Police Men Research Articles

Los derechos laborales de los servidores públicos de la Policía Nacional Civil: Una aproximación socio-jurídica

Sobre los policías recae una de las tareas más emplazadas y exigentes con escasas posibilidades de perdón a los errores u omisiones cometidos de forma voluntaria o involuntaria. Se soslaya que el policía, como cualquier ser humano, posee una dimensión familiar, fraternal, comunitaria y económica. Como servidor público que desempeña delicadas labores de seguridad pública, debe soportar las diatribas ciudadanas, ataques criminales y la exposición sempiterna de los medios de comunicación social; sin desdeñar sus labores realizadas en extenuantes jornadas de trabajo y en condiciones laborales inapropiadas o, al menos, no como desearían otorgarse. Sirva el presente estudio para contextualizar y brindar una aproximación al status jurídico y social de los derechos laborales de los miembros del nivel básico de la Policía Nacional Civil, en cuanto a la esfera de sus derechos individuales, el estatuto del derecho colectivo (prohibición de libertad sindical) y la prevención de riesgos ocupacionales.

Designing an ESP- Syllabus Framework Based on Conducting of an Effective Target Situation Needs Analysis a Case Study of Abu Dhabi Police Traffic Officers

This study aims at analyzing the target situation needs for Abu Dhabi Police traffic Staff to suggest an ESP- base syllabus framework. These needs will be employed to designs an ESP- Syllabus. A questionnaire was used to collect data from the participants, after analyzing the data collected, it was revealed that English language in general is of great importance to traffic police. Participants who were 50 police men working in traffic department ensured that some language functions should be included in the suggested ESP-based syllabus. In addition to some language sub-skills they rated as very important, furthermore, they questionnaire evaluated some language difficulties they may encounter while they perform their duties.

The Positive Image of Public Servants in Editorial Cartoons (1999 - 2003)

The editorial cartoon has been a part of American culture since the beginning of the nation’s founding. The following review of editorial cartoons takes a specific look at public servants who are not in the political spotlight, such as teachers, police, fire and postal service men and women. Through a review of editorial cartoons from 1999-2003, it becomes apparent that there are positive images of public servants amid the numerous negative ones published daily. The selection of cartoons, most notably those following the attacks of September 11, 2001, highlights that heroism and service can be transcended through cartoons as with any other form of art.

Phosphorus as predictive factor for erectile dysfunction in middle aged men: A cross sectional study in Korea

PurposeHigh serum inorganic phosphorus level is related with atherosclerosis and an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease. At the same time, the association of phosphorus with erectile dysfunction (ED) is not well reported. We studied the effect of serum phosphorus on ED and the relationship with other clinical variables.Materials and MethodsFrom March to September 2013, 1,899 police men aged 40 to 59 years who entered in a prostate health screening were targeted. All subjects underwent a clinical checking using the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) questionnaire translated into Korean. Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA), testosterone, inorganic phosphorus, body mass index, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and prostate ultrasound were also examined.ResultsSerum inorganic phosphorus (r=–0.108, p<0.001) had the highest correlation coefficient with IIEF-5 score other than age, followed by prostate volume (PV) (r=–0.065, P<0.001). Using logistic regression analysis, age, phosphorus, and MetS were predictive factors for moderate to severe ED in univariate analysis. PSA, testosterone, body mass index, and PV could not predict ED. Age, MetS, and phosphorus were independent predictive factors of moderate to severe ED (p<0.001; odds ratio [OR], 1.119; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.086–1.153; p=0.048; OR, 1.283; 95% CI, 1.003–1.641; and p=0.048; OR, 1.101; 95% CI, 1.076–1.131) in the multivariate analysis.ConclusionsIn our study, phosphorus level is related with ED. Phosphorus is a significant predictor of ED and a strong factor that can be modified in the middle-age. Controlling phosphorus in men may have a particular meaning of preventing the occurrence of ED.

Study of ill effects of air pollution due to automobiles on respiratory functions in traffic policemen

Introduction: Every city is growing day by day and this growth is associated with enormous increase in vehicular traffic, emitting exhausts and polluting the atmosphere. vehicular population has been found to be an important cause of respiratory symptoms in city people.The adverse health effects and deterioration of pulmonary function from inhaling such particulate matters are well recognized. Although acute health effects have studied previously but chronic health effects related to outdoor traffic(automobiles) air population have not been evaluated that much. Material and Methods: A case control study was conducted in nanded city maharastra, A total of 120 subjects were studied in which 60 cases were smoker & nonsmoker traffic policemen and 60 controls were nonsmoker& not exposed to air pollution. Questionarre method used and respiratory functions (FVC, FEV1/FVC%) were recorded by using spirometer. The statistical analysis was done by using SPSS software and unpaired t test was applied for results. Results: The respiratory functions including forced vital capacity(FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second and forced vital capacity ratio as percentage (FEV1/FVC%) were reduced significantly in the traffic policemen than control group. Conclusion: Our study revealed that FVC had been significantly reduced in the traffic policemen suggesting restrictive pattern of lung disease.FEV1 and FEV1/FVC% were also significantly reduced in traffic police men suggesting obstructive lung disease, Thus our findings are suggestive of mixed type of lung disease in them. So from this study it can be concluded that the traffic policemen are in very high risk group for respiratory dysfunction and further measures to reduce automobile pollution has to be required or studies to prevent them from automobile pollution exposure should be done in urgent basis.

