Political Agenda Research Articles

Rhetorical Persuasion in Sara Duterte’s Basic Education Curriculum Advocacy: A Sociopragmatic Analysis

This study aimed to describe the pragmatic features of Sara Duterte's advocacies regarding the Basic Education Curriculum in the Philippines. The research data, gathered from 2022 to 2023 during Duterte's tenure as Secretary of the Department of Education, included an interview and speeches totaling 5 hours and 16 minutes. Using dimensions of pragmatics, including presupposition (Stalnaker, 1973), implicature (Grice, 1975), felicity conditions (Searle, 1969), and politeness strategies (Brown & Levinson, 1987), the analysis revealed several key findings. The presuppositions identified included learner success and employability, inclusive education, a supportive learning environment, teacher support and development, education system improvement, and learner values and development. Implicatures conveyed messages of resiliency, heroic qualities, perseverance, and involvement beyond education. The illocutionary forces identified were assertives, directives, and commissives, each examined for adherence to the conditions necessary for their validity. Additionally, Duterte strategically employed politeness strategies such as positive politeness, negative politeness, bald-on-record, and off-record strategies. These findings offer a deeper understanding of how political figures strategically use language to shape public opinion and policy agendas, particularly in critical areas such as education. By comprehending the pragmatic underpinnings of political discourse, stakeholders can better discern the intentions and potential impacts of such advocacies, facilitating informed decision-making and societal progress.

Comparing Agenda-Setting Effects for the Issue of Migration Measured with Three Different Indicators of the Public Agenda

Abstract Recent agenda-setting studies have increasingly replaced survey data with readily available, nonreactive data that at first glance might serve as indicators of the public agenda to the same extent: the amount of online search queries regarding an issue and the volume of donations for non-profit organizations that are collecting money for problem solving related to an issue. This raises the question of whether the results of agenda-setting studies depend on which of these indicators is used to measure the public agenda. In this study, we compare the agenda-setting effect of media coverage of migration on the public salience of this issue in Germany between 2015 and 2020 as measured by three different indicators of the public agenda on a monthly basis: survey data, Google Trends data, and fundraising data. Our analyses show significant simultaneous correlations between the media agenda and all three indicators of the public agenda, with a smaller influence of the media agenda on fundraising data than in the other two cases. However, when Granger causality is used to identify causal relationships, a positive influence of the media agenda on the public agenda is only found when the public agenda is measured with survey data.

The The Relationship between the Media Agenda and the Public Agenda on the Electability of Presidential Candidates

Facing the 2024 election, two big figures have emerged who have been nominated as Indonesian presidential candidates for the 202-2029 period, namely Anies Bawesdan from the Nasdem Party and Ganjar Pranowo from PDIP. These two figures then became targets of the media by sharing information and activities carried out. Every report in the mass media is essentially a construction of events by the mass media based on the reality that occurred. The ability to construct this discourse will have a major influence on the opinions, decision making and political attitudes of readers. By understanding the work of media reality construction, people will be wise and appropriate in utilizing any information from the mass media. Solopos.com's media agenda setting regarding the two presidential candidates Anies Bawesdan and Ganjar Pranowo certainly greatly influences the level of electability of readers, especially among FISH Univet Bantara students who were respondents to this research. This research aims to determine the influence of the Solopos.com media agenda setting on the electability level of students in the candidacy of Anies Bawesdan and Ganjar Pranowo in the 2024 election and to analyze the influence of the public agenda on the electability level of students in the candidacy of Anies Bawesdan and Ganjar Pranowo in the 2024 election. The method used is a quantitative research approach. Data collection techniques use questionnaires, observation, documentation. Data is measured using a Linkert scale with a range of 5 options. Statistical analysis uses multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The respondents of this research are students of the Communication Science Study Program, Even Semester, Academic Year 2022-2023. The research results show that there is a relationship between the Solopos.com media agenda and the public agenda regarding the electability of presidential candidates. The political situation leading up to the 2024 election is an important moment for the Solopos.com media which is directly or indirectly participating in branding candidates Anies Bawesdan and Ganjar Pranowo as presidential candidates.

