Plasma Gas Research Articles

Surface treatment optimization of mixed cellulose ester membrane by cold plasma treatment to improve apple juice clarification

This study aimed to determine the optimal conditions for the surface modification of mixed cellulose ester (MCE) microfiltration membrane by cold plasma (CP) for apple juice clarification. Response surface method using central cubic design (CCD) was employed for the optimization of the membrane surface modification process. Plasma gas type (oxygen, carbon dioxide, and air), power (10, 15, and 20 W), and exposure time (120, 180, and 240 s) were used as the factors for cold plasma surface modification. The results revealed the surface modification of the MCE membrane using air as plasma gas with plasma power and exposure time equal to 10 W and 180 s resulted in the maximum permeate flux in apple juice clarification. The results of scanning electron microscope, and atomic force microscope confirm the effect of CP treatment on the membrane surface roughness. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed the incorporation of the hydroxyl group into the membrane surface due to CP treatment which affected the surface contact angle and hydrophilicity. The CP treatment of the membrane significantly affects the membrane resistances. Also, the surface modification of the MCE membrane using the CP treatment process in optimal conditions is an effective method for clarifying apple juice.

Ozone Plasma Nanobubble (OPN) Reactor Combined with Coagulation-Flocculation Process: A Promising Technology for Leachate Treatment

According to World Bank data, approximately 2.01 billion tons of urban waste is produced annually, with approximately 33% of waste being improperly managed, leading to concentrated and toxic leachate. This poses a global challenge due to its varied characteristics influenced by climate, landfill age, and waste composition, resulting in groundwater and surface water pollution with severe impacts on human health, ecosystems, and biodiversity, necessitating stringent treatment measures. To address this, a study integrated coagulation-flocculation and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) using a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) ozone plasma nanobubble (OPN) reactor to degrade leachate. Gas flow rate, plasma voltage, and gas sources are variated. This research uses O2 or air as a gas source that produces plasma. The leachate is fed into the DBD reactor, so the bubble will burst and produce further ROS. Optimal results were observed after 60 min, with oxygen gas feed reducing total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and biological oxygen demand (BOD) by 100, 93.93, and 74.12%, respectively, alongside a decrease in pH. This study indicates the promising potential of this technology for leachate treatment and demonstrates the potential for nitrate production using both types of gas feed.

Clarification of apple juice using cold plasma treated mixed cellulose esters membrane: flux modeling, membrane fouling, and juice physicochemical properties evaluation

This study aimed to clarify apple juice using unmodified and low-pressure cold plasma (gas: air, power: 10 W, and exposure time: 180 s) surface-modified mixed cellulose esters (MCE) microfiltration membranes. The effect of feed pressure (20, 40, and 60 kPa), feed flow rate (10, 15, and 20 mL/s), and feed temperature (27 and 40°C) on the permeate flux was evaluated using response surface methodology (RSM). The binary interaction of feed pressure and temperature and the second-order (non-linear) interaction of feed pressure and flow rate had a significant effect on the permeate flux (P<0.05). Generally, the process at 60 kPa, 15 mL/s, and 40 °C resulted in the maximum permeate flux. The cold plasma surface modification of the MCE membrane increased the permeate flux by about 45% at the optimum process conditions. Evaluation of membrane fouling showed that the cake formation was the predominant membrane fouling mechanism during both membrane processing. The physicochemical properties evaluation revealed that the surface-modified membrane produced clarified apple juice with antioxidant activity, reducing sugars, total sugars, phenolic, and vitamin C contents about 18.87%, 12.9%, 15.49%, 24.53%, and 45.15% more than clarified apple juice produced with unmodified MCE membrane, respectively.

