Plano De Research Articles

Installation and monitoring of a canopy bridge connecting Atlantic Forest fragments containing endangered species in Northeastern Brazil

Abstract In 2019, a canopy bridge was built connecting two fragments of the Atlantic Forest separated by the Pacatuba unpaved road within the Pacatuba-Gargaú Corridor. This bridge was built as part of the Brazilian National Action Plan for the Conservation of Northeastern Primates (Plano de Ação Nacional para Conservação dos Primatas do Nordeste – PAN PRINE). The forest fragments contain a variety of mammal species, including the endangered primate species Alouatta belzebul and Sapajus flavius. Between September 2019 and March 2020, we monitored the canopy bridge continuously with a Bushnell camera trap; for a total of 204 days of sampling, resulting in evidence of 113 independent passage events. During the monitoring period, four mammal species used the canopy bridge, the Endangered Sapajus flavius (blond capuchin monkey), Callithrix jacchus (common marmoset), Marmosa demerarae (woolly mouse opossum), and Marmosa murina (murine mouse opossum). The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) used the bridge most frequently, representing 50.44% of the passage events (57), while the blond capuchin monkey (S. flavius) crossed the bridge in 30 events (26.5% of total crossings). All other mammals used the bridge less frequently than the primates (23% of crossings were of opossums). There was no record of crossings by the red-handed howler monkey (Alouatta belzebul) during the monitoring period. The construction of the canopy bridge within the Pacatuba-Gargaú forest corridor promoted structural and functional connectivity of the forest habitats, affecting the movement of the Endangered blond capuchin monkey and the common marmoset and benefiting other arboreal mammal species. The results indicate that monitoring the use of this canopy bridge provided important insights into the behaviour and ecology of the species studied (e.g., activity patterns, social interactions, group sizes, and reproduction, among many others). In addition, the use of the bridge decreases the risks of animal-vehicle collisions and electrocutions. Considering our results, we strongly recommend constructing and implementing canopy bridges as a strategy for the conservation of arboreal species living in fragmented forest areas.

Vespa velutina nigrithorax venom allergy: Real-life clinical practice

Vespa velutina nigrithorax (VVN) is the first hornet accidentally introduced in Europe. 1 López S González M Goldarazena A Vespa velutina Lepeletier, 1836 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae): first records in Iberian Peninsula. EPPO Bulletin. 2011; 41: 439-441 Crossref Scopus (56) Google Scholar In Portugal, the first report was in 2011 in the north (Viana do Castelo). 2 Grosso-Silva JM Maia M Vespa velutina Lepeletier, 1836 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae), new species for Portugal. Arq Entomolóxicos. 2012; : 53-54 Google Scholar Bessa et al 3 Bessa AS Carvalho J Gomes A Santarém F. Climate and land-use drivers of invasion: predicting the expansion of Vespa velutina nigrithorax into the Iberian Peninsula. Insect Conserv Divers. 2016; 9: 27-37 Crossref Scopus (28) Google Scholar attempted to predict the invasive potential of VVN in the Iberian Peninsula (IP), and through a species distribution model, they concluded that the most suitable areas are in the northern region of the IP. As predicted, most of the nests found in mainland Portugal (12,245 nests in 2018) are situated in northern and central Portugal. 4 Instituto National de Investigacoa Agraria e Veterinaria. Bases para a Vigilância Ativa - Plano de Ação para a Vigilância e Controlo da Vespa velutina. 2018. Available at: https://www.iniav.pt/plano-acao-vespa-velutina. Accessed November 29, 2021. Google Scholar

Mortality from chronic respiratory disease in Brazil: time trend and forecasts.

ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE To analyze the time trend of monthly mortality rates from chronic respiratory diseases in Brazil from 1996 to 2017, with forecasts for 2022, besides analyzing the possibility of achieving the goal of the Plano de Ações Estratégicas para o Enfrentamento das Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis no Brasil (Strategic Action Plan to Tackle Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases in Brazil) from 2011 to 2022.METHODS This is an ecological study that uses data from Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM – Mortality Information System), Sistema de Informações Demográficas e Socioeconômicas (Demographic and Socioeconomic Information System) and Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua (PNAD Contínua – Continuous National Household Sample Survey). We established the age range between 30 and 69 years old and the evolution of the rates over time was made by autoregressive integrated moving average models in R statistical tool.RESULTS Premature mortality rates from chronic respiratory diseases are decreasing in Brazil as a whole, mostly in state capitals. There is also a trend to reach the Ministry of Health’s goal in most of the country. For capitals that tend not to reach the goal, there is an association between mortality and social indicators, healthcare network and frequency of smoking.CONCLUSION This study intends to improve planning of the public health system for the control of chronic respiratory diseases.