The US Political Agenda in Relation to the Countries of the Eurasian Economic Union: Problems and Contradictions

The US Political Agenda in Relation to the Countries of the Eurasian Economic Union: Problems and Contradictions

Integrated Management of Hazardous Solid Waste in Dental Offices of Talara (Peru) and Machala (Ecuador): A Policy Brief Comparing Two Latin American Countries

Background The improper management of hazardous solid waste in dental care offices poses significant risks to public health and the environment. Dental offices generate hazardous waste, including biological and chemical contaminants, which can lead to infections, pollution, and harm if not managed properly. Effective waste management practices are crucial, yet compliance varies significantly across regions, especially in Latin America, due to limited resources, inadequate training, and insufficient infrastructure. This study compares hazardous waste management practices in dental offices in Talara, Peru, and Machala, Ecuador, to provide actionable recommendations for improvement. Policy and Implications In Peru, hazardous waste management involves critical steps such as conditioning, segregation, transport, storage, treatment, and disposal. Compliance minimizes exposure risks and environmental contamination. Ecuador emphasizes administrative and operational aspects, including policies, records, training, and procedures. Improving practices in both countries can model enhanced waste management across Latin America. Recommendations To address challenges in Talara and similar Latin American cities, it is essential to strengthen administrative systems, increase budget allocations for waste management, and develop comprehensive training programs. Waste management should be prioritized within public policy agendas with clear guidelines and accountability measures. Both cities need improved resource allocation, modern waste treatment facilities, and centralized storage solutions. Continuous education and certification programs are crucial. Implementing integrated policies, regular reviews, and robust compliance mechanisms based on Machala’s practices can benefit other regions. Public awareness campaigns and regional collaboration through workshops and research initiatives are also recommended. Conclusions Significant disparities in hazardous waste management exist between Talara and Machala. Talara requires strengthened systems and improved infrastructure, while Machala’s practices serve as a model. Tailored interventions can enhance public health and environmental outcomes across Latin America. Regular monitoring, evaluation, and collaboration are essential for sustained improvements.

Judicial transformation in a competitive authoritarian regime: Evidence from the Turkish case

AbstractWhat accounts for the variation in the judiciary's ability to serve as a democratic guardrail under populist rule? This article contends that populist governments use judicial activism against their political agenda to portray courts as institutions that curtail popular sovereignty and subsequently adopt a democratizing discourse to conceal their assault on the judiciary. Based on the Turkish case under the rule of the AKP (Justice and Development Party), it explores how the judiciary's democratic deficits provided a legitimation strategy for the ruling party's gradual capture of the courts. During its initial term, the right‐wing populist AKP government faced staunch opposition from high courts aligned with the secular establishment. In response, it strategically used the Turkish Constitutional Court's counter‐majoritarian decisions to legitimize its actions, paving the way for court‐packing and other forms of judicial manipulation through a series of constitutional amendments. These changes set a dangerous precedent for future clashes with the judiciary, hastening the erosion of Turkish democracy and the subsequent shift toward a competitive authoritarian regime.

New Zealand's world-first smokefree legislation 'goes up in smoke': A setback in ending the tobacco epidemic

For several decades, Aotearoa New Zealand has maintained a relatively strict regulatory approach towards tobacco. In response to the significant impact of tobacco-related illnesses, many countries worldwide have worked to enhance tobacco control measures. These efforts include introducing plain tobacco packaging with graphic health warnings, improving access to smoking cessation services and offering supportive treatments for tobacco dependence. In December 2022, New Zealand enacted world-leading tobacco control legislation aimed at leading the nation towards a 'smokefree' future by 2025, a future where the smoking prevalence falls below 5 percent across all population groups. To achieve this goal, revolutionary measures were needed. These measures included denicotinising cigarettes, reducing the number of tobacco retail outlets, and implementing a generational ban on smoked products. Despite receiving support from academics, clinicians, leaders of local indigenous communities, and the general public, the sixth National-led coalition government remained resolute in repealing the law and did so through parliamentary urgency on 27 February 2024. The reversal of this health policy is anticipated to result in thousands of lives lost and widen life expectancy gaps between indigenous and non-indigenous populations. This decision, driven by political agenda objectives and interference from the tobacco industry, has not only impeded New Zealand's progress but also weakened global efforts in tobacco control.

Reproductive attitudes and family values of modern student youth (based on the author's sociological research)

In the context of current trends in the political agenda of Russia aimed at strengthening traditional values, supporting large families and birth rate, it seems necessary to analyze the current marital, family and reproductive attitudes of modern youth. Based on a questionnaire survey of students, data were obtained on the attitude of young people to marriage and family, desire and intentions to have children and preferred family models.

