Plot Area Research Articles

PROPOSALS FOR THE LOCATION OF SOCIAL PROTECTION INSTITUTIONS FOR THE ELDERLY IN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT

The article discusses the design of social protection institutions in China, their main urban planning directions, which must be based on the current state regulations of the PRC, as well as the DBN (State Building Norms) of Ukraine mentioned in the article. The urban placement of social protection institutions is subordinate to the strategy for the development of the spatial system of settlements. This system of state-guaranteed economic, social, and legal measures provides elderly people with opportunities to overcome the limitations of life activities by creating specialized institutions where inclusive spaces are formed. Defined approaches to the urban placement of these institutions within the city structure include locations in green zones of central city parts, suburbs, and recreational areas of towns and rural settlements. The placement, capacity, and sizes of land plots for social protection institutions must be determined based on the design task, taking into account the requirements of such Ukrainian regulatory acts as: DBN B 2.2-12:2018; DBN B. 2.2-5:2011; DBN V.1.1-7:2016; DBN B 2.3-18:2007; DBN V. 2.2-9: 2018; DBN V. 2.2-16: 2007; DBN V. 2.2-40:2018; DBN V. 2.2 - 10: 2022; DBN V.2.2 -13: 2003; DBN V. 2.2 -16-2018; DBN V. 2.2 - 25: 2009; DBN V.2.2- 11:2002. The location of social protection institutions depends on the chosen development plot because these facilities require adjacent areas to have natural greening, which will facilitate the conduct of rehabilitation and rehabilitation processes within these institutions. The area of green plantings, which will include lawns, flower beds, fruit gardens, and vegetable gardens, must constitute no less than 50% of the plot area of the social protection institution building.

Initial Diagnostic of Fungal Pathogens in Coconut Plantation Plot Area in Bukit Kor, Terengganu, Malaysia

Initial Diagnostic of Fungal Pathogens in Coconut Plantation Plot Area in Bukit Kor, Terengganu, Malaysia

Methods of increasing the seed productivity of the new variety of sage medicinal Fioletovy Aromat

Relevance. Salvia officinalis L. is an important essential oilseed crop with anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Providing the pharmaceutical industry with raw materials of Salvia in full is possible due to the expansion of production areas and the availability of the maximum amount of highquality seed material of new promising varieties.Methods. In 2019-2022 in the conditions of the North Caucasus branch of VILAR on a new variety of Salvia Fioletovy aromat II year of vegetation by staging small-scale experiments were conducted to study the systematic application of organomineral fertilizer – EcoFus and growth regulators of different mechanism of action – Zircon, Epin-extra, retardant Hardy to increase seed productivity and seed quality. The area of the experimental plots was 12 m2. Treatment with EcoFus was carried out at the beginning of regrowth, and with bioregulators – during the budding phase. The consumption of the working solution is 300 l/ha. Control variants of medicinal crops were treated with water.Results. Application of EcoFus in the phase of regrowth contributed to the activation of the intensity of photosynthesis and increase in the accumulation of plastic substances, which allowed plants to enter the generative phase earlier, the budding phase came 2-3 days earlier than in the control. Subsequent treatment of budding plants with growth regulators led to earlier and more friendly flowering, the time of seed ripening was reduced by 3-4 days. The highest efficiency was observed in the variants of joint application of EcoFus with Zircon or Hardy, where the number of inflorescences on plants increased, seed setting and seed productivity increased by 37-42%, seed quality also improved – weight of 1000 seeds increased by 9-10% and germination by 6-7%.

Efficiency of sweet, sudan and broom sorghum varieties using as pollinators for high yield hybrids breeding in the Steppe zone of Ukraine

