Places Of Memory Research Articles

The 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT modulates motor/exploratory activity, recognition memory and dopamine transporter binding in the dorsal and ventral striatum

In the present studies, we assessed the effect of the 5-HT1A receptor (R) agonist 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) on motor and exploratory behaviors, object and place recognition and dopamine transporter (DAT) and serotonin transporter (SERT) binding in the rat brain. In Experiment I, motor/exploratory behaviors were assessed in an open field after injection of either 8-OH-DPAT (0.1 and 3 mg/kg) or vehicle for 30 min without previous habituation to the open field. In Experiment II, rats underwent a 5-min exploration trial in an open field with two identical objects. After injection of either 8-OH-DPAT (0.1 and 3 mg/kg) or vehicle, rats underwent a 5-min test trial with one of the objects replaced by a novel one and the other object transferred to a novel place. Subsequently, N-o-fluoropropyl-2b-carbomethoxy-3b-(4-[123I]iodophenyl)-nortropane ([123I]FP-CIT; 11 ± 4 MBq) was injected into the tail vein. Regional radioactivity accumulations were determined post mortem with a well counter. In both experiments, 8-OH-DPAT dose-dependently increased ambulation and exploratory head-shoulder motility, whereas rearing was dose-dependently decreased. In the test rial of Experiment II, there were no effects of 8-OH-DPAT on overall activity, sitting and grooming. 8-OH-DPAT dose-dependently impaired recognition of object and place. 8-OH-DPAT (3 mg/kg) increased DAT binding in the dorsal striatum relative to both vehicle and 0.1 mg/kg 8-OH-DPAT. Furthermore, in the ventral striatum, DAT binding was decreased after 3 mg/kg 8-OH-DPAT relative to vehicle. Findings indicate that motor/exploratory behaviors, memory for object and place and regional dopamine function may be modulated by the 5-HT1AR. Since, after 8-OH-DPAT, rats exhibited more horizontal and less (exploratory) vertical motor activity, while overall activity was not different between groups, it may be inferred, that the observed impairment of object recognition was not related to a decrease of motor activity as such, but to a decrease of intrinsic motivation, attention and/or awareness, which are relevant accessories of learning. Furthermore, the present findings on 8-OH-DPAT action indicate associations not only between motor/exploratory behavior and the recognition of object and place but also between the respective parameters and the levels of available DA in dorsal and ventral striatum.

“CREATIVE PLACEMAKING”: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOSTERING SOCIAL COHESION IN COMMUNITY SPACES WITHIN RESIDENTIAL ENVIRONMENTS

There has been research on the significance of placemaking as a process for user health and well-being and how that affects their way of life in urban planning and development. Creative placemaking, one of the most effective paradigms for making social sustainability, lacks community attributes for social cohesion in planning and design techniques for community spaces, which is the focus of the study. A conceptual model for the inclusion of the concept of creative placemaking in community open spaces to enhance social cohesion in residential environments are proposed in this study. The study employs a qualitative approach to determine the elements and indicators of creative place placemaking considering placemaking as a social process. Community open spaces in a residential neighbourhood were shown to be developing creative placemaking indicators based on theoretical Research VIZ: a) place attachment, b) connection to nature, c) sense of place, d) place memory, e) happy place mapping, and f) image and identity that altogether significantly could contribute towards effective social cohesion in these spaces.

Performativity of the Memory of Religious Places through Sound and Image

In this essay, we explore and deepen the confluence between sound and image, linking and relating concepts, purposes and coherence of artistic practices mediating and reconfiguring the memory of religious places. We observed that the performativity of memory, as an autobiographical concept, can be enhanced through live audiovisual performances in religious places. We have established that the performativity of memory in religious places can promote a spatial ‘self’, creating dynamic, immersive and physical experiences in the religious places. And we argue that the construction of this spatial ‘self’ involves processes of social and artistic reconfiguration that contribute to transforming not only the social dynamics within the community but also the artistic representations of memory. These main findings were reached following a process of research through artistic practice, thus a systematization of the processes involved in approaching three religious places. It also assumes the (de)construction of the sense of place throughout a personal reading on the mediation through nonverbal means. In this research, we also observed that the aesthetic and performative configurations can have an impact on the most individual manifestations of religion, religiosity and religious belief, influencing the interpretation and creation of meaning, evoking emotional and spiritual responses.

