Pitta Prakriti Research Articles

A REVIEW ON OPTIMIZING THE CHILD PERSONALITY WITH PRAKRITI-BASED LEARNING: A PEDAGOGICAL APPROACH

Every child is unique from others and has a preferred method of learning. The results of the psychological experiments indicated that the students are not equal in terms of intellect, innate ability, interest, potential, and needs. Every student is not at the same level in this manner. According to this principle, each student's unique characteristics must be considered. We need to optimize the growth of each student based on their unique individual differences in order to prepare them for similar opportunities. This particular variation in children can be linked to prakriti, according to Ayurveda. According to Ayurveda, children can be generally categorized into three groups based on their prakriti (individual differences) - Vata prakriti, Pitta prakriti, Kapha prakriti. To maximize their potential and achieve optimal outcomes, various prakriti children's learning and educational patterns can be modified. This paper will discuss particular learning patterns in children with various prakriti in order to enhance their personalities.

Cross-sectional Study to Identify the Predominance of Prakriti in Patients with Covid-19

COVID-19 is a viral and fatal disease occurring over a wide geographic range and affecting a high proportion of the population. It has nodefinite treatment; hence, prevention is the best way. A person's Prakriti (body constitution -inherent nature of an individual) is decided to dependon the Ahara Vihara of the mother during pregnancy. It does not change throughout life. This Prakriti is also responsible for immunity; the onset andmaintenance of disease depend on Prakriti. Hence, by properly knowing Prakriti, we can plan the disease's prevention, care, and management. Theprime of this study was to observe the predominance of specific Prakriti in patients with covid 19. The main objective of this study was to comparethe prevalence of COVID-19 in patients with different Prakriti & to raise awareness regarding COVID-19 in Wardha City. The current study wasconducted by recruiting 100 patients who recovered from Covid-19. The primary goal of this research was to determine the prevalence ofparticular Prakriti in patients with covid 19. The primary goal of this study was to compare the prevalence of COVID-19 in patients with variedPrakriti and to raise awareness about COVID-19 in Wardha. Their complaints were noted, and a Prakriti [body constituent] assessment was done.It was found that the prevalence of COVID-19 is high in Pittaja Prakriti [Body constituent dominant with hot entity] (44%), followed by Kaphaja Prakriti[Body constituent dominant with phlegm] (35%) and Vata Prakriti [Body constituent dominant with air entity] (21%). In this present study, most of theaffected patients were male. People with Pitta-predominant Prakriti were affected mainly by COVID-19. Though symptoms of COVID-19 showKapha [Phlegm] predominance as per Ayurvedic perspectives, its prevalence is more in Pitta-predominant Prakriti. Pitta Dosha is linked with the body'sthermoregulation, metabolism, and immunity. People with Pitta Prakriti [Body constituent with hot entity] have hypersensitive Pitta Dosha [Hotentity] in their bodies. Infection with COVID-19 disturbs the body's normalcy and is more common in Pittaja Prakriti people.

Estimation of prakriti (body constitution) in women of Eastern Maharashtra tribal belt of central India featuring early and premature menopause.

Prakriti (body constitution) is the essential fundamental of Ayurveda. In female physiology, it plays a crucial role in determining the age of menarche and menopause. Recent research has shown that early menopause occurs in tribal women. Vagbhata states that a kapha dosha pradhan prakriti female has a longer menstrual life [i.e., reproductive period] compared to the vata and pitta prakriti females. This study was done to estimate prakriti in females who attain early and premature menopause in the tribal population to provide optimal care for tribal women through primary and whole health systems. This cross-sectional questionnaire survey study was carried out in four villages of Nagpur district territory of Eastern Maharashtra, the central zone of India after seeking permission from IEC. A multistage sampling technique was used to select the 80%, and above tribal people, 169 married women who attained early or premature menopause were included. Post-menopausal women were selected for the study, and females with hysterectomy, secondary amenorrhea, and other major illnesses were excluded from the study. Data were collected by survey method with the help of a pre-validated questionnaire. Out of 169 females 57.98% of females were of vata prakriti, 24.85% of females were of pitta prakriti, and 17.15% of females were of kapha prakriti. The prevalence of early or premature menopause of vata prakriti females is 57.98. Vata dosha characteristics such as ruksha, laghu, sheeta, and khara in vata prakriti females lead to early or premature menopause. To avoid early or premature menopause in tribal females, ghee (ghrit) and milk can be included in dietary habits, lifestyle modification, and awareness counseling may prove beneficial. Early or premature menopause is observed largely in vata prakriti females of Nagpur district, Eastern Maharashtra, tribal zone of Central Inda.

