Pithecellobium Dulce Research Articles

Heavy metal bioaccumulation by selected plants from fly ash–contaminated soils in suburban area

In fly ash–contaminated soils, metal buildup and translocation and their subsequent uptake in different parts of naturally growing plants were studied. The mean metal levels in soil and plants at uncontaminated site were significantly (p Fe> Cr > Zn > Pb > Cu > Ni > Mn. The shoot enrichment factor (SEF) of Pithecellobium dulce (P. dulce) was Cd > Fe > Zn > Cr > Ni > Cu > Mn > Pb, whereas for Azadirachta indica (A. Indica) and Cassia fistula (C. fistula), the SEF was of the order Fe > Cd > Cr > Zn> Ni > Mn > Cu > Pb, respectively. Root enrichment factor (REF) for P. dulce was Cd > Fe > Zn > Ni > Cu > Cr = Mn > Pb, but in A. indica, the REF was Fe > Cd > Zn > Ni > Mn > Pb > Cu > Cr, and in C. fistula, this order was Fe > Cd > Zn > Ni > Cr > Cu > Mn > Pb. Metal mobilization ratio in plants at both sites were below 1, except Mn and Fe at contaminated site. Single and combined element pollution indexes (SEPI and CPI) and shoot contamination factor (SCF) at contaminated soil were higher than uncontaminated, but root contamination factor (RCF) between sites shows a variable response. From ANOVA results, metal concentration showed significant variation due to site, plants, location, and season interactions.

Evaluation of Anti-obesity of Pithecellobium dulce against high fat diet Induced obesity in experimental animals

Evaluation of Anti-obesity of Pithecellobium dulce against high fat diet Induced obesity in experimental animals

Pharmacological screening of ethanolic extract of Pithecellobium dulce for antiarthritic activity in Rats

Arthritis is an inflammatory joint disorder in which cartilage of the joint is gradually lost and categorized by swelling of joints, pain, and loss of function. The present study was conducted to explore the antiarthritic activity of ethanolic extract of Pithecellobium dulce against formaldehyde induced at sub plantar region of the left hind paw during days 1 and 3 of the study period. The changes observed in paw diameter during the study period, various biochemical, and haematological parameters were monitored. The Radiographic analysis and histopathology significantly improved after treatment with test extract P. dulce (250 mg/kg, b.w., p.o. ) as compared to the standard treatment with indomethacin (10 mg/kg, b.w., p.o. ).The results of the current investigation concluded that ethanolic extract of P. dulce possesses significant anti-arthritic activity against formaldehyde induced arthritis model, justifying its therapeutic role in arthritic conditions. The observed antiarthritic activity may be due to the presence of phytoconstituents such as alkaloids and flavonoids. P. dulce significantly suppressed the paw oedema in formaldehyde models ( P <0.001). The Histopathological and radiographic studies of joints also showed a protective effect of P. dulce .

Stimulation of Pithecellobium dulce (jungle jalebi) seed with electromagnetic exposure and its impact on biochemical parameter and growth

Abstract The productivity of crops is an important indicative parameter for the prosperity of the Nation. Production of the crop is directly related to the germination of seed. The effect of stimulation with pre-sowing electromagnetic field treatments on Pithecellobium dulce seed to break physical dormancy is being explored in the present study. The uniform seeds were exposed to the electromagnetic field of 500 G for 10, 20, 30, and 40 min respectively which are optimized under the varying electromagnetic condition in the range of 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 G for a fixed time of 20 min. Non exposed seeds were used as the control seeds. The treated and control seeds were sown in separate trays in the same laboratory conditions. The effect of electromagnetic exposure on the seeds was investigated and compared with the observation of vital parameters of seeds - germination percentage (GP), relative germination percentage (RGP), relative root growth (RRG), relative shoot growth (RSG), germination index (GI), vigor index (VI). Biochemical parameters reducing sugar, total Protein, amylase activity were calculated by standard methods. The result indicates that the stimulation of seeds with a 500G for 30 min of exposure favors the growth of the plant as compared to another set of experimental conditions. Based on the result it can be concluded that pre-sowing electromagnetic treatment may have the potential to improve the productivity of crops by enhancing germination and seedling growth in a chemical-free, damage-free and sustainable procedure at the cultivator level.

