Piura Region Research Articles

Caries dental y determinantes sociales de salud en niños de establecimientos educativos de los distritos de Canchaque y San Miguel de El Faique, provincia de Huancabamba, región de Piura, Perú, 2019

Introduction: the objective was to determine the association between Dental Caries (DC) and the Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) in children from educational establishments in the Canchaque and San Miguel de El Faique districts, Huancabamba province, Piura region, Peru, 2019. Methods: cross-sectional study. Non-probability sample, selecting 124 individuals from 11-12 years of sixth grade of primary and first grade of secondary from schools in the districts of Canchaque and San Miguel de El Faique, Huancabamba province, Piura-Peru, year 2019. The SDOH were made up of: gender, economic income, education level, housing condition, employment, environmental sanitation and access to health services. DC experience was measured using the DMFT Index. A bivariate analysis was performed using statistical tests Chi-Square, Mann Whitney U test y Kruskal Wallis. Results: it was found association between to the prevalence of DC and housing condition (p<0.05), the DMFT index with gender, education level, hygienic service and health insurance (p<0.05), and dmft index there was no association with the variables (p >0.05). Conclusions: the dental caries was associated with SDOH of housing condition, gender, education level, environmental sanitation and health insurance.

Management of environmental management for the sustainable development of public and private companies in the Piura region, Peru

Objetivo. Demostrar cómo la gestión de la gerencia ambiental sistémico contribuye al incremento del desarrollo sostenible en pequeñas y medianas empresas del sector público y privado en región Piura. Materiales y método. Este trabajo se realizó bajo el paradigma hipotético deductivo, de tipo sustantiva básica y de diseño correlacional transversal. La muestra estuvo constituida por 159 entre gerentes y administradores de las entidades mencionadas. Se aplicó la técnica de encuestas a través de cuestionarios que comprendía las dimensiones de 1) dominio personal, 2) modelos mentales, 3) aprendizaje continuo y visión compartida, 4) pensamiento sistémico. En cuanto a metodología se empleó la prueba de análisis de Chi-Cuadrado con el fin de establecer los niveles de asociación a partir del análisis de tablas de contingencias dicotómicas. Resultados. Se determinó que existe para las dimensiones: dominio personal, modelos mentales, aprendizaje continuo y visión compartida y pensamiento sistémico una chi-cuadrada de 31.196, 40.789,51.078 y 38.330, las cuales resultaron ser mayores que la chi-cuadrado tabular o crítica, por lo tanto, existe un alto grado de relación significativa entre las dimensiones con la gestión del gerente ambiental sistémico. Conclusión. Existe un alto grado de correlación entre la gestión de la gerencia ambiental sistémica con el incremento del desarrollo sostenible.

Gestión de la gerencia ambiental para el desarrollo sostenible de empresas públicas y privadas en la región de Piura, Perú

Goal. Demonstrate how the management of systemic environmental management contributes to the growth of sustainable development in small and medium-sized companies in the public and private sectors in the Piura region. Material and method. This work was carried out under the deductive hypothetical paradigm, of a basic substantive type and of transversal correlational design. The study was made up of 159 managers and administrators of the entities mentioned. The survey technique was applied through questionnaires that comprised the dimensions of 1) personal domain, 2) mental models, 3) continuous learning and shared vision, 4) systemic thinking. While the methodology was used, the Chi-Square analysis problem was established to establish the association levels based on the analysis of dichotomous contingency tables. Results. It was determined that it exists for the dimensions: personal domain, mental models, continuous learning and shared vision and systemic thinking of a chi-cuadrada of 31,196, 40,789,51,078 and 38,330, as they turned out to be larger than the chi-cuadrado tabulate the criticism, for so much so, there is a high degree of significant relationship between the dimensions with the management of the systemic environmental manager. Conclusion. There is a high degree of correlation between the management of systemic environmental management and the increase in sustainable development.

Effectiveness in managing accounting honesty in a public entity in the north region of Piura

The development of the study had as general objective; establish mechanisms to make accounting accounting effective in a public entity in the North Region - Piura 2020, using a descriptive, non-experimental methodology, its population being 25 collaborators, thus being a non-random sample, among the data collection techniques the They surveyed the purpose of analyzing the problem. Being its main conclusions that sometimes with 72% the technical committee is formed and with regard to policies they consider having knowledge of it sometimes with 48% which reflects that compliance with the accounting sincere is carried out incorrectly, and therefore, each of the guidelines established for its initiation must be taken into account.

