Point Group Research Articles

초등무용교육에서 케이팝 대중무용의 활용방안 모색

This study explores the potential applications of K-pop popular dance in the ‘subject expression’ component of primary dance education, specifically targeting sixth-grade students. The research proposes an approach to primary dance education that incorporates key elements derived from K-pop idols, including point choreography, group dancing and dance challenge. To explore the integration of K-pop popular dance into primary school dance education, the study employs a two-fold method. First, it conducts a textual analysis of Unit Four from eight primary school physical education textbooks specifically designed for sixth-grade students, with a particular focus on the ‘Subject Expression’ section. Second, it examines K-pop idol music videos from a semiotic perspective. Through these investigations, the study seeks to elucidate the rationale behind incorporating K-pop popular dance into primary school dance education, the methodology for applying K-pop popular dance to cultivate the desired human qualities for future societal needs, and the educational benefits that primary school students can derive from engaging with K-pop popular dance.

Electroacupuncture at Trigger point gains better pain relief effectiveness than Electroacupuncture at Meridian point: A non-blind randomized trial of chronic neck pain treatment among patients at Traditional Medicine Hospital

Neck pain is one of the leading causes of disabilities and increasing economic and social burden. Methods affecting the trigger point (TrP) have initially shown good pain relief effectiveness and decreased degree of invasion in patients. The research is conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of Electroacupuncture (EA) at TrP in chronic neck pain (CNP) treatment. A non-blind randomized study on 125 patients with CNP at Traditional Medicine Hospital in Ho Chi Minh City from September 2020 to June 2021. Patients will be randomly classified into EA at the TrP group or EA at the meridian points group. There were 62 patients in the TrP group and 63 patients in the other group. After 4 weeks, in the TrP group, the Questionnaire Douleur Saint-Antoine (QDSA) score of 38.2 ± 2.6 decreased to 9.3 ± 5.7, compared with the meridian points group’s QDSA score of 37.8 ± 2.3 decreased to 12.3 ± 7.1. The percentage of patients to reach good pain relief effectiveness of EA at TrP measured by QDSA is 71.0%, statistically significantly higher than 47.6% of the other group. The decrease in the number of TrPs of EA at TrP is higher and has statistical value compared with EA at meridian points. EA at TrP showed better pain relief effectiveness, has a higher percentage of patients reaching good pain relief effectiveness measured by QDSA, and decreases the number of TrPs more than EA at meridian points does on patients with CNP.

Classification of second harmonic generation effect in magnetically ordered materials

The relationship between magnetic order and the second harmonic generation (SHG) effect is a fundamental area of study in condensed matter physics with significant practical implications. In order to gain a clearer understanding of this intricate relation, this study presents a comprehensive classification scheme for the SHG effect in magnetically ordered materials. This framework offers a straightforward approach to connecting magnetic order and the SHG effect. The characteristics of the SHG tensors in all magnetic point groups are studied using the isomorphic group method, followed by a comprehensive SHG effect classification scheme that includes seven types based on the symmetries of the magnetic phases and their corresponding parent phases. In addition, a tensor dictionary containing the SHG and linear magneto-optic (LMO) effect is established. Furthermore, an extensive SHG database of magnetically ordered materials is also built up. This classification strategy exposes an anomalous SHG effect with even characteristics (i.e., invariant) under time-reversal symmetry, which is solely contributed by magnetic structure. Moreover, the proposed classification scheme facilitates the determination of magnetic structures through the SHG effect.

The Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Magnetic Properties of Mono-Scorpionate Eu(III) Complexes

Three Eu3+ complexes containing a neutral tripodal ligand possessing a predictable coordination mode have been obtained and studied. The trispyrazolylmethane complexes have an aqua ligand in the coordination sphere, forming both the mononuclear species [Eu(HCPz3)H2O(NO3)3] and the dimer [Eu(HCPz3)H2O(CF3SO3)3]2, having a Chinese lantern structure, whereas the use of the methylated tripod leads to the water-free complex, [Eu(HC(PzMe2)3)(NO3)3]. A qualitative analysis of the magnetic susceptibility of polycrystalline samples demonstrated that the magnetic properties can be described using a simple Van Vleck formula with spin–orbit coupling parameter (λ = 383 ÷ 406 cm−1) close to the values for free Eu3+ ions. The stereochemical analysis of the coordination environment of [Ln(HC(PzMe2)3)(NO3)3] has shown that these complexes can be used as diamagnetic model systems to obtain information on the crystal field effects in the paramagnetic monoradical complexes, [LnRad(NO3)3], since both types of compounds have the same type of coordination polyhedron (symmetry point group D3h) and very close Ln–donor atom distances.

