PROF. MARCELLIN BOULE has completed his studies of the remains of vertebrate animals found with primitive man in the caverns of Grimaldi, and the final results of his work have just been published as the concluding part (fasc. iv.) of the first volume of the Prince of Monaco's “Les Grottes de Grimaldi (Baousse-Rousse).” The new instalment deals with the Carnivora, Insectivora, Cheiroptera, and Rodentia, and various fragments of birds and lower vertebrates, and ends with a valuable general summary. Besides the technical descriptions of the fossils, illustrated by beautiful plates in heliogravure, Prof. Boule continually introduces short discussions of the relationships and distribution of the various animals with which he deals, adding- several maps and some genealogical diagrams. He has therefore produced a most interesting and readable treatise on the European Pleistocene vertebrate fauna, which we commend to the notice of both geologists and zoologists. He specially emphasises the importance of the discovery that in the low latitude of the south coast of France there is the same succession of Pleistocene mammalian faunas that has already been observed throughout the rest of Central and Western Europe. Jn the bottom layers on the floor of the caverns of Grimaldi there are the animals of the warm Chellean episode (Elephas antiquus, Rhinoceros Mercki, hippopotamus, etc.); in the next layers is the cold fauna of the Acheulian and Mousterian (glutton, ermine, marmot, reindeer, etc.); in the upper layers are the ordinary mammals of historic times. Among the animals now described Prof. Boule considers he can recognise every gradation between the Pliocene bears and the modern brown bear; he also sees some approach to a Pliocene species in the Pleistocene leopard. He agrees with other observers that the wild cat most nearly approaches that of Africa, now named Felis ocreata. Equally interesting is his account of the fossil lynx, which proves to be exactly intermediate between the northern and the Spanish races of the lynx at the present day.