Relación de firmas espectrales para la identificación de bosque seco en imágenes de satélite Sentinel 2, cuenca baja del río Chira, Región Piura

<p class="p1">El Niño phenomenon, droughts and the warm climate directly influence the good ecological state of the forests in the Piura Region. The objective is to relate the spectral signatures evaluated in the Sentinel-2 satellite images with the spectral signatures measured with the FieldSpec4 spectroradiometer, for the identification of dry forest in the lower basin of the Chira River, Piura región. The Sentinel-2 images corresponding to the 17MNR, 17MPR, 17MMQ, 17MNQ and 17MPQ tiles are pre-processed, mosaicked, resampled and cut with the SNAP software. Stacking of bands 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11 and 12 generates a raster whose pixel reflectance values are related to their wavelengths. The classification of dry forest areas is done with the spectral signature measured with the FieldSpec4 spectroradiometer. The validation of the results is carried out by applying the non-parametric ANOVA and Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon tests at four sampling points. The surface area of dry forest in the lower basin of the Chira River is 129 113.06 ha, which represents 3.8% of the total area of dry forest in northern Peru.</p>

Lista taxonómica actualizada de los insectos asociados a <em>Prosopis pallida</em> (Humb. & Bonpl. ex. Wild.) Kunth (Fabaceae) de la región Piura, Perú

Prosopis pallida es un componente importante para las comunidades de insectos, proporcionando alimento como tejidos vegetales, savia, néctar y/o polen y sirviendo además como lugar de refugio y reproducción. Se presenta una lista taxonómica actualizada y comentada de los insectos asociados a Prosopis pallida (Humb. & Bonpl. ex. Wild.) Kunth de la región Piura al noroeste de Perú, con base en recolectas y revisión de material depo­sitado en colecciones entomológicas. Se adicionan 59 especies y se completa la identificación de 40 géneros y siete morfoespecies citadas anteriormente, quedando la lista final conformada por 189 especies, 175 géneros, 84 familias y 12 órdenes. Los órdenes Coleoptera con 69 especies, Hymenoptera con 36 especies y las familias Coccinellidae y Formicidae con 11 y 10 especies respectivamente son las más diversas, además se confirma a Enallodiplosis discordis Gagné, 1994 atacando árboles de Prosopis pallida en territorio peruano. Del total de especies registradas, 68 son fitófagos, 16 son succionadores de savia, 49 son depredadores, 17 son parasitoi­des y 18 son polinizadores. Para todas las especies registradas se incluyen datos de colecta y distribución por provincia y paisaje ecológico.

The 5S, innovative tool to improve productivity

In the investigation, the 5S tool was applied to check if it was possible to improve productivity in the warehouse area in a banana company in the Piura Region. With a quantitative approach, a participatory experimental design is developed using the observational method, according to its longitudinal temporality. Using a population consisting of 206 collaborators and a sample of 135 collaborators, simple random probability sampling was applied, which allowed these individuals to be chosen at random. The techniques used were survey, observation and documentary analysis with the instruments questionnaire, observation sheet and document analysis guide respectively. On the other hand, it was obtained as a general result that after applying the 5S, large changes were observed according to the summation of the five dimensions; in the pre-test it yielded a total of 1.96, while in the post-test it was 4.19, which meant that there was an increase of 2.23.

A new species of <em>Fredlanea</em> Martins and Galileo, 1996 from Peruvian Andes (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Hemilophini)

A new species of genus Fredlanea Martins and Galileo, 1996 is described from Peru: Fredlanea wilderi sp. nov., based on a specimen collected from the Cuyas cloud forest in Piura region, important mountain rainforest of Peruvian Andes. The new taxon is closely related to Fredlanea guaranitica (Lane, 1966) but can be distinguished by presence of yellowish pubescence on proepisterna, mesepimera and metepisterna, and absence of longitudinal strip of yellow pubescence on epipleural margins. A key to Peruvian species of Fredlanea Martins and Galileo, 1996 is provided.

High prevalence of congenital generalized lipodystrophy in Piura, Peru.

Congenital generalized lipodystrophy (CGL) is an autosomal recessive rare disease, with a worldwide prevalence of around 1 in every 12 million people. There are several case reports of patients with CGL in Piura, a region in northern Peru; however its regional prevalence is unknown. The objective was to determine the prevalence of CGL in the region of Piura, Peru during the years 2000-2017. A descriptive, observational study was carried out. A search of clinical histories of patients with the diagnosis of CGL attended between 2000 and 2017 in the pediatric and endocrinology services of the reference hospitals of the department of Piura and in the genetic and endocrinology services of the "Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño". A patient was considered to have CGL if they met the clinical criteria and or if they had a molecular diagnosis, in addition to patients with CGL from the department of Piura reported in previous publications. A total of 23 cases of CGL were found in Piura, the highest prevalence was in 2014 with 1.2 per 100,000 people, and by 2017 the prevalence was 0.86 per 100,000 people. In conclusion, the department of Piura has a high prevalence of CGL.

