Pluralistic Nation Research Articles

Iranian Identity and National Oppression: Crafting the Modern Iranian Nation–State

During Iran's 2022–2023 countrywide uprising, the intensity of popular protests in Kurdistan and Baluchistan drew attention to the question of national oppression. Some scholars then revisited a debate, originally articulated in Marxist circles, on whether Iran's culturally and politically oppressed communities, like Azeris, Kurds, Baluchis or Arabs, are ethnic or national minorities. This article approaches the debate within the frame of national oppression as a historical construction. It argues that in Iran, as in almost all modern nation-states, nationhood was established through the forcible creation of minoritized communities whose potential claims to nationhood, or an equal place in a politically democratic and culturally pluralist nation, have been denied.

Study of Marriage Age Limit According to Indonesian Marriage Law

Indonesia is a country that is blessed with being a pluralistic nation, consisting of several tribes, religions, and cultures. For this reason, the recognition of customary law is also recognized as long as it still exists, and the implementation of marriages is also according to customary law, which is in accordance with the customary law of each region. The research method uses normative research. The findings showed that the age of the prospective groom was 19 years and that of the prospective bride was 16 years. After the amendment, there are no differences. These age limits for marriage are a measure of the maturity of persons who want to marry, carried out by people who have not reached the age of marriage.

Pemenuhan Kewajiban Dan Tanggung Jawab Pemerintah Daerah Terhadap Hak Pendidikan Anak Di Kabupaten Bangka Selatan

One of the principles of a rule of law is the principle of legality, which means that every government legal action must be based on applicable laws and regulations or every government legal action must be based on the authority granted by laws and regulations. By relying on the principle of legality, the government carries out various legal actions. Because every legal action implies the use of authority, it implies an obligation to be responsible. In accordance with the principle "geen bevoegodheidzonder verantwoordelijkheid." The government's responsibility towards citizens or third parties is adhered to by almost all countries based on law. It is clear that every use of authority contains responsibility, however, it must also be stated about the methods of obtaining and exercising authority. Because not all state administration officials who carry out government authority automatically bear legal responsibility. Each country has its own laws and regulations. There is a juridical basis for education in Indonesia which has a set of laws and regulations which are the starting point for the education system in Indonesia. In the future, we will find that there are still many laws that have not achieved their goals, because the Indonesian nation is a pluralistic nation, therefore it is certainly not easy to achieve all goals quickly and briefly. To achieve our educational goals we need positive support from all aspects of society, education providers and the government. because the aim of providing good education and in accordance with educational foundations and implementing education based on law is to make education providers focused, orderly and in accordance with the roots of national culture. The formulation of the problem in this writing is how to analyze the implementation of the right to education as a constitutional right in Indonesia. The type of research that will be used in writing this law is normative and empirical research. This is basically a combination of a normative legal approach with the addition of various empirical elements.

PerilakuSosial Antar Umat BeragamaTerhadap Anak- Anak di Kabupaten Ngawi

Indonesia is a pluralistic nation with a wide range of diversity, including social, political, racial, cultural, and religious ones. Religious differences frequently result in strained relationships between members of a community, especially kids in Ngawi Regency. Religion in the Ngawi Regency community naturally provides a blend of individual and group characters in socializing and will influence social behavior patterns against the backdrop of cultural diversity. The goal of the study was to use interviewing and observational data gathering methods to understand how interreligious social conduct toward children in Ngawi Regency. The findings of this study reveal that youngsters in Ngawi Regency exhibit interreligious social conduct extremely well, happily, amicably, enthusiastically, and preserving numerous community activities.

