Pneumonia In Sheep Research Articles

Progressive Pneumonia in Sheep: Incidence of Natural Infection and Establishment of Clean Flocks

Progressive Pneumonia in Sheep: Incidence of Natural Infection and Establishment of Clean Flocks

Experimental studies of chronic pneumonia of sheep

Strains of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae and Pasteurella haemolytica isolated from sheep affected with chronic pneumonia were inoculated by endobronchial route to conventionally-reared and SPF (Specific Pathogen-Free) lambs. Changes resembling those of the naturally-occurring disease were produced in most lambs given the organisms in combination and in some given M. ovipneumoniae alone. Similar but less extensive changes were seen in SPF lambs and fewer animals were affected. Different strains of M. ovipneumoniae did not affect the extent of changes produced in SPF lambs. M. ovipneumoniae became established in the lungs of both types of sheep; P. haemolytica did so less readily. It was concluded that chronic pneumonia may be reproduced in conventional animals by combined inoculation of M. ovipneumoniae and P. haemolytica. Age and status of immunity to mycoplasmas may account for the different responses of conventional and SPF lambs.

Isolation of mycoplasmas from pneumonic sheep lungs in the Sudan

Sixty-four pneumonic sheep lungs were examined for mycoplasmas. Eleven isolates were recovered and were identified on generally accepted criteria as mycoplasma. Four isolates were lost during storage and the remaining seven were divided on the basis of their colonial appearance and other biological properties into two groups.

The serological reactions of mycoplasma isolated from pneumonic sheep lungs in the Sudan

Seven mycoplasma isolated from pneumonic sheep lungs were found to belong to two serologically unrelated groups. Isolates in one group reacted strongly with antisera to M arginini in the metabolic inhibition and growth inhibition tests. All isolates except one failed to react with antisera to M mycoides var capri or M mycoides var mycoides. The results of the present work support the previously reported division of the isolates into two groups on the basis of their biological properties.

Pneumonia in sheep: does it affect weight gain?

Pneumonia in sheep: does it affect weight gain?

Pneumonia in sheep: Does it affect weight gain?

Pneumonia in sheep: Does it affect weight gain?

STUDY ON PNEUMONIA IN SHEEP WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THOSE CASES ASSOCIATED WITH MYCOPLASMA SPECIES

STUDY ON PNEUMONIA IN SHEEP WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THOSE CASES ASSOCIATED WITH MYCOPLASMA SPECIES

Some physical properties of a sheep pneumonia strain of Chlamydia psittaci

Some physical properties of a sheep pneumonia strain of Chlamydia psittaci

In vitrosensitivity of New Zealand strains ofMycoplasma ovipneumoniaeto some antibiotics

Abstract Extract Carmichael et al. (1972 Carmichael, L. E., St. George, T. D., Sullivan, N. D. and Horsfall, N. 1972. Isolation, propagation and characterization studies of an ovine mycoplasma responsible for proliferative interstitial pneumonia. Cornell Vet., 62: 654–679. [Google Scholar]) concluded that Mycoplasmal ovipneumoniae plays a role in the development of proliferative interstitial pneumonia in sheep in Australia. The apparent similarity of the Australian disease to the chronic pneumonia which is widespread in New Zealand sheep prompted the investigations by Alley et al. (1975 Alley, M. R., Quinlan, Janet R. and Clarke, J. K. 1975. A survey of the prevalence of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae and Mycoplasma arginini in the respiratory tract of sheep in New Zealand. N.Z. vet. J., 23: 137–141. [Taylor & Francis Online] , [Google Scholar]) which showed M. ovipneumoniae is prevalent in the sheep population and is present in a relatively high concentration in the lungs of affected animals. Because of the possible economic significance of the disease, a survey of the sensitivities of 40 isolates of M. ovipneumoniae to antibiotics; was undertaken and the results are reported here. This investigation is confined to in vitro studies and was undertaken to obtain data which may be relevant when choosing antibiotics to test in any subsequent in vivo study.

The prevalence of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae and Mycoplasma arginini in the respiratory tract of sheep.

Abstract Extract In an initial study of mycoplasmas of the respiratory tract of New Zealand sheep a number of strains of mycoplasma were recovered and identified as either M. ovipneumoniae or M. arginini (Clarke et al., 1974 Clarke, J. K., Brown, V. G. and Alley, M. R. 1974. Isolation and identification of mycoplasmas from the respiratory tract of sheep in New Zealand. N.Z. vet. J., 22: 117–121. [Taylor & Francis Online] , [Google Scholar]). Investigations in Australia have produced evidence that M. ovipneumoniae is associated with a proliferative interstitial pneumonia in Queensland sheep (Sullivan et al., 1973 Sullivan, N. D., St. George, T. D. and Horsfall, N. 1973. A proliferative interstitial pneumonia of sheep associated with mycoplasma infection. I. Natural history of the disease in a flock. Aust. vet. J., 49: 57–62. [Google Scholar]) and for this reason the present survey was undertaken to investigate the prevalence of mycoplasmas in the respiratory tract of sheepin New Zealand.

The bacterial flora of the respiratory tract of normal and pneumonic sheep.

Abstract Extract For many years chronic and subacute pneumonia has been recognized as a common finding in the lungs of lambs at slaughter throughout New Zealand. While the effect of the disease on weight gain is not clear, there can be no doubt that residual pleuritis is an important cause of economic loss through high condemnation rates of carcasses.

