Policy Autonomy Research Articles

The Winding Road to Return to the Beauty of Indonesian Multiculturalism: A Discourse Analysis of ‘Back to Nagari’ in the Regional Autonomy Policy in West Sumatra

The plurality of Indonesia with more than 600 ethnics is a great wealth but has not been adequately rewarded. Various political, legal, and socio-cultural events have resulted in the degradation of diversity from a colorful mosaic to a blur. This article analyzes the discourse of ‘return to nagari’ based on texts of national commitments and policies on decentralization, West Sumatra’s local policies on the lowest government ‘nagari’, and public responses on them. The methods had been used are literature study and field research, which are analyzed based on the technique of discourse analysis which included text, context, and social practice. The findings are the policy on decentralization is still inconsistent, and the construction of the regional government’s policy based on local culture has not been ideal and operational formulated yet. In fact, it is not easy to return to indigenous culture as roots the Beauty of Indonesia’s Multiculturalism. This finding reflects the critical implication of the discursive practice that shows the awareness of actor’s membership in their culture that leads them to make clear cultural-political attitudes in relation to the state. The position of their cultural traditions is threatened and our position is to mobilize them to revive, maintain, keep, consolidate and revitalize their cultural identity.

Analisis Implementasi Otonomi Daerah dalam Bidang Pendidikan

Educational autonomy is intended as the granting of several authorities in management education to the regions, without neglecting the authority of the Center and national standardization. The added value of educational autonomy can be seen from the independence of human resources in the regions in managing education, local people can feel the results of development education in the area in accordance with the needs and conditions of the region. that negative effect may be a minus value for the possible implementation of educational autonomy the occurrence of regional arrogance, which is caused by the striking differences between the various regions which exists. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of regional autonomy in terms of education. This research method was carried out through a qualitative approach using library research methods with data sources referring to literature data. The results of the study show that the local government has implemented regional autonomy in the field of education in accordance with the mandate of the law, but in the field process there are still many obstacles that need to be corrected, irregularities in its realization are things that must be considered. be watched out for, so that the realization of community participation in developing the country through educational institutions also needs to be monitored and evaluated, to look for the advantages and disadvantages. In addition, the implementation of the regional autonomy policy still requires improvement to achieve the expected aims and objectives.

Fiscal decentralization and human development index: examining the moderating effect of capital spending in Bali

Human Development Index is one of the indicators that can be used to measure the success or performance of a country or region in human development. In 2022, Bali Province was one of the provinces with a "high" HDI achievement but is still faced with a gap in the HDI achievement rate between each region in Bali Province. The gap in the HDI achievement rate of each region in Bali Province indicates that the fiscal decentralization process in the regional autonomy policy has not been able to run optimally. This research examines the effect of fiscal decentralization on the human development index of regencies/municipalities in Bali Province using capital expenditure as a moderating variable to explain contingency factors that are thought to influence the effect of fiscal decentralization on the human development index. Using data on HDI achievement and realization of regional revenue and expenditure budgets of Bali Province for the period 2014-2019. The analysis technique used is Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) with SPSS application. The results prove that partial fiscal decentralization has a significant positive effect on the human development index. Capital expenditure is able to weaken the positive effect of fiscal decentralization on the human development index. When a region has good regional financial independence, the local government will be able to manage its regional income in order to improve and improve public services, which will ultimately be able to improve the welfare of the community.

Ethnic Mobility and the Formation of Political Identity in Indonesia

Indonesia is an archipelagic country that has many tribes and cultures, which make Indonesia a multi-cultural country. There are 5 religions recognized in Indonesia based on the Law of the Republic of Indonesia, namely: Islam, Christianity, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Confucianism. This research is related to ethnic mobility and the formation of political identity in Indonesia which is currently very interesting to be discussed by various researchers around the world, not only in Indonesia. In this study, researcher discuss ethnic mobility and the formation of political identity based on history that has occurred in Indonesia to date. The Indonesian nation Indonesia adheres to the Pancasila ideology so that the national ideology has a major influence on the unity and integrity of the nation. In this study, researcher also examined the ideological values of Pancasila and the nation's unifying motto called Bhinneka Tunggal Ika. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach in which the researcher conducts a descriptive elaboration of ethnic mobility and the formation of political identity in Indonesia and ethnic participation in political parties in Indonesia. The results of the study show that in the past there were still many Indonesian people who considered themselves local residents and were reluctant to accept other ethnic groups to occupy certain positions in an area, including political positions. The separatist movement that emerged in an area due to the inequality of one region with another, such as the islands of Java and Sumatra, had caused inter-ethnic conflict and many people were anti-Chinese in the 90s. However, currently, Indonesia has provided space for various tribes and religions to be involved in political development in Indonesia based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. Indonesia as a multiethnic country has upheld democratic freedoms for all nations and provided regional autonomy policies for each region in order to improve public welfare.