Narasi Alternatif dalam Pembelajaran Sejarah untuk Pendidikan Multikultural di Indonesia

Indonesia is currently experiencing symptoms of strengthening identity politics. As a pluralistic nation, this phenomenon is certainly dangerous because it can lead to social conflict and national disintegration. This research was conducted with the aim that educational institutions can play a role and minimize this potential. What he can do is to instill the values of multiculturalism in learning practices, especially in history learning. For this reason, the problems that are tried to be put forward in this research are: 1) what is meant of multiculturalism education? 2) what is the conception of multiculturalism education in history learning? 3) how to develop multiculturalism narrative in history learning materials?. This research uses literature study method. In the literature study, data were obtained from several library sources such as journal articles, books, internet, newspapers and magazines. From the results of the study, it was revealed that multiculturalism education is a concept that was created to help someone understand and appreciate regardless of the high or low culture, ethnicity, religion, race, gender, language, economic ability to disability inherent in a person. Learning history with a multiculturalism approach is ideological. In history learning, multiculturalism education can be carried out by accommodating students' cultural differences, utilizing culture as a source of content, and using history as a tool to understand other people's cultures in order to grow mutual respect, tolerance, a sense of unity and the spirit of nationalism. A historical event that can be used as an alternative narrative in the development of multiculturalism education is when Suharto at the beginning of his reign tried to re-establish Pancasila and the 45’ constitution as the ideology and basis of the state amid the threat of ideological conflicts between political parties and the emergence of an inclusive Islamic movement led by Nurcholish Madjid as a response to the death of the movement Islamic politics during the New Order era.

Building Religious Moderation Based on Al-Qur'an Values in Education in Medan Tembung District

Religious moderation is the moderate understanding and practice of worship in religion, balanced, not extreme and exaggerated. Islam is a religion of rahmatan lil 'alamin, so religion needs to be manifested to become a problem solver in overcoming national problems. One of the nation's problems is the existence of radicalism thoughts and movements, namely thoughts and behaviors that put more emphasis on religious understanding which is harsh and extreme in nature and has an impact on the behavior of religious intolerance. Therefore, there is a need for religious moderation as a solution. Educational institutions are one of the strategic tools and are very appropriate to be "laboratories of religious moderation". Schools as educational institutions can build Qur'an-based religious moderation on the condition that exclusive views and acts of violent extremism in religious cloaks will damage the joints and fabric of a pluralistic nation. There are three main ways in which radical understanding and intolerance can penetrate the school environment; First, extracurricular activities. Second, the role of the teacher in the teaching and learning process. Third, through weak school policies in controlling the entry of radicalism in schools.

Upaya Membangun Sikap Moderasi Beragama Mahasiswa melalui Pembelajaran Agama Islam Berbasis Masalah

The Indonesian nation is known as a pluralistic nation (religion, culture, language, customs). The plurality of the nation brings two consequences, namely strength, and conflict. Become a strength if the Indonesian people are able to accept pluralism, and becomes a conflict if they cannot accept pluralism. Of course, we all hope that this plurality will become the strength of the nation. Therefore, it is necessary to build the strength of this nation with its plurality. One of the efforts that can be done to build the strength of religious communities is to build an attitude of religious moderation. Efforts to build students’ religious moderation can be done in various ways, one of which is through problem-based learning. The purpose of this study is to reveal the problem-based learning of the Islamic Religion as an effort to build students’ religious moderation attitudes in public universities. The research method used is qualitative with a phenomenological approach and survey. The subjects of this study were Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa students from the faculty of teacher training and education in the Islamic Religion course. Data is collected through observation, documentation, and questionnaires. The research was conducted by observing Islamic religious learning and strengthening it by studying learning documents. The results show that problem-based Islamic learning can shape students' religious moderation attitudes.

Implementasi nilai toleransi tingkat elementary school di jungle school kota salatiga

<p class="Abstract">Tolerance is a way of thinking that can be translated into an act of mutual openness, mutual respect, character or attitude of respect for different positions and / or contrary to their position as a necessity for a pluralistic nation. The implementation of theTolerance Value Elementary Level in the Jungle School of Salatiga City can be seen when the learning is carried out. Teaching and learning activities are carried out as a form of habituation to create the implementation of the value of tolerance, so that the Jungle School creates a peaceful and tolerant atmosphere. This research is a qualitative research with a case study method. Jungle School was chosen as the subject in this study. Data analysis in the study used an interactive model analysis technique by Miles and Huberman. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of the value of tolerance has been carried out well in the Jungle School with an indication that all aspects of tolerance have been carried out.</p><p class="Abstract"> </p>

The Nature of Tolerance in the Frame of Christian Faith as a Contribution to Building the Unity of the Nation