Study on osmotic dehydration and drying characteristics of manila tamarind

Study on osmotic dehydration and drying characteristics of manila tamarind

Complementary Review Of Anti Arthritis Activity Of Pithcellobium Dulce Plant Extract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder. It generates joint inflammation and synovitis. Which influence more or less 20 % of the population in India. The arthritis symptoms are created step by step. The major symptom of RA is a pain in the joint. The high level of rheumatoid factor ( RF ) in the blood is most often associated with autoimmune disease such as rheumatoid arthritis & sjogren's syndrome. The Normal range of RF is from 0-20 IU / ml. The anti-arthritis activity evaluation can be studied by using an animal model. The anti-arthritis activity can be done using pithecellobium dulce leaves. The pithecellobium dulce is also called Manila tamarind. PD leaves are also used as astringent to treat antidiabetic activity. The phytoconstituent is existing in leaves are alkaloids, phenol, afezilin, glycoside, saponin, telephenoid, quericitin, dulcitol and laempferol. The fresh leaves are collected and dried to prepared the extract. The dried leaves were ground by using a blender has fine powder. In pithecellobium dulce leaf extract, various methods of extraction like methanol, ethanol, and aqueous extract used for many activities such as CNS depressant, Analgesic, Antidiarrhoeal, Anti-inflammatory and Anti arthritis activity. The ethanol extract of pithecellobium dulce has a significant Anti arthritis activity.

Fertilización de Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth en vivero: efectos en la calidad de planta

La fertilización en vivero es una práctica cultural con potencial para mejorar la calidad de planta, pero es necesario definir niveles de fertilización adecuados para cada especie. Este estudio evaluó el efecto de niveles de fertilización en la calidad de planta de Pithecellobium dulce, durante la etapa de vivero. Los niveles aplicados fueron nueve; consistieron en regímenes en los que se combinó un fertilizante de liberación controlada (FLC) 18-6-12, en tres dosis (4 g L-1, 6 g L-1 y 8 g L-1 de sustrato) con un fertilizante hidrosoluble (FHS) 20-20-20, en concentraciones de nitrógeno de 0 mg L-1, 75 mg L-1 y 150 mg L-1. El efecto de los regímenes de fertilización se determinó analizando índices morfológicos de calidad, tasas de asimilación neta (TAN) y estado nutrimental N-P-K en plantas de cuatro meses de edad. Una prueba de calidad fue diseñada para someter a las plantas a estrés en una condición de escasa fertilidad y pérdida de biomasa aérea, para evaluar capacidad de rebrote y crecimiento. Hubo diferencias estadísticas por efecto de los regímenes de fertilización. En general, la combinación de 8 g de FLC con 150 mg de nitrógeno por litro del FHS propició un incremento en la calidad morfológica y en la TAN de las plantas, aunque nutrimentalmente las respuestas principales fueron de suficiencia y dilución. En la prueba de calidad, las plantas tuvieron limitaciones para favorecer su rebrote o crecimiento según la cantidad de reservas nutrimentales. La fertilización con FLC y FHS tiene potencial para incrementar la calidad de planta de P. dulce en vivero.

One-pot, aqueous synthesis of multifunctional biogenic Ag NPs for efficient 4-NP reduction, Hg2+ detection, bactericidal, and antioxidant activities

We have developed a green and environmentally friendly approach for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) using Pithecellobium dulce seeds (PDS) extract via a simple route and characterized by several techniques. Ag NPs have an average particle size is 8 nm and used as a catalyst for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) to 4-aminophenol (4-AP) within 3 min of reaction. Ag NPs could be easily recovered and reused five times without significant loss in its catalytic activity. The synthesized Ag NPs were investigated for optical sensing of various metal ions in aqueous solutions by monitoring their surface plasmon resonance (SPR), results showed that the selective response to mercury (Hg2+) ions. Ag NPs exhibited significant antibacterial activity against several microorganisms including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus subtilis by a paper-disk method. The synthesized Ag NPs also exhibited virtuous antioxidant activity.

