Pink Bollworm Pectinophora Gossypiella Research Articles

Degree day-based model predicts pink bollworm phenology across geographical locations of subtropics and semi-arid tropics of India

There is a global concern about the effects of climate change driven shifts in species phenology on crop pests. Using geographically and temporally extensive data set of moth trap catches and temperatures across the cotton growing states of India, we predicted the phenology of cotton pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders). Our approach was centered on growing degree days (GDD), a measure of thermal accumulation that provides a mechanistic link between climate change and species’ phenology. The phenology change was predicted by calculating absolute error associated with DD and ordinal date, an alternative predictor of phenology, for peak moth abundance. Our results show that GDD outperformed the ordinal dates in predicting peak moth abundance in 6 out of 10 selected locations. Using established thresholds of 13.0/34.0 °C, mean DD accumulated between the consecutive moth peaks across different years were estimated at 504.05 ± 4.84. Seven generations were determined for pink bollworm in a cropping season, the length of which varied between 35 and 73 days in response to temperature. Pink bollworm population reached its peak during third generation which can be the target for management actions. The study provides essential information for developing pink bollworm management strategies under climate change.

Environmental friendly technique to control cotton pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella in Egypt

The cotton bollworms are major pests that reduce yield and quality of the growing cotton crop all over the world. (PBW) pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella onseder acommon injurious bollworms of cotton in Egypt, a field studies were performed to evaluate the management of mercantile bollworm pheromones and/with parasitoid Trichogramma evenecens, compared with recommended bollworms insecticides, carried out at El-Behira, governorate, Egypt, during two cotton seasons (2018 and 2019) to reduce the population’s density of (PBW) pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella. The obtained results revealed that the treatment of pheromones and/ with parasitoids induced real reduction of pink bollworm infestation (90%) followed by insecticide (88–87%) in both seasons respectively. Furthermore, the costly economic ratio of pheromones and/with parasitoids was less than insecticides and gave highest cotton yield. Specific friendly technique pheromones and/with parasitoids had good potential for providing effective protection system for Pink bollworm.

Bionomics of Pink Boll Worm Pectinophora Gossypiella (Saunders) on Cotton and its Alternate Hosts

A laboratory experiment was conducted at the Department of Entomology, PJTSAU, Hyderabad on bionomics of pink boll worm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) on cotton and other alternate hosts. Considerable variation in larval period on host plants was observed, with the shortest of 18.75± 1.40 days being when reared on okra fruits; and the maximum of24.90± 1.42 days being with Bt cotton. Generally, females lived longer than males on all the host plants, with fecundity being maximum on non Bt cotton (162.5± 10.60 eggs/female) followed by abutilon (132.5± 10.50), Bt cotton (128.5± 10.7) and okra (124.5± 10.90). Duration of lifecycle of female was longest on Bt cotton (47.00± 2.34 days) which was on par with that observed with non Bt cotton (45.70± 2.26 days); but this differed significantly from that observed with abutilon (43.85± 1.60 days) and okra (41.30± 1.75 days). The morphometrics revealed variations in larval, prepupal and pupal measurements- the life stages measure maximum when reared on non Bt cotton; and body size and wing span of female was larger than male. Body length of female was maximum when reared with non Bt cotton (7.17± 0.76 mm) which significantly differed from that obtained with Bt cotton (6.65± 1.43 mm), abutilon (6.59± 0.28 mm) and okra (6.60± 0.39 mm). Similarly, maximum wing span of 14.6± 1.09 mm was observed on non Bt cotton which was on par with okra (13.40± 0.54 mm) and Bt cotton (13.20± 1.27 mm) but significantly differed from abutilon (13.0± 0.17 mm).

Cadherin repeat 5 mutation associated with Bt resistance in a field-derived strain of pink bollworm

Evolution of resistance by pests reduces the benefits of transgenic crops that produce insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). Here we analyzed resistance to Bt toxin Cry1Ac in a field-derived strain of pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella), a global pest of cotton. We discovered that the r14 allele of the pink bollworm cadherin gene (PgCad1) has a 234-bp insertion in exon 12 encoding a mutant PgCad1 protein that lacks 36 amino acids in cadherin repeat 5 (CR5). A strain homozygous for this allele had 237-fold resistance to Cry1Ac, 1.8-fold cross-resistance to Cry2Ab, and developed from neonate to adult on Bt cotton producing Cry1Ac. Inheritance of resistance to Cry1Ac was recessive and tightly linked with r14. PgCad1 transcript abundance in midgut tissues did not differ between resistant and susceptible larvae. Toxicity of Cry1Ac to transformed insect cells was lower for cells expressing r14 than for cells expressing wild-type PgCad1. Wild-type PgCad1 was transported to the cell membrane, whereas PgCad1 produced by r14 was not. In larval midgut tissue, PgCad1 protein occurred primarily on the brush border membrane only in susceptible larvae. The results imply r14 mediates pink bollworm resistance to Cry1Ac by reduced translation, increased degradation, and/or mislocalization of cadherin.