Deepening our capacity for teaching with Place

AbstractThis paper presents a learning journey about deepening capacity for teaching with Place through relational learning and shares three pedagogical ingredients that are integral in enacting more ethical, decolonial place pedagogies. We are three women, educators working in community and teacher education with interests in environmental education, decoloniality and indigeneity. We write from the position of people whose ancestry is not Indigenous to the places we were born, nor those where we live now. We bring diverse experiences, voices, bodies and memories of Place into productive conversations as we think and write together about how we are learning with Place, and our response-abilities for enacting regenerative place pedagogies. We situate our emergent and relational inquiry within our experiences and encounters with Place in solidarity with the call for the sharing of stories that “explore knowing and being as relational practices” (Bawaka Country et al.). Our paper is premised on the understanding that our ethical commitment to decoloniality involves learning to live and learn with and love the places we are now, and prioritising Indigenous philosophies, scholarship and ways of knowing Place throughout our education practices.

What Got You through Lockdown?

What Got You through Lockdown?

Rooms to Live In: An Architect’s Recollections

ABSTRACT Our homes are our unwritten autobiographies, the places to which we are most emotionally attached. As such, our houses should be as unique as we are, satisfying our deepest desires and enriching our lives in our specific time and place. The purpose of this essay was to determine what factors, both physical and emotional, make it possible to design such unique houses for ourselves. For an architect-designed home, what information must be discovered and revealed to the architect to achieve this goal? The author discusses the process he employed over 40 years of designing houses that their owners loved and cherished, beginning with having clients remember and analyze their favorite childhood places. He suggests that “only a detailed, intimate, and uniquely specific description will tender a unique house,” and that “the most valuable guide to what makes you comfortable” – more than photos, magazine clippings, or thousands of links to shelter websites – is the memory of that special childhood place. Determining what made that place so special, he concludes, is the beginning of our journey toward a new home that is as unique as we are.

Reminiscences of Kothas: Exploring Spatial Intimacies in Ruth Vanita’s Memory of Light

This paper aims to study the representation of same-sex desire in Ruth Vanita’s Memory of Light (2020) and analyze how the socio-spatial dynamics of the kotha helps to reconstruct female-to-female intimacy and convey a different idea of community and a sense of belonging in history. The novel, which traces the relationship between two courtesans, is also a recreation of the pre-modern Lucknow and its vibrant kothas with distinct architectural features. Beyond its overt function of entertaining the male patrons, the kothas as all-female establishments also served as a space of security and intimacy for women. The paper outlines the politics of situating same-sex desire in the historical backdrop of pre-colonial era. It uses concepts from Feminist Theory, Cultural Geography and Memory Studies, to examine the importance of kothas as a material and an ideological space, in facilitating discourses on gender variance, intimacy, and friendship that entered the cultural production of the time. In particular, the analysis intends to emphasize the frequent entanglement between the spatial features and women’s intimate practices as a distinct way of articulating same-sex desire that dissolves the binary understanding of hetero/homosexuality. Therefore, by insisting on the remembrance of kothas, the paper delineates how the ‘memory of places’ carves out two functions in the context of lesbian politics. On the one hand, it generates a ‘symbolic continuum’ to the history of women loving women to reframe postcolonial categorical understanding of ‘lesbian’ in contemporary times, and on the other, by infusing strategic use of metafictional elements, it emerges as a subversive mode of narrating stories of same-sex love while negotiating with the historical erasure of spaces of female-to female desire.

