Placement Patterns Research Articles

L1 influence on stress placement by English language teachers in Anambra State (Nigeria)

Despite the availability of a number of studies on stress in Nigerian English, scant attention has been paid to patterns of stress placement in connected speech by Anambra State English language teachers, especially insights that are supported with acoustic evidence. Bearing in mind this gap as well as their training in the language and its expected standardising role, this study describes the patterns that characterise stress assignment to words in the context of connected speech by Anambra State English language teachers, while tracking possible L1 influence. A short passage which was read by 50 Anambra State teachers and audio-recorded, in addition to naturally occurring classroom speech, constitute the data. The analysis, which was done perceptually and acoustically, shows that when placed against the constitutionally mandated patterns of Standard British English (SBE), the teachers have variable and unstable stress placement patterns on words in connected speech. They produced stressed syllables with higher F0, intensity and duration than SBE. Out of the 50 participants, only 21% had patterns that are close to SBE, while L1 influence was evident in 79% of the participants. This evidence does not support the continuous exonormative role of SBE for Nigerian English.

Green infrastructure modelling for UHI control to urban thermal comfort: a case study of Temanggung urban area

ABSTRACT The Temanggung urban area in Central Java (Indonesia) already has considerable urban Green Infrastructure (GI), but the phenomenon of Urban Heat Island (UHI) has expanded to 268% in the last seven years. This study explores the theoretical gaps related to urban thermal comfort by combining tree management modelling as the independent variable and existing urban morphology as the dependent variable to identify the right place for the right tree using ENVI-met v5 simulations. We use the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) to determine urban thermal comfort, and our results showed a temperature decrease from 37°C (strong heat stress) to 32.5°C–35.5°C (moderate heat stress) and an average decrease of 1°C–3.5°C. These results were obtained by simulating the placement pattern of substations, land use zoning, tree size composition, paying attention to the type of road surface material, wind direction and speed and direction of road orientation, average air temperature, and location of building masses. This study provides a basis for consideration to assist local governments and researchers in managing GI in Temanggung Urban Area to create comfortable urban thermal comfort for their residents.

ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА КАРТОФЕЛЯИ ОВОЩЕЙ В СТРАНЕ

The territorial-sectoral division of labor in the agro-industrial complex and agriculture, in particu-lar, consists in the features that are unique to them, the patterns of development and placement of sub-sectors, the dependence on changes in the economic conditions of production, the level of state support for production processes. The list of factors influencing the territorial and sectoral division of labor includes natural conditions, zoning of production, the level of food consumption by region and its structure. The spatial organization of agriculture also depends on the distance over which food is transported, that is, from places of production to places of consumption. These factors have a direct impact on the formation of zones of specialization of certain types of agricultural products. When developing specialized zones, one should take into account the existing placement, the level of specialization and concentration of production, positive and negative indicators characterizing the territorial organization of the functioning of the industry and the production of certain types of agricultural products. An important indicator in the formation and development of specialized production zones is the country's need for a specific type of domestic food products. Changes in the spatial organization of the country's agriculture should be carried out taking into account the development of interregional exchange, payment demand, the situation in the internal and external markets for food and agro-industrial complex products, and possible changes in the regional spe-cialization of agricultural production. It should be noted that the advantage of the rational spatial organization of agriculture is still insufficiently used in the country. In some farms, it is spontane-ous and uncontrollable. At present, the importance of spatial development is increasing, since it is the least expensive and most accessible factor in increasing the production of competitive prod-ucts. Improving the spatial development of the production of potatoes and vegetables makes it pos-sible to ensure their rational management in each region of the country, to reduce the total costs of production and transportation of products.