Purpose. Sorghum is considered a strategic crop in the supply of raw materials for the bioenergy industry, therefore the main goal of the study was to determine the effectiveness of using sugar sorghum (Silosne 42), Sudanese (Strateya) and vine sorghum (Karlykove 45 and Krasen) as pollinators for obtaining high-yielding hybrids in the conditions of the northern part of the Steppe zones of Ukraine. Methods. Varietal testing of sorghum was carried out at the Synelnykiv selection and research station of the Institute of Grain Crops of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, where 68 variety samples were studied, which had a yield of green mass in the range of 23–79 t/ha. Indicators of green mass yield and dry matter content were determined. The area of plots in the nursery for research was 7 m2, the repetition of the experiment was three times. Results. In the field experiment, 17 initial varieties and hybrids of grain and sugar sorghum were studied. In the three newly created hybrids F1 (Nyzkorosle 93s x Karlykove 45), F1 (Early 776s × Karlykove 45) and F1 (DN 71s × Karlykove 45), the most effective pollinator to ensure the highest yield (65.6–71.7 t/ha) turned out to be the variety Karlykove 45. Sorghum Sudanese hybrid Stratea showed efficiency for obtaining a yield of 54.6-65.5 t/ha in combinations F1(DN 19s × Stratea) and F1(DN 17s × Stratea). The variety Karlykove 45 can be recommended as a valuable pollinator for creating hybrids that can be used as solid biofuel. According to the dry matter content of sorghum biomass, the highest values were obtained in: F1 (Nyzkorosle 93s × Karlykove 45) – 45.0 t/ha, F1 (Kafrske korm. 186s × Krasen) – 41.4 t/ha, F1 (Dn71s × Karlykove 45) – 33.3 t/ha, F1 (Dn17s × Strategy) – 32.0 t/ha. Conclusions. It was determined that the F1 (Nyzkorosle 93s x Karlykove 45) hybrid of the bioenergy direction of use is the highest in terms of the yield of green mass and the content of dry matter. The value of the Karlykove 45 variety as a pollinator in the creation of sorghum hybrids for use as solid biofuel has been established.

The effectiveness of using a plant growth stimulator based on Ambrosia artemisiifolia when growing corn in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic

The article presents the results of studies on the use of a biological product based on ragweed, due to its chemical composition, on corn crops. Double treatment of corn crops with a plant growth stimulator based on ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) was carried out at growth phases of 3–5 and 6–7 leaves in calculated doses with a working solution consumption of 300 l/ha. The repetition in the experiments is 4-fold, the placement of the variants of the experiment is randomized. Plot area – 50 sq.m. The use of a plant growth stimulator based on ragweed as a pre-sowing treatment of seeds and foliar dressings can increase the yield of corn grain by 14–40%, depending on the corn hybrids studied in the experiment. On the variants of the experiment, where the combined use of organic fertilizer Biohumus and plant growth stimulator based on ragweed (solution 3) was studied, the above quality indicators were higher than the values of the control variant by 1.6; 6.0 and 1.5% – in the hybrid Ladoga 191 MV; at 3.2; 3.0 and 3.8% – Krasnodar 196 MV; by 2.9; 5.9 and 2.2% – Darina MV; at 3.3; 6.2 and 3.7% – Kuban. In the variant of the experiment with the joint use of organic fertilizer Biohumus and plant growth stimulator based on ragweed (solution 3), the value of the conditional income indicator decreased by 5400 rubles, according to the variant of the experiment with the joint use of organic fertilizer Biohumus and stimulant growth of plants based on ragweed (solution 4), the value of this indicator decreased by 7200 rubles, relative to the variant of the experiment with the combined use of organic fertilizer Biohumus and plant growth stimulator based on ragweed (solution 1) .

PENGARUH PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT TERHADAP REVISIT INTENTION DENGAN CUSTOMER SATISFACTION SEBAGAI MEDIASI

Using customer satisfaction as a mediator, this research analyzes how the physical environment influences the desire to revisit. This research uses quantitative methodology. Participants in this research were visitors to a modern theme-based cafe in the Sidoarjo DPR plot area. In this research, the sample consisted of one hundred respondents. The technique used in the sampling procedure is called purposive sampling. The survey delivery method via Google Form was used to collect respondent data, and a Likert scale was used to measure the instrument for each statement. The Partial Least Square (PLS) approach was then applied to field data using the SmartPLS version 4 program. Research findings show that there is a good and significant influence between Physical Environment and Customer Satisfaction. Physical Environment has a big impact on Revisit Intention. Revisit Intention is positively and significantly influenced by Customer Satisfaction. Through Customer Satisfaction, Physical Environment has a positive and significant influence on Revisit Intention Key words: Physical Environment, Revisit Intention, Customer Satisfaction.