EXPLORING THE INTERPLAY OF PRAKRUTI IN PRAMEHA IN THE CONTEXT OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS

Introduction: Prakruti is said to be the basic component of a human being. It has been explained in the classics that Prakruti provides susceptibility for certain diseases based on dosha. It is the time of the hour to explore and prove the concept clinically. Prakruti refers to the sum of all physical, physiological and psychological triads. One such disease is Prameha, which is one among santarpajanya vyadhi. Avaranjanya Prameha is caused by the vitiation of Vata by the aggravated dushya. Apathyanimittaja Prameha, sthula Prameha and zvaranjanya Prameha, described in Ayurvedic literature, have similarities with type 2 DM. The syndrome of Diabetes mellitus is mainly covered under the heading of Prameha. However, Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs either or when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it makes. This is more prevalent in Kaphaja Prakruti. So, one can take precautions to prevent this, considering Kapha Prakruti as a risk factor. In this study, Kaphaja Prakruti was more prone to type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Objectives: To assess the relationship between Prakriti and Prameha with particular reference to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Materials and Methods: 100 diagnosed cases of Type 2 DM were evaluated, and a retrospective survey was conducted to assess the Prakruti. Particular importance was given to the predominant rasa consumed. Results: More patients with Kapha Prakruti were found than those with Pitta Prakriti and Vata Prakruti. Conclusion: This survey study was conducted to analyse which Prakruti is prone to developing Prameha and to understand the relationship between Prakruti and Prameha.

Wipe Out Period of Spinal Anaesthesia in Patients of Hemorrhoidectomy in relation to Prakriti

Background: Surgical hemorrhoidectomy is most effective treatment for hemorrhoids. This procedure is commonly undertaken under spinal anaesthesia which produces intense sensory and motor blockade. In Clinical Practice of Anaesthesia, it is always seen that patients behave in a different manner even after the fact that they all are induced with similar anaesthetic agents with similar techniques of anaesthesia and maintained by similar anaesthetic agents. The difference in their behaviour is related to their physical, physiological and psychological status & to evaluate this difference, present research work was done. The patients were posted for hemorrhoidectomy under LSAB injection Bupivacaine 0.5% as 12.5 mg (2.5ml) dose. Wipe out period checked after waning the effect of anaesthesia and onset of pain. Objectives: To evaluate the wipe out period of spinal anesthesia and studying its relation to different Doshaja Prakriti means how metabolism of the drug Bupivacaine is affected by specific Doshaja Prakriti of the human body. Materials and Methods: Clinical study has been accomplished by dividing patients in three groups i.e., Group I, Group II and Group III. Sample size - Total 60 patients. Intervention - Group I - Vata Pradhan, Group II - Pitta Pradhan, Group III - Kapha Pradhan. Results: Wipe out period of spinal anaesthesia is ~3-4 hrs in 85% patients belonged to Group I and ~4-5 hrs in 90% patients belonged to Group II while ~5-6 hrs in 70% patients belonged to Group III. Thus, it is concluded that wipe out period of spinal anesthesia of Vataj Prakriti is less than Pittaj and Kaphaj Prakriti. The intergroup difference was statistically highly significant at p<0.001. Conclusion: The descriptions in Ayurveda indicates that individuals with Vata & Pitta Prakriti are fast metabolizers while those of Kaphaj Prakriti are slow metabolizers, which may be comprehended to the extent.