How To Fostering Students’ Entrepreneurial Intention? A Systematic Review based On Entrepreneurship Education

The purpose of this study is to summarize and critically analyze research on the role of entrepreneurship education on students' interest in entrepreneurship in higher education. Specifically, our article focuses on the view of goals, patterns of placement, and theoretical basis used in entrepreneurship education research and entrepreneurial interest. This publication showcases 15 articles published on Scopus within the last three years providing a systematic review with PRISMA guidelines (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses). Our study shows that most of the related research analyzes the influence of entrepreneurship on entrepreneurial interest whereas, only a small proportion of research developed an entrepreneurship education model for entrepreneurial interest but has yet to reach the practical stage. As a result, authors suggest that it is necessary to conduct research on entrepreneurship education based on a sustainable entrepreneurship ecosystem, namely the development of a comprehensive entrepreneurship learning model that enhances the collaboration of theoretical learning and direct practical learning thus, achieving a future continuity of programs fostering student interest in becoming an entrepreneur.

Trocar number and placement for laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and comparison of single-incision and conventional laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Conventional laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (CLSG) has been conducted in multiple centers for treating morbid obesity, however, there are no standard criteria for (1) placing the trocar; and (2) how many trocars should be used. Single-incision laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SLSG), a newly emerged technique in 2008, has been proposed as an alternative to CLSG in recent years, however, there is no definite evidence for this. A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases for laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy cases from January 2006 to October 2022. We then summarized the trocar numbers and placement patterns among these studies. A meta-analysis was conducted to compare the difference between SLSG and CLSG in the perioperative and postoperative indices. A total of 61 studies involving 20180 patients who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for treating morbid obesity were included in the systematic review, including 11 on SLSG, 35 on CLSG, and 15 studies comparing SLSG and CLSG. A systematic review showed that the trocar number varied in different CLSG studies, mainly using four or five trocars. The trocars were mainly placed in position, presenting an inverted trapezoid pattern and a left-predominant pattern. Meta-analysis showed that the operative time in the SLSG was significantly higher than that in the CLSG, and the pain Visual Analog Scale rating on postoperative day 1 in the CLSG was significantly higher than in the SLSG. There were no statistical significances in the other complications or surgical efficiency. In the CLSG, the majority of the trocars were arranged in an inverted trapezoid pattern and were of the left-predominant type. Although SLSG is a feasible technique in selected patients, there is insufficient evidence to recommend its widespread use compared with CLSG. High-quality randomized controlled trials with large study populations and long follow-up periods will be required in the future.

A new method for designing cube armours for low-crested and submerged breakwaters

Recently, coastal structures designers have paid more attention to low-crested/submerged breakwaters due to their significant inherent advantages. Although many formulae can be found in the literature for the design of breakwater armour layer, the majority of them are proposed for high-crested breakwaters. Currently, there is no comprehensive formula for the design of the cube armour layer for low-crested/submerged breakwaters. Among the important parameters affecting the armour layer stability of low-crested/submerged breakwaters, the most effective ones are crest width, packing density and placement pattern of the armour units. These parameters, however, are not directly included in the existing design formulae. In this article a comprehensive and complete formula for design of the armour layer for low-crested/submerged breakwaters based on the results of a large number of experimental investigations is presented. The proposed formula contains the most important parameters such as the crest width, armour units packing density and placement pattern, slope, freeboard, as well as the wave characteristics. The comparison between the armour layer's hydraulic stability number obtained from this formula and the corresponding values recorded at the laboratory reveals its favorable accuracy indicating the applicability of the proposed formula for safe design of the cubic armour layer for low-crested/submerged breakwaters.

Bubble Effects on Manufacturing of Silicon Nanowires by Metal-Assisted Chemical Etching

Abstract Micro/nano-textured Si wafers manufactured using metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) have been the focus of several studies, but the mechanism of bubble generation during the MACE process affecting textured surfaces has rarely been reported. This study investigated the bubble effect due to the different placement patterns of the Si wafer (face-up, stirred face-down, and face-down). The results indicated that the placement pattern of the Si wafer notably influences the uniformity of outward appearance. At 2 h of etching, the outward appearance uniformity of face-up etching was more homogeneous than that of stirred face-down and face-down patterns, and the Si nanowires (SiNWs) processed through face-up etching were longer (41 μm) than those subjected to stirred face-down etching (36 μm) and face-down etching (32 μm). Therefore, the placement pattern of Si wafer can affect the uniformity and properties of SiNWs because of bubbles trapped inside cavities or between SiNWs.

