Role Of Police Research Articles

Police Role In The Effort Management And Control The Fight Between Youth In Making Public Order In The Blora Regency

Group fights criminal acts defined as crimes of violence together as provided for in Article 170 of the Criminal Code. Data from Blora Regency police indicate that a fight between youth always the case in every year in the Blora Regency. This study aims to determine the role of the police in handling and overcoming a fight between youth, barriers and solutions in realizing the public order in Blora. The method used is the juridical sociological, descriptive analytical research specifications. The data used are primary data and secondary data, while the data collection method is field studies and literature. Using data analysis methods of qualitative analysis. The analysis used as knife crime prevention theory, theory and the theory of the role of law enforcement. The results showed that the role of the police in handling and overcoming a fight between youth in realizing the public order in Blora is through the efforts of non penal (preventive) and attempts penal (repressive). Barriers arising in the treatment and prevention of fights between youth to realize the public order in Blora is the number of police personnel limited, the police difficult to present witnesses so that not all the perpetrators can be arrested, the third party to interfere in the settlement of the problem, and the lack of awareness Public.Keywords: Role; National Police; Prevention; Fights Between Youth.

CHALLENGING HEGEMONIC CULTURAL TRADITION OF GHURCHARI IN HARYANA

Kathopinishad describe the meaning of chariot and in marriage bridegroom riding female horse. The use of female horse not only suggests patriarchal intention to domesticate the wife but also control the women. On the commencement of the Indian constitution, they have become equal citizens in all aspects of life. They become aware of self respects, dignity and their rights enshrined in the Indian constitution. The upper castes or greater Indians still trest them as lesser Indians and expect them to stay at the bottom of the society. Recent caste conflicts on marriage ritual of ghurchari i.e dalit groom and family members seriously injured during ghurchari (jatu luhari, 2002), upper caste people prevented a dalit groom from riding an elephant (2011), killed in 2013, Devsar, upper caste men beat dalit groom and stopped him to perform ghurchari(2013, Ratera), upper caste youth barred dalit groom from carrying the ritual of ghurchari (sanjharwas, charki Dadri) violence broke out in the village sangha, karnal after upper caste youth prevented dalit youth from performing, ghurchari (2017) etc... clearly reflects the social position of the lesser Indians in India. This was an exploratory study based on secondary sources such as newspapers and magazines. focussing on the hegemonic power, protest ideology, role of police and social relationship KEYWORDS:- scheduled caste, Ghurchuri, hegemony, protest ideology

Legalitas Pencalonan Kepala Daerah Dari Unsur Tentara Nasional Indonesia Dan Polisi Republik Indonesia Dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah 2018

This study aims to analyze the legality of the nomination of regional heads from the elements of Indonesian National Army (TNI) and Indonesian National Police (Polri) in the 2018 simultaneous regional elections. With problems formulation as follow : First, is the nomination of regional heads from elements of TNI and Polri in the 2018 simultaneous regional elections in line with the legislation? Second, what are the proper arrangements for regional head candidates from the elements of TNI and Polri in the 2018 simultaneous regional elections? This study uses a juridical-normative approach. In addition, this study also uses a field study approach based on the scope and identification of the existing problems. The results of the study concluded as follow: First, TAP MPR Number VII / MPR / 2000 on the Role of TNI and the Role of Police; Law Number 34 of 2004 on Indonesian National Army and Law Number 2 of 2002 Indonesian National Police determine that the TNI and Polri are impartial in political affairs and do not involve themselves in practical political activities. TNI and Polri can hold civilian positions after resigning or retiring from the TNI and Polri institutions, so that they do not conflict with the statutory regulations. Second, even though they have resigned, active members of the TNI and Polri who wish to run for regional head candidates should first wait for a gap of at least two years, to ensure the impartiality and maintain the morale of the TNI and Polri institutions.