Intolerant attitudes and actions that result in horizontal conflicts are inevitable in the life of a pluralistic nation like Indonesia. They hinder, however, the development of the nation's integrity protected and fought for decades by its founding fathers. Through this paper, Indonesian Christians are expected to be aware of the importance of their nation's integrity and of them living in harmony, which will bring peace. This study used a descriptive qualitative method with a literature study approach. It concluded that a correct understanding of the nature of tolerance within the framework of the Christian faith is necessary to contribute to building national unity. The tolerance possessed by Christians will maximize their role in contributing to practical building of national unity in daily life, such as in carrying out activities that emphasize coexistence and mutual respect as the realization of obedience to God's word. Christians also need to participate in inter-religious dialogue to find solutions to the problem of disintegration. Thus, the role of Christians in building national unity and integrity through tolerance has an impact on the harmony, security, and sustainability of the state.

Pluralism versus Pluralization. How the Protection of Cultural Diversity Can Turn Against New Forms of Religious Diversity

Objective/Context: This paper examines the arguments of the Constitutional Court of Colombia in a sentence declaring that Pentecostalism represents a threat to indigenous cultures and to the country’s cultural diversity. The sentence was issued in 1998, a few years after the political Constitution (1991) declared that Colombia is a pluralist nation that protects the cultural diversity of the country and the right to religious freedom. Methodology: A qualitative and hermeneutical study of the sentence was implemented to understand the arguments presented by the Court. Subsequently, a critical analysis of those arguments was carried out, questioning the pluralist presuppositions related to key categories such as “indigenous cultures,” “religion,” and “diversity.” Conclusions: The pluralist institution has been unable to recognize the dynamic and manifold realities of lived religion, as well as the problems related to the double marginalization of a religious minority within an ethnic minority. Furthermore, the pluralist imperative to protect cultural diversity places limits upon alterity and promotes new forms of exclusion. Originality: The jurisprudence under scrutiny is not studied in its legal or ethical dimensions—as it has been done in the past—but as the implementation of a pluralist ideology grounded in a certain worldview. Thus, pluralism is critically examined in its ontological, axiological, epistemological, and praxeological principles.

Poetry of Belonging: Muslim Imaginings of India, 1850–1950, by Ali Khan Mahmudabad

This book by Ali Khan Mahmudabad, which explores the spaces of Urdu poetry from the mid-nineteenth to the mid-twentieth centuries, comes at a critical time in the history of the Indian nation state. This is a moment when the idea of India as a pluralistic nation and society, particularly in terms of the place of Muslims within it, is under severe threat. It is thus a timely reminder of how Muslims, but also Hindus, used Urdu poetry and its performance in the mushaira, to define India and express their belonging to it outside the narrow framework of the nation state. The vehicle of poetry allowed them to inflect India, as well as the Muslim community, with a local flavour that was at the same time located in a much broader transnational framework. While several scholars have made this particular argument before, few have focused so extensively on Urdu poetry...

The Holy Spirit and Other Spirits in Asia: Discernment of Spirits in Non-Christian Religions

Malaysia is an ethnically diverse and religiously pluralistic nation. Within its population Christians number 9.2% while the remainder is comprised of Muslims (61.3%), Buddhists (19.8%), Hindus (6.3%), and other religions (3.4%) such as Confucianism, Taoism, folk/traditional/animistic religions, and others (Department of Statistics Malaysia, 2010). It is thus not surprising that any non-Christian to Christian encounter should implicate followers of Jesus, who are trying to understand whether non-Christians may be following the right path towards truth and also whether the spirits they worship are in any biblical sense the Spirit of truth of which Jesus speaks (Jn. 14:17; 15:26; 16:13) or that of another spirit. If interreligious relationships can be understood in this context, then the task of discerning the spirits, whether it is the Holy Spirit or “other” spirits at work, is of great importance. Biblically, all Christians are called to discern the spirits (1 Jn. 4:1-3) of those at work in this world as well as the truth or error that may be perpetuated behind these spirits.