Sequential DBD plasma-assisted tandem tri-electrodes Fenton process for enhanced antibiotics treatment and denitrification

Ozone generated by dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma has the potential for water treatment; however, its limitations, including water solubility, performance in complex matrices, and resistance to some pollutants. This study explored a sequential DBD plasma assisted by a tandem tri-electrode Fenton (S-PEF) process, using a three-stage treatment approach for degrading antibiotics (sulfamethoxazole, SMX; amoxicillin, AMX; and norfloxacin, NOF) in continuous flow mode for 220-bed volumes. Initially, antibiotics such as SMX and AMX underwent degradation in DBD plasma gas, which housed the mixing chamber. The more resilient NOF was removed by hydroxyl radicals (OH) in the following anodic chamber of the tandem trielectrodes by Fenton assisted oxidation. The continuous cyclic redox regeneration of Fe in tandem trielectrodes prevents secondary Fe sludge pollution. Finally, NO3-N and NO2-N were denitrified into N2 with 95 % selectivity in a cathodic chamber using copper oxide nanowires. This sequential treatment is crucial to mitigating the competitive effects of CO32− and humic acid in wastewater since O3 is less susceptible to them compared to OH. The S-PEF completely degraded all antibiotics regardless of water temperature (10 and 25 °C) compared to sole plasma treatment. Finally, toxicity assessments using an ecological structure–activity relationship (ECOSAR) and E. coli disinfection assays showed a significant reduction in toxicity. This study highlights the promising potential of the S-PEF as an advanced technology for wastewater treatment.

Enhanced emission and surface modification in ZnO treated with Ar, H, and O plasmas

Plasma treatment is a crucial technique for manipulating the optoelectronic properties of ZnO devices by modifying surface defects. The choice of plasma gas in the treatment process significantly influences these defects, as evidenced by the luminescence characteristics. In this paper, significant differences have been observed in the photoluminescence spectra of ZnO films and single crystals before and after treatment with three kinds of plasma gas. After Ar and H plasma treatment, the UV emission is significantly enhanced up to 1000 times, while the visible emission is suppressed. Conversely, after O plasma treatment, the UV emission remains unchanged, but the deep level emission exhibits a subtle transformation. Since the influence depth of plasma treatment is confined to the surface, all these alterations of typical luminescence are strongly dependent on surface-related defects, thereby challenging the previous interpretation that they originate from bulk defects. The modification effects of various plasmas on surfaces are confirmed from multiple perspectives, and the mechanisms behind the enhancement or suppression of luminescence are systematically analyzed. A comprehensive understanding of plasma treatment, along with precise control of surface defects, is crucial for optimizing the performance of ZnO devices.

Analysis of discharge parameters of an argon cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet and its impact on surface characteristics of White Grapes

An argon cold atmospheric-pressure plasma (CAP) jet operated using bipolar pulsed power supply has been characterised electro-optically and the discharge parameters are optimized. An analysis has been done on the impact of the argon CAP jet treatment on the surface properties of white grapes for different treatment time period. The developed argon CAP jet is a plasma source based on dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) that has been tuned at various input parameters including applied voltage, frequency, average power consumption, and argon flow rate. Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES) is used to identify the generated species along with plasma parameters. The collisional–radiative (CR) model is employed to extract the electron density (ne) and electron temperature (Te) from the spectra at the optimised applied voltage of 4 kV, frequency 20 kHz and argon flow rate of 4 slpm. The OES results coupled with the CR model (ne ∼ 1014 cm−3 and Te ∼ 1 eV) and the plasma gas temperature measurement through OH (A-X) transitions (Tg ∼ 310.5 K) show the non-equilibrium nature of the argon CAP jet. A comparative analysis between untreated and treated white grapes reveals that the argon CAP jet treatment influences surface microstructure, increasing hydrophilicity (with a ∼49.3% decrease in water contact angle) along with slight changes in surface temperature (∼5 °C increase), colour (ΔE* < 1.5), and physiochemical properties such as chemical composition (no change) and Total Soluble Solid (TSS) content (∼8.3%). It is inferred that this type of CAP jet treatment of white grapes only affects the physical characteristics of the grape surface and does not alter any chemical compositions.

Antiviral respiratory masks with plasma-functionalized polypropylene textiles for optimal adsorption of antiviral substance

During the COVID-19 pandemic, face masks were the first line of defense against the spread of infection. However, infectious viruses may remain on medical textiles, potentially serving as an additional source of infection. Due to their chemical inertness, many textiles cannot be enhanced with antiviral functionalities. Through treatment with low-pressure gaseous plasma, we have activated the surface of a medical-grade melt-blown, non-woven polypropylene textile so that it can absorb sodium dodecyl sulfate, an antimicrobial surfactant. Within two hours of contact time, the functionalized textile has been able to inactivate over 7 log10 PFU mL−1 of bacteriophage phi6, a surrogate of enveloped viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, and it has retained its antiviral properties for over 100 days. The functionalized material has not disrupted facial mask filtration efficiency or breathability. In addition, the in vitro biocompatibility testing in accordance with ISO 10993-5 for testing of medical devices has demonstrated that the selected formulation causes no adverse effects on the mouse fibroblast cell line L-929. With the treatment processes that have been completed within seconds, the method seems to have great potential to produce antiviral textiles against future outbreaks.