Placement Management System

The Placement Management System (PMS) is a piece of software created to automate and streamline the management of student placements at educational establishments. The system's main goals are to increase productivity and lessen the load of paperwork involved in overseeing student placements. For managing student data, employer data, and placement possibilities, PMS offers an intuitive user interface. The system automates processes like interview scheduling, job offer management, and monitoring student progress. Administrators and stakeholders can access reporting features in PMS to learn more about placement patterns and performance. Institutions may modify the software to their individual needs thanks to the system's scalability and customization features. In general, PMS provides an extensive method for controlling.

Three‐dimensional visualization experimental study on proppant transportation and placement in the Hi‐way channel hydraulic fracturing technique

AbstractThe pattern of placement of the proppant in the fracture determines the stimulation and success of the surgery. Using a three‐dimensional visual parallel plate fracture model capable of simulating fracture height, length, and variable fracture width, we experimentally investigate the impact of fiber loading, fracture fluid viscosity, sand concentration, pulse time, perforation pattern, and injection rate on proppant transport, placement pattern, and access rate. Experimentally and visually, the migration process and the morphology of the proppant placement in the fracture were assessed. The formation laws of stable support columns and well‐shaped high conductivity fracture channels in fractures have been elucidated. Experimental results show that increasing the fiber concentration improves the channel rate and the proppant mass is large and stable. The channel rate increases with the viscosity of the fracturing fluid, and it is difficult to form a perfect channel when the viscosity is small. If the constructive displacement is too slight or too large, it will not favor the formation of a Hi‐way channel in the fracture. The optimal design displacement is 4.5 m3/min. When the proppant concentration is low, the passage rate is large, but the stability of proppant mass is poor under the scour of large displacement, the conductivity is low under the high closure pressure, the proppant concentration is too high, the suspension is difficult, the settlement rate is large, and it is difficult to form a large passage. The current column and the passage rate are larger for pulse times of 15–20 s. Cluster perforations are better than large continuous perforations. The higher the number of clusters in the same number of holes, the higher the channel rate. The formation laws of stable support pillars and well‐shaped high conductivity fracture channels in fractures have been elucidated, which can be useful for efficient stimulation of oil and gas reservoirs.