Pancasila and an Attempt to Revitalize Religious Tolerance in Yogyakarta

The background of this paper is because of the socio-cultural and religious problems around us, which are increasingly complex and multidimensional, the values and culture of tolerance among religious people as well as between religious communities are increasingly being eroded and are no longer used as guidelines in behaving in everyday life. The Indonesian nation is a plural and pluralistic nation. Therefore plurality cannot be eliminated, but it needs to be adequately managed not negatively to impact tolerance and the application of Pancasila values. Tolerance, namely, allowing other people to think differently, to do things that do not agree with us. Without us being bothered or intimidated or in a social, cultural and religious context, attitudes and actions prohibit discrimination against different groups or are unacceptable by the community. This study uses a qualitative method with the formal object is Pancasila, and the material object is religious intolerance in Yogyakarta. This study finds values that must be realized to increase religious tolerance in Indonesia, especially in Yogyakarta.

Pengalaman Perjumpaan Kebudayaan Jawa dan Flores Di Bagorejo Banyuwangi-Jawa Timur Dan Pentingnya Pendidikan Multikultural

The focus of this writing study aims to share a reflection of the experience of encounters between Javanese culture and Manggarai culture in Bagorejo Banyuwangi, East Java. The experience of this encounter reminds the author of the importance of multicultural education in Indonesia. As a pluralistic nation, encounters with other cultures cannot be avoided. On the one hand, the encounter enriches one another. However, on the other hand, the encounter caused a lot of conflict because of different perceptions and views. Based on this, it is very necessary to have a multicultural education system that starts from the elementary school level through learning and the introduction of other cultures. Through an education system like this, the authors found that to overcome attitudes of intolerance and radicalism that often occur in the country, an adequate multicultural understanding is needed. One of them is through multicultural learning which can be carried out with the Live-In program like the author did.

MENGKAJI NILAI-NILAI KEARIFAN LOKAL PERANG OBOR TERHADAP SEMANGAT NASIONALISME

Humans and culture are two inseparable elements. Culture is a natural wealth that is created because of hereditary customs created by humans themselves. The Torch War in Tegalsambi Village, Jepara Regency is one example of a culture that has been inherent for a long time. The Torch War is a traditional performance attraction as an expression of gratitude to God Almighty. The Torch War has local wisdom values ??such as togetherness, mutual cooperation, tolerance, empathy, solidarity, and religion. The greatness of the soul in a pluralistic nation is very important for the continuity of life in society, nation and state. The values ??of local wisdom from a culture must be able to strengthen its identity as a nation that has a spirit of nationalism. This research examines the values ??of local wisdom contained in the torch war tradition in terms of the spirit of nationalism which refers to Pancasila as the basis for the philosophy of the Indonesian nation. The method used in assessing the values ??of local wisdom of the Torch War against the spirit of nationalism is descriptive qualitative analysis. The analysis was carried out based on an in-depth literature study by prioritizing data and facts from the field. The results of the description in this study indicate that the values ??of local wisdom contained in the torch war tradition are in line with the norms of life which are based on the points of Pancasila as the basis of the nation's philosophy.

Konsep Pendidikan Multikultural menurut Nadirsyah Hosen

Education is the most important factor in efforts to develop potential and knowledge and cultural values. In the context of a society that has diversity in various aspects ranging from religion, ethnicity, ethnicity to culture, it needs deep understanding as well as awareness of the importance of multicultural education to maintain togetherness and integrity of a nation. In an effort to realize these efforts, multicullural education is interpreted as a process of understanding the diversity that exists and the similarities to be able to respect each other. In order to realize an understanding of multiculturalism, it must be endeavored in the right way, namely through education. The focus of this research is (l) what is the concept of multicultural education according to Nadirsyah Hosen? (2) how is the relevance of Nadirsyah Hosen's multicultural education concept with the aim of Islamic education? In order to find answers to the above questions, the authors conducted research using a library research research approach or commonly referred to as literature review research. Sources of data obtained for this research library research can be in the form of research journals, dissertations, theses, theses, research reports, text books, papers, seminar reports, and / or official publications of the government or other institutions. The references are then processed using the content analysis method which aims to obtain the contents of the data and information then analyzed with a deductive thinking model, which departs from general theory to find applicative conclusions. The findings in this study are as follows: (l) The concept of multicultural education in Nadirsyah Hosen's view is to implement education that engages students who are not only intellectually intelligent but aware of national diversity. Providing equal opportunities to all students in obtaining education regardless of differences in racial, cultural, ethnic and religious backgrounds, in order to avoid discriminatory attitudes, fanaticism so as to form a tolerant attitude, respect for differences and culture. (2) Nadirsyah Hosen's thoughts regarding multicultural education are relevant to the goals of Islamic education. In Islam it is explained that the purpose of education is in accordance with the purpose of the creation of Allah's creatures. Becoming the unifier of the nation forms human beings who not only worship Allah or Ghair Mahdah but also respect the diversity of the nation which is known as mahdah worship. The relation with multicultural education is that religion has strong foundations in implementing education that understands a pluralistic nation