ROLE OF SHODHANA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF UNEXPLAINED INFERTILITY: A CASE REPORT

Unexplained infertility refers to a diagnosis made in couples in whom standard investigations, including semen analysis, ovulation testing, and tubal patency, yield average results. A 29-year-old woman who had had trouble conceiving for three years got admitted. She has had regular menstruation cycles since she was 17, and bleeding usually lasts 4-5 days. Her secondary sexual signs were typical, and there was no evidence of any other systemic disease. So, treatment was planned based on the concept of kshetra shudhi (purification of the uterus). The patient was of Vata Pitta prakriti (Vata Pitta constitution), and considering kala (season) and other factors, vamana (emesis) and virechana (purgation) was planned. Vamana karma (emesis) is done with Madanaphaladi yoga (Randia dumeorum medicines) after doing snehapana (intake of medicated ghee) with Indukantham ghrita. Virechana (purgation) was done with Manibhadra gulam after doing snehapanam (intake of medicated ghee) with Kalyanaka ghrita. The patient conceived soon after her first menstrual cycle and delivered a healthy baby girl. The kshetra (uterus) should be devoid of the morbid dosha for conceptions. Vamana (emesis) and virechana (purgation) have action all over the body, and so it does kshetra shudhi (purification of the uterus).

Prevalence of Adverse Health Effects of Tobacco Addiction in Different Types of Prakriti – An Observational Study

According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, tobacco is one of the most widely used addictive items in the United States (NIDA). Addiction is a long-term illness marked by obsessive drug seeking and usage and long-term chemical and molecular alterations in the brain. Tobacco smoking is linked to 5 million fatalities worldwide, making it one of the major causes of mortality. Comprehensive tobacco control programs can significantly lower the frequency of tobacco use. The study was a cross-sectional study. Approval was taken from the institutional ethical committee. Personal interviews were conducted at Mahatma Gandhi Ayurved College, Hospital & Research Centre, Salod (H), Wardha district. All the subjects were personally interviewed based on the questionnaire. The survey elicited 209 replies, and based on the findings, the following observations were made. Individuals who were addicted to tobacco chewing in the Wardha district were included in the study. One hundred percent of participants completed the survey. The evaluation used a question-and-answer format, a typical Prakriti assessment, and tobacco addiction-related questions. The study gathered 209 replies from tobacco-dependent residents in the Wardha district, who were selected based on their comments and observations. Tobacco chewing percentage was more found in males (21%) than females (2.8%). Twenty-five percent were primarily Vata Prakriti, fifty-nine percent were Pitta Prakriti, and eighteen percent were Kapha Prakriti. Compared to Pitta and Kapha Prakriti people, Vata-dominant Prakriti people are more likely to experience the negative effects of tobacco addiction.