UNIVERSITY AUTONOMY POLICY IN HUMAN RESOURCES: CASE STUDY IN VIETNAM

University autonomy in the field of human resources is a matter of concern in policy as well as higher educational thinking in Vietnam. Currently, there are more than 20 Vietnamese universities conducting autonomy in terms of human resources according to the state's university autonomy policy. In fact, the understanding, implementation and application of this policy in the educational environment of each university is different, so the positive or negative changes at more than 20 universities are also quite diverse, creating cognitive obstacles for policy makers. The article approaches from the perspective of public policy to analyze the actual implementation and actual changes of 23 universities when conducting autonomy in the field of human resources, in order to provide an overview of this issue and offers several policy implications for Vietnam.

Regional Autonomy and Poverty in Indonesia: A Literature Review

This study aims to determine the impact of regional autonomy policies on poverty in Indonesia. This study uses the literature review research method which is a very appropriate method used in articles related to regional autonomy and poverty in Indonesia. This is because this method can assist in obtaining a more comprehensive understanding of the concept of regional autonomy and poverty, including theories, concepts and research results related to the topic of regional autonomy and poverty. The results of this study are that regional autonomy has the potential to reduce poverty in Indonesia, especially through improving public services and economic opportunities for people at the local level. However, the successful implementation of the regional autonomy policy in reducing poverty in Indonesia still depends on factors such as the quality of human resources, the availability of financial and technological resources, and an effective governance system. In implementing regional autonomy to reduce poverty.

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SPECIAL AUTONOMY BUDGET POLICY IN THE FIELD OF EDUCATION IN WEST PAPUA PROVINCE

Policy autonomy special exists from decentralization in Indonesia. Enactment autonomy special for Papua is expected to bring change from side development, enhancement level life public original Papua or so-called OAP, and respect to native rights Papua (OAP) as well as overcome various problems the conflict that occurred. Autonomy special for Papua is regulated in Law Number 21 of 2001 to 2020 or for 20 years, Change second arranged in Law Number 2 of 2021. Education for Indigenous Papuans (OAP) is one regulated aspect of Constitution autonomy specifically Papua as well derivatives. Objective Study This is To know the implementation of autonomy fund policy particularly in the field of Education in West Papua Province, factor inhibitors and supports as well as efforts made to overcome problems that occur. The method research used is descriptive-qualitative. Data collection techniques are carried out with collect data secondary and primary. Whereas technique analysis of research data This uses Edward III's theory where there are four internal variables see implementation wisdom budget autonomy specifically in the field of Education of West Papua Province. Research results based on four internal variables of Edward III's theory ie communication, resources, disposition, and structure bureaucracy show implementation budget autonomy specifically in the field of West Papua Education yet walk with ok. Still, their factors inhibit the implementation of budget autonomy specifically in the field of Education, p This can see from areas that haven't touched development in the field of Education accordingly to the mandate of the autonomy law, especially Papuans.

Academic Staffs’ Participation in University Governance Towards Autonomy: Practice at Two University Models in Vietnam

Vietnamese universities are now in a state of “diverse governing bodies” and the Ministry of Education and Training is responsible for their expertise. This model can cause overlapping or loosened management by many agencies simultaneously managing. Vietnamese universities need to promote autonomy and accountability in management. This study was conducted in 2018-2019 with 322 lecturers and educational managers working at two Vietnamese public universities governed by different autonomy policies. This research analyses the academic staff’ s participation in university governance toward autonomy. The research results show that (i) there is no difference between the two universities in the level of participation in governance activities; (ii) The academic staff’ s participation levels are positively correlated from low to moderate levels according to the effectiveness of participating in activities; (iii) The higher the participation level, the higher the scientific research results are for domestic publication. However, it is not a significant case for international publication.