Polynator: a tool to identify and quantitatively evaluate polyhedra and other shapes in crystal structures

Polynator is a Python program capable of identifying coordination polyhedra, molecules and other shapes in crystal structures and evaluating their distortions. Distortions are quantified by fitting the vertices of a model to a selected set of atoms. In contrast to earlier programs, models can be deformable, which allows them to represent a point group or a range of shapes such as the set of all trigonal prisms, rather than a specific, rigid shape such as the equilateral trigonal prism. The program comes with a graphical user interface and is freely available. This paper discusses its working principle and illustrates a number of applications.

Discovery of Ferroelectricity in the Fullerene Adduct C60S8.

Fullerenes offer versatile functionalities and are promising materials for a widespread range of applications from biomedicine and energy to electronics. Great efforts have been made to manipulate the symmetries of fullerene and its derivatives for studying material properties and novel effects, such as ferroelectricity with polar symmetry; however, no documentary report has been obtained to realize their ferroelectricity. Here, for the first time, we demonstrated clear ferroelectricity in a fullerene adduct formed by C60 and S8. More is different: the combination of the most symmetric molecule C60 with the highest Ih symmetry and molecule S8 with high D4d symmetry resulted in the polar C60S8 adduct with a low crystallographic symmetry of the C2v (mm2) point group at room temperature. The presented C60S8 undergoes polar-to-polar ferroelectric phase transition with the mm2Fm notation, whose ferroelectricity was confirmed by a ferroelectric hysteresis loop and ferroelectric domain switching. This finding opens up a new functionality for fullerenes and sheds light on the exploration of more ferroelectric fullerenes.

A Chern-Simons theory for dipole symmetry

We present effective field theories for dipole symmetric topological matters that can be described by the Chern-Simons theory. Unlike most studies using higher-rank gauge theory, we develop a framework with both U(1)U(1) and dipole gauge fields. As a result, only the highest multipole symmetry can support the ’t Hooft anomaly. We show that with appropriate point group symmetries, the dipolar Chern-Simons theory can exist in any dimension and, moreover, the bulk-edge correspondence can depend on the boundary. As two applications, we draw an analogy between the dipole anomaly and the torsional anomaly and generalize particle-vortex duality to dipole phase transitions. All of the above are in the flat spacetime limit, but our framework is able to systematically couple dipole symmetry to curved spacetime. Based on that, we give a proposal about anomalous dipole hydrodynamics. Moreover, we show that the fracton-elasticity duality arises naturally from a non-abelian Chern-Simons theory in 3D.

Symmetry Equiincidence of Natural Orbitals.

The symmetry equiincidence principle quantifies the apportionment of the natural orbitals (NOs), ordered according to their nonascending occupation numbers, among the irreducible representations (irreps) of the point group pertaining to the underlying on-top two-electron density. This principle, which is rigorously proven for the resolvable Cs, C2v, C3v, C4v, C6v, D2h, D3h, D4h, D6h, and Oh point groups, states that the symmetry incidences, i.e., the asymptotic probabilities with which the NOs belonging to different irreps occur, are proportional to the squares of irreps' dimensions. Since its proof hinges upon a sufficient number of planes of symmetry among the elements of a given point group, it yields only linear combinations of the symmetry incidences for the quasiresolvable groups with too few such planes and fails for the unresolvable C1, Ci, Cn, Dn, S2n, T, O, and I groups whose nontrivial elements comprise only symmetry axes and/or the center of inversion.

Skeletal abundance of Upper Ordovician coral reefs, Lourdes Formation, western Newfoundland