The Spoken and “Unspoken” Political Agenda in the Virtual Space of Russian Muslims

ABSTRACT The article is devoted to the analysis of Russian Muslims’ communications in social networks. I show a unique mode of interdependence of online and offline, which takes shape in the special context of the dominant discourse of traditional Islam and the securitization of Islamic activism. The construction of “right” and “wrong” Islam determines the special structure of media consumption of Russian Muslims and the content of the political agenda. In addition to verbalized political agendas, I describe the phenomenon of an “unspoken” political agenda hidden beyond religious messages and identified precisely only through background by actors transmitting it.

Digitalization for family documents: Improving awareness of digital archives using Google Drive for facing industry 4.0

It is necessary to understand digital-based family document management through training activities provided to the women's community in Sukodono-Sidoarjo. The aim of this program is to increase awareness of digital-based family document management in the era of technology 4.0 by providing lectures and practice of digital family archiving using Google Drive to mothers who have direct contact with managing documents in the family. This Community Service adopts experimental research with a quasi-experiment model, one group pretest-posttest design, where the level of success of the program can be seen from the increase in the training participants' abilities as shown by the results of the N-Gain Test calculation through Pretest and Posttest, affective scores, and psychomotor scores each participant. The results show that the digital-based family document management training agenda using Google Drive was effectively implemented by all participants based on the cognitive, affective and psychomotor aspects of this training. The effectiveness of this training has implications for increasing public awareness of digital archives for family documents owned by all participants, where this awareness is aimed at the use of digital public services in Sidoarjo. The use of the digital public service agenda promoted by the Government is an effort to increase SDGS 9 achievements in the indicator of the proportion of the population served by mobile broadband. Thus, the better prepared the community is to support digital public services, the higher the SDGs 9 score in a region/region.

La felicidad social como fundamento en el diseño de políticas públicas :Una revisión sistemática

This paper examines the literature on social happiness as a basis for designing public policies. The systematic review initiated with a Scopus search using Boolean criteria, covering the period from 2013 to 2023. 49 out of 943 articles were selected through inclusion and exclusion criteria using RAYYAN software for data management and extraction, and the PRISMA model as a guide to ensure the replicability of the research. The descriptive findings reveal that most publications are from Latin America, showing a consistent increase in scientific output over the years, with 2021 being the peak year for related publications. This paper identifies debates on the viability of using happiness as a foundation in public policy design, importance of impact evaluation, and experimental methods. The document categorizes the macroeconomic, institutional and governmental, sociodemographic, psychological, and environmental and sustainability variables that interrelate with happiness, including factors such as income, economic stability, wealth distribution, state intervention, among other relevant factors. The literature reveals gaps, such as the lack of a universally accepted definition of social happiness and a shortage of longitudinal and experimental studies. Recommendations include a multidimensional approach, consideration of cultural and socioeconomic context, use of experimental methodologies, citizen participation, and incorporating happiness into the political agenda. Final reflections underscore transformative potential of integrating subjective well-being into the government agenda and the associated challenges, such as resistance to change and the lack of consensus on how to define and measure social happiness.

Constructive Challenges in the Water Supply to Cities, from Roman Times to Modern Times. Some Reflections Based on the Portuguese Reality

ABSTRACT Water, as an essential element for life, has always been present in the daily lives of societies. In the case of urban agglomerations, the quantities of water needed to supply them have in some cases been extremely challenging for human abilities, not only in terms of collecting it, but also in terms of transporting it and distributing it for final consumption by the population. Today, the lack of water continues to be a concern, taking centre stage in the global political agenda and in the UN’s 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. Convinced that the lessons of history can help minimise the harmful effects of climate change, the aim of this work is to analyse some of the constructive and architectural solutions found by past societies to obtain water, from which we can learn to preserve and value this important resource. Our approach will focus on analysing cases that refer mainly to the urban landscapes of Portuguese territory, as it is a territory that, in addition to having an occupational history that dates back to ancient prehistory, is characterised by a diversity of river basins and a relief that presents a great variety of forms, but which has nevertheless historically faced various challenges related to the supply of water to its urban centres. Likewise, in order to be able to attest to the fact that the lack of water was a common shortage in the overwhelming majority of urban societies in the past, we will chronologically base our approach between Roman times and the Modern Age, necessarily taking into account the different historical and cultural contexts of the examples presented, as well as the water resources they had, which is why we have structured our presentation in three parts. The first is dedicated to water supply requirements in roman cities, the second to the analysis of continuities and ruptures in the supply of water to the medieval city and third to the main challenges facing modern cities in the field of hydraulic construction. Finally, in the concluding remarks we reflect on the different solutions found, but also on the changes that have occurred in construction solutions, their diffusion and/or rehabilitation throughout history.