How Should Medical School Admissions Drive Health Care Workforce Diversity?

Over the past decade, holistic review has been implemented to motivate schools' compliance with state and federal laws about how to regard race in admissions processes and decisions. From clinical, ethical, and public health standpoints, physician workforce diversification is widely regarded as foundational to medicine's capacity as a profession to respond justly to the health care needs of a pluralistic nation. In response to a case, this commentary considers merits and limitations of holistic review's roles in advancing health professional workforce diversity and health equity.

KOMUNIKASI POLITIK SINGAPURA

Singapore is a pluralistic nation consisting of various ethnicities. The majority of ethnic groups are Chinese, Malay, Indian. As a city-state that was only independent in 1965, it has various potentials, including the potential for reliable human resources. The state of Singapore was originally a Malay territory, the Sultanate of Johor. However, the area was in dispute with England. After Japan occupied Tamasek or Singapore, Singapore's sovereignty became irregular. After Japan lost to the Allies, power in Singapore became vacant. However, after independence, Singapore became a country ruled by the Prime Minister, Lee Kuan Yew. The Singapore government is of global concern because the Malay mainland is held by ethnic Chinese. This fame was coupled with the cleverness of Lee Kuan Yew's thinking in running a political system that accentuated various modern thoughts. This article uses the Agenda Setting Theory and Content Analysis methods. This paper shows that Singapore's Political Communication adapted to Chinese, Western and Malay thinking.

Intersectional Religious Agency: Mauritian Muslim Women and the Negotiation of Porous Interfaces

This paper explores the lives of 12 Mauritian Muslim women of three generations, and the ways in which they negotiate agency in what is at once a multicultural, pluralistic island nation and also a space in which religious boundaries are socially and institutionally maintained. Using the concept of intersectional religious agency, we argue that the experiences of the Muslim women from our sample are best understood in terms of their daily, creative and untidy negotiations of the porous interfaces of class, caste, profession, patriarchal structures, religion, cultural repertoires and secular arrangements. In a country shaped by the complex navigation between and within groups’ social stratification, these women are at once witness to the enormous changes that have taken place in Mauritius since independence, and participants in local and global discourses pertaining to both religion and the place(s) of women. We expose how women take ownership of compromise as a tool to negotiate both secular and religious boundaries. This negotiation is made more complex when it is undertaken by a group who are a ‘majority minority’ within the island state. This, we believe, adds important insight into the study of small but diverse community structures, and in particular the constantly shifting tones of women’s voices within such space.

ISLAMIC RADICALISM AND DE-RADICALIZATION STRATEGIES: A CONTRIBUTION OF NURCHOLISH MADJID

This paper examines the phenomenon of Islamic radicalism and the contribution of Nurcholish Madjid in the context of de-radicalization. Islamic radicalism has rapidly developed a few years ago. This phenomenon has conduced widespread public anxiety. Various de-radicalization efforts have been carried out, but have not shown results as expected. In this framework, the offer of a de-radicalization strategy is important to be implemented. Nurcholish Madjid has a serious attention to the issue of both Islamic radicalism and de-radicalization. In case radical Islamic communities are not given adequate attention, the future of Indonesia as a pluralistic nation is threatened because it does not provide a conducive sphere for the development of various kinds of diversity.