PROCESS OPTIMIZATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MANILA TAMARIND SEED OIL EXTRACTED BY THE SOXHLET METHOD

This work mainly presents an experimental investigation of the extraction of oil from Manila tamarind seeds (Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth) using a Soxhlet-assisted solvent extraction method. Different factors that affect the extraction of oil were analyzed and optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM). Three process variables, namely, solvent volume, extraction time, and powder weight, were adopted in a three level Box-Behnken design. Based on the experimental design, 17 experimental runs were performed to evaluate the effect of selected variables on the oil yield. A polynomial model is suggested and found to be significant. From the results of analysis of variance (ANOVA), it is found that the powder weight and solvent volume significantly affect the yield of the produced oil. The results showed that the oil yield could be maximized under the optimized conditions of powder weight, solvent volume, and extraction time of 40 g·s, 314 mL, and 6 h, respectively. The physicochemical properties of extracted oil showed that it is brownish yellow liquid with specific gravity and refractive index of 0.92 and 1.4631, respectively. Similarly, the moisture content, acid value, unsaponifiable matter, iodine value, free fatty acid, saponification value, and peroxide value were found to be 0.12%, 8.32 mg/g KOH of oil, 0.4%, 83.9 g I2/100 g of oil, 4.16 mg/g KOH of oil, 175.4 mg/g KOH of oil, and 6.10 meq O2/kg, respectively. The results also revealed that the presence of stearic fatty and saturated palmitic acids were the major fractions in the Manila tamarind seed oil (MTSO) along with other unsaturated fatty acids.

Physiochemical and rheological characterization of pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) benth gum exudate as a potential wall material for the encapsulation of rosemary oil.

Exudate gums are the naturally occurring polymers found abundantly, and their low cost makes them preferred choice for use in food and pharmaceutical industry. The gum obtained from Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth (locally named as Vilayti chinch) has medicinal benefits and being used from ancient times. This study reveals the physical, chemical, thermal, and functional properties of gum with the application as microencapsulating material. Monosaccharide analysis by HPLC showed the presence of arabinose, galactose, glucose, and rhamnose with a concentration of 27.98, 26.30, 7.16, and 2.77%, respectively. SEM, Particle size analysis, XRD, TGA, DSC, FTIR, Elemental, and rheological analysis were used to characterize the gum sample. Emulsions were prepared with gum solutions with different concentrations and Rosemary oil. The resulting emulsions were subsequently spray-dried to produce powders and analyzed. The gum can be further explored as an encapsulating material for spray drying processes.

Identification of the most tolerant plant species along the Chembur industrial area of Mumbai: a key step to mitigate global air pollution

Mitigation of air pollution is the major global challenge in the current world. Quality of air is undergoing continuous deterioration due to industrial and urban development. The present study aims at the seasonal investigation of air pollution tolerance index (APTI) and anticipated performance index (API) of six commonly found plant species namely Ziziphus jujube (S1), Pithecellobium dulce (Sw.) DC (S2), Celosia argentea L. (S3), Ricinus communis L. (S4), Apluda mutica L. (S5) and Terminalia catappa L. (S6) growing along the industrial area (Chembur) of Mumbai. The air pollution tolerance indices were evaluated by using pH, ascorbic acid, total chlorophyll content, the relative water content in the fresh leaves of plant species growing along the industrial and non-industrial area of Mumbai. The API was determined on combining the APTI values of the plant species with their biological and socio-economic parameters. The APTI of all the industrial zone plant species was found to be higher than the non-industrial zone plant species in all the three seasons. The rise in the mean of the three season’s APTI of S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6 plant species from the polluted industrial zone over the less-polluted non-industrial zone was found to be 60.14, 76.59, 71.98, 82.30, 71.12, 65.52%, respectively. The higher API values obtained for the Pithecellobium dulce (Sw.) DC, Ricinus communis L. and Terminalia catappa L. plant species from polluted zone indicated higher air pollution tolerance and hence are recommended for green belt expansion in the Chembur industrial area. Terminalia catappa L. is an evergreen plant which can be planted in large number to develop green zone throughout the year around the Chembur industrial area. Similar studies can be performed globally to increase green zones around any industrial or residential area which will provide healthy living for the next generations on the earth.