Structure, morphology and magnetic performance of (Fe65Co35) x @(Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4)100–x nanocomposite thin films

A bi-magnetic phase (Fe65Co35)x@(Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4)100–x nanocomposite thin film was created by combining Fe65Co35 alloy nanoclusters produced through plasma gas condensation with Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 thin film prepared via RF magnetron sputtering. The study revealed that the Fe65Co35 alloy nanoclusters, with an average particle size of approximately 6 nm, are surrounded by the amorphous ferrite phase, forming a granular ‘core–shell’ structure. As the proportion of Fe65Co35 alloy nanoclusters increased from 5.9 wt% to 35.4 wt%, the grain size of the nanocomposite thin films decreased from 24 nm to 10.4 nm. Magnetic analysis demonstrated that the nanocomposite thin films displayed soft magnetic properties at room temperature. With an increase in Fe65Co35 content, the saturated magnetization of the nanocomposite thin films escalated from 68 emu cm−3 to 214 emu/cm3, significantly surpassing that of the corresponding NiZn ferrite films (∼17 emu/cm3). The fluctuation of coercivity is intricately linked to the grain size of the nanocomposite thin films, and at 24.5 wt% of Fe65Co35 alloy nanoclusters, the coercivity is minimized to 14 Oe. The ferromagnetic resonance spectra of the nanocomposite films exhibited some asymmetric broadening and shift. As the Fe65Co35 content increased, the resonance field initially decreased and then rose, while the resonance linewidth gradually decreased.

Karl George Emeléus and Physics in Belfast 1927–66

AbstractKarl George Emeléus (1901–1989) was educated at Cambridge and after a short period at King’s College, London, he spent the remainder of his career as lecturer (1929–33) and then professor (1933–66) of physics at Queen’s University, Belfast. At Queen’s, he set the direction of experimental research in gas discharge and plasmas for a generation and oversaw the growth of the department. He also acted as a spokesman for physics in Northern Ireland and was involved in public responses to concerns about the use of nuclear weapons and nuclear energy in the late 1940s and 50s. This paper summarises Emeléus’s life and work and sets it in the context of physics at Queen’s University in the mid-twentieth century.

Non-thermal plasma enhances growth and salinity tolerance of bok choy (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis) in hydroponic culture.

In this study, we aimed to examine the growth, physiological and biochemical status, and responses to salinity stress of bok choy (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis) cultivated in a hydroponic system with a plasma-treated solution. Plasma gas generated using a cylindrical dielectric barrier discharge or air (control) was injected into Hoagland nutrient solution once a week for different durations (0, 5, and 10 min). After 4 weeks, the length of the shoots and roots, number of leaves, and dry weight of bok choy plants significantly increased in individuals grown with Hoagland solution treated with plasma gas for 10 min. An increase in dry weight of individual plants of approximately 80.5% was observed in plants in the plasma-treated group compared to those in a control group. The levels of chlorophyll, total soluble proteins, and nitrogen uptake, and transcription of genes related to salinity stress tolerance-WRKY2, HHP3, and ABI1- were also significantly elevated in bok choy grown with plasma treated Hoagland solution. Moreover, when exposed to 20 mM NaCl, plant length and leaf number were significantly increased, in the group grown with Hoagland solution treated with plasma gas for 10 min. Level of H2O2 was significantly elevated in the treated nutrient solutions. In plants grown with the treated nutrient solution, intracellular NO was highly detected in the cell division and elongation zone of roots. Our findings suggest that plasma treatment of nutrient solutions in hydroponic culture systems may improve the growth, physiological and biochemical status, and tolerance to salinity stress in plants, and a crucial role of H2O2 generated in the treated nutrient solutions may play in this improvement.

