Place In Universities Research Articles

Innovation ecosystem as factor of providing progressive structural changes in the economy

The article reveals issues of building the innovative ecosystem institutions problem in context of the growing role of research Universities in ensuring innovative structural changes in the economy of Ukraine. International comparisons of the actual state of effectiveness and development potential of Ukraine’s innovation ecosystem have shown that it lags behind almost all indicators of the European Innovation Scoreboard. It is a confirmed necessity to form in Ukraine a state innovation policy based on criteria of the European Innovation Scoreboard with the goal of improving all its indicators, which comprehensively reflect the state of the national innovation ecosystem.It has been focused on the formation of the central link of the innovation ecosystem – the entrepreneurial innovation University as a progressive structural change’s generator in the economy. The justified urgency of increasing the state support for the priority development of research, design and development, and educational institutions that are part of national and regional innovation ecosystems. It is necessary to radically increase the volume and change structure of the state funding of institutions in the field of research and development, as well as innovation activity, reducing the share of the state funding of individual projects and individual grants, which should be financed mainly by business structures.It is shown that the main practical problem in determining the place and role of research Universities and other scientific and educational institutions in the structural innovation transformation of the economy of Ukraine is insufficient attention to formation and implementation of the practical function of basic innovations as the main factor of economic growth. It is suggested under formation of the Ukrainian state innovation policy, a separate priority area related to the creation of higher education institutions (Universities) of new generation as innovative entrepreneurial Universities should be identified, while it is important to develop Universities and scientific centres that demonstrate the presence of cumulative human capital, despite their temporary state of crisis.
 JEL classіfіcatіon: I23, I25, L52, O38, P52

The System of Sociocultural Adaptation of Foreign Students at Leading Russian Universities (On the Example of Azerbaijani and Chinese Students)

The number of foreign students educating in Russian universities is increasing every year. With the growing number of such students, the issue of their adaptation becomes more re levant, because that adaptation also determines the success of education. The substantial role in this process falls to the share of universities and their educational system, which in the initial stages is aimed at accelerating the adaptation of foreign students to everyday life in Russia, also to provide high-quality and promising education.The article presents the results of a study conducted in order to investigate the features of sociocultural adaptation, the difficulties, which are faced by students during their education period and their expectations, coverage of the place and role of universities, therefore, and scientific and pedagogical staff. To achieve an accurate result, we conducted a survey of international students from the Republic of Azerbaijan and the People’s Republic of China studying at Russian universities. 107 students in total (45% Azerbaijani students and 55% Chinese students) from leading Moscow universities participated in the questionnaire-based survey, the age cohort of respondents ranged from 21 to 35 years. Analysis of the results of the survey made it possible to determine the main types of adaptation of students to identify objective and subjective factors of sociocultural adaptation, to compare the principal features of foreign students from Azerbaijan and China in order to understand the main problems of intercultural communication of students from different ethnic groups. The relevance and uniqueness of the study are based on cross-cultural differences between the studied groups, which made it possible to identify both principal and specific features, and their significant difference from Russian culture.The authors of the article concluded that the acceleration of the process of sociocultural adaptation is possible, first of all, through the study of the Russian language and pre-departure training in their homeland, which includes studying of Russian culture, history, traditions and specifics of intercultural communication. Based on the results of the study, the authors proposed recommendations for the formation of a system of measures aimed to optimize the processes of sociocultural adaptation, including well-organized training and teaching, as well as involvement of foreign students in the social activities of the university.