Saline Soil Reclamation Index as an efficient tool for assessing restoration progress of saline land

AbstractRestoration of degraded land is imperative for addressing climate change, deriving additional benefits such as biomass and biofuel for supporting a biobased economy and also for meeting various targets of the Bonn Challenge and the UN Sustainable Development Goals (UN‐SDGs). In this context, the present research aimed to evaluate the performance of mixed biomass plantations on the saline land of western India over a period of 4 years. The impact of plantations on soil quality over the study period (2015–2018) was analysed by the Saline Soil Reclamation Index (SSRI), developed through principal component analysis. The study found a strong correlation between plant growth attributes and soil quality (p < .01). Soil porosity, texture, pH balance, electrical conductivity (EC), available potassium (AK) and available nitrogen (AN) levels are found to be the key indicators regulating the plant growth. The EC, AK and AN levels were seen to change significantly during the initial stage (2014) from 25 dS m−1, 10 mg kg−1 and 23 mg kg−1 to 1 dS m−1, 24 mg kg−1 and 39 mg kg−1, respectively, towards the end of the study period (2018). Among the various test plants, six species (Albizia lebbeck, Casuarina equisetifolia, Cordia dichotoma, Pithecellobium dulce, Pongamia pinnata, Terminalia arjuna) were found with high SSRI (>0.50); while the rest displayed moderate SSRI (0.30–0.49), except for Azadirachta indica, which shown low SSRI (<0.30). The trees having high SSRI are most suitable for the reclamation of saline soil and therefore, SSRI can be used as a tool for assessing the progress of saline land restoration.

Profiling the Lipophilic Fractions of Pithecellobium dulce Bark and Leaves Using GC/MS and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities.

Pithecellobium dulce has been used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments owing to its restorative properties. The biological activities and chemical profiles of the lipophilic fraction of P. dulce bark and leaves were assessed herein. Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) and unsaponifiable matter (USM) were prepared and analyzed by GC/MS. A total of 40 compounds were identified in the bark saponifiable fraction, whereas 9 compounds were annotated in the leaves. Palmitic acid methyl ester was the major compound identified accounting for 41.48 % of the bark and 19.03 % of the leaves composition. Besides, linolenic acid methyl ester (22.40 %) and linoleic acid (12.69 %) were annotated in the leaves saponifiable fraction. A total of 63 compounds were detected in the bark USM and 4 compounds were identified in the leaves. Phytol represented the major component in the leaves (52.57 %) followed by lupeol (20.68 %) and lupenone (8.60 %). Meanwhile, n-dodecane dominated in the bark USM accounting for 24.69 % of the total composition. The leaves and bark lipophilic fractions revealed moderate antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Both extracts showed no antifungal activity. No cytotoxicity was observed for both lipophilic fractions. P. dulce offers a good source of antioxidant compounds that can be introduced to food and pharmaceutical industry.

In Vitro Anthelmintic Evaluation of Gliricidia sepium, Leucaena leucocephala, and Pithecellobium dulce: Fingerprint Analysis of Extracts by UHPLC-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry.

In the present work, the anthelmintic activity (AA) of ethanolic extracts obtained from Gliricidia sepium, Leucaena leucocephala, and Pithecellobium dulce was evaluated using the third-stage-larval (L3) exsheathment inhibition test (LEIT) and egg hatch test (EHT) on Haemonchus contortus. Extracts were tested at concentrations of 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, 2.5, 5.0, 10, 20, and 40 mg/mL. The larval exsheathment inhibition (LEI) results showed that G. sepium achieved the highest average inhibition of 91.2%, compared with 44.6% for P. dulce and 41.0% for L. leucocephala at a concentration of 40 mg/mL; the corresponding IC50 values were 22.4, 41.7, and 43.3 mg/mL, respectively. The rates of egg hatching inhibition (EHI) at a concentration of 5 mg/mL were 99.5% for G. sepium, 64.2% for P. dulce, and 54% for L. leucocephala; the corresponding IC50 values were 1.9 mg/mL for G. sepium, 3.9 mg/mL for P. dulce, and 4.3 mg/mL for L. leucocephala. The species extracts studied here were also analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography and Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q/Orbitrap/MS/MS), resulting in the compounds’ identification associated with AA. Glycosylated flavonoids and methoxyphenols were observed in all three species: fatty acids in G. sepium and P. dulce; phenylpropanoids, anthraquinone glycosides, amino acids and glycosylated phenolic acids in G. sepium; and flavonoids in L. leucocephala. Comparatively, G. sepium presented a greater diversity of compounds potentially active against the control of gastrointestinal nematodes, which was associated with the results obtained in the applied tests.