Reefs experience profound evolutionary and ecological changes through the Early Paleozoic, with the rise and fall of the lower Cambrian archaeocyathan reef and the later advent of other sponge and coral reefs. The Upper Ordovician Lourdes Formation of the Long Point Group, western Newfoundland, preserves small coral bioherms in a series of fault blocks along Long Point on the Port au Port Peninsula. These bioherms, preserved in the Black Duck Member 3, contain tabulate corals, bryozoans, and stromatoporoids adding to their framework. The overlying Beach Point Member preserves deeper water, storm-dominated deposition, and bioherms are absent from this setting. An analysis of skeletal abundance through the point counting of thin sections from samples within and outside the reefs reveal a mosaic of skeletal abundance across these settings. The bioherms and associated channel deposits preserve the highest skeletal abundance whereas the settings just outside of the reefs and in facies overlying the reefs preserve notably lower skeletal abundance. This suggests that reef settings harbored a higher diversity and abundance of skeletonizing organisms, more so than environments adjacent to but outside of the reefs. Though variations in depositional processes can affect the abundance of skeletal material through physical processes, the storm-dominated facies of the Beach Point Member generally contain more abundant oncoids, peloids, and intraclasts than skeletal material. Even when examining broadly similar facies within and outside of reefs, this difference in animal abundance remains. Examining Upper Ordovician coral reefs of the Lourdes Formation reveals that the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event resulted in an increase in skeletal abundance from their earlier reef counterparts, but that the abundance of skeletal animals is driven by particular environmental conditions in reef settings, such as supersaturation of CaCO3, wave activity fostering local increases in oxygen, and warm temperatures. In this way, reefs provided some of the most suitable places for skeletal organisms to thrive in the Early Paleozoic.

Crystal structure of Cs2GdNb6Cl15O3 in the structural evolution of niobium oxychlorides with octa-hedral Nb6-cluster units.

Cs2GdNb6Cl15O3, dicaesium gadolinium hexa-niobium penta-deca-chloride trioxide, was synthesized by solid-state reactions starting from a stoichiometric mixture of CsCl, Gd2O3, Nb, NbCl5, and Nb2O5. The crystal structure is based on octa-hedral Nb6 cluster units (point group symmetry 3.2) with composition [(Nb6Cli 9Oi 3)Cla 6]5- where i and a denote inner and outer ligands. Cs2GdNb6Cl15O3 exhibits 14 valence electrons per cluster unit. The cluster units are linked to each other by CsI and GdIII atoms, whereby CsI (site symmetry 3..) is 12-coordinated by six Cli and six Cla ligands belonging to six neighboring cluster units and GdIII (site symmetry 3.2) is 9-coordinated by three Oi and six Cli ligands belonging to three adjacent cluster units. The arrangement of cluster units corresponds to a stacking of …AA'A… layers along [001]. Cs2GdNb6Cl15O3 is isotypic with Cs2UNb6Cl15O3.

Splitting of Degenerate Superatomic Molecular Orbitals Determined by Point Group Symmetry

We first confirm an idea obtained from first-principles calculations, which is in line with symmetry theory: Although superatomic molecular orbitals (SAMOs) can be classified according to their angular momentum similar to atomic orbitals, SAMOs with the same angular momentum split due to the point group symmetry of superatoms. Based on this idea, we develop a method to quantitatively modulate the splitting spacing of molecular orbitals in a superatom by changing its structural symmetry or by altering geometric parameters with the same symmetry through expansion and compression processes. Moreover, the modulation of the position crossover is achieved between the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital and the highest occupied molecular orbital originating from the splitting of different angular momenta, leading to an effective reduction in system energy. This phenomenon is in line with the implication of the Jahn–Teller effect. This work provides insights into understanding and regulating the electronic structures of superatoms.

Energy and Mobility Models based Performance Evaluation in MANET

Mobile ad hoc networks are constituted with randomly moving nodes and movement of these nodes is depended upon moving model used in the network. Performance of the network directly depends on the movements and energy consumed in a specific time period by the nodes. Also performance of the protocol used for communication depends on the type of mobility model used by that specific protocol. In this paper, performance of AODV (Ad hoc On demand Distance Vector) routing protocol have been evaluated in respect of five mobility models Random Way Point Mobility Model, Manhattan Grid Mobility Model, Gauss Markov Mobility Model, Random Direction Mobility Model, RPGM (Reference Point Group Mobility)). Performance metrics are considered as: average energy consumption and average residual energy. By varying the network connections, speed of the nodes, and node densities, in different scenarios, routing protocol has been simulated in network simulator 2. Simulation results show that reference point group mobility model is best suitable model as compared to other mobility models for AODV protocol in terms of energy consumption.

Chabauty limits of groups of involutions In SL(2,F) for local fields

We classify Chabauty limits of groups fixed by various (abstract) involutions over SL ( 2 , F ) , where F is a finite field-extension of Q p , with p ≠ 2 . To do so, we first classify abstract involutions over SL ( 2 , F ) with F a quadratic extension of Q p , and prove p-adic polar decompositions with respect to various subgroups of p-adic SL 2 . Then we classify Chabauty limits of: SL ( 2 , F ) ⊂ SL ( 2 , E ) where E is a quadratic extension of F, of SL ( 2 , R ) ⊂ SL ( 2 , C ) , and of H θ ⊂ SL ( 2 , F ) , where H θ is the fixed point group of an F-involution θ over SL ( 2 , F ) .