An Old Mobbing Story and COVID-19

Innovative medical education greatly relies on lifelong learning with universal standards in research, for generating novel knowledge for improvement maximum patient care. The other side of innovative medical education relies on success of development of novel ideas, perspective; skill building, future career objectives. Leaders have curious roles in the research assistant education. In the current century, both technology and education raced forward in many countries. Mobbing and bullying is an important problem in all fields, every sphere of life in workplaces. Unethical behavior must not take place in universities because universities are the centers of learning, and best academic teaching in ethical standards. Bullying may damage every individual in every academic degree and effect academic performance. In this paper I will discuss a mobbing case which is done to a young academician in many years ago, which is not most frequently observed type. However, such bullying behaviors may increase due to COVID-19 pandemic. Because COVID-19 pandemic may cause various problems in social groups difficulties, anxiety, and economic challenges, problems. Nowadays everybody is experiencing worry, uncertainty, anxiety, fear of economic problems, fear of dying. COVID-19 pandemic has created some unexpected problems to everybody however, academic researchers have additional worries and fears such as; the expiration time of chemicals, problems on chemicals are not imported from abroad on time also difficulties of knockout or transgenic experimental animals cannot be imported from abroad on time, and all these problems cause fear of unsuccessful experimental results, spending extra time. All these anxieties may cause arouse increasing unstable friendships and mobbing possibilities. The COVID-19 disease takes our future and experimental plans to waste basket and change everything including friendship.

Construction of talent training mechanism for innovation and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities based on data fusion algorithm

Nowadays, innovation and entrepreneurship courses occupy a very important place in universities and colleges and have also become an important teaching position in the process of building a new science. Colleges and universities actively respond to the challenge of “mass entrepreneurship and innovation” and define the goals and specifications of the talent training mechanism based on data fusion algorithms to cultivate as much high-quality applied talent as possible. In view of some shortcomings and problems in the current talent training mechanism in universities and colleges, this paper proposes a data fusion algorithm based on information fusion theory and proof theory. The aim is to verify the feasibility of establishing a talent training mechanism for innovation and entrepreneurship education in universities and colleges. And this paper analyzes and explores the data fusion algorithm and the elements of innovation and entrepreneurial talent training, and forms an operating mechanism for entrepreneurial talent training according to social needs. Among them, the efficiency of the data fusion algorithm used by the GM(1,1) model plays a significant role in the final result, and the minimum relative error value is 3.2%. Finally, it is concluded that we should focus on establishing a perfect talent training system for college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship education to improve students’ own comprehensive quality and various abilities, and to solve some social problems that are difficult to find employment in essence.

Systems Thinking for Sustainability Education in Building and Business Administration and Management Degrees

In 2015, the United Nations set the 2030 Agenda, which established 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) including different areas—among them, Education—which determine the reality and the future of new generations. The data of SDG24 2021 establish that, by 2030, the reference values will be below those expressed in SDG 4. Education for sustainable development poses a series of competencies to achieve it; the challenge for teachers is to develop strategies, tools and methodologies that enable meaningful learning for the required complexity. Managing and solving sustainability problems requires people with systemic competences who are able to see the whole in the individuality, presenting a breadth of vision for a complex world. It is important that training takes place in universities so that students are equipped with a holistic understanding of systems. The aim of this research is to propose a didactic proposal for students of the double degree in Building and Business Administration and Management to acquire the competences of systems thinking, interdisciplinary work, personal and inter-collaborative relationships and tolerance to ambiguity and uncertainty using project-based learning and systems simulation. To achieve this, a classroom intervention proposal has been designed for the subjects Strategic Management and Sustainable Building in the fourth year of the double degree using the project-based learning and systems thinking. This practical proposal allows participants to develop a holistic view of the problems, enhancing the capacity for systemic and sustainable resolution in the design of more sustainable building systems, as well as promoting training in strategic decision making in environmental management in the medium and long term.