Building a Reliable Steganography System Using Random Key in a spatial Domain of Image

With time progress importance of hiding information become more and more and all steganography applications is like computer games between hiding and extracting data, or like thieves and police men always thieve hides from police men in different ways to keep him out of prison. The sender always hides information in new way in order not to be understood by the attackers and only the authorized receiver can open the hiding message. This paper explores our proposed random method in detail, how chooses locations of pixel in randomly , how to choose a random bit to hide information in the chosen pixel, how it different from other approaches, how applying information hiding criteria on the proposed project, and attempts to test out in code, and in practice, through example.

Building a Reliable Steganography System Using Random Key in a spatial Domain of Image

With time progress importance of hiding information become more and more and all steganography applications is like computer games between hiding and extracting data, or like thieves and police men always thieve hides from police men in different ways to keep him out of prison. The sender always hides information in new way in order not to be understood by the attackers and only the authorized receiver can open the hiding message. This paper explores our proposed random method in detail, how chooses locations of pixel in randomly , how to choose a random bit to hide information in the chosen pixel, how it different from other approaches, how applying information hiding criteria on the proposed project, and attempts to test out in code, and in practice, through example.

Workplace Stress – Causes of Work Place Stress in Police Department: A Proposal for Stress Free Workplace

Police Department is one of the important department for societal wellbeing. Police have to work round the clock to keep public safe. Throughout the day they are doing a restless job. They don’t have week end holiday and occasional holiday. In fact, on those days they have to work even harder in the name of bandhubast duty. Because of this they are not getting time to spend with their family members, which leads to frustration. Further, this frustration may manifest as depression and they will lose interest in their job. If we keenly observe, out of 100 police men 80% of them will be having procrastinating attitude, impatience, and irritability etc which are the symptoms of Stress. And nowadays the suicide attempts are also on the rise in police department. Role overload, role conflict, role ambiguity, poor peer relations, low status etc., are the key variables for the research problem. The present study will help to develop more appropriate strategies to cope with workplace stress and that these could be incorporated into a more fully integrated set of human resource policies for better performance of police department in the study region.

Constabular police women internal satisfaction determinants - A comparative study about police women internal satisfaction and police men internal satisfaction -

Constabular police women internal satisfaction determinants - A comparative study about police women internal satisfaction and police men internal satisfaction -

A Real Time Vehicle Collision Sensor and Reporting System Using Load Sensor, GSM and GPS Technology

Vehicle collision sensor system and reporting accident to police is an electronic device installed in a vehicle to inform police man in case of accident to track the vehicles location. This system works using pressure sensor, GPS and GSM technology. These technology embedded together to sense the vehicle collision and indicate the position of the vehicle or locate the place of accident in order to solve the problem immediately (as soon as possible).For doing so AT89S52 microcontroller is interfaced serially to a GSM modem, GPS receiver, and pressure sensor. A GSM modem is used to send the position (Latitude and Longitude) of the vehicle, the plate of the vehicle and the SMS text from the accident place. The GPS modem will continuously give the data (longitude and latitude) and Load sensor senses the collision of the vehicle against obstacles and input to microcontroller. As load sensor senses the collision, the GSM start to send the plate of the vehicle, text message and the position of the vehicle in terms of latitude and longitude in real time.

Clinicoepidemiological study of pigmented purpuric dermatoses

Background:Pigmented purpuric dermatoses (PPD) are a group of vascular disorders with varied manifestations which cause concern and are resistant to treatment. The literature is still lacking in clinicoepidemiological studies.Aim:To study the epidemiology, etiological, host and environmental factors, clinical manifestations, its variations, and the type prevalent in this part of the world.Materials and Methods:All cases of PPD were selected for the study from Skin and Venereal Disease, Out Patient Department between January 2008 and June 2009. Their history, examination, hematological investigations, and, in a few, histopathology findings were also recorded and data obtained were evaluated statistically.Results:There were 100 cases of PPD of total 55 323 patients (0.18%). There were 79 males and 21 females between 11 and 66 years. They were working as police men, security guards, barber, chemist, teachers, students, farmers, businessmen, and housewives. In a majority, there was a history of prolonged standing in day-to-day work. Purpuric, brownish pigmented, lichenoid or atrophic lesions were seen depending upon the type of PPD on lower parts of one or both lower limbs. Blood investigations were normal. Schamberg's disease was seen in ninety five, Lichen aureus in three, lichenoid dermatosis and Majocchi's disease in one case each.Discussion:Three clinical types of PPD were diagnosed which may represent different features of the same disease. Cell-mediated immunity, immune complexes, capillary fragility, gravitational forces, venous hypertension, focal infection, clothing, contact allergy to dyes, and drug intake have been incriminating factors in the past. Patient's occupation and environmental factors may also be considered contributory in precipitating the disease.Conclusions:The study revealed the problem of PPD in this geographical area, its magnitude, clinical presentation, the type prevalent, and possible aggravating factors to be kept in mind while managing the disease.