Vol4 num2-20 Manufacturing and testing of a new CFRP node bonded by adhesives for its use in bus structures

In recent years exponential increase in the use of adhesives in industrial processes is observed. Nowadays these materials are used in applications as diverse as aerospace industry, automotive industry, railway industry or even civil construction. In the same way, the use of composite materials has grown enormously, especially in the aerospace industry, thanks to the benefits that this type of materials are able to provide, even as reinforcement. Current bus structures present serious problems of fatigue due to their rigidity, resulting in unexpected failures in certain nodes where stresses are concentrated. This work is part of a project that it is trying to provide more elasticity to the structure through the use of a new CFRP node joined by adhesives to the bus structure using polyurethane. The complex design of the node has caused numerous manufacturing problems. PLA node was manufactured using 3D printing for being used as a core. PLA node was covered layer by layer with CFRP by hand lay-up. In order to know the behavior of the whole set (CFRP node, adhesive and steel beams), four prototypes were manufactured and tested. Four point flexural test was carried out on the prototypes to validate the assembly. Results show the suitability and capacity of this new node concept to be used in bus structures. In recent years exponential increase in the use of adhesives in industrial processes is observed. Nowadays these materials are used in applications as diverse as aerospace industry, automotive industry, railway industry or even civil construction. In the same way, the use of composite materials has grown enormously, especially in the aerospace industry, thanks to the benefits that this type of materials are able to provide, even as reinforcement. Current bus structures present serious problems of fatigue due to their rigidity, resulting in unexpected failures in certain nodes where stresses are concentrated. This work is part of a project that it is trying to provide more elasticity to the structure through the use of a new CFRP node joined by adhesives to the bus structure using polyurethane. The complex design of the node has caused numerous manufacturing problems. PLA node was manufactured using 3D printing for being used as a core. PLA node was covered layer by layer with CFRP by hand lay-up. In order to know the behavior of the whole set (CFRP node, adhesive and steel beams), four prototypes were manufactured and tested. Four point flexural test was carried out on the prototypes to validate the assembly. Results show the suitability and capacity of this new node concept to be used in bus structures.

Sampling plan and methodological aspects: a household healthcare survey in Piauí.

ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE To describe the methodological aspects of the Piauí home healthcare survey (ISAD-PI) and assess the relation between sampling plan, precision, and design effects, assuming that population health surveys are relevant instruments for health monitoring.METHODS ISAD-PI was a population-based cross-sectional study that analyzed the living conditions and health status of the population residing in urban areas in the municipalities of Teresina and Picos, in Piauí. Sampling was carried out by conglomerates in two stages: Primary Sampling Units and households. To calculate the sample size, we considered the stratification of the population in both cities, according to the age of the individuals. We evaluated the “non-response” rate (NRR) and estimated the proportions according to sex and age, as well as the prevalence of social determinants of health in order to assess the compliance of the sampling plan. Analyses related to the precision according to the coefficient of proportion variation of the standard error (Cv-pˆ) and the design effect (deff). Cv-pˆ less than 20% and deff less than 1.5 were considered adequate. The total NRR of households was 38.2% in Teresina and 38.3% in Picos. We carried out twenty-four proportion estimates in relation to age and sex and 48 prevalence of social and health determinants estimates, totaling 72 estimates. Among them, 71 had Cv-pˆ less than 20% and 61 had deff less than or equal to 1.5.CONCLUSION Data generated from the ISAD-PI may contribute to the assessment of health and morbidity conditions in the population. Furthermore, methodological aspects employed in this research may serve as a basis for studies carried out in other cities in Brazil.

A VIEW ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE OF THE LEGAL AMAZON INDIGENOUS PEOPLES ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

The present work focused on the study, reading and reflection on the National Policy for Environmental and Territorial Management in Indigenous Lands (PNGATI) and the Territorial and Environmental Management Plans (in Portuguese, Plano de Gestão Territorial e Ambiental – ‘PGTAs’), of indigenous lands of the peoples belonging to the Legal Amazon, through a documentary bibliographic research. These documents aim to bring a look at the significant contribution of indigenous peoples to the conservation of biodiversity, presenting the way of life of these peoples, the care they have with their territories for physical and cultural reproduction, as well as their challenges in face of the development model adopted by the country. The PGTAs in question refer to the Jamamadi, Yanomami and Wajãpi peoples of the respective states of Amazonas, Roraima and Amapá.