Excitation and ionization of a diagnosis gas in front of the flexible μ tube plasma and in a diagnosis tube

The noble gases Helium, Argon, Krypton and even Xeon have been applied as discharge gases for the flexible μ tube plasma (FμTP) with comparable ionization efficiencies. It was assumed that a temporally and spatially limited potential plays a major role in the generation of reactant ions responsible for protonation in the surrounding air. However, the excited and ionized species of ambient air cannot be detected directly by emission spectroscopy because there is no known emission wavelength within the detectable range. In this work, a diagnosis gas was introduced as a substitute for the surrounding air to understand the excitation and ionization outside the discharge capillary. It was found that with Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe as plasma gases the diagnosis gas He can be excited during the positive half cycle. The emission of He 706 nm and N2+ 391 nm propagate with and against diagnosis gas flow directions in case of He and Ne driven plasmas. In case of Ar, Kr, and Xe driven plasmas, the emission of both species mainly develops against the diagnosis gas and the shapes of He 706 nm are wide. Further on, the diagnosis gas He is also excited even though there is a glass wall between the plasma gas flow and diagnosis gas flow. These findings demonstrate that the transient potential is responsible for the excitation of the diagnosis gas, not penning ionization or charge transfer between discharge plasma and diagnosis gas.

Microstructural evolution and formation of defect complexes in diamond films by nitrogen-containing plasma

Abstract The morphology and crystalline quality of polycrystalline diamond samples were studied by systematically varying the flowrate of nitrogen gas in the microwave plasma. A slight improvement in both crystallite size and crystalline quality is observed for a low concentration of 0.5 sccm nitrogen. With a further increase in nitrogen concentration, diamond switches from micro-crystalline (MCD) to nanocrystalline (NCD) with a nitrogen flow of 2.5 sccm (10% of methane concentration). The surface roughness of the sample is found to depend strongly on the crystallite size of the sample. Extensive spectroscopic studies have been done to understand the presence and formation of different defect complexes in diamond. The presence of nitrogen-containing defect complexes has been studied thoroughly and their concentration has been found to be limited by the solubility limit rather than the availability of reactants in the gas environment. In contrast, the effect these complexes have on the strain of the diamond film is found to be negligible. Optical emission spectroscopy (OES) of the plasma reveals the presence of C2 dimers as well as C-N radicals. However, they have little role in modifying diamond grain morphology or crystalline quality.

Comparative investigation on the microstructure and corrosion properties of surfacing cobalt alloys by various methods

This study applies three different welding methods, namely tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding, laser welding, and plasma arc welding, to perform cobalt alloy surfacing on austenitic stainless steel substrates, and compares their microstructure and corrosion properties. The results reveal that samples obtained through all three methods exhibit excellent metallurgical bonding between the austenitic stainless steel substrate and the cobalt alloy surfacing layer, with no observed defects such as cracks, pores, or inclusions. Among them, the cobalt alloy surfacing layer produced by laser welding shows a finer and more uniform microstructure, displaying a distinct growth direction along the surfacing direction away from the interface. Additionally, electrochemical polarization curve testing demonstrates that the corrosion resistance of the laser-welded surfacing layer surpasses that of TIG welding and plasma arc welding, exhibiting a lower corrosion rate. This study offers valuable insights into the selection of cobalt alloy surfacing welding methods on austenitic stainless steel substrates and the evaluation of the corrosion properties for the cobalt alloy surfacing layer, providing essential guidance for engineering practices in the power plant valves.

A comparative study of Fibre Bragg Grating for spatially and temporally resolved gas temperature measurements in cold atmospheric pressure plasma jets

Abstract Cold atmospheric pressure plasma jets (CAP-Jet) are successfully used in medical ther-apy for healing of chronic wounds and are widely researched in inactivation of patho-gens and in assisting in cancer therapy. A crucial parameter for these plasma applica-tions is that CAP-Jets operate at temperatures that are tolerable for biological tissues. While tools characterizing the plasma's gas temperature are well developed, there are only a few methods that work with an agreeable limit of uncertainty, complexity and limited perturbation properties to accurately determine that the studied plasma jet operates at tissue tolerable temperatures at all times. In the current work, time resolved measurements of the gas temperature in the effluent of a CAP-Jet are performed using the innovative technique of a Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG), in which the temperature dynamics is measured by a shift of the FBGs resonant wavelength through its thermo-optic coefficient. Comparing with other temporal and spatial diagnostic tools such as thermocouple measurement, Schlieren imaging, and optical emission spectroscopy, we demonstrate reliable calorimetric measurements at different plasma duty cycles. The plasma source maintains tissue tolerable temperatures inside the plasma active zone with values below 35°C at 1 cm distance from the jet nozzle. The calorimetric measure-ments have revealed that the heat power dissipation in comparison to electric energy of our plasma source is at least 50%.