Police Structure: A Comparative Study of Policing Models

Policing is one of the most important of the functions undertaken by the every sovereign government. For the state machinery, police is an inevitable organ which would ensure maintenance of law and order, and also the first link in the criminal justice system. On the other hand, for common man, police force is a symbol of brute force of authority and at the same time, the protector from crime. Police men get a corporate identity from the uniform they wear; the common man identifies, distinguishes and awes him on account of the same uniform. The police systems across the world have developed on a socio cultural background, and for this reason alone huge differences exist between these police systems. From the singular coordinated centralised system of police in Saudi Arabia organised under the Ministry of Interior to the 42000 odd police forces that exist in USA, policing mainly rests on either of the two broad principles: (1) Policing by consent and (2) Policing by law.This paper tries to examine the various police systems that exist in the world, taking Saudi Arabia, China, France, Spain, United Kingdom, the United States of America and India, as examples of various types of policing models. The paper takes cue from these systems, their positives and negatives, and tries to find out how the Indian System, can be understood in the light of these policing models.

Non-Expensive blast injury of the tympanic membrane in Umuahia, Nigeria

To examine the clinical features and causes of non-explosive blast injury to the ear, as well as the frequency of the State police involvement. Prospective clinical study of consecutive patients with traumatic tympanic membrane perforations resulting from non-explosive blast trauma to the ear without history of previous middle ear disease who attended ENT clinic of Federal Medical Center Umuahia. Clinical features and causes of non-explosive blast injury to ear; healing outcome at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks; perforation size versus healing outcome and cause of injury were the main outcomes measured. Five hundred and ninety three new patients with aural disease were analysed. Sixty-one patients, (38 males and 23 females), aged 10-56 years had tympanic membrane perforation from non-explosive blast injury to the ear. The commonest symptoms were hearing loss (64%), tinnitus (61%), and ear ache (57%). The causes of injury were: slap against the ear by State police (31%), spouse (28%), armed bandits (18%), school teachers (8%), parents (5%), and blow against the ear during street fight (10%). Ninety two percent of the perforations healed spontaneously Healing was associated with significant closure of air bone gap (t = 15.08; p < 0.01). Non-healing of perforation was significantly associated with the large perforations occupying estimated 50% or more of the entire tympanic membrane area (chi2 = 8.67; p = 0.003). The ear is very susceptible to injury from non-explosive blast trauma. There was a high spontaneous healing rate of the resulting tympanic membrane perforation, favoring conservative management in most of the case. Non-healing was associated with large-sized perforations. Abusive slap by the State police men was the commonest cause of non-explosive blast injury to the tympanic membrane. Our results are hoped to stimulate a change in the attitude of the culprits and lead to a reduction in the incidence of avoidable TM perforations from slap assaults.

Automatische externe Defibrillatoren – Funktionsweise und Einsatz

Every year about 100,000 persons die from sudden cardiac death (SCD) in Germany. Although many efforts have been undertaken, mortality remains high. Only 2 - 10% of patients with out-off hospital SCD can finally be discharged from hospital after resuscitation. Observational studies show that ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia are the primary arrhythmias underlying SCD. For both arrhythmias the main determinant for survival is the time between onset and termination by defibrillation. The chance of survival declines by 10% for every minute of delay. These findings prompted the concept of early defibrillation by first responders. Many studies have shown that non-medical professionals, like police men, firemen or security officers, often arrive at the patient more early than emergency medical service. Thus, "smart" automated external defibrillators (AEDs), designed to identify VT/VF and prompt the user when to deliver a shock were introduced. These devices allow lay rescuers to terminate ventricular arrhythmias before the arrival of medical professionals. By this approach the time to defibrillation could be reduced and a significant reduction in mortality could be documented in selected situation. These encouraging results initialled the installation of AED at public places like aircrafts, airports, underground stations and shopping males. Due to the success of this approach doctors are more and more confronted with questions about technical details, reliability and cost effectiveness of these devices. The present review should give an overview about the current studies and guidelines.