Estimation of adaptability parameters of winter common wheat samples at different sowing dates in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia

There has been presented a three-year estimation of winter wheat samples according to adaptability indicators, the trait ‘productivity’, ‘winter resistance’, ‘1000-grain weight’, and ‘number of productive stems per m2’. The purpose of the study was to estimate the adaptive potential of winter common wheat varieties in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia at different sowing dates. The study was conducted in the laboratory for field crop breeding, seed production and cultivation technologies based on SibRIPCB, the branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS (Novosibirsk region) in 2018–2022. The objects of study were 5 winter common wheat varieties developed by the SibRIPCB, a branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS. Sowing was carried out in three periods (the first was in August 20, the second was in September 1 and the third was in September 10) with an SSFC-7 seeder in 5 repetitions, the recording plot area was 10 m², the placement of the plots was randomized, the crops were laid in weedfree fallow. As a result, there was established that, according to the trait ‘productivity’, the varieties ‘Novosibirskaya 2’ (bi = 1.42; δd² = 0.08) and ‘Novosibirskaya 3’ (bi = 1.35; δd² = 0.08) combined ecological adaptability and stability. The variety ‘Novosibirskaya 3’ also combined adaptability and stability according to the trait ‘number of productive stems per m2’ (bi = 1.09; δd² = 468.94). The winter variety ‘Krasnoobskaya’ is capable of consistently giving high yields ((Ymax+Ymin)/2 = 4.92; (Sc = 3.42); Hom = 26.2) and maintaining the density of productive stems ((Ymin–Ymax) = -280; Sc = 280.8; (Ymin+Ymax)/2 = 513; Hom = 8.9) at different sowing dates. The variety ‘Pamyati Chekurova’ is responsive to improvements in environmental conditions according to the trait ‘productivity’ (bi = 1.10; KM = 2.20), ‘winter resistance’ (bi = 1.53; KM = 2.72), ‘number of productive stems per m2’ (bi = 1.22; KM = 2.2).

Epileptic Seizure Detection from Decomposed EEG Signal through 1D and 2D Feature Representation and Convolutional Neural Network

Electroencephalogram (EEG) has emerged as the most favorable source for recognizing brain disorders like epileptic seizure (ES) using deep learning (DL) methods. This study investigated the well-performed EEG-based ES detection method by decomposing EEG signals. Specifically, empirical mode decomposition (EMD) decomposes EEG signals into six intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). Three distinct features, namely, fluctuation index, variance, and ellipse area of the second order difference plot (SODP), were extracted from each of the IMFs. The feature values from all EEG channels were arranged in two composite feature forms: a 1D (i.e., unidimensional) form and a 2D image-like form. For ES recognition, the convolutional neural network (CNN), the most prominent DL model for 2D input, was considered for the 2D feature form, and a 1D version of CNN was employed for the 1D feature form. The experiment was conducted on a benchmark CHB-MIT dataset as well as a dataset prepared from the EEG signals of ES patients from Prince Hospital Khulna (PHK), Bangladesh. The 2D feature-based CNN model outperformed the other 1D feature-based models, showing an accuracy of 99.78% for CHB-MIT and 95.26% for PHK. Furthermore, the cross-dataset evaluations also showed favorable outcomes. Therefore, the proposed method with 2D composite feature form can be a promising ES detection method.

Pengaruh Kombinasi Populasi Tumpangsari Kedelai-Singkong pada Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Benih Tanaman Kedelai dan Hasil Umbi Singkong

Intercropping soybeans with cassava can become one solution to increase the production of soybean in Indonesia. This research aimed to determine the most optimal population combination of soybean-cassava intercropping for the growth and yield of soybean seeds, cassava tuber yield, and land use efficiency (LUE).. The research was carried out on the farm land of the Main Seed Center in Sekincau District, West Lampung Regency, Lampung Province, Indonesia at -5°02’27” South and 104°18’16” East at elevation of 1173.1 meter from sea level and at the Seed and Plant Breeding Laboratory Faculty of Agriculture University of Lampung during June 2022 - February 2023. The four treatments of population combination of soybean-cassava intercropping were applied in a completely randomized block design (CRBD) and replicated five times in five blocks. The four population combination treatments of soybean-cassava intercropping were a) 100% soybean and 0% cassava (monoculture) (p₁), b) 67% soybean and 97% cassava (p₂), c) 67% soybean and 89% cassava (p₃), and d) 50% soybeans and 97% cassava (p₄). The growth and the seed yield per soybean stem of monoculture did not differ to those of the soybean-cassava intercropping, but the soybean seed yield per plot area of the intercropping was lower than those of monoculture. Its mainly due to the soybean population of the intercropping was lower compared to monoculture. All population combinations in soybean-cassava intercropping were effective in supporting the growth and yield of soybean seeds, but the population combination of 50% soybean and 97% cassava (p₄) was also effective in supporting cassava tuber yield, and had the highest land use efficiency among other population combinations. Key words: flowering age, plant height, seed weight, tuber weight of cassava