MP54-07 STENTS AND SHOCKWAVE LITHOTRIPSY - THE WHO AND THE WHY: RESULTS FROM A STATEWIDE COLLABORATIVE

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 Apr 2023MP54-07 STENTS AND SHOCKWAVE LITHOTRIPSY - THE WHO AND THE WHY: RESULTS FROM A STATEWIDE COLLABORATIVE Sami E. Majdalany, Monica van Til, Stephanie Daignault-Newton, David Leavitt, Khurshid Ghani, Casey Dauw, Naveen Kachroo, and Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative Sami E. MajdalanySami E. Majdalany More articles by this author , Monica van TilMonica van Til More articles by this author , Stephanie Daignault-NewtonStephanie Daignault-Newton More articles by this author , David LeavittDavid Leavitt More articles by this author , Khurshid GhaniKhurshid Ghani More articles by this author , Casey DauwCasey Dauw More articles by this author , Naveen KachrooNaveen Kachroo More articles by this author , and Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000003307.07AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) is a commonly performed stone procedure in the US. AUA guidelines do not recommend routine stent placement for SWL patients. We evaluated statewide practice patterns and predictors for stent placement at the time of SWL and whether stent placement affected stone free rates (SFR) and 30-day complication rates. METHODS: Adult patients undergoing SWL between 2016-2022 were identified using the MUSIC Reducing Operative Complications from Kidney Stones prospectively collected registry. We determined stent usage prior and during SWL across practices and collected demographic, clinical, stone and procedural factors. Outcomes included peri-operative management, complications and SFR. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictors of stent placement at time of SWL. RESULTS: Among 13,063 cases identified from 35 practices (222 urologists), wide practice variation in stent placement patterns were noted ranging from 0-17% (Figure 1). Overall, 2.3% cases were stented at the time of SWL and 15.5% had a prior stent. Stent on a string was performed in 26 cases (9%) by 11 urologists (54% by 1 provider). Stented SWL patients (prior/time of SWL) were more likely to be older, have a higher Charlson comorbidity index, solitary kidney, 1st upper tract stone, ureteral stone, larger stone, hydronephrosis and positive urinalysis/urine culture (all p<0.01). Stented patients were more likely to have peri-op and post-op antibiotics and anticholinergics (p<0.001). Predictors of stent placement at time of SWL included ureteral stones (OR1.6, 95%CI 1.1-2.3, p=0.01), larger stones (OR1.2, 95%CI 1.216-1.23, p<0.001), African-American race (OR1.8, 95%CI 1.03-3.0, p=0.039) and hydronephrosis (OR1.8, 95%CI 1.3-2.6, p<0.001). There were no differences in emergency department (ED) visits between stented and unstented patients (5.3% vs 3.9%, p=0.21) or 60-day SFR (34% vs 40%, p=0.10). Stented patients had significantly higher infectious complications (3% vs 0.6%, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Variation exists amongst urologists regarding stent usage with SWL, influenced by specific patient and stone factors as well as provider preference. Although ED visits and SFR did not differ, stented patients had a significantly increased post operative infection rate. Source of Funding: Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan © 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 209Issue Supplement 4April 2023Page: e756 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Sami E. Majdalany More articles by this author Monica van Til More articles by this author Stephanie Daignault-Newton More articles by this author David Leavitt More articles by this author Khurshid Ghani More articles by this author Casey Dauw More articles by this author Naveen Kachroo More articles by this author Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Моделирование устойчивого аграрного землепользования на основе агроэкологической оценки территории

The purpose of the study: to create a model of sustainable agricultural land use on the example of an existing agricultural organization in the Altai Кrai based on a comprehensive agro-ecological analysis of the territory. Research methods: A systematic approach and its variation, agroecological analysis, has become the main method of this scientific research. Spatial studies were carried out using the cartographic method. The obtained sets of analytical data were processed using GIS technologies. We also used the method of scientific abstraction, methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction. Research results. The area of the study area is more than 13.4 thousand hectares, among which arable land, hayfields and pastures predominate, which are everywhere to some extent subject to degradation processes. In general, the study area is typical for the subzone of the southern forest-steppe of the Altai Krai, so the results and models can be applied to the territories of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan that are similar in natural and economic terms. When analyzing the on-farm use of agricultural land, it was found that environmental stability depends on the degree of plowing, forest cover, the ratio of the main lands (arable land, meadow, forest plantations) and the calculated coefficients of environmental stability and anthropogenic load. It has been determined that the territory occupied by agricultural land and agricultural land is unstable and is subject to an average anthropogenic load. The author’s methodology for assessing the agro-ecological characteristics of agricultural lands used in the work made it possible to identify and typify the studied lands, compile unique digital maps of types of terrain, tracts, lands, and develop models for the transformation of agricultural lands, which made it possible to increase the sustainability of agricultural land use to a state of unstable stability. When modeling the landscape, the main task was to recreate the natural diversity and the mosaic pattern of land placement, which makes it possible to balance the material and energy processes occurring in the landscape. Conclusions: 1. An agroecological assessment of agricultural land of an agricultural organization in the Altai Krai was carried out. 2. Unique map-schemes of types of terrain, tracts, lands, study area were compiled, limiting factors and conditions affecting it were determined. 3. Modeled options for the transformation of agricultural landscapes, which contributed to a change in its sustainability, which is confirmed by the calculated indicators of the coefficients of environmental stability and anthropogenic load of the territory. 4. The results of the study can be applied in: organizing the territory of agricultural land use; designing land use systems; long-term planning and management of land resources, monitoring and cadastral valuation of land.