The Topography of Memory: The Constitutive Relation Between Body Memory and Place Memory

A new interest in space emerged in contemporary studies of body memory. According to Merleau-Ponty, the lived body constitutes a close connection between place and memory. The real or even imagined movements of the body contribute to the recollection of places. Recently, Edward S. Casey and Thomas Fuchs highlighted the constitutive role of the body in remembering. First, the paper intends to show the intertwined relation between body memory and place memory. For instance, Casey regards Proust’s madeleine experience as an instance of place memory, and he argues that the body can sustain and recollect place memories. According to Casey, modern philosophy neglected the concept of place, in which the lived body is dwelling, and introduced the concept of site; that is, the geometrical extension of a homogeneous and isotropic space. Second, the paper examines the psychological and emotional aspects of place memories. According to Fuchs, body and place memory constitute a horizontal unconscious that consists of the zones of attraction and avoidance of the lived space. Finally, the paper argues that place memory has much to offer to the phenomenological investigation of the self. Place memory eventuates the recollection of distant memories in an affectively charged form. This type of memory establishes an affective connection with the past and contributes to the preservation of personal identity.

Scene Perception and Visuospatial Memory Converge at the Anterior Edge of Visually Responsive Cortex.

To fluidly engage with the world, our brains must simultaneously represent both the scene in front of us and our memory of the immediate surrounding environment (i.e., local visuospatial context). How does the brain's functional architecture enable sensory and mnemonic representations to closely interface while also avoiding sensory-mnemonic interference? Here, we asked this question using first-person, head-mounted virtual reality and fMRI. Using virtual reality, human participants of both sexes learned a set of immersive, real-world visuospatial environments in which we systematically manipulated the extent of visuospatial context associated with a scene image in memory across three learning conditions, spanning from a single FOV to a city street. We used individualized, within-subject fMRI to determine which brain areas support memory of the visuospatial context associated with a scene during recall (Experiment 1) and recognition (Experiment 2). Across the whole brain, activity in three patches of cortex was modulated by the amount of known visuospatial context, each located immediately anterior to one of the three scene perception areas of high-level visual cortex. Individual subject analyses revealed that these anterior patches corresponded to three functionally defined place memory areas, which selectively respond when visually recalling personally familiar places. In addition to showing activity levels that were modulated by the amount of visuospatial context, multivariate analyses showed that these anterior areas represented the identity of the specific environment being recalled. Together, these results suggest a convergence zone for scene perception and memory of the local visuospatial context at the anterior edge of high-level visual cortex.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT As we move through the world, the visual scene around us is integrated with our memory of the wider visuospatial context. Here, we sought to understand how the functional architecture of the brain enables coexisting representations of the current visual scene and memory of the surrounding environment. Using a combination of immersive virtual reality and fMRI, we show that memory of visuospatial context outside the current FOV is represented in a distinct set of brain areas immediately anterior and adjacent to the perceptually oriented scene-selective areas of high-level visual cortex. This functional architecture would allow efficient interaction between immediately adjacent mnemonic and perceptual areas while also minimizing interference between mnemonic and perceptual representations.

Emotional interior design and its effect on stimulating place memory

Emotional interior design and its effect on stimulating place memory

The spatial vision of place identity elements along the highways: A procedural approach