Analysis and Design of High-Rise (G +12) Building Using STAAD Pro

High rise building is the most frequently used word in all most all construction activities especially in rapidly growing cities in terms of development and population. National Building Code (NBC) defines a high-rise as “All buildings 15 m or above in height (a building more than 4 storeys). The employment opportunities and facilities offered by the developing cities makes people to migrate towards urban areas which create the land scarcity for both Industrial and residential occupants. To satisfy the needs considering the future demand of habitable area and efficient use of land without expanding the boundaries of the cities makes people to choose high rise building it also facilitates with stunning views less noise pollution etc. STAAD is a popular structural analysis application known for analysis, diverse applications of use, Interoperability, and time-saving capabilities. STAAD helps structural engineers perform 3D structural Analysis and design for both steel and concrete structures. It ensures on-time and cost-effective Completion of steel, concrete, timber, aluminium, and cold-formed steel structures and designs, Regard less of complexity. We conclude that in this study we consider plot area 70 m x 24 m of g+12 Building consisting of 72 flats located kesarapalli near vijayawada Located in zone 3. we are going to analyse the high rise building for shear force and bending moments and design of critical sections of slab staircase footing by considering various loads such as with and without wind load, imposed load, dead loads. Key Word: High rise building, wind load, STAAD pro.

Assessment of Flood Vulnerability and Coping Strategies of Communities Living along River Tana in Madogo Ward, Kenya

Purpose: Flood is a natural disaster that occurs due to the sudden onset of rainfall that causes runoff waters from high to low altitude area. Community living along the River Tana in Madogo ward, Tana River County are affected by the floods when it occurs. It was therefore important to assess factors contributing to their flood vulnerability and assess their flood coping and adaptation strategy for current and future planning. This study assessed the factors contributing to flood vulnerability, adaptation and coping strategies along River Tana in Madogo Ward, Tana River County, Kenya. The research objectives were to assess the trends of flood occurrence in Madogo Ward between 2000 and 2020 as well as the coping and adaptation strategies of communities to floods in Madogo Ward.
 Materials and Methods: A descriptive research design approach was used. Data collection approaches involved the use of questionnaires to identify coping strategies by communities. Key informant interviews were also conducted with government officers within the study area to provide information on factors contributing to flood vulnerability, flood trends, occurrence adaptation and coping strategies. Secondary data was acquired through journals, books, and maps. The Statistical Package for Social Science was used to analyze the quantitative data. The analyzed data was presented through maps, tables, figures and graphs.
 Findings: The results indicated that the floods occur after every two years in the study area with different magnitudes and durations. The main coping strategies employed by the community living along River Tana in Madogo Ward was relocation to the higher grounds. It was also established that the community in the area had developed adaptive strategies to flood by putting barriers round their houses. Further findings indicated that the major flood vulnerability factor was topography of the area.
 Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Based on the findings, it is being recommended that community leaders and county government of Tana River should not allocate plots in the flood zone area. Hence, there is a need for flood zone mapping for resident to know whether they are living within flood zone or not. Additionally, the people’s economic power should be enhanced through entrepreneurial training and giving them first priority in job opportunities. There is also a need to improve the quality of the infrastructures in the area to enhance their resilience to the negative impact of floods.

Intelligent salivary biosensors for periodontitis: in vitro simulation of oral oxidative stress conditions.