Reasons and Outcomes of Student Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Among University Students in Zambia: A Case Study of One Private University

Student Alcohol and other Drug Abuse is common place in colleges and universities. Without a greater level of understanding of the problem from every standpoint, nations risky losing brilliant young people to physical and mental health challenges. The objective of this study was to examine the reasons and the consequences of alcohol and other drugs abuse among students in Zambia taking one private university as a case study. A total of 30 participants whose age ranged between 21 and 27years were sampled through snowball sampling. Qualitative data was collected between March and June, 2022. The study found that some students entered the university already hooked on drugs and alcohol while others got influenced while on campus. Trigger factors for substance abuse on campus included satisfying cravings arising from addiction; desire to integrate with a social group, to read intensively for higher grades, to navigate stress and problems and for fun. Despite the ecstasy derived from the abuse of alcohol and drugs, the study found that the ultimate agony was a catalogue of behavioural and medical related problems- poor grades due to casual attitude characterized by missing classes which ultimately increased their chances to dropout or stay longer in school, risk of being bashed by cars on the road due to poor judgement when intoxicated including being a social nuisance to other students. Medical effects included mental health problems, malnutrition, stomach ulcers and liver problems. Preventive Health Education, counseling, treatment and intensified rehabilitation are critical to combating the problem of substance abuse among young people.

On the increasing role of the digital 3D model in project activity and geometric-graphical education

Currently, model of the design and engineering activity is undergoing significant changes in the direction of digital support. This shift is caused by scientific, technical, and technological challenges that arose due to the Fourth Industrial Revolution (or Industry 4.0) and the digital economy. It is necessary to radically reform the traditional approaches to training in national engineering education. This objective can be achieved by employing methods that meet modern technological requirements among which 3D modelling ranks high. Geometric-graphical training is the first academic discipline in the professional orientation of students of technical specialities. To comply with the modern requirements for convergence of educational and professional activity structures, the paradigm of innovative graphical education should be based on an electronic 3D model.The article presents data on the digitalization of educational activity taking place in several Russian universities and on the influence of three-dimensional modeling technologies on the formation of special “engineering” thinking in students. The study highlights the specific features that distinguish the thinking of a design engineer who only works with technical drawings from the thinking of a design engineer using 3D modeling.The authors emphasize the necessity to digitize geometric-graphical education as it ensures the adaptation of the subject competencies acquired by students to future professional activity as early as at the initial stage on engineering training. Additionally, the article considers the functions of digital 3D model in the educational environment and demonstrates a correlation between the phased introduction of 3D technologies and the increase in the efficiency of the of the student learning process. Students master digital modeling on the basis of the project approach when solving engineering design tasks of growing complexity. The article provides examples of individual project tasks fulfilled while studying the modules of the discipline as well as educational specialized projects completed at the final stage of training.It is concluded that the practice-oriented 3D modeling facilitates the development of special skills and habits. They differ from traditional ones and form the basis of creative engineering thinking. The results of the study confirm the hypothesis that the 3D modeling method has the potential to develop the cognitive activity of the “engineer of the future”.

The Lasting Effects of the Pandemic on Graduate and Professional Education

The coronavirus pandemic caused a shift in the American higher education system. Many institutions switched from in-person to virtual platforms. Since graduate and professional students are more likely than undergraduate students to enroll in a hybrid or online program, they were less affected by the transition to online education. However, the decrease in undergraduate enrollment during the pandemic further squeezed institutional finances showing a decline in international graduate enrollment in the United States. As universities place additional scrutiny on program finances, departments will face pressure to reduce the number of assistantships that are not supported by external grants and contracts, which will disproportionately affect international enrollment. Additionally, the large graduate and professional student loan debt and benefits they receive from repayment plans are issues. Congress and the U.S. Department of Education may pursue efforts to limit the benefits that graduate and professional students receive from the federal student loan program.

Visible organisational boundaries and the invisible boundaries of the scholarly profession

ABSTRACT The role of universities in knowledge production has changed. Although most higher learning still takes place in universities, knowledge is increasingly produced in collaborative networks comprising partners from different sectors (Välimaa, Papatsiba, and Hoffman, 2016. “Higher Education in Networked Knowledge Societies.” In Re-becoming Universities, The Changing Academy – The Changing Academic Profession in International Comparative Perspective. Vol. 15, edited by D. M. Hoffman and J. Välimaa, 13–39. Dordrecht: Springer). In addition, the focus of universities’ personnel policies has shifted from supporting professional inclusion and exclusion towards supporting the national development of talent and human capital. New kinds of networks and collaborative arrangements have emerged to facilitate the mobility of academics between universities and other sectors. This paper draws upon survey data collected in 2017 from PhD graduates working in universities and the private and public sector in Finland, in order to explore their perceptions related to the relevance of their work, and their commitment to the organisation and the scientific community. We found some differences between the private sector, and the public sector and universities, and between disciplines. Between public sector and universities only small differences occurred. The results indicate that the research work between sectors is rather similar according to the indicators that were used, in some cases the differences might be more significant between disciplines.