Communication-free shepherding navigation with multiple steering agents

Flocking guidance addresses a challenging problem considering the navigation and control of a group of passive agents. To solve this problem, shepherding offers a bio-inspired technique for navigating such a group of agents using external steering agents with appropriately designed movement law. Although most shepherding research is mainly based on the availability of centralized instructions, these assumptions are not realistic enough to solve some emerging application problems. Therefore, this paper presents a decentralized shepherding method where each steering agent makes movements based on its own observation without any inter-agent communication. Our numerical simulations confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method by showing its high success rate and low costs in various placement patterns. These advantages particularly improve with the increase in the number of steering agents. We also confirm the robustness and resilience properties of the proposed method via numerical simulations.

Brainwave-based authentication using features fusion

This article investigates the use of human brainwaves for user authentication. We used data collected from 50 volunteers and leveraged the Support Vector Machine (SVM) as a classification algorithm for the case study. User recognition patterns are taken from a combination of blinking, attention concentration, and picture recognition emotion sequences. These actions impact alpha, beta, gamma, and theta brain waves, which are measured using several electrodes. Ten different electrode placement patterns are explored, with varied positioning on the head. For each placement position, four features are examined, for a total of 40 extracts in the learning model. Features are: 1) spectral information, 2) coherence, 3) mutual correlation coefficient, and 4) mutual information. Each feature type is trained by the SVM algorithm, and the 40 weak classifier candidates. Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost), a type of machine learning, is then used to generate a robust classifier, which is subsequently used to create a model, and select features, used to accurately identify individuals for authentication purposes. Upon verifying the proposed method using 32 legitimate users and 18 intruders, we obtained an authentication error rate (ERR) of 0.52%, and a classification rate of 99.06%.

THE EFFECT OF ARRANGEMENT PATTERNS OF DOWNLIGHT ON FEELING VALUE OF CEILING HEIGHT

In this study, we conducted two subject experiments using virtual environment technology to examine the effect of downlight arrangement patterns on the feeling value of ceiling height. The following findings were obtained. 1) When four downlights are placed on a rectangular ceiling surface, the ceiling height is evaluated higher when the downlights are distributed than when they are gathered in the center. 2) When comparing the color temperature of the downlights at 4000K and 3000K, there is no significant difference in the effect of the placement pattern on the feeling value of ceiling height.

Influence of protective forest belts on snow accumulation in agricultural landscapes

In semi-arid climate conditions, where farming is complicated by a lack of atmospheric moisture, the preservation of snow in an agroforest landscape serves as an additional source of moisture for the growth and development of tree and shrub vegetation. The paper investigates the role of forest belts of a combined structure on the characteristics of snow deposition depending on different patterns of shrub placement (along the top edge, along the lower edge, on both sides). The results of the conducted snow surveys show that experimental sites with shrubs along the top edge are characterized by the highest level of snow accumulation both in the forest belt and in the adjacent field. The snow-retaining function in the forest belt zone is weaker in the presence of shrubs on both sides. It has been established that the values of snow density increase with approaching the forest stand. The highest values were recorded in the forest belt with shrubs along the top edge (up to 0.5 g cm-3). The accumulation of snow and its density eventually affected the amount of snow reserves. The highest values of snow reserves were observed in the forest belt with shrubs along the top edge with a row width of up to 1 m. This contributed to the accumulation of 82-203 mm of snow in the forest belt area (at 43 mm of snowfall). Shrub placement along the lower edge provoked a loss of moisture in the forest belt itself, which made this pattern ineffective. The results obtained can be applied in the design of protective forest belts in the areas with insufficient moisture.

Alpha dose modeling in diffusing alpha-emitters radiation therapy. Part II: Lattice studies.