A Study of Post-Cold War German Policy Towards the Iranian Nuclear Issue

Germany has been an important participant in the resolution of the Iranian nuclear issue, and the evolution of the Iranian nuclear crisis has become a major event in the international community at the beginning of the 21st century. The U.S. pursued unilateralism and hegemony, advocating unilateral sanctions and coercive means to solve the problem, while the EU, led by Germany, adhered to multilateralism and advocated a peaceful solution through negotiations and other means. After Merkel came to power, she promptly adjusted her policy towards the U.S., made the U.S. accept the EU proposal, shaped Germany into a role that is bold to challenge and take responsibility in the face of crises, pushed the UN Security Council to reach multilateral sanctions and comprehensive EU sanctions against Iran, and finally reached the Iran nuclear deal. This journey fully demonstrates Germany’s pursuit of foreign policy autonomy in the post-Cold War era, balancing the two pillars of foreign policy towards Europe and the U.S. in pursuit of its own interests.

Two-decade decentralization and recognition of customary forest rights: Cases from special autonomy policy in West Papua, Indonesia

Formally framed as Special Autonomy, the local governments in Papua Provinces have since 2001 been granted substantial authorities, greater than other provinces in Indonesia, to determine the direction of local development. The Special Autonomy was trusted to serve the interests and rights of native Papuans in using their rich natural resources, including forests. For the native Papuans, claims over forests are framed within the context of Tanah Adat or Ulayat (customary land). Analyzing the case of West Papua, this paper asks why hasn't decentralization facilitated formal recognition of customary forests in the province. To answer the question, we conducted reviews of policies and regulations, interviews with government officials (at central, provincial, and regency levels), non-government organizations, leaders & members of customary groups, and direct observation. We found the interplay of explaining factors through our research. First, at the national level, the decentralization policy had not been followed with forest regulatory frameworks supporting it. Forest laws and regulations continued to emphasize the unified legal framework for maintaining (central) state control over forest resources. Second, in implementing the Special Autonomy policy, the local governments at the provincial and regency levels were more focused on other development agendas. They limitedly made recognition of customary forest claims as a policy priority. Drawing from three pilot projects of the recognition of customary forests, support from the local governments for the recognition of customary forests were limited despite normative promises. The Special Autonomy ended in 2021 and it is clear that it has not been used optimally as an avenue to facilitate customary forest claims. Hence, our research raises a question about the future trajectory of customary forests in the province.

Analisa Faktor Penyebab Kegagalan Sister Cities di Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the failure of cooperation sister city. This research focuses on cooperation sister cities carried out by several local governments, which leads to the unsuccessful achievement of cooperation or even failure. The complexity of issues in international relations facilitates the emergence of local actors who play a role in foreign relations activities. The emergence of this sub-state actor is one of the impacts of a country's decentralization and regional autonomy policies so that the regions can participate in foreign relations. This study uses qualitative research methods through a literature review. In analyzing qualitative data, the author uses software, computer namely vosviewer. This study uses 20 journals from various cities in Indonesia that discuss the failure of sister cities. This study concludes that not all collaborations can run smoothly or as agreed. The failure occurred due to two factors, namely internal and external factors. The internal factors that occurred were the lack of communication between the two cities and the absence of significant results related to cooperation, then several external factors that occurred, such as changes in policies of the two regions, then policies at the global level impact on the state and influence local government policies.

Role of learner autonomy in intrinsic motivation in EFL writing

The researchers investigated students’ perceptions of various autonomous and nonautonomous activities in the writing class through the semester to examine the relationship between two concepts: autonomy and intrinsic motivation. The sample of this study included twenty university students, who were taught by researchers for the whole semester. This article investigated if and to what degree students' intrinsic motivation and satisfaction with these activities were affected by the independent variables of autonomy and non-autonomy. This study aimed to reveal any potential links between learner autonomy (LA) and academic performance in students’ EFL writing classes. A paired sample t-test was used to evaluate whether the differences between the resultant pairs of student perceptions are statistically significant. This study found that students’ perceptions of autonomous activities are positive. Besides, autonomous activities helped their performance in such EFL writing contexts. Based on the results of the present study, it is strongly recommended that instructors, curriculum designers, and policymakers incorporate autonomous activities in the teaching process in EFL writing classes. Consequently, students can have an active rather than passive role in EFL writing classroom, where they can effectively contribute to developing the syllabus and curriculum, and thus their intrinsic motivation can be increased and their academic performance in turn can improve (as this motivation develops a sense of ownership and responsibility in students). The findings offer important insights into the necessity of implementing autonomous policies in such EFL writing contexts where traditional methods are still the predominant mode of teaching.