Fruit Extract of Pithecellobium dulce (FPD) ameliorates carrageenan-induced acute inflammatory responses via regulating pro-inflammatory mediators.

Unravelling the precise mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory action of fruit extract of Pithecellobium dulce (FPD) is quite complex. Hence the prime approach of this particular study is to unveil intriguing insights to its possible anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Anti-inflammatory effects of FPD were determined against experimentally induced acute and chronic inflammation in mice paw edema models. Administration of FPD significantly reduced the acute and chronic inflammation via regulating pro-inflammatory mediators such as pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1ß), Cycloxygenase 2 (COX-2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) compared to control group. The overall results suggest that FPD mitigates inflammation by regulating the inflammatory mediators. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Fruit of Pithecellobium dulce is comestible and has been widely distributed in Asian pacific region. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) are among the most conventional treatment strategy against pain and inflammation. Although, chronic use of NSAIDS are associated with severe side effects such as gastrointestinal irritation, hepatic injury, excessive bleeding, and cardiovascular disorders. Hence identification of more effective complementary and alternative therapeutic approach from natural resources with fewer side effects could improve the quality of life of those receiving NSAIDS. Administration of fruit extract of Pithecellobium dulce ameliorates carrageenan-induced acute inflammatory responses, as evidenced by paw edema measurement, expression of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathionine, super oxide dismutase, pro-inflammatory cytokine analysis (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), vascular permeability measurement, expression of COX-2 and iNOS. Further, confirmed the involvement of HO-1 pathway in anti-inflammatory action of FPD. The outcome of this present investigation could have a broad range of applications in alleviating inflammatory disorders.

Assessing the response of five tree species to air pollution in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia, for potential green belt application.

Tree species (including Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Ziziphus spina-christi, Albizia lebbeck, Prosopis juliflora, Pithecellobium dulce, and Ficus altissima) were investigated to elucidate their appropriates for green belt application. Leaf samples were collected from four different locations in Riyadh: (1) residential; (2) dense traffic; (3) industrial; and (4) reference sites located approximately 20km away from the city of Riyadh. Leaves collected from the industrial site showed the highest leaf area reduction. The smallest reduction of leaf areas was observed for F. altissima (11.6%), while the highest reduction was observed for P. juliflora (34.8%). Variations in the air pollution tolerance index (APTI) coupled with the anticipated performance index (API) for each species were examined. The APTI value of Z. spina-christi was highest (58.5) at the industrial site while the lowest APTI value was for P. juliflora (14) at the reference site. Correlation coefficient and linear regression analyses determined that the correlation between the ascorbic acid content and APTI is positive and significantly strong. Our findings indicate that urban green planning in Riyadh should include growing F. altissima on roadsides as well as in heavy industrial locations followed by Z. spina-christi and A. lebbeck according to their API and APTI performances.

Phenolic profile and antioxidant capacity of Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb) Benth: a review.

Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb) Benth (P. dulce), known as "guamúchil", is a tree native to the American continent. Various parts of the tree are used in traditional medicine, primarily for treating gastrointestinal disorders. The phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of this plant are largely responsible for the beneficial health effects attributed to it. A number of authors have studied the antioxidant capacity and phenolic compounds of the aril, seed, leaf and root of P. dulce using various methodologies, which can differ considerably in variables such as environmental factors, type of drying, temperature, the way the sample is stored, and the use of different solvents in the various extraction methods. Even methods of quantification by HPLC vary tremendously. This paper summarizes the existing research carried out to date on determining the phenolic profile and antioxidant capacity of P. dulce.