"Everybody Loses": Understanding Police Roles and Perceptions of Domestic Violence Calls

To better understand police response to domestic violence, it is useful to consider the perspectives of officers themselves. Through exploratory, in-depth interviews and applying the lens of role theory, this study focuses on police officers’ perceptions of their role in responding to domestic violence, their perceptions of the effectiveness of their response, and challenges they face. Findings suggest that, for these participants, there is an overlap in the different roles they inhabit, as well as limitations and barriers to their response. These limitations and obstacles are a signal that officers may be experiencing role overload, which leads to their frustration and ambivalence toward domestic violence situations. This study has the potential to serve as the groundwork for future research and policy changes aimed at mitigating role overload experienced, particularly in domestic violence calls.

The Role of Community Policy in Preventing Crime Actions

The aim of this study is to identify and analyze the role of community policing in preventing crime and to know and analyze the obstacles that community policing has to deal with in preventing crime, the research method used in empirical research normative legal research. The results of this study the role of community police in preventing crime by building partnerships between the police and the community, solving various social problems occurring in local communities, the conclusion of the results of this study is that community police is a synergistic effort by police institutions and the community to work together on mechanisms, patterns, strategies for two-way communication, in achieving environmental safety.

Police Role in Crime Investigation of Fencing Article 480 of the Criminal Code (Study in Polres Demak)

The purpose of this research identify and analyze the role of the police in criminal investigation of Fencing of Article 480 of the Criminal Code in the jurisdiction of Police Demak and barriers and solutions encountered police officers in criminal investigation of Fencing.The method used is the method of normative and juridical sociologic, the specifications in the study was a descriptive analytical methods of population and sampling are all objects or all of the symptoms or the entire event or the entire unit to be studied, data collection techniques using literature study and interviews, data analysis is qualitative.Result: according to the Criminal Investigation: Examination of the scene, Investigation, Manufacture Minutes, examination of evidence: The search, seizure, Remarks experts, Arrest or Detention and examination of suspects, Resume, file submission. The obstacle is that not everyone knows, does not want to report to law enforcement agencies (police), collusion series of cooperation that is so neat, shrewdness suspect in storing the results of Fencing the Article applied a penalty of less leverage, less personnel in the Resmob Police Demak, because the territory and population is not proportional to the number of personnel Resmob Demak district police, the suspect did not provide information in a clear, witnesses' testimony did not support the investigation, evidence to be filed less, to overcome these obstacles, namely:Key Words: Police; Investigation; Crime; Fencing; Police Demak.

Policing Ethics: Context Bangladesh

The police are one of the most powerful and important forces for any country. The main task of the police is to install a sense of security in the ordinary citizens and to protect their life and property when they are in danger. Bangladeshi Police have a glorious past with tremendous achievement. Especially in our great liberation war in 1971, they played an important role in achieving our liberation. Eliminating terrorism & militancy and others several operation that leads with the risk of their life. But there are still a lot of accusations against the police force. Like- abusing of power, Misconducting with the people, Committing crossfire defying the high-court order, Wearing white dress when they move to detain criminals, Arresting without warrant, and many other including Bribery, Extortion, Trading Drug and Yaba, Playing partisan role, keeping Bad association, Filing case against deceased man, Charging sheet against the infant who has not been born yet, Enforcing disappearance, Suppressing the freedom of express, Violating Human rights, Doing anti-social activities such as rape, forcible extortion, drinking alcohol, etc. are the real scenario of Bangladesh Police. Policing ethics or related unethical behaviors, in particular, are shaped by both societal perceptions and organizational socialization of the police personnel on how authority should be exercised, as well as the latter's relationship with the socio-political and economic structures overtime. This paper proposes to explain the role of police as the main law enforcement agency in any democratic country. An Attempt has been made to bring different perspectives of ethics which comprises views of Aristotle, Machiavelli, Immanuel Kant, J S Mill and John Rawls. The paper focuses on police Ethics. Police ethics’ reflects the society and the regulations that shape the policing system. Discuss the results and analysis of the consequences of moral degradation caused by the Police. Explore the police brutality because of the lack of Ethics to highlight the public's attitude towards police. The ethical standards and the code of conduct Police practitioners should actually abide by is an ongoing debate.