Pesquisa Arquivística uma análise dos Planos de Atividade Complementar do curso de Arquivologia da Universidade de Brasília (2007-2019)

This article aims to identify and analyze the research developed in the Archival Science Programat University of Brasília, inthe form of the Plano de Atividade Complementar(PAC). Through investigations that contribute to the expansion of archival knowledge and enable the generation of new discoveries, PAC has in its composition a faculty advisor and Archival Science undergraduate students. As a methodology, a quali-quantitative analysis of this production was proposed, adopting, as a theoretical reference, the classification defined by Couture and Lajeunesse (2014) for archival research. The results indicate a low rate of students enrolled in research of this nature and present three themes with greater incidence. Some investigations have won awards at scientific events and others have been published in national and foreign journals.

The mapping and conservation status of architectural remnants from the time of the Sorocabana railway at Avaré Ecological Station and in the rural neighborhood of Andrade e Silva

The Andrade e Silva station and Forest Garden were installed, respectively, in 1895 and 1939 in the municipality of Avaré, as support for the operation of the “Estrada de Ferro Sorocabana” [Sorocabana railway]. With the change in the layout of the tracks, the surroundings of the station, which was configured as a prosperous urban center, became a rural neighborhood, and the Forest Garden an Ecological Station. In this context, the article aims at the mapping and conservation status of the architectural remnants still present in these locations. The specific objective is to provide subsidies for public policy decision making: Review of the “Plano de Manejo da Estação Ecológica de Avaré” [Avaré Ecological Station Management Plan] (EEA), belonging to the “Instituto Florestal” [Florestal Intitute] (IF) of the São Paulo State government, and the “Plano Diretor Municipal de Avaré” [Master Plan of the Municipality of Avaré]. Methodologically, it focused on primary documentation (Railway Reports, IF Reports, notary's certificates and legislation), cartographic, iconographic documentation, interviews and on-site visits to map the area in relation to its original composition (period of the railway) and the current situation. The survey enabled the mapping of the architectural remnants present in the neighborhood, in the EEA, as well as the original route that had been taken by the railway. The iconographic rescue allowed to pinpoint the location of buildings that no longer exist. The survey made it possible to ascertain that some architectural remnants present in the EEA have been restored (chapel), others need restoration (in the neighborhood and elements along the old railway track bed), but all need to be integrated into a joint policy between city and state, as they are important part of the history, memory and culture of the municipality of Avaré.

Estado Burguês, Planejamento Econômico e Industrialização no Brasil (1930-1980)

The article aims to discuss the role of the State in the process of constitution, expansion and consolidation of industry in the brazilian peripheral economy. In the first moment, there is an exhibition of what was conventionally called “restricted” industrialization and the constitution of the bourgeois state in Brazil during the Vargas era. In the second, the industrialization that was observed during the implementation of the audacious Plano de Metas proposed by Juscelino Kubistchek is emphasized. In the third and last one, an approach is taken about the consolidation of the industrialization process carried out during the military dictatorship, especially in the period of the so-called economic miracle and in the milestones of the II PND, which was in force between the years 1974-1979, during the government of General Ernesto Geisel. The article consists of a critical review about the Brazilian industrialization process, based, theoretically, on the contributions of authors of the so-called historical-structural method and on the marxist theory of dependence. Â

Geointelligence against Illegal Deforestation and Timber Laundering in the Brazilian Amazon

Due to the characteristics of the Southern Amazonas Mesoregion (Mesorregião Sul do Amazonas, MSA), conducting on-site surveys in all licensed forestry areas (Plano de Manejo Florestal, PMFS) is an impossible task. Therefore, the present investigation aimed to: (i) analyze the use of geointelligence (GEOINT) techniques to support the evaluation of PMFS; and (ii) verify if the PMFS located in the MSA are being executed in accordance with Brazilian legislation. A set of twenty-two evaluation criteria were established. These were initially applied to a “standard” PMFS and subsequently replicated to a larger area of 83 PMFS, located in the MSA. GEOINT allowed for a better understanding of each PMFS, identifying illegal forestry activities and evidence of timber laundering. Among these results, we highlight the following evidences: (i) inconsistencies related to total transport time and prices declared to the authorities (70% of PMFS); (ii) volumetric information incompatible with official forest inventories and/or not conforming with Benford’s law (54% of PMFS); (iii) signs of exploitation outside the authorized polygon limits (51% of PMFS) and signs of clear-cutting (43% of PMFS); (iv) no signs of infrastructure compatible with licensed forestry (24% of PMFS); and (v) signs of exploitation prior to the licensing (19% of PMFS) and after the expiration of licensing (5%).