DETERMINATION OF ANTIMICROBIALACTIVITY USING METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF PITHECELLOBIUM DULCE PLANT LEAVES.

Present days due to the pathogenic bacteria and fungi, the human mortality rate has increased in number. The synthetic antimicrobial and antifungal are used in the treatment of various fungal and bacterial diseases, but have various side effects which limit's their use. Traditionally Pithecellobium dulce plant has been used for treatment of antifungal and antimicrobial infection. In this article we are comparing the activity of antimicrobial and antifungal properties of Pithecellobium dulce plant using leaves extract on gram negative bacteria,gram positive bacteria and fungi.Methanolic extraction of Pithecellobium dulce leaves was carried out using Soxhlet method and the phyto constitutional analysis was carried out for presenceof alkaloids, avonoids, glycosides, saponins, phytosterols, and triterpenoids.The inhibitory effect was determined by Cup plate method, by the measurement of zone of inhibition.The outcome was the leaves extract consisted of active phytoconstituents which were phenols, glycoside, sugar and avanoid due to which the extract showed signicant zone of inhibition,by which property of antibacterial and antifungal was listed. It can be concluded that the leaves of Pithecellobium dulce consist of active phytoconstituents which can be used as potent antimicrobials

Leaf anatomy of six arboreal eudicotyledons species growing along an altitudinal gradient on the high basin of the Tocuyo river, Venezuela

Riparian forests are known to be critical environments for biodiversity maintenance. The leaf anatomy of Sapium glandulosum (L.) Morong., Bauhinia aculeata L., Inga vera Willd., Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth., Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. and Cecropia peltata L., growing along an altitudinal gradient (682–800 – 1030 m a.s.l.) on the high basin of the Tocuyo river were studied, in order to evaluate the possible foliar phenotypic plasticity that makes possible their adaptation at this altitudinal range. Leaf blade samples were collected from adult trees growing at two different altitude; these samples were fixed in FAA and processed using classical techniques in optical microscopy. The leaf histology was similar at both altitudes for all taxa, but differences were detected between them on quantitative anatomic characteristics, which varied depending on the species. The features with higher plasticity were: adaxial stomatal density (amphistomatic leaves), trichome density, palisade parenchyma thickness and leaf thickness. I. vera seems to be the taxon in which lower plasticity in the blade’s anatomical characters was evident, while G. ulmifolia was the species with the highest phenotypic plasticity in the altitudinal gradient, showing more heliomorphic characteristics as altitude increased, which confers it adaptive advantages to this species for colonizing riparian forest ecosystems.

Amycolatopsis pithecelloba sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from roots of Pithecellobium dulce in Thailand.

An actinomycete strain RM579T isolated from roots of Pithecellobium dulce in Thailand was studied using the polyphasic taxonomic approach. The results of comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence and phylogenetic analysis showed that strain RM579T belonged to the family Pseudonocardiaceae and it was most closely related to members of the genera Amycolatopsis (≤94.5% sequence similarity) and Haloechinothrix (≤93.4% sequence similarity). A phylogenetic tree constructed by neighbor-joining method indicated that strain RM579T was positioned within the clade of the genus Amycolatopsis and formed a monophyletic cluster with Amycolatopsis taiwanensis 0345M-7T, Amycolatopsis pigmentata TT00-43T and Amycolatopsis helveola TT99-32T. Strain RM579T formed white aerial mycelium and yellowish-brown substrate mycelium that fragments into rod-shaped elements. Morphological features and chemotaxonomic characteristics of strain RM579T were consistent with those of the genus Amycolatopsis. The cell wall of strain RM579T contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. Arabinose, galactose, mannose, and ribose were detected as whole-cell sugars. Mycolic acids were absent. The acyl type of the muramic acid in the cell wall was N-acetyl. Diphosphatidylglycerol, hydroxyl-phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, and an unidentified phospholipid were detected as polar lipids. The major cellular fatty acids (>10%) were iso-C16:0, iso-C16:0 2-OH, and C16:1 cis9. The resultant data indicated that strain RM579T should be classified as representative of a novel species in the genus Amycolatopsis, for which the name Amycolatopsis pithecelloba sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is RM579T (=TBRC 1849T =NBRC 106096T).