Logros y perspectivas de la investigación 2012-2021: Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biomédicas de la Universidad Ricardo Palma

Write about achievements and and outlook of research in the last ten years from the Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biomédicas (INICIB) of Universidad Ricardo Palma, it is relevant because research currently occupies a central place in universities, at least rethorically. We present an overview of the evolution of scientific publication, which constitute a real and objective indicator to visualize the trends and projections of research at the Faculty of Human Medicine and at Universidad Ricardo Palma. For this, we will take as reference the records of international bases of recognized prestige as SCOPUS and WEB OF SCIENCE.

Should we pay research participants? Feminist political economy for ethical practices in precarious times

AbstractQuestions of paying research participants have taken on a new urgency as contemporary geographies of precarity, inequality and austerity affect both potential participants and, to varying extents, early‐career researchers, while universities place greater emphasis on public engagement and research impact. Here, we offer reflections and recommendations that come from our experiences as PhD students in London, as precarious researchers researching precarious lives. We make a case for paying participants based on ethics of care and readings of precarity informed by feminist political economy. We discuss how and how much to pay. We recommend changes to institutional norms that have treated payments with suspicion, to research design and funding, and to ethical approval procedures and publishing practices.

Uluslararası Üniversite Derecelendirme Kuruluşlarında Türk Üniversitelerinin Yeri: Times Yükseköğretim (THE) Örneği

Bu çalışmada, üniversite derecelendirme kuruluşları arasında yer alan Times Yükseköğretim Kuruluşunun (THE) 2010-2020 yılları arasındaki verileri dikkate alınarak Türk üniversitelerinin durumunu ortaya konması ve konu ile ilgili paydaşlara faydalı bilgiler sunarak mevcut durumun betimsel bir haritası hazırlaması amaçlanmıştır. Nitel araştırma desenlerinden sistematik inceleme deseni kullanılarak yürütülen çalışmanın veri kaynakları THE Yükseköğretim Kuruluşunun 2010-2020 yılları arasında yayımlamış olduğu 11 rapordan oluşmaktadır. Araştırma verileri doküman analizi yöntemi ile toplanmış ve içerik analiz yöntemi ile çözümlenmiştir. Verilerin analizi sonucunda Türk üniversitelerinin ilgili sıralamalardaki sayısının yıllar içinde sürekli bir artış gösterdiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ancak son yıllarda sıralamada yer alan üniversitelerin büyük bir bölümünün sıralamanın son basamağında yer aldığı bulunmuştur. Analiz sonuçları ayrıca gerek Türk üniversitelerinin on yıllık süreçteki genel ortalamalarının gerekse vakıf ve devlet üniversitelerinin ayrı ayrı ortalamalarının öğretim, araştırma ve uluslararası görünüm kategorilerinde dünya ortalamalarının altında bir grafik çizdiğini göstermiştir. Atıf kategorisinde, devlet üniversitelerinin ortalamaları genel anlamda dünya ortalamalarının altında kalırken vakıf üniversitelerinin ortalamaları son üç yıl dışında dünya ortalamalarının üstünde olmuştur. Endüstriyel gelir kategorisinde ise devlet üniversiteleri ilk iki yıllık sürecin ardından dünya ortalamalarının üstüne çıkmıştır. Bu durum sürecinin bütününde süreklilik kazanmıştır. Bu kategoride benzer durum vakıf üniversiteleri için de ortaya çıkmış, 2010-2014 yılları arasında dünya ortalamasının altında kalan vakıf üniversitelerinin ortalamaları 2015 yılı itibariyle ortalamanın üstüne çıkmış ve geri kalan yıllarda da bu başarı devam etmiştir.