DNA DAMAGE IN LENS EPITHELIAL CELLS OF SENILE CATARACT PATIENTS OF DIFFERENT PRAKRITI ACCORDING TO AYURVEDA LITERATURE

Objectives: The Ayurvedic concept of the constitution is useful in predicting an individual’s susceptibility to age-related diseases like Cataracts (Kaphaja Linganasha). The objectives of the study were to assess DNA damage directly in human lens epithelial cells (HLEC) of senile cataracts of Vata Predominant, Pitta Predominant, and Kapha Predominant Prakriti individuals. Methods: After obtaining Institutional Ethics Committee permission, HLEC were taken from 20 Vatta Predominant,20 Pitta Predominant and 20 Kapha Predominant Prakriti individuals of cataract after cataract surgery and from 4 controls in which quantitative assessment of DNA damage were measured using CometScore™ software. The formation of “comets” in the DNA of lens epithelial cells can be visualized through the method of single gel electrophoresis and indicates DNA strand breaks, as the damaged DNA migrates at a different rate than non-damaged DNA during electrophoresis. Results: No such prominent comets were indicating any DNA damage in the HLEC of the four control subjects, but comets were found in cataractous HLEC. The maximal damage was found in pitta-predominant Prakriti Individuals. In senile cataract patients, in HLECs DNA was randomly damaged and this type of damage was possible by reactive oxygen species. The DNA damage in HLEC was found maximally in pitta Predominant Prakriti individuals of senile type of cataract patients. Statistical significance was observed between senile cataracts in pitta predominant Prakriti versus senile cataracts in Vata predominant Prakriti individuals and between senile cataracts in Vata predominant Prakriti versus senile cataracts in Kapha Prakriti individual. No statistically significant results were obtained for senile cataracts in pitta Prakriti versus senile cataracts in Kapha Prakriti individuals. Conclusion: The pathogenesis of senile cataracts is multifactorial and includes continuous molecular stress brought by photo-oxidative stress, UV irradiation, and oxidative reactions.

Tridosha prakriti and sports performance: A qualitative analysis

Purpose of the present study was to investigate inter relationship between tridosha prakriti and sports performance on the basis of quality. Elements of Vata, Pitta and Kapha are present in people, but with differing degrees of predominance. Each Dosha gives certain characteristic qualities to the person, based on which an individual can be classified as belonging to that particular Dosha type. Charaka and Sushruta recognize seven types or categories into which people can be classified, depending on the dominance of the Doshas in their body. Sample for the present study consisted of 315 (183 Males and 132 female) athletes in the age group of 17 to 25 years who consented/informed to participate. A factorial design 2×7 was used having two independent variables with two levels of game (Team and Individual) and seven levels of prakriti (V, P, K, VP, KV, KP, VPK). Sports performance was studied in terms of T-score. T-scores are standard scores with its mean as 50 and SD as 10 (Guilford & Fruchter, 1981) of % score of average observed composite score obtained through rating the performance of the athlete by two independent observer on focal player observation method. Finding suggests that Pitta prakriti players were found significantly different from all other prakriti types. Thus, it was concluded that the people with pitta prakriti characteristics are not found to be good in sports as compared to other prakriti types.

Clinical Prediction of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) via Anthropometric and Biochemical Variations in Prakriti.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a complicated multifactorial illness involving hereditary and external environmental variables. The symptoms typically appear gradually over a number of years without realizing it. This viewpoint is further supported by the Ayurvedic constitution concept (Prakriti). Prakriti explains the biological variability that is observed in different individuals. This study was conducted a retrospective investigation to examine if there was a link between type 2 diabetes and an individual’s constitution based on anthropometric and biochemical characteristics. Physical and mental characteristics and anthropometric and biochemical markers were used to determine reported cases’ prevailing Dosha Prakriti (constitution). Based on biochemical and anthropometric data, significant differences in Prakriti were found between the case (T2DM patients) and control (person without diabetes) groups. The incidence of numerous secondary problems linked with T2DM patients was also evaluated according to their Prakriti types, which revealed a positive relationship. The three primary contributing parameters, such as waist-hip ratio, postprandial blood sugar, and serum creatinine, were correctly classified all person with or without diabetes subjects to 90.6% of the time, whereas the constitution-wise study classified person with diabetes and without diabetes individuals of Pitta and Kapha Prakriti to 94.3% and 90%, respectively. A discriminant function was created to predict a person with diabetes and without diabetes based on these three contributing factors. The primary contributing biochemical parameters discovered by Prakriti in the current study could be used as a biochemical disease diagnostic for predicting type 2 diabetes susceptibility.