Psychological dimensions associated with youth engagement in climate change issues: a person-centered approach

Climate change is one of the greatest global threats that has ecological, economic, social, and psychological consequences. Nowadays, young people are the target of political agenda since they represent potential future policymakers. Consequently, it is crucial to identify the psychological features that contribute to engagement of young people in climate change issue. This study aimed at identifying and describing different configurations of youth perceiving and experiencing climate change. A sample of 224 participants (61% females; Mage = 21.04, SD = 1.65) were involved in study. From a cluster analysis emerged three distinct profiles, Eco-Disengaged, Eco-Engaged/Oriented and Eco-Engaged/Disoriented, which differ in levels of climate change awareness, worry and anxiety. Findings suggest that institutions might develop green education programs based on young people’s individual differences.

Overview Indonesia Tax Ratio in According to Political Agenda and Comparison with Another Country

This research was conducted to find out strategies for increasing the tax ratio in Indonesia. The background to this research is that Indonesia has the largest GDP (Gross Domestic Product) in the ASEAN countries, but based on data from the tax ratio of OECD countries, in 2020 tax ratio in Indonesia has decreased from the previous year. The tax ratio in Indonesia in 2019 was 11.59%, while in 2020 it was 10.07%. One of the causes of this is that not all elements of state revenue are included as tax revenue, such as regional taxes.The tax ratio trend in the two governments of the SBY and Jokowi eras tends to decline. The tax ratio achieved in the SBY era was recorded at 13%, while in the Jokowi era it only reached 10.39%. What about the tax ratio agenda in the latest political era in Indonesia and other countries

Multi-Task AI-driven undetermined blind source identification for modal identification of large scale structures

The effective management of aging infrastructure represents a critical concern globally, exerting profound socio-economic influences and occupying a prominent position on the political agenda. The escalating occurrences of catastrophic collapses in recent years underscore the pressing requirement for efficient Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) strategies. These strategies play a pivotal role in aiding decision-making processes related to prioritizing interventions and rehabilitation efforts. Among SHM systems, those utilizing Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) through vibration-based techniques have gained popularity due to their non-destructive nature, comprehensive damage assessment capabilities, and relative ease of automation. Despite their advantages, current OMA methods encounter significant scalability challenges, primarily attributable to extensive computational demands and the necessity for substantial expert involvement. In this context, recent advancements in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) present a promising solution to address these scalability issues, opening the door for the development of next-generation SHM systems. This study introduces an innovative Multitask Learning Deep Neural Network (MTL-DNN) model designed for rapid and automated blind source modal identification of structures. Integrating the concepts of undetermined second-order blind source identification (SOBI) into the architecture of the network, the proposed model can reveal the independent modal components present in the raw response acceleration data with minimum computational burden. The presented results demonstrate the quasi-instantaneous modal identification capabilities of the proposed architecture, enabling the estimation of more components than the number of sensors.

Making room for affordable housing: Project-based negotiations between planning authorities and landowners in Dutch and Swiss densification

The emerging objective to combat urban sprawl has put densification on the political agenda. Simultaneously, the complexity of planning within the existing built environment means that planning increasingly occurs on the project level. Project-based negotiations between planning authorities and landowners, in which agreements between parties are formalized in negotiated land use plans or private law contracts, thus shape the outcomes of densification projects. Considering the potential adverse effects of densification on housing affordability, it is important to understand how this shift towards project-based negotiations affects the ability of planners to secure public benefits such as affordable housing in redevelopment projects. This study uses a neo-institutional framework to analyze the negotiations between landowners and planning authorities and illuminates under which conditions affordable housing is provided. Case studies of six projects in two larger-scale redevelopment areas in the cities of Bern (Switzerland) and Nieuwegein (Netherlands) show this ability is highly dependent on (1) the existence of binding affordable housing targets, (2) landownership by non-profit actors, and (3) the direct involvement of citizens. The cases show a distinction between different types of project negotiations. In the Netherlands, contract-based negotiations can lead to the dilution of affordability targets, while in Switzerland, these targets are implemented more consistently through negotiated land use plans. The findings indicate that a project-based approach to planning may speed up the implementation of densification objectives but comes at the cost of democratic accountability. Instead, to ensure the social sustainability of urban densification projects, the scope of negotiations between planners and developers needs to move beyond cost-benefit considerations to include a broader range of public interests.