Indigenous students’ experiences regarding the utility of university resources during medical training

The Association of Faculties of Medicine of Canada recognizes that the representation of Indigenous people in medicine has historically been low. As a response to address the latter, several support structures have been put in place in universities for Indigenous students in medical programs. In this phenomenological study, we conducted open-ended, semi-structured interviews with four Indigenous female students in medicine regarding their experiences interacting with university resources. Peer mentorships, opportunities for clinical experiences in proximity to Indigenous communities, and an appointed Indigenous contact person were the resources that contributed most to supporting participants during medical training. Although a generalized positive attitude was held toward all available university resources, Indigenous students also expressed concern regarding the utility of certain resources, mainly due to their accessibility and restrictions imposed at the institutional level. Implications are discussed regarding Indigenous students’ sense of belonging in non-Indigenous universities.

Exploiting multimedia technologies in education, research, and university-community projects

The pandemic has led to the acceleration of the digital transformation of all university activity. Some users/university staff were better prepared for this, but others need support and training in the development of digital skills. Increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of digitized activities (administrative, educational, research, university marketing, communication, and community involvement, with business or industrial partners) require increasing concerns for the university's human resources to have the necessary knowledge of operation. Moreover, our students are from generation Z, Millennials and can be stimulated in learning, interaction, and communication with the help of digital means, multimedia technologies and social media. We are witnessing a radical change in the way communication takes place in universities and within its extended community, with its various stakeholders. In this dynamic context we have built and present the way to extend the digital/multimedia competencies of university staff (administrative, teaching, research staff, etc.) with the support of an international community associated with the Erasmus+ project: “Multimedia Competencies for University Staff to Empower University - Community Collaborations” (2020-1-RO01- KA203-080399).

Contemporary Managerial Competences. Empirical Studies in the Field of Education

The aim of the article is to identify and introduce divisions/typologies of contemporary managerial competences. The main research problem is to understand the processes taking place in business universities and their impact on shaping the next generations of managers. The article is based on the results of qualitative research inspired by the ethnography of the organization. 5-year research in the area of managerial education was conducted. The article presents competences important for various groups of the managerial education process. Specific breakdowns of these competences have been proposed. Reflections on the shaping of these competences in future managers as well as methods and ways of education are presented. The basis of empirical inquiry is qualitative material that cannot be generalized to the entire population. It is also inadvisable to draw sharp distinctions between the proposed concepts and typologies, as they are inherently fluid and ambiguous. The research was conducted over a period of 5 years, which is a unique advantage in the era of digitization and the ubiquitous domination of capitalist values. The research group is extremely broad and includes all participants / actors in the management education process.

Author's Response

Author's Response

187 Forage Agronomists Are Needed in Animal Science Departments

Abstract Ruminants serve a valuable role in sustainable agricultural systems, specifically in the conversion of renewable resources from grasslands, pasture, and other by-products into edible human food. Recognizing forage and grasses are grown on 25% of arable land, suitable agronomic practices for grazing livestock are necessary to minimize water and soil erosion. Demographics of Animal Science students have changed over the last several years with more students from urban backgrounds and with interests other than traditional animal agriculture. This makes continued emphasis on education programs supporting the grazing livestock industry that much more important. However, for many reasons, universities place less emphasis on training Ph.D. students in forage agronomy. Based on an email survey of 10 land grant institutions, typically one M.S. student/yr and one Ph.D. student/3–4 yr graduates with an advanced degree in forage agronomy. Most departments have experienced dramatic budget reductions. Challenges with funding faculty positions outside of a department’s emphasis area typically results in the question “Should forage agronomy students be trained in Departments of Animal Science or Crop/Soils Science?” It could be argued that either department is the best fit. Forage agronomy requires training in the basics of plant and soil science, but the application of those sciences relate more to animal science and animal production than to traditional crop production such as cereal grains. Departments of Animal Science must communicate the meaningful context of forage agronomy in an active learning environment developing students’ ability to critically think and solve problems. Those providing technical expertise to livestock producers can no longer make recommendations based solely on production efficiency and profitability. Instead, best management practices must include the impact of grazing livestock on the environment. Cooperative agreements between departments should be discussed to adequately support student development in this critical subject matter.