Association of Signs and Symptoms at Menarche with Pitta Pre-dominant Prakriti: An Observational Study

Background: Menarche a sign of puberty which links childhood to adult hood. It is the phase of progression of sexual characters required at the adolescent’s age. It is seen that premenstrual symptoms regularly occurs in luteal phase of menstrual cycle. Similarly, when we can see premenarcheal symptoms in luteal phase of first menstrual cycle. Bhawmishra has explained that difference in color is due to different Prakriti es of individuals and vitiated doshas are responsible for symptoms like pain and burning sensation.
 Materials and Methods: A total 673 girls were screened from Wardha city and out of them 150 were recruited for the study. Data were gathered with the help of specially designed proforma and Prakriti questionnaire. Qualitative analysis was done based on recorded data.
 Observation & Results: Around 105 girls with Pitta Prakriti noted the problem of dysmenorrhea. Various observations were recorded based on regularity (16.67%)- irregularity (83.33%), quantity (Excess 19.34%, Moderate 68.66%, Scanty 12%), consistency (Clot 23.34%, Viscous 37.33%, Watery 39.33%), smell (Foul 18.67%, Normal 81.33%), dysmenorrhea condition (No 30%, Yes 70%), pain intensity (High 16.67%, Medium 72.67%, Scanty 10.66%) and other associated sign & symptoms like back pain, headache, pain in abdomen, body ache, stomach pain.
 Conclusion: It was concluded that average age group were seen around 12 years, majority of participants had watery flow and viscid flow which can be explained as Pitta dosha has dominance of Agni. The duration of menstruation was seen averagely about 6 days in most of the participants.

AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE PARENTAL DOSHA PRAKRITI OF AUTISTIC CHILDREN

Prakriti refers to the genetically determined physical and mental constitution of an individual. Autism is a lifelong disability identified by impaired communication, social interaction and repetitive behaviours. The genetic, envi- ronmental and immunological factors play an important role in generating autism. Genetic factors are more pre- dominant in autism pathogenesis than the environmental factors that would modulate the phenotype. Until now, no interventions have proven widely effective in providing complete relief to autism. Therefore, the prevention of autism needs supreme attention. To a greater extent, prakriti of an individual can determine proneness to particu- lar diseases. To assess the prakriti of both parents of 30 diagnosed cases of autistic children attending the OPD and IPD of Govt. Ayurveda College, Kannur were randomly selected. They are subjected to detailed history taking based on specially prepared proforma and assessments were recorded. Their prakriti assessment was done using a validated computer-assisted questionnaire software Ayusoft developed by C-DAC Pune. The data was statistically analysed. In this study, Vata pitta prakriti was significantly seen in mothers of autistic children. Keywords: Prakriti, Autism

A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY STUDY TO ASSESS THE PREVALENCE OF PALITYA IN YOUTH WSR TO PRAKRITI

Ayurveda is a science of vast knowledge of Ahar, Vihar and Prakriti. In this modern era due to stress, lifestyle changes, eating habits and many psychological and environmental factors are responsible for premature greying of hair. The present cross-sectional survey study was planned to know about etiological factors of Palitya in youth and the prevalence of Prakriti also. Total 500 patients of premature canities fulfilling the criteria of inclusion as per GSS1 were selected from O.P.D. of department Rog Nidana and Vikriti Vigyana, National Institute of Ayurved, Jaipur. A structured questionnaire will be administered to each subject of Nidanatmaka survey to collect data on Prakriti, Socio-demographic profile, Dietary patterns and other Ayurvedic variables. Results: Max. 37% have Akala bhojana,36.4% having Vishmagni,35 and 32% habituated to Katu and Lavan Rasa,42% consuming Amla Rasa, and max.36.4% were having Vata -Pitta Prakriti. Overall, it was observed that in youth diet, dietary habits were prone to vitiate Pitta dosha. especially in the Pitta Prakriti persons. The faulty dietary habits like Vishamashana, Adhyashana, Ajeernashana, Amla-Lavana Rasa Atisevana can accelerate the process of greying hair. Keywords: Premature canities, Prakriti

Efficacy of Mahanarayana Taila Matra Basti in Primary Insomnia (Anidra)-An Analytical Review