PS-PVD thermal barrier coatings microstructure modulation and high-temperature erosion resistance study

Plasma spray-physical vapor deposition (PS-PVD) enables the modulation of both the microstructure and the performance of the coating by modulating the ratio of the three phases (gas, liquid, and solid) present in the jet. Considering the observed deficiency in the erosion resistance of PS-PVD coatings, the study explores improving high-temperature erosion resistance in PS-PVD thermal barrier coatings by adjusting Ar/He flow ratios. At a plasma gas flow rate of 90 SLPM, increasing the Ar/He ratio enhances nanohardness and elastic modulus. An Ar/He ratio of 2:1 provides erosion resistance comparable to standard APS coatings. Raising the plasma flow to 120 SLPM with the same Ar/He ratio forms a dense coating with low erosion rates. The study identifies a strong correlation between the hardness of the coating and erosion resistance. Lateral cracking from high-temperature and high-speed particle erosion is identified as the primary cause of failure.

Plasma Treatment of Nanocellulose to Improve the Surface Properties.

Nanocellulose is among the most promising materials for enhancing the mechanical properties of polymer composites. Broad application is, however, limited by inadequate surface properties. A standard technique for tailoring the surface composition and wettability of polymers is a brief treatment with non-equilibrium gaseous plasma, but it often fails when treating materials with a large surface-to-mass ratio, such as cellulose nanofibers. In this paper, the theoretical limitations are explained, the approaches reported by different groups are reviewed, and the results are interpreted. The treatment of dry nanocellulose is limited by the ability of uniform treatment, whereas the plasma treatment of nanocellulose dispersed in liquids is a slow process. The methods for enhancing the treatment efficiency for both dry and water-dispersed nanocellulose are explained.

Study of the Effects of Plasma Pretreatment on the Microstructure of Peanuts

In this study, cold plasma treatments are employed to modify peanuts. This study systematically investigates the effects of various plasma treatment conditions, including power, duration, and gas type, on the microstructure of peanut seed coats and embryos. Observations under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) reveal that as plasma treatment power increases from 100 W to 500 W, the etching level of peanut seed coats significantly intensifies, surface roughness deepens, and concavities become more pronounced. Additionally, micro-pores on the seed coat gradually enlarge and form cracks. Specifically, when the plasma treatment is set at 200 W for 60 s, the oxygen (O2) treatment group shows interconnected cracks on the peanut seed coat surface, with lipid particles exuding and protein particles and polymers decomposing. In contrast, the helium (He) treatment group displays clear cell structures and deep grooves, with no noticeable lipid particles exuding around surface cracks. The argon (Ar) treatment group exhibits a distinct rectangular cell structure with clear boundaries, and although surface cracks form, only a few protein particles escape from the cracks. The embryo surface structure becomes looser after plasma treatment, leading to the disintegration of lipid particles, protein particles, and polymers, affecting the fusion and migration of large and small lipid bodies within the peanut’s internal structure. Increasing treatment duration intensifies the etching phenomenon, resulting in more lipid particles exuding, which indicates a positive correlation between lipid particles exuding and treatment duration. This study sheds light on the mechanisms underlying changes in peanut microstructure due to cold plasma treatment, providing scientific evidence for improving peanut quality, enhancing oil extraction efficiency, and optimizing food processing techniques.