One of the most common oral diseases affecting millions of people worldwide is periodontitis. Usually, proteins in body fluids are used as biomarkers of diseases. This study focused on hydrogen peroxide, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and lactic acid as salivary non-protein biomarkers for oxidative stress conditions of periodontitis. Electrochemical analysis of artificial saliva was done using Gamry with increasing hydrogen peroxide, bLPS, and lactic acid concentrations. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) were conducted. From EIS data, change in capacitance and CV plot area were calculated for each test condition. Hydrogen peroxide groups had a decrease in CV area and an increase in percentage change in capacitance, lipopolysaccharide groups had a decrease in CV area and a decrease in percentage change in capacitance, and lactic acid groups had an increase of CV area and an increase in percentage change in capacitance with increasing concentrations. These data showed a unique combination of electrochemical properties for the three biomarkers. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) employed to observe the change in the electrode surface and elemental composition data present on the sensor surface also showed a unique trend of elemental weight percentages. Machine learning models using hydrogen peroxide, LPS, and lactic acid electrochemical data were applied for the prediction of risk levels of periodontitis. The detection of hydrogen peroxide, LPS, and lactic acid by electrochemical biosensors indicates the potential to use these molecules as electrochemical biomarkers and use the data for ML-driven prediction tool for the periodontitis risk levels.

Fractal-Based Multi-Criteria Feature Selection to Enhance Predictive Capability of AI-Driven Mineral Prospectivity Mapping

AI-driven mineral prospectivity mapping (MPM) is a valid and increasingly accepted tool for delineating the targets of mineral exploration, but it suffers from noisy and unrepresentative input features. In this study, a set of fractal and multifractal methods, including box-counting calculation, concentration–area fractal modeling, and multifractal analyses, were employed to excavate the underlying nonlinear mineralization-related information from geological features. Based on these methods, multiple feature selection criteria, namely prediction–area plot, K-means clustering, information gain, chi-square, and the Pearson correlation coefficient, were jointly applied to rank the relative importance of ore-related features and their fractal representations, so as to choose the optimal input feature dataset readily used for training predictive AI models. The results indicate that fault density, the multifractal spectrum width (∆α) of the Yanshanian intrusions, information dimension (D1) of magnetic anomalies, correlation dimension (D2) of iron-oxide alteration, and the D2 of argillic alteration serve as the most effective predictor features representative of the corresponding ore-controlling elements. The comparative results of the model assessment suggest that all the AI models trained by the fractal datasets outperform their counterparts trained by raw datasets, demonstrating a significant improvement in the predictive capability of fractal-trained AI models in terms of both classification accuracy and predictive efficiency. A Shapley additive explanation was employed to trace the contributions of these features and to explain the modeling results, which imply that fractal representations provide more discriminative and definitive feature values that enhance the cognitive capability of AI models trained by these data, thereby improving their predictive performance, especially for those indirect predictor features that show subtle correlations with mineralization in the raw dataset. In addition, fractal-trained models can benefit practical mineral exploration by outputting low-risk exploration targets that achieve higher capturing efficiency and by providing new mineralization clues extracted from remote sensing data. This study demonstrates that the fractal representations of geological features filtered by multi-criteria feature selection can provide a feasible and promising means of improving the predictive capability of AI-driven MPM.

Comparative Measurement of Horizontal Penetrometry with a Focus on the Degree of Soil Compaction in Real Work Conditions

Potential soil production is closely related to the physical and mechanical properties. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the effect of different levels of soil compaction created by tractor chassis. The total area of the experimental plot was 13.22 ha. Up until 2019, a conventional tillage system had been used. The measurements were carried out with an innovative measuring device that allows for the continuous measurement of the horizontal penetrometry for comparative measurements while driving, which was designed at the Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra. The measuring device measured the soil resistance in the tire track (On-track) and out of track (Off-track) as well as in three (50 s) sequences within one tractor pass. Three lines were chosen, where in each a pair of combinations was made. The results were subjected, in addition to graphical evaluation, to single factor ANOVA analysis. When comparing individual passes (PH1 to PH6), the statistical analysis showed that the results of the horizontal resistance measurements proved to be statistically significant (p < 0.05) with respect to the weight, number of passes, and tire underinflation. The highest compaction was caused by the first pass, while the higher weight of the tractor during the next pass had a smaller effect. Underinflating the tires ensured a reduction in compaction. Reducing the tractor tire pressure to 0.15 MPa resulted in a reduction in soil compaction of up to 16%.