Placelessness and the loss of a place’s identity, along the travel corridors, can generate a few problems like fatigue in driving, difficulties in wayfinding and limit the people from exploring new places and architectural buildings. The sense of a place’s familiarity and the similarity of views along the roadways are often overlooked, which result in the development of monotonous mundane highways, leading to the loss of place identity. There is an imperative need to understand the place identity elements along the roads and enhance them so as to improve the activity encounters, comprehensive awareness, and orientation along the travel sequences. Spatial identity elements help the travellers to sit, look, relax or entertain themselves which enhances the identity of a place along with the travel experience. Spatial vision is vital to notice the places that pass by with elements along the travel. The logical positioning of locating the identities attracts a clear visibility. A comprehensive viewshed, with an appropriate angle of vision, adds to the sense of identity and creates the place memory. The current research paper provides a method to understand the importance of locating a building along a highway with proper orientation. The research focuses on checking the visibility of buildings and studying them for the right location so as to enhance the place-identity quality for a better perception and visibility of the travellers in their moving corridors. In this background, the ISOVIST measures are appropriate design and study tools to calculate the visibility viewsheds and angles of the place identity elements. The evaluation of the elements’ visibility is performed using Depthmap X 0.70 (designed by UCL), a simulation tool with nine options of designing a restaurant, as a place identity element along a highway, at the entrance of an educational institution. In this study, a total of 144 maps was generated with 16 maps for each option for nine options of location and orientation. The research concludes with methods and recommendations at an eye level of the traveller along the highway for an innovative and procedural approach to measure and assess the location and visibility of place identity elements along the highway.

Reminiscence about the Soviet City: Urban Space in the Ukrainian Fiction of the 21st century

This paper addresses the group of works of contemporary Ukrainian literature in which the narrators’ reminiscences about urban areas directly relate to the formation of a national identity. In the Ukrainian fiction of the last two decades, the urban identity of the Soviet period is mainly shown as a specific ideologically caused type of identity, intended to replace or blur the national and the local identities. Marc Augé’s anthropological theory, which is based on the opposition of “places” and “non-places”, underlies the theoretical framework for this study. In the analyzed literary works, non-places as transitional areas, devoid of historicity and identity, are viewed as predominating over places and represented by either communal or private locations. Protagonists’ memories of communal non-places, – such as schools, hospitals, grocery stores, places of commemoration, monuments and administrative buildings, – often emphasize these characters’ feelings of alienation and misery in urban space. Communal non-places are also depicted in fiction as a means for authorities to exert ideological influence on citizens in order to restore the totalitarian regime (as is shown in the novel (Rivne / Rovno (The Wall) by Oleksandr Irvanets). Fiction depicting memories of private places also acquire non-place characteristics, such as the private apartment of the Lvivan Cilycks’ family in Victoria Amelina’s novel Dom’s Dream Kingdom. The transformation of the private area into a non-place demonstrates the danger of ignoring one’s own history, which leads to a loss of urban and national identity and the repetition of historical mistakes made by previous generations.

Syncretism of Paganism and Orthodoxy in the Mari and Udmurt Cultures: Confessional markers in the natural landscape

For Russia as a multinational country, with a rich history and traditions, as well as a specific way of life, the topic of double faith is still relevant to this day. The subject of the study is the confessional markers of dual faith in the Mari and Udmurt cultures in modern settlements of the southern districts of the Kirov region. The aim of the work is to analyze the representation and visualization of the syncretism of paganism and Orthodoxy in the Mari and Udmurt cultures through confessional markers in the natural landscape of the southern districts of the Kirov region. The empirical basis of the research is the materials of the 2017-2023 expeditions to the Kizmez and Malmyzhsky districts of the Kirov region, where Mari and Udmurts live, who are third and fourth most numerous population of the Kirov region. Based on the methods of analyzing the features of religious and ethno-cultural interactions of these peoples and analyzing sacred objects inscribed in the natural landscape, the authors used methods of historical and cultural comparison and analysis of textual materials. New objects of the sacred natural landscape have been identified among the Mari and Udmurts, in which there is a deification of nature. It manifests itself in such confessional markers as sacred groves and fields where pagan deities, spirits of the forest were worshipped. In addition, the sacred meaning was carried by the sanctuaries of heroes and places associated with the souls of the dead, inscribed in the natural landscape of the area. The novelty of the research consists in clarifying the specifics of some rituals, supplementing information about the beliefs of the Udmurts and Mari, introducing new objects of the sacred cultural landscape into scientific circulation, which is designated as the intangible cultural heritage of the peoples of the Vyatka Region. The authors come to the conclusion that some fragments of pagan beliefs and rituals among the Mari and Udmurts still exist and are closely connected with the natural landscape and memories of places of worship, the historical memory of the people. At the same time, Orthodoxy has taken deep roots and strong roots in the hearts of these peoples. But the historical and comparative study of religious beliefs and rituals shows that the original syncretism of Orthodoxy and paganism of the Mari and Udmurts of the southern districts of the Kirov region serve as a means of ethnic identification in the formation of the sacred cultural and natural landscape.

