived negative media and poor editorial practices, which are notorious for risking and undermining societal peace and harmony. Political propaganda, falsehoods, prejudices, discrimination, and biased media editorial policies were among the negative media behaviors highlighted. Other results included the fact that Zambia's media rules and regulations have been progressing toward media self-regulation under the open access to information statute. It was discovered that major media houses in Zambia have been attempting to tailor their editorial policies in line with the media's posited role of educating, informing, promoting dialogue, and creating meaningful debate on issues that improve public perceptions and interest in peace and conflict resolution. As a result, it is possible to infer that, in the right hands, the media is a panacea for peace and conflict settlement, but in the wrong hands, it is a threat to long-term peace and conflict resolution. Three recommendations were made for the media to act as a catalyst for conflict resolution in Zambia: (i) The Government of Zambia should pass the free access to information bill, which would improve accountability, transparency, and openness. Three recommendations were made for the media to act as a catalyst for conflict resolution in Zambia: (i) The Government of Zambia should pass the free access to information bill, which would improve accountability, transparency, and participation. (ii) The government should secure the safety of media personnel in the course of their duties; and (iii) media organizations and stakeholders should band together to reclaim their place as the fourth estate in peacebuilding.

Building a Framework for a More Inclusive Healthcare System

Objective: With the explosion in the use of telehealth technologies, it is essential to address the challenges in global telehealth inequity in order to create a path to healthcare equality. To this end, this research paper focuses on investigating telehealth as it relates to the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on healthcare inequality, telehealth inequity, and the continued vulnerabilities with increased demand in implementation. Study Design: A set of voluntary questions were e-mailed to active members of the IEEE-SA (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Standards Association) Transforming the Telehealth Paradigm: Sustainable Connectivity, Accessibility, Privacy, and Security for all. The interview answers were analyzed via deductive thematic analysis organized into higher themes and theme-specific codes. Setting: The country of residence varied among individuals who are the IEEE-SA Telehealth program members. These continents included: North America, South America, Africa, Asia, and Europe. Participants: Global healthcare leaders who are active members of the IEEE-SA Transforming the Telehealth Paradigm: Sustainable Connectivity, Accessibility, Privacy, and Security for all participated. The occupations of these individuals ranged from a variety of areas within the healthcare domain, such as physicians, scientists, and public health experts. Main outcome measure: Qualitative data obtained voluntarily from global healthcare leaders participating in the IEEE-SA Transforming the Telehealth Paradigm: Sustainable Connectivity, Accessibility, Privacy, and Security for all. Results: The major themes that emerged from the participants' responses included: telehealth infrastructure and access, digital literacy and user interface, government regulations, and telehealth legislation. Conclusions: Telehealth has the power to decrease healthcare disparities, thus getting closer to achieving health equity. However, there are three significant common global barriers to the implementation of telehealth: infrastructure, digital literacy, and government regulations. Because the results were based on interviewer responses, the conclusions acknowledged how the background of respondents, including career and education, influenced their experiences and, thus, the responses. Suggestions for change in reducing barriers to telehealth accessibility are detailed in this research. These suggestions were derived from respondents and focused on the global barriers to implementation. To reduce these barriers, changes in political health policy, patient health education, health provider telemedicine support, and in regulation for telemedicine are suggested. Limitations in our research project included a small sample size and the ensuing lack of representation from more geographical regions.

Financialized Classification Systems and Public Policy: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Crisis Response

We utilize classification systems research to examine the disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on marginalized communities and the failures of policy makers to adequately respond to those most in need. Classification situations are individual positions within the market, generated via the mass collection and aggregation of individual financial and behavioral data, that are used to categorize people into price-differentiated opportunities. In a financialized economy, where profits are increasingly accumulated through financial channels, thereby entrenching the role of financial institutions and motives at the center of economic activity, one’s classification situation operates to maximize value for shareholders. Importantly, in a neoliberal economy, where the logic of the market is used to guide social and political policy more broadly, classification situations are the mechanism by which individuals are allocated resources, opportunities, hardships, and other socio-political economic outcomes. In this paper we argue that the fiscal and monetary responses to COVID-19 were designed to support financialized interests and, as a consequence, the resources and protections of the state were allocated not to those most at risk but, rather, to those whose classification situation promised a stronger return on investment.

The Thoughts Construction of President Donald Trump in Making Foreign Policy to End the War between the US and Taliban

The war between the US and the Taliban began after the 9/11 attacks in 2001. President Bush immediately sent US military troops to Afghanistan to capture the leader of the Al-Qaeda terrorist group, Osama bin Laden. It is known that President Obama was sheltered by the Taliban in Afghanistan. During the Obama’s administration, bin Laden was successfully killed in 2011. The war between the US and the Taliban will continue until President Trump’s leadership. He considers that the goals of this war have been realized, targeting Al-Qaida leaders and that nothing is profitable for the US in continuing the war. According to Trump’s thinking, in 2020 there will be a peace agreement between the US and the Taliban. To answer this fact, this article will use constructivist theory to explain the construction of Bush's thoughts, the result of which is the United States' political policy towards the war in Afghanistan. Therefore, this journal will discuss the construction of Trump’s thoughts on ending the long war between the US and the Taliban. So that this paper can see how Trump's thought construction can end the war and what the real impact is for the US. From this, it can be concluded that the result of Trump’s thought construction is to protect US citizens and interests in the economic and military fields.