Crystal structure of bis-(3-carb-oxy-1-methyl-pyrid-inium) octa-bromide.

The crystal structure of the title salt, bis-(3-carb-oxy-1-methyl-pyridinium) octa-bromide, 2C7H8NO2 +·Br8 2-, consists of 3-carb-oxy-1-methyl-pyridinium (N-methyl-nicotinic acid) cations, which are stacked between relatively rare [Br8]2- anions. The polybromide [Br8]2- anion has point group symmetry and can be described as being composed of two [Br3]- anions connected with a Br2 mol-ecule in a Z-shaped manner. Contacts between neighboring octa-bromide anions ensure the creation of pseudo-polymeric chains propagating along [111]. The organic cations are located between anionic chains and are connected to each other through O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and to the [Br8]2- anions through π⋯Br inter-actions that induce the creation of a supra-molecular tri-periodic network. In addition, the presence of weak C-H⋯Br contacts leads to the creation of layers, which align parallel to (11).

Water quality monitoring and measuring physicochemical parameters using wireless sensor networks

In a world grappling with the dire consequences of poor sanitation and inadequate water conditions, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive solution. The staggering statistics of over 400 million affected cases and 15–25 million lives lost worldwide underscore the gravity of the situation. This paper addresses this critical issue by introducing a novel approach to water quality monitoring that leverages wireless sensor networks. Traditional monitoring techniques have proven inefficient in combating the proactive contamination of water sources. These methods often involve the cumbersome grouping of various points within the distribution network, resulting in delayed outcomes, labour-intensive processes and a lack of real-time data. To overcome these limitations, this study presents a paradigm shift by employing wireless sensor networks as a viable alternative. Our proposed system boosts capability to measure a range of physicochemical parameters linked to water quality, including reductions in potential, conductivity, pH level, temperature and flow rate. By scrutinising these parameters, our sensors effectively detect water contaminants, enabling a proactive response to potential threats. To achieve this, we have meticulously designed and implemented sensors equipped with signal conditioning circuits. These sensors are seamlessly integrated into a network, with each node connected to a microcontroller responsible for data analysis and processing. This integration ensures real-time monitoring, the rapid detection of water quality deviations and swift response mechanisms.

A Deep-Learning-Based Secure Routing Protocol to Avoid Blackhole Attacks in VANETs.

Vehicle ad hoc networks (VANETs) are a vital part of intelligent transportation systems (ITS), offering a variety of advantages from reduced traffic to increased road safety. Despite their benefits, VANETs remain vulnerable to various security threats, including severe blackhole attacks. In this paper, we propose a deep-learning-based secure routing (DLSR) protocol using a deep-learning-based clustering (DLC) protocol to establish a secure route against blackhole attacks. The main features and contributions of this paper are as follows. First, the DLSR protocol utilizes deep learning (DL) at each node to choose secure routing or normal routing while establishing secure routes. Additionally, we can identify the behavior of malicious nodes to determine the best possible next hop based on its fitness function value. Second, the DLC protocol is considered an underlying structure to enhance connectivity between nodes and reduce control overhead. Third, we design a deep neural network (DNN) model to optimize the fitness function in both DLSR and DLC protocols. The DLSR protocol considers parameters such as remaining energy, distance, and hop count, while the DLC protocol considers cosine similarity, cosine distance, and the node's remaining energy. Finally, from the performance results, we evaluate the performance of the proposed routing and clustering protocol in the viewpoints of packet delivery ratio, routing delay, control overhead, packet loss ratio, and number of packet losses. Additionally, we also exploit the impact of the mobility model such as reference point group mobility (RPGM) and random waypoint (RWP) on the network metrics.

