The paper analyzes the existing standardized Russian and international methods for testing the resistance of materials to abrasive wear. According to the results, it has been found that only one of the five methods enables direct hydroabrasive wear testing for pipelines. The authors have developed a technique for the experimental measurement of the intensity of hydroabrasive wear of coating materials for pipelines and parts of dredging pumps, head losses, and the reduction in energy efficiency depending on the roughness, operation time of the slurry pipes, concentration of the solid phase of the slurry, average speed and volume of the solid material transported. Based on this technique, an experimental hydrotransportation unit was designed and assembled to test the wear resistance of materials of hydrotransportation systems. The hydrotransportation process implemented using the unit in laboratory conditions is as close as possible to the actual operating conditions at mining and processing enterprises. A pipeline system, an impeller, a pump housing, and other flow parts of a hydrotransportation unit made of various materials may be used as research objects. The experimental hydrotransportation unit allows testing the wear resistance of samples of pipes and linings of pipelines, pump parts (impeller, housing) made of various materials, such as steel, cast iron, plastic, polyurethane, rubber, etc.