Listado preliminar de Mantodea, Blattodea y Orthoptera (Insecta) de la región de Piura, Perú

Se ha elaborado un listado preliminar de mántidos, blatodeos y ortópteros de la región de Piura en Perú a partir de colectas de especímenes y registros en la bibliografía. En total se han reportado 32 especies de 15 familias, de las cuales cuatro especies pertenecen a Mantodea, cinco especies a Blattodea y 23 especies a Orthoptera. Se registra por primera vez para Perú a Chromacris psittacus psittacus (Gerstaecker, 1873). Se presentan los primeros registros de localidades precisas para el país de Thrasyderes leprosus Bolívar, 1881, mientras que Liturgusa maya Saussure & Zehntner, 1894 es nuevo registro para la región Piura. En el caso de Musonia margharethae (Battiston & Picciau, 2008), Pseudovates peruviana (Rehn, 1911) y Jivarus pictifrons Ronderos, 1979 amplían sus localizaciones dentro de la región. El 75 % de las especies reportadas se debieron a colectas y el 25 % a registros en la bibliografía. Todas las especies registradas se presentan a modo de listado faunístico comentado, incluyendo para cada una datos de colecta así como su distribución por provincia y paisaje ecológico.

Classification Model of Municipal Management in Local Governments of Peru based on K-means Clustering Algorithms

The K-means algorithm groups datasets into different groups, defines a fixed number of clusters, iteratively assigning data to the clusters formed by adjusting the centers in each cluster. K-means algorithm uses an unsupervised learning method to discover patterns in an input data set. The purpose of the research is to propose a municipal management classification model in the municipalities of Peru using a K-means clustering algorithm based in 58 variables obtained from the areas of human resources, heavy machinery and operating vehicles, information and communication technologies, municipal planning, municipal finances, local economic development, social services, solid waste management, cultural, recreational and sports facilities, public security, disaster risk management, environmental protection and conservation of all the municipalities of the 24 departments of Peru and the constitutional province of Callao. The results of the application of the K-means algorithm show that 32% of the municipalities made up of the municipal governments of Amazonas, Apurímac, Huancavelica, Huánuco, Ica, Lambayeque, Loreto and San Martin; are in Cluster 1; the 8% in Cluster 2 with the municipal governments of Ancash and Cusco; in the third Cluster the 28% with the municipal governments of the constitutional Province of Callao, Madre de Dios, Moquegua, Pasco, Tacna, Tumbes and Ucayali and in Cluster 4, 32% composed of the municipal governments of Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Junín, La Libertad, Lima, Piura and Puno Region.

Actualización a la lista de coleópteros (Insecta: Coleoptera) de la región Piura, Perú

Con base en colectas, registros en la bibliografía y revisión de material depositado en colecciones entomoló-gicas se realiza una actualización a la lista de coleópteros de la región Piura en Perú, añadiendo nuevas especies y nuevos datos distribucionales. Se adicionan 72 especies, 52 géneros y 5 familias, con lo cual la cantidad de coleópteros para la región se eleva a 317 especies, 255 géneros y 38 familias, mientras que para 13 especies ya conocidas se reportan nuevos datos provinciales ampliando su distribución dentro de la región. Ahasverus advena (Waltl, 1834), Alaetrinus pullus (Sahlberg, 1823), Taeniotes marmoratus Thomson, 1865 y el género Coscinoptera Lacordaire, 1848 se citan por primera vez para Perú, mientras que Pagiocerus frontalis (Fabricius, 1801), Scymnobius ecuadoricus Gordon & González, 2005 y Rodolia cardinalis (Mulsant, 1850) son nuevas citas para la región Piura. Las especies consideradas en esta actualización se presentan a modo de listado fau-nístico comentado y se incluye lista actualizada de todos los coleópteros conocidos hasta el momento para la región con distribución por provincia y paisaje ecológico.