Hearing Loss in the Elderly: A Proposal for Intervention in Primary Health Care

To evaluate the performance of professionals regarding knowledge about hearing loss in the elderly, through theoretical and practical training by a speech therapist. An intervention study was carried out with 87 Primary Health Care professionals in a municipality of Brazil. A survey of the participants’ knowledge related to hearing loss was performed using a data collection instrument composed of items related to both sociodemographic conditions and specific questions concerning the topic. This instrument was applied in two stages: before training and after training. The participants’ performance in relation to knowledge about hearing health was estimated by subtracting the post-training score from that obtained in pre-training. Participants were classified in higher performance (≥4 points) and lower performance (<4 points) groups. Other variables were collected: sex, age, occupation, schooling level, and length of professional service in health. The performance comparison estimated mean and the 95% confidence interval were calculated by the aforementioned variables using Student’s t-test. A comparison of these variables with higher performance was conducted using the X2 test with a significance level of 5%. After training, there was an increase in the average performance of about 30% ( p < .01). The highest performance was more frequent among professionals who reported having high school and below levels of education ( p < .01) and who were community health agents ( p = .01). The performance of the professionals regarding their knowledge about screening for hearing loss increased. The training showed low complexity and was feasible for health professionals.

Hybrid Detection Algorithm and Study on the Quantity and Brightness Evolution Characteristics of Photospheric Bright Point Groups

Photospheric bright points (BPs), the smallest magnetic elements in the photosphere, are constantly moving and changing. Studying the characteristics of these small-scale strong magnetic fields with kilogauss magnitudes could be of significant importance for investigating the coronal heating problem. Compared to the study of a few specific BPs, investigating the collective features of BP groups can provide us with a better understanding of the overall characteristics of BPs. However, there is still a lack of research on the evolution of BP groups, and the detection algorithm of BPs still has a lot of space for improvement. We propose a hybrid BP detection model (HBD-Model) that combines traditional algorithms and deep learning to improve detection accuracy. Using the HBD-Model, we focus on studying the evolution characteristics of the quantity and brightness of BP groups at different brightness levels and how these characteristics differ between quiet and active regions. Results show that the activity of BP groups is not random or disorderly. In different brightness levels and regions, their quantity and brightness evolution exhibit periodic or complex changes.

Chern-Insulator Phase in Antiferromagnets.

The long-sought Chern insulators that manifest a quantum anomalous Hall effect are typically considered to occur in ferromagnets. Here, we theoretically predict the realizabilities of Chern insulators in antiferromagnets, in which the magnetic sublattices are connected by symmetry operators enforcing zero net magnetic moment. Our symmetry analysis provides comprehensive magnetic layer point groups that allow antiferromagnetic (AFM) Chern insulators, revealing that an in-plane magnetic configuration is required. Followed by first-principles calculations, such design principles naturally lead to two categories of material candidates, exemplified by monolayer RbCr4S8 and bilayer Mn3Sn with collinear and noncollinear AFM orders, respectively. We further show that the Chern number could be tuned by slight ferromagnetic canting as an effective pivot. Our work elucidates the nature of the Chern-insulator phase in AFM systems, paving a new avenue for designing quantum anomalous Hall insulators with the integration of nondissipative transport and the promising advantages of the AFM order.

Achiral Au(I) Cyclic Trinuclear Complexes with High‐Efficiency Circularly Polarized Near‐Infrared TADF

AbstractRealizing high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) in the near‐infrared (NIR) region is challenging and valuable for luminescent material, especially for thermally activated delay fluorescence (TADF) material. In this work, we report two achiral cyclic trinuclear Au(I) complexes, Au3(4‐Clpyrazolate)3 and Au3(4‐Brpyrazolate)3 (denoted as Cl−Au and Br−Au), obtained through the reaction of 4‐chloro‐1H‐pyrazole and 4‐bromo‐1H‐pyrazole with Au(I) salts, respectively. Both Cl−Au and Br−Au exhibit TADF with high PLQY (>70 %) in the NIR I (700–900 nm) (λmax = 720 nm) region, exceeding other NIR−TADF emitters in the solid state. Photophysical experiments and theoretical calculations confirmed the efficient NIR−TADF properties of Cl−Au and Br−Au were attributed to the small energy gapΔE(S1‐T2) (S = singlet, T = triplet) and the large spin‐orbital coupling induced by ligand‐to‐metal‐metal charge transfer of molecular aggregations. In addition, both complexes crystallize in the achiral Pna21 space group (mm2 point group) and are circularly polarized light (CPL) active with maxima luminescent dissymmetry factor |glum| of 3.4 × 10−3 (Cl−Au) and 2.7 × 10−3 (Br−Au) for their crystalline powder samples, respectively. By using Cl−Au as the emitting ink, 3D‐printed luminescent logos are fabricated, which own anti‐counterfeiting functions due to its CPL behavior dependent on the crystallinity.