근대역사경관의 논쟁을 활용한 통합사회 교육 방안

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to propose Integrated Social Studies Education using issuesrelated to the place memory found in modern historical landscapes. Methods: Conducted literature research, field surveys, and analyzed the national curriculum alongwith the contents of education. Results: Currently, different methods have seen proposed and many regions have seen a positive andmodern transformation of negative place memories related t``o colonial rule based on the formationof regional identity. In this study, issues about modern historical landscapes in which colonial andmodern memories compete were applied to the Integrated Social Studies Education. This researchstudy proposed a teaching plan to utilize the concept of landscapes of new cultural geography andexamples of conflicts about place memories as parts of cultural education Integrated Social Studies. Conclusion: This subject involved integrated thinking. The research finding are thus suitable for dealingwith disputes over modern historical landscapes in a unified society. This study has educationalsignificance in that it focused on the reproduction of memories in history by geographical landscapes,and specifically suggesting a new understanding of the problems of the existing modern historicallandscapes, Nevertheless, this study has limitations with respect to the anti-Japanese struggle andethnocentric descriptions.

Mapping Through Memory: The location and nature of Mass paths in Ireland.

Methodologies that capture the ways in which individuals and communities value places are becoming increasingly attractive to policymakers and authors highlight the need for additional tools and archival material concerning how people engage withlandscapes on an everyday basis. This paper addresses that need and argues that oral history and personal memory can be used as effective tools for geographical mapping and analysis, both physical and virtual. Religion involves the collective identity ofa people and has strong affinities with the traditions and knowledge handed down from generation to generation. Such traditions and knowledge are often handed down orally and offer potential for geographical enquiry. Oral history can provide uniqueinsights into the history of place, often providing narratives about the recollection of self, relationships with others and place, insights rarely provided in such depth by other methods. Place memory has become an important theme in recent geographicalresearch and landscape can be mapped through memories and stories to create a virtual cartography of place. Using a case study approach in Lackagh, County Galway, the authors use an innovative assemblage of methods to produce one of the most thoroughsyntheses of information available in respect to the location, history and heritage of Mass paths in Ireland at a parish level.

Question of creating the historical center of Togliatti: psychological prerequisites and project practice of preserving the memory of a place

The purpose of the article is to raise the question of the feasibility of creating the historical center of the city of Togliatti in the structure of the Central District on the basis of a new building and transferred from the territory of the flooded Stavropol in the mid-50s. This idea was repeatedly raised at the administrative level and was partly expressed in the projects for the reconstruction of the Central Park, the Museum Quarter and a number of other project proposals. The issue of determining the urban centers of all districts of Togliatti is still being discussed and is debatable, on which there is no consensus. It is proposed to carry out an audit of the preserved historical and architectural heritage, to identify the optimal territory of the historical center with a subsequent design proposal for its improvement. All this leads to the search for conceptual foundations, because the historical heritage of the city with a centuries-old history is almost lost. Architectural methods of preserving the memory of place come to the rescue: commemoration, reminiscence, retrospection, reconstruction. Another task of the study is to combine design practices with psychological techniques aimed at maintaining a stable psycho-emotional state of a person.