Privatisation, Pluralisation and the Globalisation of Policing

Police, as a formal institution, operate as a part of a three way relationship with the community and the state. In this research paper, Philip Stenning and Clifford Shearing explore how changes in both the community and the state may reshape both the institution of the police and the role of policing. This paper extends the conversation from our previous 2013 publication ‘Public Private Policing’ which was based on a forum held at the AIPM in the same year.

Policing Gentrification: Stops and Low–Level Arrests during Demographic Change and Real Estate Reinvestment

Does low–level policing increase during gentrification? If so, are police responding to increased crime, increased demand by new residents, or are they attempting to “clean up” neighborhoods marked for economic redevelopment? To address these questions, I construct a longitudinal dataset of New York City neighborhoods from 2009 to 2015. I compile data on neighborhoods’ demographics, street stops, low–level arrests, crimes, 311 calls to the police, and—using a novel measure—property values. Maps, spatiotemporal modeling, and fixed effects regressions compare changes in stops and low–level arrests to changes in several measures of gentrification. I find, on average, calls to the police increased after a neighborhood's middle–class population grew. Calls did not translate into more stops or low–level arrests, however. Net of crime and spatial autocorrelation, police made more order–maintenance and proactive arrests following real estate market growth, suggesting development–directed policing. Property value growth in wealthy and already gentrified neighborhoods was not associated with an increase in arrests, underscoring policing's role in early–stage urban “renewal.” The article includes an analysis of three sources of property value data.

The Role Of The Police In Completing The Practice Of Domino Card Gaming

Abstract: The implementation of this research is to find out and analyze the role of the police in dealing with domino card gambling practices and to find out the factors that hinder the police in dealing with domino card gambling practices and the type of research is empirical research. The results show that the role of police in dealing with domino card gambling practices still has obstacles in the form of an approach to the community, one of which is the lack of socialization from the police even though it is carried out using pre-emptive and repressive measures. Meanwhile, the factors that hinder the police in dealing with the practice of domino card gambling are that the police are still difficult to track down the places where gambling practices occur. carried out by the community, the low level of public awareness is based on the consequences of unsupportive Economic, Knowledge, Entertainment and C,ultur,e and Community Environment factors. Keywords: The Role of the Police, Domino's Card Gambling

A Critical Analysis on Violation of Human Rights Caused by Extra-Judicial Killings with Special Reference to the Role of Police: Bangladesh Perspective

This paper mostly dwells on certain examples of violation of human rights extremely committed by the law enforcement agency i.e., the police emphasizing the human rights situation in Bangladesh. The utmost negative role of Police has been highlighted here considering the state of human rights regarding the violations especially caused by Extra-Judicial Killings. Furthermore, the Human Rights situation demanded its due concepts with the present justice system. In this study, the police administration has been taken under close scrutiny. In addition to this, an attempt has been made to unveil the relationship between Human Rights and Police Administration. Most importantly, there is a further attempt to uphold the facts of human rights violations, especially in extra-judicial killings mentioning and studying sensational cases too. Finally, in this paper, the researcher has endeavored to bring out the actual situation of violations analyzing the extra-judicial facts in different perspectives in connection with the activities of the law enforcing agencies i.e., the police where this agencies are always on action having the responsibilities to protect and ensure the human rights of the citizens in a democratic and developing country like Bangladesh.

Policing Practices and Risk of HIV Infection Among People Who Inject Drugs.