Democratization, Local Government and Political Parties during the Allied Occupation of Southern Italy after 1943

The article seeks to cast doubt on the prevailing notion that regards the Allied occupation of (Southern) Italy as a harbinger of democracy by examining it from a local, decidedly bottom-up analytical perspective. I argue that the Allies disfavored the formation of political parties and the expression of political thought, even though ‘you can't have a democracy without political parties’, as the Italian-American Charles Poletti, one of the principal American civil affairs officers (CAO) organizing the occupation on-site, phrased it. This was particularly true during the first phase of the occupation, when military priorities reigned supreme. However, even at a later point, after the CAOs had theoretically assumed the role of an external supervising authority, a deep distrust of the country's political parties informed much of the Allies’ attitudes. Rather than serving as a foundational layer for democracy, the Allies perceived the country's political parties as a threat to democratization insofar as these were believed to obstruct the former's political and economic agendas. Such antagonisms between occupier and occupied, of course, especially applied to Italy's largest and most well-organized party during the period of the Allied occupation – the Partito Comunista Italiano (PCI).

Masculinidad y políticas públicas: la organización de una agenda en México

The main purpose of this communication is to identify, to describe the process of building a public policy agenda that involves men in the construction of equality with women, and to recognize the perception of those who participated in it. It conceived the process as an organization with its own dynamics. A descriptive research about ethnographic approach involved recovery of documentary information of the process, interviews with participants in the construction of the agenda and a workshop. Results are presented in a timeline involved papers to prepare work meetings; profiles of potential participants were identified, the work to be developed was outlined and the respective call for in-person and virtual meetings was issued. Participants in the work meetings discussed contents of the agenda and political impact, the requirements to continue the process and the formation of specialized working groups. Elements such as uncertainty, the breaking of agreements and their fixed, the (mis)knowledge of what public policy among others, intervened in the process. As a conclusion, the lessons that emerge from this process are noted.

Revolts and Political Regimes: The Enduring Perils to Established Political Orders

This paper delves into the profound impact of societal uprisings, fueled by a complex interplay of politico-economic factors, in reshaping or toppling political regimes. It becomes apparent that violent opposition to a regime often arises from the calculated maneuvers of dominant political elites, who adeptly wield various tools to stoke a fervent desire for political liberty among the populace, challenging the existing order. This phenomenon was starkly evident during the oppressive reign of Siyad Barre, where segments of Somali society were mobilized from grassroots levels, driven by a collective yearning to break free from the shackles of tyranny and repression. The revolts of that era shared a common goal: either dismantling the dictatorial machinery or compelling its abandonment, while simultaneously advocating for the establishment of a democratic system that would empower individuals to exercise their constitutionally guaranteed rights. However, even in the absence of overt repression, revolts against entrenched systems often persist, driven by underlying political agendas that could potentially be pursued through non-violent means. This paper further examines a recent uprising in Somaliland, drawing parallels from historical revolts witnessed during Siyad Barre's regime, where power consolidation and fear tactics were employed to maintain control. These uprisings typically unfold under the orchestration of political elites who have played pivotal roles in Somalia's political landscape since the early 1980s. During this period, certain Somali politicians defected from the Siyad government, rallying their constituents for armed resistance against dictatorial rule. While the circumstances surrounding these revolts may vary, they share commonalities that warrant thorough exploration. However, it's essential to note the diverse motives driving each uprising. Some seek to completely withdraw from the existing system, while others aim to force reforms or remove those in power altogether.

Media Influence on Youth Health Awareness amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comprehensive Study on the Role of Public Service Announcements and TV News

This study investigates the role of Public Service Announcements (PSAs) and News on TV in creating COVID-19-related health awareness among Pakistani youth. Guided by the agenda-setting theory, the research explores how electronic media coverage adopted media, public, and policy agenda stages in disseminating health precautionary measures during the pandemic outbreak. An online survey was conducted using a questionnaire tool of 32 items with Cronbach's alpha value (α = 0.922). One sample t-test, correlation, and frequency distribution were applied to compare the mean values and to observe the relation between independent and dependent variables of the selected sample of youth (N=436), living in Lahore including both males and females under the age of 18 to 32 years old. Results have shown that government-led PSAs significantly improve youth awareness and knowledge about COVID-19, combating misinformation. Moreover, findings support youth reliance on PSAs and a positive response to vaccination against COVID-19.