Evaluation of scheduled sequential sprays of newer insecticides against pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) in cotton

Evaluation of scheduled sequential sprays of newer insecticides against pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) in cotton

Toxicological and Biological Effects of Jojoba and Flaxseed oils against Pink Bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.) and Spiny Bollworm Earias insulana (Boisd.)

Toxicity of Jojoba and Flax oils against laboratory strains of pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.) and spiny bollworm, Earias insulana (Boisd.) newly hatched larvae was tested. Moreover, influence of these oils on some biological parameters was studied. In current investigation, Jojoba oil proved as the most effective compound against the newly hatched larvae of P. gossypiella and E. insulana and LC50 values were 0.9770% and 8.2059% of Jojoba on both pests, respectively. Feeding neonate larvae of both insects on treated artificial diet withLC50 of tested oils led to a complex symptom which proved as higher prolongation for larval and pupa durations than the untreated check (control). Larval duration in P. gossypiella, reached 18.67, 19.67 &14.17 days for Jojoba, flax oil and control, respectively. However, for the pupal duration it reached 11.33, 12.67and 8.8days, in the same respectand this led to marked prolongation in the total immature stages. The resulted showed same performance for E. insulana. Significant reductions in the number of deposited eggs and hatched eggs by each female, which was developed after treating the larvae with the tested oils compared with the control.

AN OVERVIEW ON SUITABILITY OF ECO-FRIENDLY IPM APPROACH FOR MANAGEMENT OF BT-RESISTANCE IN PINK BOLLWORM ON COTTON

Pink Bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella) member of the family Gelechiidae is known to be among the most destructive insect pest of cotton, causing huge damage to the cotton seed as well as heavy loss in fiber quality of the crop. Its larvae are active feeder of the reproductive parts of cotton and conceal in the damaged bolls. Large scale cultivation of transgenic cotton that produces Cry1Ac resulted in development of resistance in pink bollworm against Cry1Ac. A single control tactic even chemical control remains ineffective for their management and all possible tactics are integrated for their effective control. For its monitoring Sex pheromone traps, PB Ropes and light traps are installed. Growing of non Bt refugia also play an effective role for the management of pink bollworm. Keeping in view, the importance of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is an ecofriendly and effective technique as compared with the use of conventional insecticidal technique.

Shared and Independent Genetic Basis of Resistance to Bt Toxin Cry2Ab in Two Strains of Pink Bollworm

Evolution of pest resistance threatens the benefits of crops genetically engineered to produce insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). Field populations of the pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella), a global pest of cotton, have evolved practical resistance to transgenic cotton producing Bt toxin Cry2Ab in India, but not in the United States. Previous results show that recessive mutations disrupting an autosomal ATP-binding cassette gene (PgABCA2) are associated with pink bollworm resistance to Cry2Ab in field-selected populations from India and in one lab-selected strain from the United States (Bt4-R2). Here we discovered that an independently derived, lab-selected Cry2Ab-resistant pink bollworm strain from the United States (BX-R) also harbors mutations that disrupt PgABCA2. Premature stop codons introduced by mis-splicing of PgABCA2 pre-mRNA were prevalent in field-selected larvae from India and in both lab-selected strains. The most common mutation in field-selected larvae from India was also detected in both lab-selected strains. Results from interstrain crosses indicate BX-R has at least one additional mechanism of resistance to Cry2Ab that does not involve PgABCA2 and is not completely recessive or autosomal. We conclude that recessive mutations disrupting PgABCA2 are the primary, but not the only, mechanism of resistance to Cry2Ab in pink bollworm.