From settlement patterns to memory of place among Holocene hunter-gatherers at Sai Island, Middle Nile Valley

ABSTRACT Persistent places are the locations where people aggregate, utilise and reuse natural or built features and develop their social identities and interactions. A network of persistent places forms interconnected persistent settlement patterns, which create a humanly made or storied landscape with a shared community-based memory of place. Although it has been demonstrated that persistent settlement patterns long preceded the onset of Neolithic farming villages, the Levant has received the most attention regarding this perspective. At the same time, Africa still needs to be addressed. This paper provides an illustrative case study of persistent settlement patterns created by Holocene hunter-gatherers in the Middle Nile Valley of Sudan. It employs geostatistical patterning and visual mapping of an extensive collection of different classes of artefacts (lithic industry, hammerstones, ground stone tools and pottery) from a well-preserved Khartoum Variant site on Sai Island and correlates them to complex architectural features exposed on an archaeological surface (Level 1) at site 8-B-10C dating to the early fifth millennium cal. BC. The combination of multiple in-depth geostatistical analyses of a complex habitation system successfully documents an exceptionally preserved planned intra-site settlement organisation maintained over several generations, revealing a memory of place.

:Souvenirs and the Experience of Empire in Ancient Rome

:<i>Souvenirs and the Experience of Empire in Ancient Rome</i>

THE PICTURE AS A RESULT OF MEMORY IN NEMERE KEREZSI'`S ART

In this paper I focus on a case study concerning Nemere Kerezsi’s artistic approach presented in the exhibition Nemere Kerezsi: Thiemann-Etüde (Quadro Gallery, Cluj-Napoca, 13th of May – 24th of June 2022). The aim of this article is to analyze the close relationship between memory and image, starting from the way the artist observes and researches the memory and narratives created around places, which he claims as the central resource for the creation of his works present in the Thiemann-Etüde exhibition. The artist systematically starts from the micro framework of personal memories and narratives, which are then recorded and reproduced, through suggestive images, for the macro framework of the Anthropocene topic of the current history. Thus, the theoretical debates on the issue of the Anthropocene are relevant in this context, because the artist captures through a diversified visual language (video, photography, sculpture, installation etc.) the cultural-artificial intervention of man on nature and the consequences of this intrusion. Starting from the premise that the natural environment and history present themselves more and more as a result built on the basis of the interconnection of people who fabricate communities, Nemere Kerezsi developed his artistic approach similar to anthropological research. Namely, the artist collects subtle data about the personal memory of different places he’s visited, in order to generate the “image of an experience”.

From Local to Global: Reconsidering Material Experience in the Age of Global Regionalism

Abstract: Global design tends to simplify and homogenize the discourse of architectural practice. Global practices typically avoid concrete solutions addressing the specific needs of the local. Global production is concerned with solving not a single problem but the same problem at high volume. Global design leads to an estrangement of local tradition and material history, delivering unfitting contextual insertions that progressively impoverish local memory in material, cultural, and ultimately, social terms. The global is not context antagonistic; it is acontextual by definition, because its concerns are related to abstract systems of economic value and the demands of industrial production. Conversely, the local celebrates the idiosyncrasies that relate to a specific location. Local architectural strategies promote a connection between material work and sensory experience, providing an architectural framework for the collective memory that avoids compromising contextual responses with uprooted designs. The tactile experience of materials over time contributes to construct the memory of places, ultimately building up its identity. Material memory opposes the homogenizing and alienating dimension of generic global design. The associations between material perception and collective memory facilitate a foundation for contemporary architectural production through sensory experience, while incorporating regional idiosyncrasies that embody contextual continuities. The connections between material memory and tactility can in fact reveal pathways to productive models of responsible globalism. The qualities embodied in the material memory of a place speak to a common history that embodies the very traces of how and why a place is what it is. Material memory and the direct experience of tactility oppose many of the homogenizing and alienating conditions of generic global design, providing a model that provides continuity between the local and the global, between past and future. This essay reflects on local techniques and material tactility as a potential path to grounding interventions that oppose the homogenizing discourses implemented by global trends. In proposing a model based on Global Regionalism, materials are considered the canvas upon which the intimacy of contextual traces connects memory with innovation, incorporating experience and tradition into the global mainstream.