MoS2 synthesis on fluorine-terminated Si substrates prepared by SF6 mixed gas plasma

MoS2 synthesis methods with fewer grain boundaries are expected for device applications. To control the nucleation density and to increase the domain size of MoS2 on a Si substrate, MoS2 was synthesized on a fluorine-terminated Si substrate prepared by SF6 mixed gas plasma. The average domain size of monolayer MoS2 synthesized on a fluorine-terminated Si substrate was several times larger than that on a pristine Si substrate, and grain boundaries were reduced. The MoS2 synthesized on the fluorine-terminated substrate was found to have improved crystallinity based on the results of Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopy. XPS analysis showed that no residual fluoride was observed on the substrate surface after CVD, suggesting that fluorine atoms were volatilized together with Mo by chemical reaction during CVD. Fluorine-terminated surfaces prepared by SF6 mixed gas plasma contribute to increasing the domain size of MoS2, and it can be applied for selective growth in the subsequent CVD synthesis of MoS2.

Low-NOx thermal plasma torches: A renewable heat source for the electrified process industry

Industrial thermal plasma torches can heat a gas up to 5000–20,000 K, i.e., well above the temperature needed to replace the heat generated from the combustion of traditional fossil fuels (e.g., coal, oil, and natural gas) in large-scale process industry furnaces producing construction materials (e.g., iron, steel, lime, and cement). However, there is a risk for significant NOx emissions when air or N2 are used as plasma-forming gas since the temperature somewhere in the furnace always will be higher compared to the threshold NOx formation temperature of ∼1800 K. Torch NOx forms inside the high temperature region of the plasma torch (>5000 K) when air is used as gas. Process NOx forms instead when the hot gas (when air or nitrogen is used as plasma forming gas) from the plasma torch mixes with process air downstream the torch. By analysing the complex chemistry of both the torch- and process NOx formation with thermodynamic equilibrium and one-dimensional chemical kinetic calculations it was shown that adding H2 to the plasma-forming N2 gas significantly reduces the NOx emissions with more than 90 %. Verifying experiments with air, pure N2, and mixtures of H2 and N2 as plasma-forming gas were performed in a laboratory scale insulated laboratory furnace with different pre-heating temperatures of process air (293, 673, and 1073 K) which the plasma gas mixes with downstream the torch. Depending on the pre-heating temperature the NOx emissions were between 12,000–14,000 mg NO2/MJfuel when air was used as plasma forming gas. Substantial NOx emission reduction occurs both when N2 replaces air, where the NOx emissions was in the span of 8000–11,500 mg NO2/MJfuel and furthermore when H2 was mixed into the N2 gas stream. For the highest degree of H2 mixing (28.6 vol-%), the NOx emissions were between 450–1700 mg NO2/MJfuel depending on the pre-heat temperature of the process air, i.e., a reduction of 88–96 % and 85–94 %, respectively when air or N2 was used as plasma forming gas. The measured NOx emissions are then of the same order of magnitude as would be expected from the combustion of traditional fuels (coal, oil, biomass and pure H2). Finally, by analysing the aerodynamics in an axisymmetric furnace with an experimentally validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model using reduced chemistry for the NOx formation (19 species and 70 reactions), further guidelines into the process of NOx reduction from thermal plasma torches are given.

Theoretical simulation study of laser-induced plasma bombardment on bacteria

With the rapid advancement of laser decontamination technology and growing awareness of microbial hazards, it becomes crucial to employ theoretical model to simulate and evaluate decontamination processes by laser-induced plasma. This study employs a two-dimensional axisymmetric fluid dynamics model to simulate the power density of plasma bombardment on bacteria and access its decontamination effects. The model considers the transport processes of vapor plasma and background gas molecules. Based on the destructive impact of high-speed moving particles in the plasma on bacteria, we investigate the bombardment power density under various conditions, including different laser spot sizes, wavelengths, plate’s tilt angles, and plate-target spacing. The results reveal that the bombardment power density increases with a decrease in laser spot size and wavelength. For instance, when the plate is parallel to the target surface with a 1 mm spacing, the bombardment power density triples as the laser spot size decreases from 0.8 mm to 0.5 mm and quadruples as the wavelength decreases from 1064 nm to 266 nm. Notably, when the plate is parallel to the target with a relatively close spacing of 0.5 mm, the bombardment power density at 0° inclination increases sevenfold compared to 45°. This simulation study is essential for optimizing optical parameters and designing component layouts in decontamination devices using laser-induced plasma. The reduction of laser spot size, wavelength, plate-target spacing and aligning the plate parallel to the target, collectively contribute to achieving precise and effective decontamination.