Drug-law enforcement constitutes a structural determinant of health among people who inject drugs (PWID). Street encounters between police and PWID (e.g., syringe confiscation, physical assault) have been associated with health harms, but these relationships have not been systematically assessed. We conducted a systematic literature review to evaluate the contribution of policing to risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among PWID. We screened MEDLINE, sociological databases, and gray literature for studies published from 1981 to November 2018 that included estimates of HIV infection/risk behaviors and street policing encounters. We extracted and summarized quantitative findings from all eligible studies. We screened 8,201 abstracts, reviewed 175 full-text articles, and included 27 eligible analyses from 9 countries (Canada, China, India, Malaysia, Mexico, Russia, Thailand, Ukraine, and the United States). Heterogeneity in variable and endpoint selection precluded meta-analyses. In 5 (19%) studies, HIV infection among PWID was significantly associated with syringe confiscation, reluctance to buy/carry syringes for fear of police, rushed injection due to a police presence, fear of arrest, being arrested for planted drugs, and physical abuse. Twenty-one (78%) studies identified policing practices to be associated with HIV risk behaviors related to injection drug use (e.g., syringe-sharing, using a "shooting gallery"). In 9 (33%) studies, policing was associated with PWID avoidance of harm reduction services, including syringe exchange, methadone maintenance, and safe consumption facilities. Evidence suggests that policing shapes HIV risk among PWID, but lower-income settings are underrepresented. Curbing injection-related HIV risk necessitates additional structural interventions. Methodological harmonization could facilitate knowledge generation on the role of police as a determinant of population health.

Intermediating Between Conflict and Security: Private Security Companies as Infrastructures of Security in Post-apartheid South Africa

ABSTRACTSouth Africa is often viewed as a post-conflict society. It can, however, also be viewed as a terrain of enduring conflict characterised by numerous divisions. Some of these divisions are new, but others are inextricable iterations of historical fault-lines. As an infrastructure of security, the role of the South African police has always been contentious. It has gone from the enforcer of a racist government to a service perceived by many citizens as corrupt and incompetent. Crime levels, including theft, robbery, housebreaking and violent crimes have increased significantly since the advent of democracy. In this context, private security companies specialising in guarding and armed response have become a key security infrastructure working for those who can afford it. It draws on primary data gathered from private policing services and the public to interpret the meaning of private security firms in the post-apartheid polity. The argument pursued is that private security companies intermediate between populations of different strata and in the process, between conflict and security. This represents much continuity with the role of the police in the pre-democratic state. To stabilise the situation in the long run, greater desegregation/integration of adversarial population groups is required.

Жандармская железнодорожная полиция: опыт осуществления массовых перевозок на территории Курской губернии (1896–1914)

We contribute to the discussion of the results of a significant resettlement policy, the role of the gendarme railway police in its implementation and the role of the gendarme structure in the history of the Russian Empire. For the first time, we make an attempt to disclose the mechanism of the gendarme railway police in implementing the state’s resettlement policy in the area of migration flows on the materials of the Kursk Governorate, taking into account the existing rail-way network and the structure of the gendarme police departments. Based on the materials of the State Archive of the Russian Federation and local archives, the issues of legal regulation of mass railway transportation by the gendarme railway police are considered. An analysis of the gen-darme’s paperwork based on the materials of the Kursk branch of the gendarme police department of the Moscow-Kursk railway is given, aspects of interaction with the railway administration, local authorities, and the general police are highlighted. We trace the change and expansion of the duties of the railway gendarmes in connection with changes in the resettlement policy during the period under review and highlight the main stages. Particular attention is paid to issues of public safety in the context of criminalization on the railways. We show the role of the gendarme railway police in ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological welfare of passengers, taking into account the situation in the Kursk Governorate. Particular attention is paid to the influence of resettlement processes on the internal organizational, personnel aspects of the activities of the railway police, the dependence of the employee’s spiritual and moral condition on personal choice. We draw conclusions on the significance, scale, diversity of the gendarme railway police activities during the implementation of the resettlement policy.