Research on Factors Affecting Scientific Research Activities of Lecturers at Vietnam National University, Hanoi in the Context of University Autonomy

This research aims to assess the factors affecting the scientific research activities of lecturers currently working at Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU) in the context of university autonomy implementation. Despite several challenges in lecturers’ scientific research activities (such as high pressure due to research requirements or lower research costs), university autonomy also creates certain advantages such as better research support policies or implementation of more academic autonomy policies. The research used partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) to analyse the collected data by assessing the measurement models and structural models. The research findings showed that the scientific research activities of VNU lecturers are affected by five factors, among which two factors, Scientific research experience and skills, and Scientific research motivation, have a direct influence in the same manner. The other three factors with indirect influence, in the same manner, included Procedures and funding for scientific research, Research collaboration, Attitude, and awareness of the importance of scientific research. Such research findings can act as references for VNU leaders in making and implementing science and technology development policies in line with the university’s situation in the current period to further improve the efficiency of scientific research activities of its lecturers, contributing to the enhancement in the training quality and reputation of VNU.

Policy Reformulation Action-Cycle Framework (PRACYF): A Case Study Decentralization and Regional Autonomy Policy in North Sumatra Province

Decentralization and regional autonomy (DRA) policies have been implemented in Indonesia for 25 years. However, regional independence is still very low in 33 regions/cities in North Sumatra (North Sumatra) because the local revenue (PAD) is much smaller than the regional income and expenditure budget (APBD). The aim of this study is to analyze this phenomenon and find a conceptual framework for reformulating DRA policies. The research method uses mixed methods. The results of the analysis show that 88.49% of the regions are still dependent on transfer funds from the central government, so the nature of autonomy, namely the independence of autonomous regions, is still far from expectations. In the long run, it is important to reformulate policies through the Policy Reformulation Action-Cycle Framework (PRACYF). Theoretically, PRACYF has conceptual implications for the development of public policy and DRA, while in practice it can have implications for increasing the independence of autonomous regions and the welfare of the people in the regions.

Central bank digital currency competition and the impossible trinity

It has been established that in a standard two-country asset pricing model the usage of a privately-issued crypto-asset as a global means of payment leads to the enforced synchronization of nominal interest rates, and hence to a loss of monetary policy autonomy. This paper uses the same framework to show that an identical result obtains in a world in which central banks issue digital currencies (CBDC) to be used abroad. I then integrate the asset pricing conditions into a fully-specified dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model to qualitatively study how shocks are transmitted across borders. In the baseline case, shock transmission is symmetric, whereas it is asymmetric if only one country issues international CBDC or crypto-assets are tied to one currency (stablecoin). I discuss policy implications for the ongoing debate on international aspects of CBDC.

Implementation of Special Autonomy Policy In The Health Sector In Wondama Bay Regency West Papua Province

The degree of public health and health services has not shown results that are in line with the objectives of the special autonomy policy. The data shows that the infant mortality rate (IMR) is still high and the maternal mortality rate is still high. The aim of the research is to analyze and explain the implementation of the autonomy policy, especially in the health sector, the influencing factors and to formulate a new model regarding the implementation of the special autonomy policy in the health sector in Wondama Bay Regency, West Papua Province. This research uses implementation policy theory put forward by Grindle which consists of content policy and implementation context policy. The research approach used in this research is a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. Data collection techniques were carried out by interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis techniques used were data reduction and conclusion. The results of the study show that the implementation of the special autonomy policy in the health sector is not optimal, thus it needs to involve many components (authority, affairs, finance, resources, attitude of implementers, community participation and so on). The "NUNAKI" Policy Implementation Model is a construction of research results consisting of three elements, namely: commitment, communication and collaboration. The implementation of the "NUNAKI" model requires five basic prerequisites, namely: regional authority, regional institutions, state finances, local government politics and the effectiveness of coordination, guidance and supervision.