Comparative Biology of Pink Bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella Saund. on Bt. and Non-Bt. Cotton

Effect of Bt. and non-Bt. cotton variety was investigated on biological parameters of pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella. In biological parameters, maximum larval duration of 4.5±0.07 days were recorded in the first instar on non-Bt. cotton and minimum 2.00±0.06 days in fourth larval instar on Bt. cotton. The larval weight was higher (20.24±1.74 mg) on non-Bt. and minimum on Bt. cotton (13.84±1.34 mg); meanwhile the maximum pupal weight of 23.46±0.55 mg was weighed on non-Bt. cotton and minimum 17.41±0.44 mg on Bt. cotton. A total period of 18.44±0.55 day’s adult female lived on non-Bt. cotton and15.44±0.43 on Bt. cotton. The overall maximum mean numbers of 119±1.99 eggs were observed on non-Bt. cotton as compared to Bt. cotton. Similarly, ovipositional rate was also higher (8.04±0.19 eggs/ female/day) on non-Bt. cotton. The maximum larval duration (11.36±0.30 days) was higher on non-Bt. cotton and minimum on Bt. cotton (8.03±0.43 days); meanwhile the maximum pupal period of 9.73±0.29 days were calculated on Bt. cotton and almost similar days of pupal period on non-Bt. cotton crop, respectively. The highest mortality percentage of all stages was found on Bt. cotton with maximum mortality percentage of 24.59% at 1st larval instar.

Widespread infestation of pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechidae) on Bt cotton in Central India: a new threat and concerns for cotton production

The pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saundars) (Lepidoptera: Gelechidae) has recently emerged as a serious menace on Bt cotton in India. Extensive roving surveys were conducted in 83 locations spread across 16 major cotton growing districts of Maharashtra State, India to assess the level of pink bollworm infestation in Bt cotton. The dynamics and severity of pink bollworm damage during the different stages of boll development (90–130 days of crop age) were assessed based on random sampling of green bolls, opened bolls and picked bolls per plant and number of locules damaged per boll. Survey results revealed a widespread infestation of pink bollworm on Bt cotton across the surveyed sites in a range of 40–95% which accounts for anticipated yield losses between 20 and 30%. A typical pattern of progressive increase in the level of pink bollworm infestation and intensification of locular damage with the advancement of the crop season was observed. The pink bollworm hitherto was supposed to be under control since the introduction of Bt cotton in India, now it appears to be widespread, especially on Bt cotton throughout the cotton growing areas of Maharashtra State which shares approximately 36% and 25% of the country’s cotton area and production, respectively. This article discusses the implications of serious outbreak of pink bollworm infestations in Bt cotton and also suggest measures necessary to mitigate its potential threat to Indian cotton production. The modulation of management practices aimed at manipulation of cotton cropping pattern being followed in the country in general and Maharashtra in particular could strengthen the management of pink bollworm populations effectively. We discuss the practicality of several management options aimed at achieving this goal.

Monitoring of cotton pink bollworm Pectinophora Gossypiella with nova agritech pheromone

An experiment was carried out during kharif, 2017 in cotton to evaluate the efficacy of Nova Agritech pheromone lure ((Z, Z)-7, 11-hexadecadienyl acetate, (Z, E)-7, 11-hexadecadienyl acetate) against the pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders). Results revealed that the catches of male moths started from September with a peak in the 3rd and 4th week of December. These preliminary observations with Nova Agritech pheromone lure suggest that it is an effective attractant for males and could be used for monitoring of populations.

Histological Effect of Bacillus thuringiensis Isolate against Pink Bollworm Larval Midgut, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.)

Experiments were conducted to assess the impact of Bacillus thuringiensis isolate against the midgut of larvae for pink bollworm (PBW) Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.). The data illustrated indicated that the LC50 value of the testedpotent isolate was 3.77 CFU/ml; the confidence limits at (95%) were 2.93- 4.91CFU/ml. In addition, LC90 value also determined and it obtained 44.23 CFU/ml. and its confidence limits at (95%) were 23.18- 149.70 CFU/ml. The effects of the bacterial isolate on the midgut of 4th larval instar of the pink bollworm,treated with LC50CFU/ml showed several histological changes some epithelial cells were disintegrated, vacuolated and their cell boundaries were destructed and separated from the basement membrane. The peritrophic membrane was also destructed and detached from the epithelial cells. In general, epithelium layer in untreated specimen was thicker than that in bacterial treated one. The mode and site of action of the active isolates on PBW larvae have been investigated with Transmission Electron Microscope. The Columnar epithelial cells of the midgut showed the muscle layer surrounding the basement membrane lost its normal appearance and degenerated. An increase of deeply infoldings of the basement membrane occurred and the mitochondria of the basal regions were transformed into a condensed form. Separation in columnar and goplet cells occurred and cleared scatting into the gut luman. Microvilli were disrupted showing non-altered appearance. Strong alterations of cytoplasmic structure and organelles occurred. Also, the cytoplasm was distinguished by numerous vacuoles and destroyed brush border. Fragmented chromatin inside the nucleus that has a terminal position destroyed the nucleus sheath.