A conceptual approach to the role of universities in the entrepreneurial ecosystem

The article aims to identify the role that universities have in the entrepreneurial ecosystem, respectively in stimulating the emergence of start-ups. The ways in which start-ups contribute to economic development are presented, as well as the factors that influence the number and viability of start-ups launched in a certain region. As a result of the discussions, the importance of the quality of entrepreneurial ecosystems is emphasized in order to stimulate the emergence of start-ups, but also the place of universities in the ecosystem. The ways in which universities could create viable entrepreneurial ecosystems around it are highlighted.

ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ НАУКОВОЇ Й ІННОВАЦІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ УНІВЕРСИТЕТІВ УКРАЇНИ У КОНТЕКСТІ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ФІНАНСОВОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ ТА АКАДЕМІЧНОЇ РЕПУТАЦІЇ

The main features of the modern educational and scientific space are the rapid realization of knowledge, the ability to effectively operate scientific results, the development of new technologies and their spread in the world, the competition for intellectual and financial resources. Under such conditions, the ability of universities not only to disseminate but also to create new knowledge through research, to ensure their social and economic efficiency, are the main criteria of global competitiveness. Transforming the domestic science, education and production, defining strategic guidelines for innovative development, ensuring economic growth and the most effective distribution of available resources, especially through the improvement of the universities efficiency in the context of their intellectual, financial potential and academic reputation realization are important tasks of the state on the way to building a competitive national economy. The purpose of the article is to identify and evaluate the relationship between the results of research activities at Ukrainian universities, their financial potential and academic reputation. In accordance with the objectives, the article describes the existing sources and organization of academic research financing at Ukrainian state higher education institutions (HEIs), the scientific and innovative activity efficiency indicators are systematized, the comparative analysis of results of research work of universities of Ukraine taking into account sources and volumes of their financing is carried out and the interrelation between these indicators of scientific and innovative activity is estimated. The object of the study are the classical universities of Ukraine, which occupy leading positions in the national rankings of HEIs, in particular the ranking of universities according to Scopus. Analyzing with the help of information posted on the websites of the HEIs, the sample indicators of scientific and innovative activities of universities, their staffing and financial support, it was found that not always the scale of HEIs in its quantitative dimension affects efficiency. The analysis showed that there is no direct relationship between the financial potential of universities and the achievement of the highest scientific results. Thus, the amount of funding for scientific activities has a significant impact on the level of achievement of HEIs and its employees, but is not always used effectively. Important in the market environment is effective financial management, diversification of funding sources, targeted use of financial resources provided for research and innovation of universities, which in globalization allows to ensure a high level of research, an important place of Ukrainian universities in world science and international rankings, their competitiveness, among others, as well as the innovative development of the country as a whole.

Kemandirian Belajar Mahasiswa Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19

The Covid-19 pandemic that has been going on since the end of 2019 brings its own paradigm to the learning system that takes place in schools and universities. The purpose of this study was to determine the learning independence students of Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research is a descriptive study that will provide an overview of student learning independence during online lectures in the odd semester of the 2020/2021 academic year. The population in this study were all students of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara. Existing samples were selected randomly with a total sample of 60 students. Qualitatively, student learning independence is still in the low category, both in terms of managing study time (26.67%), the ability to complete routine tasks (18.33%), thinking skills (16.67%), the ability to take initiative (28 ,33%), as well as his confidence in learning (26.67%). Therefore, online learning that is implemented needs to be improved to increase student learning independence.