We all live in 21st century; this era is an age of industrialization and fast life. This fast life has destroyed healthy life style which has created various lifestyle disorders. Insomnia is one of those deadly disorders. Nowadays increasing number of patients with various forms of sleep pattern abnormalities is seen attending the outpatients, among this insomnia is important one. Insomnia disorder is defined as a subjective perception or complaint of inadequate or poor quality sleep due to a number of factors such as difficulty in falling asleep, waking up frequently during the night with difficulty in returning to sleep, waking up too early in the morning or un refreshing sleep. In Ayurveda it can be corelated with Anidra and Nidranasha. People with Vata and Pitta Prakriti are more susceptible to develop insomnia [1]. Asvapna is categorized in to 80 Nanatmaja Vata diseases [2]. Anidra is a disease, which is having cardinal symptoms like Jrumbha, Angamarda, Tandra, Shiroroga, Shirogaurava, Akshigaurava, Jadya, Glani, Bhrama, Apakti and Vataroga occur due to sleeplessness [1]. Allopathic treatments show temporary relief in curing of this disease and produce massive side effects. Ayurveda has a very good approach towards the treatment of insomnia by both internal and external medications. Panchakarma therapy is designed to eliminate the vitiated Doshas through the nearest route. Mahanarayana Taila when administered through anal route in the form of Matra Basti, it gives soothing effect to the mind and initiate good sleep. After reviewing the recent findings from literature we aim to discuss efficacy of therapy in management of insomnia.

To Know the Efficacy of Shirodhara with Ksheerbala Taila in Anidra W.S.R to Insomnia: Single Case Study

Ayurveda has given more importance to Nidra by considering it as one among the Trayo Upasthambha. The disturbance to Nidra includes Anidra which is said to be a Vata Nanatmaja Vyadhi That can be correlated to insomnia. In Anidra both vata and Manas play an important role. Hence Acharyas gave importance to Vata in the management of Anidra with Murdhni Taila. Ksheerbala Taila which is used here is having Vatashamaka and Brimhaniya Properity thus it enchances the Pusthi of Dhatus and thus acts on Anidra. Here is a Case study to evaluate the efficacy of Shirodhara with Ksheerbala Taila in Anidra. A 37year female patient with the history of Anidra, Krodh. Shoka, Ajirn, Katishoola, since 25 year. She came Panchkarma O.P.D of Rishikul campus Uttarakhand Ayurved University Haridwar, for treatment. The patient was Vata pitta Prakriti with no systemic history of any systemic disease. She was planned for Management with Shirodhara with Ksheerbala taila and Ayurvedic internal medicine Avipattikar Churna and she got moderated relief in sleep pattern.

CORRELATION BETWEEN PRAKRITI AND RITUCHARYA: A CONCEPTUAL STUDY

Ayurveda is the science of life, or the knowledge of living, which addresses all of the aspects of life that make it worthwhile to live in its purest form. The concept of Tridosha and Prakriti is central to Ayurveda's philosophy. Prakriti describes an individual's physical, physiological, and psychological expression. The unique biological constitution generated by the preponderance of the Tridoshas Vata, Pitta, and Kapha is known as human Prakriti. Such characteristics are inherited and remain with a person throughout his or her life. Prakriti is a person's constitution, which is unique to them and is regulated by their physiology. Individuals with Vata Prakriti have Alpa Bala and Alpa Ayu and are more susceptible to illnesses. Pitta Prakriti people have Madhyama Bala and Madhyama Ayu and are moderately prone to diseases, whereas Kapha Prakriti people have Uttama Bala and Uttama Ayu and are moderately prone to diseases. Prakriti, Vikara, Kala, and Bala are all linked to sustaining human health and producing sickness. Different illnesses result when Doshas rise or decrease in a person during specific seasons. Adana Kala and Visarga Kala are the two divisions of Kala. The debilitating phase is known as Adana Kala. The sun depletes one's physical power. The moon is powerful in Visarga Kala, and it provides strength to the living organism. These changes in the environment cause changes in the body's Dosha sthiti. Ritucharya (seasonal lifestyle) is recommended by Ayurveda for preventing illnesses caused by changes in Tridosha owing to Kala (season). In this study, we attempted to promote Ritucharya about Prakriti. Keywords: Ayurveda, Ritucharya, Prakriti, Tridosha, Ritu