O Plano de Valorização do Património Cultural da Escola Secundária Sebastião e Silva, Oeiras

Like so many secondary schools, in Portugal and elsewhere, the Sebastião e Silva Secondary School in Oeiras has important scientific collections. These mainly encompass the Natural Sciences, Physics and Chemistry fields, and their significance is associated both with the memory and identity of the School, and with local pedagogic practices, contributing therefore to the history of sciences and education in Portugal. Moreover, they reflect the value given to these subjects by their host institution, for example, by the selection of materials which integrate the collection. The main purpose of the present essay is to explain the origins and context of the collection and its institutionalization as a museological nucleus of the School. The collection relevance and its immeasurable heritage value is a maker of a collective identity and memory of the School and the educational community. In the present paper implemented strategies of pedagogical interaction are discussed and, ultimately, problems and future perspectives are highlighted. A reflection is made about the relevance of this heritage in an era of digital technologies, as well as the main challenges in its preservation, study, interpretation and dissemination.

Intervenções de defesa costeira – balanço e perspetivas futuras

A costa portuguesa encontra-se, em significativa extensão, afetada por sérios problemas erosivos. O presente trabalho analisa as intervenções de defesa costeira que foram efetuadas para fazer face a esses problemas, apresentando um balanço de tais intervenções, bem como perspetivas para o futuro. Nos últimos anos, registou-se uma alteração de paradigma no que se refere à tipologia das intervenções de defesa costeira, com o crescente aumento do número de intervenções de proteção “suave”, nomeadamente alimentações artificiais de praia. Estas intervenções são executadas no âmbito de vários Planos de Ação, nomeadamente o Plano de Ação Litoral XXI, que constitui a base para uma adequada gestão da orla costeira, para cuja otimização se torna necessária a monitorização do comportamento da faixa litoral e dos impactos das intervenções já realizadas e do respetivo grau de eficácia, contribuindo para um litoral mais sustentável, resiliente, seguro e ambientalmente mais equilibrado.

Mapping the future: Pressures and impacts in the Portuguese maritime spatial planning.

Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) is bringing new challenges to planning and management in the marine realm, namely on the environmental assessment of the new plans and projects. Portugal is developing its first MSP instrument, PSOEM (Plano de Situação do Ordenamento do Espaço Marítimo), since 2015 and published it on December 2019. This paper focuses on a particular stage of the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) of PSOEM regarding the assessment of the activities/uses that may significantly affect Natura 2000 marine network during the Plan's implementation in the Mainland subdivision. Over the years, progress has been made in researching and assessing the environmental impacts of maritime activities/uses. However, its application to practice raised several challenges and limitations. The methodological approach presented in this paper was developed to overcome knowledge, data and time constraints. Some of the limitations are a consequence of the MSP approach itself adopted in Portugal, namely the low technical detail on future uses and activities, which is required and desirable at this level of planning. Others relate with the lack of spatially explicit data on marine habitats and species distribution preserved under Natura 2000 network, which is not fully established in the marine environment. The adopted methodology started with the characterization and mapping of the conservation values and the pressures arising from the potential activities/uses. It followed with the assessment of their impacts and finally with the identification of mitigation measures, which were then adopted by the PSOEM as good practices. As new knowledge is generated and more information is collected, this tailor-made approach can be easily adapted and improved to keep supporting decision-making throughout PSOEM's implementation. The method can be easily adapted and transferred to other contexts, not only within the Portuguese maritime area, and could be made available to stakeholders that wish to invest in blue growth.

AS POLÍTICAS PARA FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE: O QUE CONQUISTAMOS?


 
 
 
 O presente artigo tem como objetivo refletir por meio da análise documental e da literatura as políticas para a formação docente no cerne do que foi conquistado e do que retrocedeu no plano legal da sociedade civil, buscando pontuar a dinâmica em que se institui a legislação. Por outro lado, se concentra a reflexão com base no decênio do primeiro Plano de Educação Nacional 2001-2010, no segundo PNE 2014-2024 e as Diretrizes para a Formação Inicial, que tem apontado a possibilidade de uma organicidade da formação inicial de docentes. E neste cenário, como a Reforma do Ensino Médio engendrou modificações no plano formativo. Apresenta-se ainda, uma discussão referente as Políticas para a Formação Inicial, com intuito de pensar a valorização e a desvalorização profissional nas contradições do plano legal.
 