Peruanidad and blackness in national and local perspectives: popular literature and racial science

ABSTRACTThis article examines the constructions of ethno-racial identities in the debates and projects of Peruvian nation building during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The conflicting writings of Lima’s elite authors Ricardo and Clemente Palma contrast with literature from the northern region of Piura, exposing differing regional and local conceptions of peruanidad as well as distinct interpretations of colonial history in the shaping of a national identity. Whereas Ricardo Palma’s tradiciones promoted a somewhat inclusive vision of Peruvian national identity, his son Clemente’s bachelor’s thesis reveals a social structure defined by an emerging vocabulary that established ethnic and racial boundaries. These perspectives, however, were further challenged by Piuran poet and novelist Enrique López Albújar, whose work Matalaché asserted the significance of Afro-Peruvians in the nation’s history and identity. Discursive shifts evident in Clemente Palma’s writings bear similarities to Peru’s leading eugenicist of the 1930s, Roberto MacLean Estrenós, demonstrating the interplay between popular culture and the pseudoscience of race. The analysis shows similarities in discourses of race and nation across the Americas while highlighting diverse perspectives that were ultimately constrained by a dominant discourse of mestizaje.

Molecular detection of Rickettsia spp. in ticks collected from dogs from the Department of Piura, Peru

The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of ticks positive for genus Rickettsia bacteria among ticks collected from domestic dogs in the Department of Piura, Peru, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. Ticks were collected from dogs in urban areas of the metropolitan region of Piura, Peru. Only three species of ticks were identified; 977 Rhipicephalus sanguineus (180 nymphs, 417 females, and 380 males), Six Amblyomma triste females, and one Amblyomma tigrinum male. After classifying the specimens morphologically by stage, species, and sex, their total DNA was tested by PCR using primers that amplify fragments of the gltA, ompA, ompB, and htrA genes. The resulting positive sample was sequenced, compared to the GenBank database, and analyzed phylogenetically. The Rickettsia spp. infection rate in the tick pools was 0.2% (1/484); the positive specimen was an R. sanguineus tick. GenBank analysis of the positive sequence revealed 100% identify with Rickettsia felis; however, no products of the htrA, ompA and ompB genes were amplified from this sample. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of R. felis in R. sanguineus in Peru.

Atención a las personas con discapacidad en la región de Piura.

El artículo recoge el camino recorrido por un proyecto de cooperación sobre las personas con discapacidad en la región de Piura. Se presenta haciendo referencia a dos movimientos físicos, el de rotación y el de traslación, como figuras de referencia que nos sirven para enmarcar todas aquellas acciones que se llevaron a cabo, antes, durante y después de la estancia. La principal razón para emprender el proyecto era la motivación existente que brinda la propia concepción del trabajo social como disciplina comprometida con la realidad de aquellas personas menos favorecidas socialmente. El proyecto aquí expuesto responde a la inquietud de visibilizar a un colectivo oculto en la realidad estudiada, las personas con discapacidad, con el anhelo de que acciones como estas ayuden a que se emprendan más dentro y fuera del territorio que favorezcan su desarrollo y bienestar.

Phylogeny and pathogenicity of Lasiodiplodia species associated with dieback of mango in Peru

Mango, which is an important tropical fruit crop in the region of Piura (Peru), is known to be prone to a range of diseases caused by Lasiodiplodia spp. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and prevalence of mango dieback in the region of Piura, and to identify the species of Lasiodiplodia associated with the disease and evaluate their pathogenicity towards mango. Mango dieback was present in all orchards surveyed but incidence varied with location. Identification of fungal isolates was based on morphological and cultural characteristics as well as sequence data of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene (tef1-α). The following Lasiodiplodia species were identified: Lasiodiplodia brasiliense, Lasiodiplodia egyptiacae (for which the new combination Lasiodiplodia laeliocattleyae is introduced), Lasiodiplodia iraniensis, Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, and a Lasiodiplodia sp. Individual and combined gene genealogies suggest that this Lasiodiplodia sp. is possibly a hybrid of Lasiodiplodia citricola and Lasiodiplodia parva. Apart from Lasiodiplodia theobromae, which was the most prevalent species, all other species are newly reported from Peru. Moreover, L. iraniensis is reported for the first time on mango. Inoculation trials of mango plants confirmed Koch's postulates, and revealed differences in aggressiveness among species and isolates.

Modeling of Andean Páramo Ecosystems’ Hydrological Response to Environmental Change

In the Peruvian Andes, water infiltration from tropical wetlands, called páramo, generates headwaters for downstream rivers. The hydrological processes of these wetlands are not well understood within the larger hydrological system, impeding efforts to mitigate the rapid environmental changes anticipated due to regional population growth and climate change. This study constructed and calibrated a Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) system model for ecosystems with sparse data in the Quiroz-Chipillico watershed in the Piura region of Peru. The model simulates the impacts of possible changes within the hydrological system to assist decision-makers in strategizing about sustainable development for the region, especially the páramo. Using scenarios designed with stakeholder participation, the WEAP model for the Quiroz-Chipillico watershed examines river headflow production, reservoir water levels, and demand coverage for downstream users when the upstream páramo and its environs are subjected to changes of temperature, precipitation, and land use. The model reveals that while temperature and precipitation changes can be expected to impact páramo water production, the anticipated land use changes will be a primary driver of hydrological responses in the páramo and subsequent changes downstream.