Reconciling Police and Communities with Apologies, Acknowledgements, or Both: A Controlled Experiment

When police officers harm civilians, police leadership almost invariably makes a public statement about the incident, and these communications usually address issues of public mistrust in the police. In addressing public mistrust, political pressures may motivate police leadership to avoid acknowledging the role of police in creating that distrust. The study reported in this article examines the consequences of avoiding versus acknowledging responsibility for the role of police in creating mistrust, along with issuing an apology or not issuing an apology, in public statements. How do these various kinds of gestures shape public cooperation with police? This study reports on an experiment designed to answer that question, with our analysis focusing on the impact of these various kinds of statements on the people who are least likely to trust police. The evidence suggests that police leaders should combine acknowledgement of responsibility for the mistrust with an apology if they want to enlist the cooperation of people who are least likely to trust the police.

Police-to-Hospital Transport for Violently Injured Individuals: A Way to Save Lives?

Transportation of violently injured individuals to the hospital by police, also known as “scoop and run,” may shorten the time between injury and hospital care when emergency medical services are delayed or unavailable. In this article, we explore the history and contemporary applications of this strategy and its broader impact on public safety systems. Current evidence suggests that when comparing police hospital transport and emergency medical services transport for violently injured individuals, survival rates are at least equivalent; in some studies, survival rates are better for violently injured individuals transported by police. Though understudied, police transport may improve survival for violently injured individuals as well as perceptions of police in communities where mistrust is common. Only a select few cities have codified this approach and police role. Geographic context, emergency response capacity, and the nature of encounters between law enforcement and victims of violence are important for other jurisdictions considering police-to-hospital transport.

Источники по изучению местного управления в Сибири в XVIII – начале ХХ в.: конкретно-исторические и источниковедческие сюжеты

Increased interest in the local government history is associated not just with the necessity to peer into the past, but also with purely practical needs. While returning to forgotten traditions, it is important to take into account the heritage of centuries. Today, we need to take a fresh look at well-known facts, to cast away old delusions and myths, and to prevent the emergence of new ones. Theoretical basis of the paper is such methods as historicism, objectivity, alternativeness; they allow an unbiased approach to the analysis of the problems and a critical attitude towards the sources. The methodology includes the use of means and methods of local, systemic, problem-chronological, and comparative historical methods, as well as the development of a “new imperial history.” The paper systematizes sources on formation and development of the local government in Siberia in the Imperial period. The following groups of sources are highlighted: regulatory and legal acts; documents of management and record keeping; statistical materials; periodicals; sources of personal provenance. There is regional specificity in the content and structure of sources. The sources characterize the history of local government in Siberia in the 18th - early 20th century, wherein personal, socio-political, and departmental conflicts played an important role. The article attempts to show the role and place of the general police in the local government of pre-revolutionary Siberia and to analyze the main sources on the subject. It focuses on structure, nature, organizational and legal problem of the local government in Siberia in the 18th - early 20th century.

Government Misconduct and Convicting the Innocent, The Role of Prosecutors, Police and Other Law Enforcement