Implementation of Special Autonomy Policy In The Health Sector In Wondama Bay Regency West Papua Province

The degree of public health and health services has not shown results that are in line with the objectives of the special autonomy policy. The data shows that the infant mortality rate (IMR) is still high and the maternal mortality rate is still high. The aim of the research is to analyze and explain the implementation of the autonomy policy, especially in the health sector, the influencing factors and to formulate a new model regarding the implementation of the special autonomy policy in the health sector in Wondama Bay Regency, West Papua Province. This research uses implementation policy theory put forward by Grindle which consists of content policy and implementation context policy. The research approach used in this research is a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. Data collection techniques were carried out by interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis techniques used were data reduction and conclusion. The results of the study show that the implementation of the special autonomy policy in the health sector is not optimal, thus it needs to involve many components (authority, affairs, finance, resources, attitude of implementers, community participation and so on). The "NUNAKI" Policy Implementation Model is a construction of research results consisting of three elements, namely: commitment, communication and collaboration. The implementation of the "NUNAKI" model requires five basic prerequisites, namely: regional authority, regional institutions, state finances, local government politics and the effectiveness of coordination, guidance and supervision.

House Price Prediction using Multiple Linear Regression and KNN

The transition of BPHTB management from central taxes to regional taxes is a continuation of the regional autonomy policy. The difference between the market value and the prevailing NJOP poses a challenge for the Sintang District Government in determining the Tax Object Acquisition Value (NPOP) as the basis for imposing BPHTB. Machine learning has been extensively explored for predictions and can be an alternative that can help predict NPOP, especially house prices. This study uses backward elimination and forward selection methods to select the features used in this study and multiple linear regression and K-Nearest Neighbor methods to make house price prediction models. The results of model performance measurement using RMSE, Multiple Linear Regression method with feature selection using backward elimination resulted in a better model with an RMSE value of 44.02 (million rupiahs) and an R2 value of 0.707.

Increasing Income Generation: The Role of Staff Participation and Awareness

The policy of educational autonomy through legal entity state universities is a very interesting issue. Universities have the authority to manage finances and collect additional income, specifically generated income. Its successful implementation also provides more significant income to everyone in the institution through greater incentives, thereby helping to improve the economic conditions of staff, institutions, and all academics. This study examines the empirical evidence of factors influencing university income-generating performance. This study presents the direct and indirect effects of staff awareness, staff participation, and top management support on income-generating performance. This research used a quantitative approach utilizing the structural equation model with WarpPLS. A questionnaire-based survey collected 111 valid responses. Surveys were distributed to the appointed persons in charge of each unit, faculty, and university. The results show that staff awareness influences top management support. Top management support also affects income-generating performance, so it impacts the role of top management support, which can mediate the influence of managers’ awareness on income-generating performance. On the other hand, staff participation cannot influence top management support and income-generating performance. This means that top management support cannot mediate the effect of staff participation on income-generating performance.

Analisis Tata Kelola Keuangan Desa Bandar Tengah

Related to the regional autonomy policy, this makes the village government have to be independent in managing the resources that they have in the village. Local governments are demanded to be independent in managing the village resources they have well. The village government must be able to manage these funds in an accountable and transparent manner. This study aims to determine the governance system in managing Village Funds and to assess the accountability and transparency of Village Fund management in Bandar Tengah Village, Bandar Khalipah District. This study used a qualitative approach with descriptive data analysis. Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 20 of 2018 is an indicator used to assess accountability and transparency. The results of the study show that the governance system for managing Village Funds in Bandar Tegah Village for the 2021 fiscal year is in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, namely the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 20 of 2018. Accountability for managing Village Funds in Bandar Tegah Village consists of several stages, namely planning stage, implementation stage, administration stage, reporting stage, and accountability stage. All stages can be carried out properly. For the planning stage, it is carried out properly and follows the applicable rules and regulations, so that the management of village funds at this stage is accountable and transparent because the community is involved in the process.