Prakriti (constitution of body) and nutritional status in children: An exploratory study

Introduction: Prakriti (constitution of body) signifies individuality and determines the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases. It is a unique trait that is specific to individuals and it is determined at conception based on the predominance of dosha. Vataja, Pittaja, Kaphaja, Vata pitta, Pittakapha, Kaphavata, and Sannipataja are the seven types of Prakriti described in the classics. Nutritional status is the reflection of the quality of health as a result of a nutritious diet consumed and its optimum utilization in the body. prakriti influences individuals’ nutritional status via digestion; their metabolism; and also their physical, mental, and emotional characteristics. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of prakriti on the nutritional status of children aged 5–10 years. Materials and Methods: Children aged 5–10 years visiting an Ayurveda hospital for a routine health checkup were screened with a standard prakriti questionnaire. Their nutritional status was assessed in terms of their height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and BMI. Prakriti in relation to nutritional status was analyzed by using SPSS 20. Results: Among the 573 children screened, 22 children (3.8%) were of Vata prakriti, three children (0.5%) Pitta prakriti, 31(5.4%) Kapha prakriti, 97 (16.9%) Vata pitta, a maximum of 260 (45.3%) Vatakapha, and 160 (27.9%) Pittakapha prakriti. On analysis of nutritional status, 85 children were observed to be malnourished (14.8%), 125 underweight (21.8%), 215 normal (37.5%), 62 overweight (10.8%), and 86 obese (15.1%). Conclusion: The majority of children belonged to Dwandwa prakriti, especially Kapha dominant. Most children with Kapha dominance were well nourished and had a tendency of being overweight as compared with others. Children with Pitta predominant Prakriti were moderately nourished and had excellent metabolic activity, leading to a less chance for being overweight. Nutritional status correlates well with the Prakriti descriptions.

Understanding the association between the human gut, oral and skin microbiome and the Ayurvedic concept of prakriti

Ayurveda is one of the ancient systems of medicine which is widely practised as a personalized scientific approach towards the general wellness. Ayurvedic prakriti is broadly defined as the phenotypes which are determined on the basis of physical, psychological and physiological traits irrespective of their social, ethnic, dietary and geographical stature. Prakriti is the constitution of a person, which comprises vata, pitta, and kapha and is a key determinant of how one individual is different from the other. Human microbiome is considered the 'latest discovered' human organ and microbiome research reiterates the fundamental principles of Ayurveda for creating a healthy gut environment by maintaining the individual-specific microbiome. Hence, it is important to understand the association of human microbiome with the Ayurvedic prakriti of an individual. Here, we provide a comprehensive analysis of human microbiome from the gut, oral and skin samples of healthy individuals (n=18) by 16S rRNA gene-based metagenomics using standard QIIME pipeline. In the three different prakriti samples differential abundance of Bacteroides, Desulfovibrio, Parabacteroides, Slackia, and Succinivibrio was observed in the gut microbiome. Analysis also revealed prakriti-specific presence of Mogibacterium, Propionibacterium, Pyramidobacter, Rhodococcus in the kapha prakriti individuals Planomicrobium, Hyphomicrobium, Novosphingobium in the pitta prakriti individuals and Carnobacterium, Robiginitalea, Cetobacterium, Psychrobacter in the vata prakriti individuals. Similarly, the oral and skin microbiome also revealed presence of prakriti-specific differential abundance of diverse bacterial genera. Prakriti-specific presence of bacterial taxa was recorded and only 42% microbiome in the oral samples and 52% microbiome in the skin samples were shared. Bacteria known for preventing gut inflammation by digesting the resistant starch were abundant in the pitta prakriti individuals, who are more prone to develop gut-inflammation-related disorders. In summary, human gut, oral and skin microbiome showed presence or high abundance of few bacterial taxa across three prakriti types, suggesting their specific physiological importance.