Structural shifts in plant functional diversity during biogeomorphic succession: Moving beyond taxonomic investigations in an alpine glacier foreland

AbstractThe complex interrelation between plants and geomorphic processes is described in the concept of biogeomorphic succession. While ecological research on succession and community assembly has transitioned towards functional approaches, studies on functional diversity in biogeomorphic settings, particularly in glacier forelands, remain limited. In this study, we investigated abundance of vascular plant species and functional traits in an alpine glacier foreland using data from 199 plots. Our objective was to unravel the development of functional diversity during biogeomorphic succession. Specifically, the study determined whether structural shifts in functional diversity are associated with stability thresholds related to plant cover, geomorphic influence, and examined trait spectra for stages of biogeomorphic succession. Our findings revealed a nonlinear trajectory of functional diversity along the plant cover gradient, marked by two distinct structural shifts at 30% and 74% cover, corresponding to established stability thresholds. Along the gradient of geomorphic influence, we observed an increase in functional diversity until 54% of the plot area was affected, beyond which functional diversity declined below the initial level. The analysis of community‐weighted means of traits across four stages of biogeomorphic succession determined by plant cover and absence and presence of geomorphic influence revealed significant differences in trait values. In the transition to the biogeomorphic stage, associated with the identified initial structural shift, there is a shift from a prevalence of above‐ground adaptation and reproductive traits, such as leaf longevity, structure, growth form and mixed reproductive strategies, to an increased dominance of competitor species and traits related to below‐ground structures, including root type and structures, as well as vegetative reproduction. Our results contribute to understanding the relationship between vegetation succession and geomorphic influence by linking them to plant functional traits. This study advances beyond traditional taxonomic investigations by emphasizing functional approaches to biogeomorphic succession. Moreover, the functional trait data used in this study, easily downloadable from a public repository, can serve as a valuable template for future research in (bio)geomorphology, along with the employed methodologies.

Understanding how forest ecosystem services are affected by conservation practices and differences in elevation: A study in the Arasbaran biosphere reserve, Iran

Studies addressing how different forest management methods affect the ecosystem services provided by forests in different geographical areas are essential. The objective of this study was to investigate how regulating and supporting services are affected by conservation management and differences in elevation. This was achieved by comparing several ecosystem indicators between the protected and unprotected areas.The forests under study were divided into two elevation ranges (1000–1500 and 1500–2000 m above sea level), and 66 sample plots (area 300 m2) were established in each area. Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the trees were recorded, and soil and litter samples were obtained in all sample plots. Increment cores were also obtained from the main tree species in the area. In addition, regulating services (regulation of CO2, water and soil) and supporting services (nutrient cycling in soil, and above-ground net primary production) were also evaluated. All of the indicators studied in the regulating services section, except annual carbon sequestration by the trees and the soil loss, in the protected were more than in the unprotected area. No significant differences between the two regions were observed regarding annual carbon sequestration and soil regulation indicators. Regarding the supporting services indicators, total nitrogen, assimilable potassium and average trunk volume of the trees were higher in the protected than in the unprotected area; the opposite was true for the total phosphorus index. The results suggest positive effects of conservation management on regulating and supporting services in the protected area of the Arasbaran forests.The findings of the study indicate that conservation management practices have a positive impact on both regulating and supporting services within the protected area of the Arasbaran forests. This suggests that the implementation of conservation measures in this region has resulted in beneficial outcomes for the ecosystem services provided by the forests. The results highlight the importance of protecting and managing forest areas to enhance their ability to regulate CO2, water, and soil, as well as support nutrient cycling and above-ground net primary production.These outcomes highlight the crucial role of conservation efforts in maintaining and enhancing the overall health and functioning of the Arasbaran forests. It indicates that protective management is essential for promoting key ecosystem services. The study also underscores the importance of considering factors such as altitude and habitat conditions when formulating forest management strategies or plans.

The land use planning measures used for the inclusion of land into agricultural use in the Russian Federation

The article considers the dynamics of the areas, structure, and condition of unused lands intended for agriculture and the volume of involvement in farming business, as well as the areas of land plots registered and transferred to rural commodity producers over the last years in the Russian Federation. It is shown that the current amount of land restoration doesn’t compensate for the needs of the state. The authors insist on necessity of comprehensive land use planning activities by developing appropriate land use planning procedures.