This report examines the role of official misconduct in the conviction of innocent people. It is based on first 2,400 exonerations listed in the National Registry of Exonerations: cases in which a person who was convicted of a crime was officially and completely cleared based on new evidence of innocence. The Report is limited to misconduct by government officials that contributes to the false convictions of defendants who are later exonerated—misconduct that produces unreliable, misleading or false evidence of guilt, or that conceals, distorts or undercuts true evidence of innocence. The Report organizes the myriad types of misconduct into five general categories, roughly in the chronological order of a criminal case, from initial investigation to conviction: Witness Tampering; Misconduct in Interrogations of Suspects; Fabricating Evidence; Concealing Exculpatory Evidence; Misconduct at Trial. Official misconduct contributed to the false convictions of 54% of defendants who were later exonerated. In general, the rate of misconduct is higher in more severe crimes. Concealing exculpatory evidence—the most common type of misconduct—occurred in 44% of exonerations. Black exonerees were slightly more likely than whites to have been victims of misconduct (57% to 52%), but this gap is much larger among exonerations for murder (78% to 64%)—especially those with death sentences (87% to 68%)—and for drug crimes (47% to 22%). Police officers committed misconduct in 35% of cases. They were responsible for most of the witness tampering, misconduct in interrogation, and fabricating evidence—and a great deal of concealing exculpatory evidence and perjury at trial. Prosecutors committed misconduct in 30% of the cases. Prosecutors were responsible for most of the concealing of exculpatory evidence and misconduct at trial, and a substantial amount of witness tampering. Forensic examiners committed misconduct in 3% of exonerations, and child welfare workers in 2%. Disciplinary actions against officials who committed misconduct were uncommon for all types of officials, and especially so for prosecutors. For most types of misconduct, we have insufficient data to date to identify changes over time. There is, however, strong evidence that a few kinds of misconduct have become less common in the past 20 years: violence and other misconduct in interrogations; abusive questioning of children in child sex abuse cases; and fraud in presenting forensic evidence. On the other hand, the number of federal white-collar exonerations with misconduct by prosecutors has been increasing. We conclude that the main causes of misconduct that contributed to the false convictions of these exonerated defendants were pervasive practices that permit or reward bad behavior, lack of resources to conduct high quality investigations and prosecutions, and ineffective leadership by those in command. We discuss a range of possible remedies, from specific new rules governing investigations to changes in the work culture of law enforcement officers in particular agencies, in counties and states across the country, and in the nation as a whole.

The 2017 military coup in Zimbabwe: Implications for human rights and the rule of law

November 2017 saw the Zimbabwean Defence Forces executing a military coup against Mr Robert Mugabe, Zimbabwe's long-serving President. The military sought to justify the coup on the basis that there were divisions in the party in government - ZANU-PF - and that it was stepping in to protect what it called the gains of the liberation struggle. The military demanded, among other things, the reinstatement of those ZANU-PF party members who had been removed from their government and party positions. By brazenly involving itself in politics, let alone aligning itself with a political party, the military violated a number of constitutional provisions that prohibit the involvement of the security services in politics. Several individual freedoms and liberties, including the right to liberty, freedom of expression, freedom of movement and the right to security and freedom from torture, were violated during the coup. There are also allegations that there was loss of life directly linked to the coup. In effecting the coup, the military immobilised the police service and arrogated to itself the role of civilian policing, including the setting up of roadblocks on major roads and arresting and detaining those it identified as 'criminal elements'. The Zimbabwean Defence Forces have a long history of serious human rights violations, including politically-related torture and murder. They also stand accused of chronic involvement in politics, including the unleashing of violence during elections on behalf of ZANU-PF. Therefore, there is no hope that human rights protection and promotion will be on the agenda of the post-coup government - itself consisting of the main coup leaders and most of the ministers that served in the repressive Mugabe government. There is a need to establish mechanisms to ensure that those responsible for the coup and its attendant human rights violations and crimes are brought to account.

Жандармская железнодорожная полиция в условиях противодействия эпидемиям на территории Курской губернии (1893–1914 гг.)

We actualize the historical experience of the gendarme police units of the railways. The role of the gendarme railway police in countering epidemics on the territory of the Kursk Governorate in the prewar years of the 19th century is examined: from the beginning of the first outbreaks of infectious diseases until 1914. An analysis of the affairs of the Kursk branch of the Moscow gendarme police department of railways in the period from 1893 to 1914 is carried out. Con-clusions are drawn about the relationship between outbreaks of epidemics and the attention of officials of the gendarme railway police to the sanitary and epidemiological situation on the railway lines, in conditions of mass movement of immigrants, while ensuring the safety of imperial trains. Based on archival materials, the experience of interdepartmental interaction of the officers of the gendarme railway police on the sanitary and epidemiological situation is shown. An assessment is given of interagency cooperation with medical, railway and other services in matters of sanitary and epidemiological safety at railway facilities. We show the significance of historical experience for the development of forms and models of the work of modern territorial authorities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in transport, including in the context of the prevention of a new coronavirus infection at the present stage.