Diffusing alpha-emitters radiation therapy ("DaRT") is a new method, presently in clinical trials, which allows treating solid tumors by alpha particles. DaRT relies on interstitial seeds carrying μCi-level 224 Ra activity on their surface, which release a chain of short-lived alpha emitters that spread throughout the tumor volume primarily by diffusion. Alpha dose calculations in DaRT are based on describing the transport of alpha emitting atoms, requiring new modelingtechniques. A previous study introduced a simplified framework, the "diffusion-leakage (DL) model," for DaRT alpha dose calculations, and employed it to a point source, as a basic building block of arbitrary configurations of line sources. The aim of this work, which is divided into two parts, is to extend the model to realistic seed geometries (in Part I), and to employ single-seed calculations to study the properties of DaRT seed lattices (Part II). Such calculations can serve as a pragmatic guide for treatment planning in future clinicaltrials. We employ the superposition of single-seed solutions, developed in Part I, to study the alpha dose in DaRT seed lattices and investigate the sensitivity of the required seed activity and spacing to changes in the DL model parameters and to seed placementerrors. We show that the rapid fall-off of the dose, which guarantees sparing healthy tissue already 2-3 mm away from the tumor, strongly favors a hexagonal, rather than square, seed placement pattern. Realistic variations in the seed manufacturing parameters (224 Ra activity and emission rate of its daughters) are shown to have a negligible effect on the required lattice spacing. On the other hand, tumor parameters (i.e., diffusion lengths and 212 Pb leakage probability), as well as seed placement errors, have a significanteffect. In most cases, hexagonal lattice spacing on the scale of ∼3.5-4.5 mm using seeds carrying a few μCi/cm 224 Ra will enable overcoming realistic uncertainties in measured tumor environment parameters, as well as seed placement errors, and result in therapeutically relevant alpha dose levels.

The Racial Origins of Foster Home Care

AbstractBlack family values and behavior have long been at the center of policy solutions to intergenerational poverty. But in the early twentieth century, the Black family took on paradoxical significance as a solution to child poverty and neglect through the foster family. This was part of a broad realignment in child protection that upheld the “Home” as the best place for children—yet the concept came to mean something different for White and Black youth. Using New York City as a case by which to study broad transformations in child protection ideology and local child welfare response, I find that in the 1930s substitute care underwent a dramatic transformation with many White children cared for in their own homes or in therapeutic institutions, while previously excluded Black youth gained disproportionate access through race-matched foster families. Though a seemingly progressive approach, I argue that the prioritization of the foster home over the biological home illuminates how the family was envisioned as a solution to poverty in the context of racial inequality. Child welfare workers imagined that patterns of placement in race-matched foster families could be manipulated to overcome segregation and exclusion from the emerging welfare state. But as more non-White children entered substitute care, the conditions of poverty and distress in segregated communities necessitated a return to congregate care for “hard-to-place” minority youth as Black families seemingly failed to take care of their own. This case is important because it highlights the way in which official foster care systems emerged not as an extension of Black kinship care strategies, but as an experimental solution to dependency and neglect that mobilized the Black family to resolve the many consequences of state abandonment.

The History of Shipbuilding of the Baltic Fleet during the Peter the Great era in Russian Historiography: Geography and Activities of Admiralty and Shipyards

The subject of the study is the results of the study by domestic researchers of the history of the formation and development of the objects of the shipbuilding base of the Baltic Fleet during the Peter the Great era. The aim of the work is to analyze the works of Russian scientists-historians of the pre-revolutionary, Soviet and post-Soviet periods on this problem and to form on this basis a holistic view of the formation and development at the initial stage of one of the most important branches of the domestic military industry. In the course of the study, the main attention will be paid to the consistent consideration of the history of the origin, the specifics of the organization and maintenance of activities, as well as the results of the activities of all shipyards that worked in the interests of the Baltic Fleet during the designated period. The research methodology is based on a combination of general philosophical, general scientific historical and special historical methods, such as analysis and synthesis, modeling, problem-chronological and perspective analysis method. The novelty of the conducted research lies in the fact that such an approach to the study of the initial stage of the history of the shipbuilding industry in the interests of the Baltic Fleet has not been applied in Russian historiography. According to the results of the study, a generalized picture of all shipbuilding enterprises established in the Peter the Great era in the north-western region of Russia and in the territories of the Baltic States and Finland conquered during the Northern War is presented. The results of the study allowed us to assess the nature of the formation of the industry as mainly spontaneous, although not devoid of a certain logic in the specific historical conditions of the Northern War. Certain patterns of placement of certain objects of shipbuilding infrastructure, the influence of geographical, hydrographic, production-logical and other features on their specialization are shown. A problematic issue requiring further study is formulated.

АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ФАКТОРЫ РАЗМЕЩЕНИЯ ВЫСОКОТЕХНОЛОГИЧНЫХ ПРОИЗВОДСТВ В РОССИИ

The article presents an analysis of location factors for high-tech industries in Russia based on the study of its actual spatial structure. The aim of the work is to find the most relevant location factors for the Russian high-tech complex. Among the tasks of the article: literature review and the formation of a list of location factors relevant for high-tech; mapping of high-tech industries in Russia based on microdata; identification of spatial patterns of placement of high-tech industries. The research is based on the methods of bibliographic, regional, statistical and spatial analysis, the study uses the case-study method. The list of location factors analyzed in modern works on the topic of location selection is considered and their relevance to high-tech industries is determined. Work also describes a number of changes in location choices of enterprises in modern Russia in relation to the Soviet ones – among other things, this is a decrease in the importance of the strategic factor and an increase in the influence of socioeconomic conditions, a change in the spatial organization of industry. On the basis of microdata reportings of high-tech industries, a map of their location at the local level was prepared and a description of the key areas of their location was carried out. For each area, an analysis of typical cases of the specifics of business location at the level of individual municipalities has been prepared. Based on the analysis, conclusions have been drawn about the dominant factors determining the placement of production facilities. The most significant factor of placement is the influence of agglomerations and related socio-environmental factors, scientific, technological and transport infrastructure, socio-economic development of territories. There is a strong influence of the “relic” production sites inherited from the USSR – they become the basis for new productions, form a chain of suppliers around themselves, creating informal clusters. Preferential zones – SEZs, technological and industrial parks, have become important points of growth for new high-tech business. Outside of the main areas of high-tech placement, the main location factor is the demand from local industries, especially from the oil and gas and mining sectors.

Закономерности размещения цифрового предпринимательства в регионах России

Introduction: the implementation of the “Digital Economy” national program has an impact on business sector development both in Russia and in the regional aspect. The structural elements of regional entrepreneurial ecosystems are designed to promote the development of digital entrepreneurship. It has been hypothesized that the ecosystem substitutes influence on the increment of regional economic performance due to the digital sector differs in industrial and non-industrial types of regions. Objectives: to determine the growth points placement patterns for digital entrepreneurship in the regions as a whole, as well as by types (industrial and others), depending on the impact of factors in the regional environment. Methods: statistical groupings, comparison and matching, correlation and regression analysis, econometric modeling. Results: the data on 85 subjects of the Russian Federation for 2018–2021 have been examined, revealing a strong and noticeable correlation between the number of organizations in the information and communication technology (ICT) sector and the indicators of digital infrastructure, as well as strong correlation between financial security and the number of regional projects in the field of end-to–end technologies. Regression models have been built demonstrating the growth of the share and growth rates of production volumes in ICT sector and e-commerce companies in various types of regions. Conclusions: the above hypothesis has been confirmed stating that the region’s specialization has a significant impact on the features and pace of digital entrepreneurship development. Industrial regions do not demonstrate outpacing growth of digital businesses due to a significant time lag until the moment the production volumes increase resulting from the introduction and use of digital technologies manifests itself. Industrial regions show a high sensitivity to the development of scientific and technological infrastructure and have a more active demand and consumption of digital technologies. In other regions show a faster developing e-commerce and the service sector using digital platforms. Digital economy growth is boosted by the stimulation of IT projects and the state of the scientific and educational environment in these regions.