Concepts of Prakriti (Human Constitution) and its Association with Hematological Parameters, Body Mass Index (BMI), Blood Groups and Genotypes

Background: Ayurveda is an ancient system of personalized medicine, documented and practiced in India since 1500 B.C. According to this system an individual’s basic constitution to a large extent determines predisposition and prognosis to diseases as well as the therapy and life-style regime. Ayurveda describes seven broad Prakriti (Physical constitution) Prakriti is defined as the sum of physical, physiological, psychological traits of an individual which represents genotypes. Objective: In this article we have attempted to narrate concepts of Prakriti and its relation with hematological parameter, body mass index, blood groups and genotypes. Material and Method: Present article is based on critical review of Ayurvedic textual information, published research works, modern literature and research works conducted at various institutes. The possible correlation has been made between collected information and has been presented in systematic way. Result: In Pitta Prakriti individual’s hematological parameters like Hemoglobin (Hb%), Packed cell volume (PCV), and Red blood corpuscles (RBC) count are significantly on the higher side of normal range in comparison to Vata and Kapha Prakriti . Higher level of cluster of differentiation (CD) 14 markers in Pitta Prakriti , CD25 and CD56 in Kapha Prakriti individuals. Vata Prakriti individuals have “A” blood group, maximum Pitta Prakriti individuals have “O” blood group while maximum Kapha Prakriti individuals have “B” blood group and genotype correlation shows that HLA DRB1 ((human leukocyte antigen, dimer beta chain) gene polymorphism, CYP2C19 (Cytochrome P450 2C19) gene polymorphism and PGM1 (Phosphoglucomutase 1) polymorphism have scientific variations with the human Prakriti concept. Conclusion: Prakriti of individual has strong relation with Hematological parameters (CBC, lipid profile, Liver function test (LFT)), Body mass index (BMI), anthropometry, blood groups and genotypes.

Affiliation among Infantile Age, Morbidity and Prakriti (Physical Constitution): A Longitudinal Preliminary Study

Background: Prakriti has important role in prevention, diagnosis, treatment of disease and forecast of future disorders. Infants are more prone to develop various health problems like infections, due to poor immune system. This study shows relation between infantile age morbidity and their Prakriti (physical constitution) in present scenario. Material and Methods: For this longitudinal study 100 infants were registered for Prakriti assessment and their relationship with incidence of diseases. Performa for Prakriti assessment in infants was developed by Department of Kaumarbhritya/Balroga and Department of Kriya Sharira. This study was conducted in Kaumarbhritya OPD, SS Hospital, Banaras Hindu University (BHU). Observation and Result: In the present study, rate of morbidity in infantile age was found maximum in Vata Prakriti (6.6 episodes/infant/year) and minimum in Kapha Prakriti (1.54 episodes/infant/year). Incidence of morbidity was 2.41 episodes/infant/year. The commonest morbidities were respiratory tract infections (40.66%) and diarrhea (30.29%). Respiratory tract infection is most common morbidity in Vata Prakriti (33.3%), Kapha Prakriti (73.5%), Vata-Pitta Prakriti (48.1%) and Vata Kapha Prakriti (53.3%) infants. Diarrhea was the most common morbidity in Pitta Prakriti (32.2%) and Pitta-Kapha Prakriti (50.0%) infants. Discussion and Conclusion: Rate of morbidity was found more in Vata Prakriti and less in Kapha Prakriti infants which justifies the concept of Ayurveda that feature of Vata Prakriti is Shighravikara and Kapha Prakriti have Ashighravikara. Vata and Kapha Prakriti infants mostly suffer from respiratory tract infection and Pitta Prakriti infants mostly suffer from diarrhea. In present study incidence of morbidity was 2.41 episodes/infant/year and most common morbidity was respiratory tract infection and diarrhea.