Livelihood Pattern and Working Condition of Street Vendors in Delhi

Street vendors are a community of entrepreneurs who sustain on informal livelihoods. They come to cities like Delhi from the neighboring states of Bihar, Jharkhand and Uttar Pradesh in search of better livelihood options. But here they have to stay and work in inhuman conditions in order to save money for their families. Street vendors have a very dynamic livelihood pattern. They either sell their goods at one place (Stationery Vendors) or move from one place to another carrying their goods on their head, bicycle or wheel-carts (Mobile Vendors). Some of them sell their goods on daily basis in markets such as Kamla Nagar, Sarojini Nagar, Janpath, etc. whereas some of them put their stalls in weekly markets. They are unskilled workers who start their work and establish themselves with help of family and friends. They have to change the goods which they sell according to seasonal variation. Hence, they are always vulnerable as they do not have a sustainable livelihood. Street vendors operate in very dismal working conditions and in a state of uncertainty. It is almost two and half years since the street vendors (protection of livelihood and regulation of street vending) Act, 2014 was passed. But till now there is no Town Vending Committee in place and neither vending zones have been allotted to street vendors. Above all street vendors are being removed from their place in spite of Supreme Court orders of not removing street vendors until they are allotted with vending zones. Police men and MCD officers harass them and demand money from them on the pretext of them being illegal and removing them from their place. They do not have proper work place and access to facilities such as drinking water, toilets, electricity, etc. In addition to this, they have to face seasonal hardships. For example, their business suffers a lot during rainy season because they do not have a permanent structure which can save them and their goods from rains. Women street vendors face problems related to their privacy, security and child rearing also. It is difficult for them to look after the family and simultaneously go out and sell their goods. This paper will seek to look into the livelihood patterns and working condition of street vendors in Delhi based on primary as well as secondary data.

P1077 警察官における冠動脈疾患親和性行動パターンからみた循環器疾患リスクの検討(一般演題:ポスター,地方の時代の産業保健,第79回日本産業衛生学会)

P1077 警察官における冠動脈疾患親和性行動パターンからみた循環器疾患リスクの検討(一般演題:ポスター,地方の時代の産業保健,第79回日本産業衛生学会)

Analysing the Motivational Needs Amongst Policemen: Maslow's Theory Revitalised

Motivation is an important management tool, especially in those organisations that are heavily dependent on the skills and ability of men rather than on machines. The police department is one such organisation which still today, despite modernisation, is human oriented. Police managers need to understand methods for motivating officers and men working under them. Maslow's Theory of Hierarchy of Needs provides a simple yet effective way of motivating employees. A study conducted in the Sindhudurg district of Maharashtra State (India) provides an insight into the motivating needs of police officers and men in the district. The study also points towards the steps that senior police managers need to take in order to have a highly motivated police force.

A Comparative Study of Psychopathology among Pastors, Mental Patients and Police Officers

The study was carried out to compare levels of psychopathology among three groups, namely Pastors, Patients and Police men: 60 participants made up of 30 males and 30 females from each group were administered Stress Checklist 90 SCL - 90 and Religious Affiliation scale. Although, a 2 x 3 ANOVA showed significant group difference across the variables and significant sex difference in anxiety and depression, no significant difference in anxiety and depression, no significant difference existed between pairs of groups on many of the psychopathological conditions, as revealed by Scheffes multiple range tests. Pastors and Policemen were similar to mental patients on some of the variables. The result was discussed on the light of this finding. IFE PsychologIA Vol 9, No 2 September 2001, pp. 39-49

Arrest Rate as a Measure of Police Men and Women's Productivity and Competence

Arrest Rate as a Measure of Police Men and Women's Productivity and Competence

The Right to Marry: Loving v. Virginia

In June 1958, Mildred Jeter and Richard Loving left their native Caroline County, Virginia, for a visit to Washington, D.C, where they got mar ried. They then returned to Virginia and took up residence in the home of the bride's parents. Early in the morning a few weeks later, everyone in the house was asleep?Mr. and Mrs. Loving down stairs, Mr. and Mrs. Jeter upstairs?when the Lovings awoke to find three police men in their bedroom with flashlights. The intruders arrested and jailed the Lovings. The charge? Their marriage violated state law. He was white, and she was black. By marrying in D.C. to avoid a Virginia law prohibiting interra cial marriage, they had committed a serious crime. In January 1959, Judge Leon M. Bazile sentenced the couple to a year in jail. He suspended the sentences on the condition that both accused leave Caroline County and the state of Vir ginia at once and do not return together or at the same time to said county and state for a period of twenty-five years. They moved to Washington, D.C, where they lived with Mrs. Loving's cousin Alex Byrd and his wife Laura. They continued to live in their home away from home, and this is where they raised their three children, Sidney, Donald, and Peggy. In 1963 they determined to take a stand against the injustice that had forced