Predicting the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on globalization

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly influenced the global economy, international travel, global supply chains, and how people interact, and subsequently affect globalization in coming years. In order to understand the impact of COVID-19 on globalization and provide potential guidance to policymakers, the present study predicted the globalization level of the world average and 14 specific countries in scenarios with and without COVID-19 based on a new Composite Indicator method which contains 15 indicators. Our results revealed that the world average globalization level is expected to decrease from 2017 to 2025 under the scenario without COVID-19 by −5.99%, while the decrease of globalization under the COVID-19 scenario is predicted to reach −4.76% in 2025. This finding implies that the impact of COVID-19 on globalization will not be as severe as expected in 2025. Nevertheless, the downward trend of globalization without COVID-19 is due to the decline of the Environmental indicators, whereas the decline under the COVID-19 scenario is attributed to Economic aspects (almost −50%). The impact of COVID-19 on globalization varies across individual countries. Among the countries investigated, COVID-19 had a positive impact on the globalization of Japan, Australia, the United States, the Russian Federation, Brazil, India and Togo. In contrast, the globalization in the United Kingdom, Switzerland, Qatar, Egypt, China and Gabon are expected to decrease. The variation of impact induced by COVID-19 on those countries is attributed to the weighting of economic, environmental and political aspects of globalization is different across these countries. Our results can help governments take suitable measures to balance economic, environmental and political policies, which may better support their decision-making.

Politik Hukum Partai Politik dan Pemilihan Umum

According to modern democracies, political parties and elections are institutions that cannot be separated from one another. Each Political Party will always try to gain great popular support during the General Election so that the People's Representative Institution is dominated by the Political Party concerned. General elections are people's parties which are a manifestation of the principle of people's sovereignty, so it is during elections that the people are given freedom in making political choices and attitudes through candidates for people's representatives who are members of Political Parties. The will of the people is the basis of government power. That will be born in periodic and honest elections conducted in general elections and in common with secret voting, by means of free and equal voting. Thus, freedom, honesty, secrecy and equality are essential in the administration of elections. Political, legal, political party and electoral policies in guarding democratization in Indonesia have undergone significant shifts over time. General elections are considered a real form of democracy and the most concrete form of public participation in participating in the administration of the state.

THE DANGERS OF POLITICAL MONEY FOR A CLEAN DEMOCRACY PROCESS UP TO ELECTIONS FOR VILLAGE HEADS, REGIONAL HEADS, LEGISLATIVE ELECTIONS AND GENERAL ELECTIONS IN INDONESIA

Elections for Village Heads, Regional Heads, Legislative Elections and General Elections in Indonesia should be carried out without being coloured by political money fraud, because of the dangers of political money for a clean democratic process ahead of the election of village heads, regional heads, legislative elections and general elections in Indonesia 2024, to achieve that power and victory, they used all kinds of methods. And that power will later be used to recover losses due to money politics. For this reason, Money Politics is considered a serious crime in the world of politics that must be fought and eliminated together. Money politics is the biggest enemy of democracy and is a 'bogey' that is familiar with holding elections in Indonesia. In the implementation of post-reform elections, money politics is a violation that is always in the spotlight. Uniquely, both election participants and the public are both involved in money politics circles. To fight the practice of Political Money Towards the Election of Village Heads, Regional Heads, Legislative Elections and General Elections in Indonesia 2024, the role of true politicians is needed who truly understand that the meaning of politics is the art of managing the country and its goal is to create the common good solely for people's welfare. Politics requires good people in it, who have a comparative advantage in the sense of having competence, and at the same time also have a competitive advantage. This is because goodness in politics needs to be fought for until it is transformed into state political policies. The Dangers of Political Money for a Clean Democratic Process Towards the Election of Village Heads, Regional Heads, Legislative Elections and General Elections in Indonesia 2024 will have long-term impacts, which will harm everyone (society), not only harm society as a whole, it can even harm the country, the nation, with various new problems that might occur due to the practice of this money politics. the impact of money politics can also damage the democratic order in a country, so that if it continues it will create new problems in society and even the state and can damage the mentality of the next generation which will have a labour impact on the welfare of society and the progress of a nation in the future. So that the practice of money politics must be stopped immediately because money politics demeans the people; Money Politics Is a Trap for the People; Money Politics Will Lead to Corruption; Money Politics Kills Society's Transformation.