Evaluation of cycloplegic and noncycloplegic performance of spot vision screener in detection of amblyopia risk factors using 2021 AAPOS guidelines

PurposeThis research evaluates the effectiveness of the Spot Vision Screener (SVS) before and after cycloplegia to detect amblyogenic refractive errors in children. MethodsChildren ages 3 to 10 years old were screened by the SVS before and after cycloplegia. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, paired t-test, Bland-Altman plot and receiver operating characteristic area under the curve were evaluated by comparing the results of the SVS (v3.0.05) measurements with the results of the cycloplegic Topcon autorefractometer according to the 2021 guidelines of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. ResultsBoth eyes of 211 patients aged 3 to 10 years old were included. Regarding the amblyopia risk factors, the noncycloplegic SVS had 65.7 % sensitivity, 94.9 % specificity, 81.2 % positive predictive value and 89.3 % negative predictive value. The SVS's sensitivity increased from 65.7 % to 81.9 % with cycloplegia compared to noncycloplegic SVS results. The sensitivity detection of hyperopia was improved from 4.2 % to 100 % after cycloplegia. Areas under the receiver operator characteristic curve for noncycloplegic SVS and cycloplegic SVS were 0.506 (95 % CI, 0.395 to 0.646, p = 0737) and 0.905 (95 % CI, 0.915 to 0.971, p < 0.001) for hyperopia, respectively. Using the +1.64 D revised cutoff criteria for hyperopia increased sensitivity from 4.2 % to 78 %. ConclusionNoncycloplegic SVS measurements showed relatively high specificity in detecting amblyopia risk factors. The fact that noncycloplegic measurements have a very low sensitivity for hyperopia is an important weakness of the SVS, especially because hyperopia is the most frequently encountered refractive error in very young children. It should be noted that amblyogenic hyperopia may be overlooked by an SVS without cycloplegia.

BIM based on energy & cost analysis in response to the day light intensity of a building

Construction of building with proper auditing of energy is one of the challenges faced in the AEC (Architecture Engineering and Construction) industries. The need of opt sources of energy affordability in the building lights can reduce the consumption of electricity and cut down the cost of bills. The trending application in using building information modelling (BIM) for the energy saving concept on daylight factors in various building like government office, commercial complex, school building and office building are significant to achieve the sustainability goals on sustainable cities and communities, responsible consumption and production including life on land. For the present studies, perspective BIM model is developed for the G+1 residential building covering the plot area of 1,815 square feet located in Phagwara, India. The building plan is prepared considering the sunlight orientation to configure the maximum daylight and ventilation are provided for the building as per the prevailing wind direction towards North-East latitude and longitude of 31° 13’ 26.4720’' N and 75° 46’ 14.8728’' E respectively. On the aspect of saving energy, the solar panel idea is added over the roof top, which can be utilized for the electric geysers and garden lighting, excess energy is used for the recharging of inverter batteries of the house. The energy model is audited with conventional building, it is understood the annual energy consumption has decreased to 36.9 k Wh/m2/ year as per the Punjab state electric board. Building Energy Simulation (BES) and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) data is collected as per the location of the building, further the details are used for the modelling by using the Autodesk Revit and Autodesk Insight. Energy Used Intensity identified as less than 14.6 kWh/m2/year is needed to meet the Passive House criteria as per the studies, which can reduce the daylight effect on energy consumption. Therefore, it is understood, by the application of BIM is adding the virtual importance and elicit awe in the civil engineering domain.

CERN生物长期样地背景和植被分类特征本底数据集

This dataset is a comprehensive integration of 95 long-term plots from 22 natural ecosystem stations. We first sorted out the background information such as the geographical location, establishment time, area and representativeness of the long-term plot of ecological station. Drawing from the survey data of plant communities at the beginning of the plot establishment and adhering to the latest Chinese vegetation classification system, we then meticulously delineated the vegetation formation group, vegetation formation and vegetation subformation of each sample plot’s plant community. Based on the list of dominant species found in each sample plot, we identified and named the alliance and association of the vegetation in the plot. The construction of this dataset went through multiple rounds of expert review-station verification-expert review-station acceptance, etc. The dataset comprises station code, station name, plot code, plot name, plot type, plot representativeness, geographical location, altitude, plot area and shape, plot establishment time and design service life, vegetation formation group, vegetation formation, vegetation subformation, alliance, association, dominant species and remarks. It is expected to provide data support for the studies on flora, vegetation resource distribution, and biodiversity conservation.