Between Water Abundance and Scarcity: Discourses, Biofuels, and Power in Piura, Peru

In 2006, transnational ethanol corporations arrived in Chira, a semi-arid zone located in the Piura region of northern Peru. Large expanses of land were used to produce sugarcane for ethanol, which triggered local concern over the pressure this would mean on the regional water balance. From political ecology, I examine how the state and a corporation produced discourses on the idea of water abundance in the Chira Basin in order to secure water rights, which increased the risk of water scarcity for small communities, pastoralists and farmers in the region. In doing so, I call attention to the discursive strategies aimed to facilitate processes of dispossession under a technical ethos that reinforce capital accumulation. Finally, I argue that water abundance discourses contributed to produce a “waterscape” that not only produced unsustainable water use but also reinforced social inequalities. En el año 2006 varias compañías transnacionales interesadas en producir etanol llegaron al valle del Chira, ubicado en la región de Piura al norte de Perú. Adquirieron grandes extensiones de tierra en esta zona semi-árida para cultivar caña de azúcar, lo que preocupó a los usuarios locales debido a la presión que ello implicaría sobre el balance hídrico. Desde la ecología política, en este artículo analizo cómo el Estado y una compañía crearon discursos que proyectaban la idea de abundancia de agua en la cuenca del Chira para asegurar sus derechos de agua. Muestro cómo los derechos de agua que fueron asignados a esta compañía con base en la estrategia discursiva de la abundancia de agua incrementaron el riesgo de escasez de agua para las comunidades, pastores y los agricultores de la región. Finalmente, sostengo que estos discursos contribuyeron a producir un paisaje acuático (waterscape) que no sólo generó un uso insostenible del agua sino que también reforzó las desigualdades sociales.

Factores detrás de la renuencia al control vectorial del Dengue en tres distritos del Norte del Perú

To identify factors behind a community's reluctance to dengue vector control efforts in three districts of the Piura region in Peru. Fieldwork was conducted in May 2015 in the districts of Mori, Rinconada, Llicuar, and Sullana on the northern coast of Peru. Qualitative research methods were employed to understand varying perspectives of individuals involved in the dengue issue. Techniques such as interviewing and observation were used. Interviews included open-ended, in-depth questions. Individual interviews, focus groups, and home visits of community members were performed. Reluctance was based on four arguments: 1. Fumigation is ineffective; 2. Personnel intervening are untrustworthy; 3. The timing of activities is unsuitable; and 4. The larvicide used affected water quality and taste. There was clear heterogeneity in reluctant groups: community members with high economic status, residents in high-risk or "red zone" areas, families with someone working as a healthcare professional, and houses with an ill or disabled member. The arguments behind reluctance as well as the composition of groups reluctant to vector control during dengue outbreaks in the districts examined were heterogeneous. Control strategies must take this heterogeneity into account.

Fundación, esplendor y colapso de la iglesia de San Miguel de Piura (1534-1578), primer templo del Perú

The aim of this research is to analyze the imperial infrastructure and institutions developed by the Inca and Spaniards to control and administer the Piura Region through the major center of Piura La Vieja (or San Miguel de Piura). This study leads with two main questions: What were the functions of the institutional buildings at Piura La Vieja, and how did these functions change from the pre-Hispanic to Transitional Colonial periods? To answer these questions, I developed a methodology to concede the limited documentary sources and surviving archaeological evidence. The Spaniards established San Miguel de Piura in 1534 and according to early documentary sources, a Catholic church was built circa 1539, which operated until 1578. During the 2005, 2008 and 2011, field seasons at Piura La Vieja we identified and excavated a structure to the south of the central plaza, oriented from North-West to South-East. The structure was identified and recorded as the architectural remains of a church, including an atrium, main entrance, tower, outer wall, altar, and sacristy. This church was built over a pre-existing pre-Hispanic building which followed a different axial orientation. The church of San Miguel de Piura is significant in that it is the only surviving building of the first seven churches built in Peru before 1540.This article is organized in five parts: the first is dedicated to explore the pre-Hispanic Period (1800 a.C.-1532 d.C.), the second to the Spanish establishment of San Miguel de Piura, the third to the brief rise of San Miguel, the fourth to the collapse of the site. Finally, some preliminary conclusions and directions for further research are presented.