 
 

Arquitetura e espaços museológicos: experiências a partir do plano de requalificação do núcleo arquitetônico histórico de Manguinhos na cidade do Rio de Janeiro

This presentation aims to discuss two museographic intervention projects in historical buildings, from the Plano de Requalificação do Núcleo Arquitetônico Histórico de Manguinhos – NAHM, in the main campus of the Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The NAHM is compost of building from the early XX century, in an eclectic style, to embrace various activities needed in the research, teaching and the production of vaccines and medicaments. The Stables and the Dovecot, addressed in this presentation, belongs to the first step of implementation of this initiative in the campus and seek the ampliation of the expositive spaces to the scientific divulgation in Fiocruz, through the Museu da Vida, the branch responsible for this kind of action in the institution. The occupation plans of those buildings were developed from their architectonical characteristics, who led to different communicational strategies of communication with the public. Keywords: museological spaces, requalification plans, architectonical heritage.

Body and otolith shape analyses of the Brazilian sardine, Sardinella brasiliensis, to differentiate population-units in the purse seine fishery off Brazil

Body and otolith shape analyses of the Brazilian sardine, Sardinella brasiliensis, to differentiate population-units in the purse seine fishery off Brazil

Analysis of a National Policy for Education according to Skinner

B. F. Skinner was a scientist concerned about education. In the present study Skinner`s publications are used as a parameter to analyze the decree Plano de Metas Compromisso Todos pela Educacao (All committed do education) (Brasil, 2007). Based on the reading and analysis of Skinner`s writings and the selected documents, fifteen themes were identified, such as: student’s assessment, pace of instruction, student`s permanence in school, drop-out, teacher’s training and teacher’s assessment. Compatibilities between Skinner’s propositions and those of the decree were verified, which, on one side, points out to the possibility that the new educational practices produced by the decree might generate an improvement of instruction; and, on the other hand, suggests a possible contribution of behavior analysis to the proposition and evaluation of public policies. Thus, this work points out to a way to implement the approach of behavior analysts to government programs suggesting how proposals produced by behavior analysis could be applied to achieve the objectives of such programs.

Mainstreaming climate adaptation in spatial planning. The case of Baixa Pombalina in Lisbon

Baixa Pombalina is the historical downtown area of Lisbon city, close to the Tagus estuary, sheltering many economic activities with tourism at first. This paper assesses and maps the vulnerability of the area, at the neighbourhood scale, to floods episodes and sea level rise. The methodology outlines how the different components of vulnerability are tackled, while taking the importance of the local context to the definition of composite indexes. Twenty two vulnerability hotspots were found, for which six adaptation options are proposed to be embedded into Plano de Pormenor currently in place.

Formação continuada de professores no PAR em municípios do Rio Grande do Norte e Pará

Este artigo analisa aspectos da formação continuada de professores para a melhoria da qualidade do ensino fundamental. É um recorte da pesquisa “Avaliação do Plano de Ações Articuladas (PAR): um estudo em municípios dos estados do Rio Grande do Norte, Pará e Minas Gerais no período de 2007 a 2011”, OBEDUC/CAPES e apresenta dados sobre o Rio Grande do Norte e Pará. Coteja: literatura, documentos, descritores dos conceitos, parte de entrevistas realizadas com membros das Secretarias Municipais de Educação envolvidos no PAR, aporte legal e normativo. As entrevistas seguiram o WordSmith Tools, que definiu a Word list e um corpus com mil palavras, concord. Os sujeitos estão identificados pela sigla do estado e do município; ordem dos entrevistados e pergunta. Contempla as categorias: regime de colaboração, participação, parceria e autonomia identificadas como tendências nas relações intergovernamentais. Predominavam relações verticalizadas, a União financiava a política e os demais entes tinham autonomia relativa.

Regime de colaboração e educação em tempo integral no Brasil

RESUMO A ampliação da cobertura da educação em tempo integral pelas escolas públicas brasileiras consiste em uma das 20 decisões centrais do Plano Nacional de Educação 2014-2024. Assim, o presente artigo visa a examinar alguns dos programas do governo federal que podem contribuir para sua implantação e desenvolvimento local, alicerçados no regime de colaboração, tomando por base três ações do Plano de Ações Articuladas: Programa Mais Educação, PDDE/Educação Integral e ProInfância. Constata-se que sua existência local, se, por um lado, apresenta forte dependência em relação às iniciativas do governo federal, por outro, demanda maior protagonismo dos sistemas de ensino na sua promoção, também em termos de construção de suas próprias propostas, sob a perspectiva de uma educação integral em tempo integral