Identity of mycoplasmas from sheep pneumonia in Queensland and Victoria.

Identity of mycoplasmas from sheep pneumonia in Queensland and Victoria.

Interspecies patterns of slow virus diseases.

A concise definition of virus diseases is difficult to achieve, as criteria for this group of diseases are unclear. It is likely that several types of agents are incorrectly considered as viruses at present. As more is learned about them there will probably be considerable reclassification of the diseases so designated. The term slow is not new. In the early 1950's Sigurdsson (1-3), an Icelandic pathologist, applied the name to maedi, a slowly pro­ gressive pneumonia of sheep, to rida, a chronic encephalitis of sheep (prob­ ably identical to scrapie), and to Johne's disease, a mycobacterial infection of the intestine of cattle. Sigurdsson's criteria were: (a) a long latent period lasting from several months to several years; (b) a protracted course, usually ending in death; and (c) strict host specificity and sometimes familial pre­ disposition for the specific disease. Other characteristics now known to be associated with viral in­ fections are persistence of the agent in the infected host for much or all of its life, and a long, continued host response which may in itself be part of the disease process (e.g., circulating antigen-antibody complexes). In general, however, the host responses are minimal. Although it was some time before Sigurdsson's ideas became widely accepted, the concept of in­ fections has exerted considerable influence on thinking about diseases of a progressive, degenerative nature with long course and obscure etiology. In­ terpretation of Sigurdsson's theory by comparative pathologists has opened an entirely new field of research in chronic diseases. This work has recently been reviewed by Abinanti (4), Field (5), and Gibbs & Gajdusek (6). I t has been said that there are no viruses, only virologists. This statement serves to illustrate the difficulty of understanding these important but mysterious diseases. The most perplexing aspect has been the time inter­ val of one, five, or even twenty years between initial exposure and entry of the infectious agent into the host, and eventual overt expression of the dis­ ease. Thus, even though it may be improper to refer to these as viruses, for some of them replicate rapidly, the delay in expression of the diseases has been the chief obstacle to understanding their pathogenesis. In retrospect, this possibility should have been anticipated, for extended

Experimental pneumonia of sheep: Clinical, microbiological and pathological responses to infection with Myxovirus parainfluenzae 3 and Pasteurella haemolytica

Experimental pneumonia induced by Pasteurella haemolytica was slightly more severe clinically when Myxovirus parain fluenza 3 was inoculated 3 days previously. The greater severity was shown by earlier deaths, higher fatality and more prolonged febrile periods in the survivors. Virus inoculation alone resulted in almost imperceptible illness. The pathological changes also tended to be more severe in animals receiving dual infections, but there was no evidence of synergism between the 2 agents. Lesions in surviving animals showed a quantitative variation unrelated to the dose of Past. haemolytica. There was insufficient evidence to suggest a key role for the virus in the pathogenesis of enzootic pneumonia.

Experimental transmission of pneumonia in sheep with a mycoplasma isolated from pneumonic sheep lung.

Australian Veterinary JournalVolume 47, Issue 6 p. 282-283 EXPERIMENTAL TRANSMISSION OF PNEUMONIA IN SHEEP WITH A MYCOPLASMA ISOLATED FROM PNEUMONIC SHEEP LUNG First published: June 1971 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1971.tb02159.xCitations: 9AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume47, Issue6June 1971Pages 282-283 RelatedInformation

The histopathology of maedi a slow, viral pneumonia of sheep.

The histopathology of natural and experimental maedi, a slow-viral pneumonia of sheep, was studied. The main histological features are chronic interstitial inflammation with dense cellular infiltration, hyperplasia of smooth musculature in alveolar septa, and slight fibrosis; peribronchial and perivascular lymphoid hyperplasia, and epithelial proliferation in small bronchi and bronchioles accompanied in far advanced cases by epithelialization of the alveoli. The histopathology of maedi bears a close resemblance to pulmonary diseases of sheep reported under different terms in various parts of the world.

Pneumonia in sheep.

Pneumonia in sheep.

The isolation of Neisseria sp. from pneumonic sheep lungs.

Extract Sir,—In the course of routine bacteriology on pnemonic sheep lungs, a Neisseria sp. has been isolated on a number of ocassions both on its own and together with Pasteurella haemolytica. As a result of the isolation of this Neisseria sp. and because of the absence of reports in the veterinary literature of such isolations, it was decided to examine fresh abbatoir material.

Seasonal variations in sheep pneumonia.

Seasonal variations in sheep pneumonia.

The lung in zwoegerziekte.

The lungs in zwoegerziekte, a chronic pulmonary disease, are greatly increased in weight, do not collapse, and are either pale and dry or mottled with grey consolidation. The initial stage is characterized by peribronchial, perivascular, and solitary lymphoid hyperplasia and cellular infiltration of alveolar septa with consequent thickening. Fibrosis or myofibrosis, thickening of arterial walls, epithelial proliferation of air passages, and alveolar fetalization characterized the end stage. Pathologically zwoegerziekte, maedi, and progressive pneumonia have predominantly a mesenchymal reaction and belong to a single entity, chronic interstitial pneumonia of sheep. Zwoegerziekte bears close pathologic similarity to ‘la bouhite’ and ‘Graaff-Reinet disease’ but differs from pulmonary adenomatosis. Whether atypical pneumonia, also a type of interstitial pneumonia but different from maedi, occur in The Netherlands and may complicate some cases of zwoegerziekte is not known.