Earliness index deters Pectinophora gossypiella incidence on advanced cultivars of Bt cotton

Pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella) is recognized as an important pest of cotton and can damage flowers and bolls of both Bt and non-Bt cultivars. Cry-1Ac in Bt cultivars is considered very effective in controlling lepidopterous larvae; therefore, the present study was carried out to investigate the impact of Cry1-Ac and the earliness index on the natural incidence of P. gossypiella at the Cotton Research Institute, Faisalabad. During 2015–2016, ten cultivars were used to determine the incidence of pink bollworm infestation. The experiment was repeated for 2 years. During the next year, Cry1-Ac and earliness traits of selected cultivars were also observed to determine their impact on pink bollworm. Correlation coefficient results regarding days to first flower (r value = 0.66) as well as the earliness index (r value = − 0.62) exhibited a strong association with pink bollworm, but Cry1-Ac had a weak association (r value = − 0.058) with pink bollworm. The coefficient of determination (R 2) explained that variability of pink bollworm due to Cry1-Ac, the earliness index, and days to first flower was 18.0, 38.5, and 43.5%, respectively. Principal component analysis results showed that the first two PCs expressed 87% of the total variability. Clusters made on the basis of the studied parameters revealed that clusters 2 and 3 comprised the cotton cultivars possessing earliness traits compared with cluster 1. Therefore, it can be concluded that the earliness index in cotton is an important component for the sustainable management of pink bollworm infestation, the need for which is endless to evade the pink bollworm problem in the era of climate change.

Resistance Monitoring of Emamectin Benzoate 5SG in Cotton Bollworms in Tamil Nadu

The median lethal dose (LD50) of emamectin benzoate 5SG when monitored against cotton pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella, it was found to be 0.4282 mg larva−1 for F1 generation and 0.1802 mg larva−1 for F9 generation. The LD95 was found to decrease from 3.3760 (F1) to 1.1564 mg larva−1 (F9). The susceptibility index to emamectin benzoate based on LD50 and LD95 was 2.37 and 3.03, respectively. With regard to number of generations required for 10-fold decrease in LD50, it was found to be 27. Considering the F9 populations as the most susceptible, the tentative discriminating dose was fixed as 1.1mg−1. Assessing the level of insecticide resistance as one time survey in summer cotton revealed that the % resistance of H. armigera in five districts ranged from 3.33 to 10.00. The highest resistance (10%) was observed at Coimbatore district. The survivability of fruit and shoot borer Earias vitella varied from 6.66 to 15.00% against emamectin benzoate, with Erode population being highly susceptible. The % survival of pink bollworm varied from 3.33 to 6.66% at 1.1μg larva−1.

Sequencing, de novo assembly and annotation of a pink bollworm larval midgut transcriptome.

BackgroundThe pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is one of the world’s most important pests of cotton. Insecticide sprays and transgenic cotton producing toxins of the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are currently used to manage this pest. Bt toxins kill susceptible insects by specifically binding to and destroying midgut cells, but they are not toxic to most other organisms. Pink bollworm is useful as a model for understanding insect responses to Bt toxins, yet advances in understanding at the molecular level have been limited because basic genomic information is lacking for this cosmopolitan pest. Here, we have sequenced, de novo assembled and annotated a comprehensive larval midgut transcriptome from a susceptible strain of pink bollworm.FindingsA de novo transcriptome assembly for the midgut of P. gossypiella was generated containing 46,458 transcripts (average length of 770 bp) derived from 39,874 unigenes. The size of the transcriptome is similar to published midgut transcriptomes of other Lepidoptera and includes up to 91 % annotated contigs. The dataset is publicly available in NCBI and GigaDB as a resource for researchers.ConclusionsFoundational knowledge of protein-coding genes from the pink bollworm midgut is critical for understanding how this important insect pest functions. The transcriptome data presented here represent the first large-scale molecular resource for this species, and may be used for deciphering relevant midgut proteins critical for xenobiotic detoxification, nutrient digestion and allocation, as well as for the discovery of protein receptors important for Bt intoxication.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13742-016-0130-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Comparative Toxicity of Some Insecticides Against Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) and Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens)

Comparative toxicity of four insecticides against the pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) as well as the predacious insect, Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) were evaluated under laboratory conditions. Field recommended concentrations of the tested insecticides were used in this study. For P. gossypiella, the ovicidal action of the tested insecticides revealed that the three days old eggs were more effective than the one day eggs with the exception of Dimilin treatment where the one day old eggs showed slightly more susceptible than three days old eggs. Concerning one day old eggs, the highest ovicidal activity was noticed in case of Dimilin treatment where the eggs hatchability exhibited 82.61% with reduction of 9.67% compared with untreated eggs, whereas, Axon insecticide caused the highest ovicidal effect on three days old eggs where the corresponding eggs hatchability recorded 77.33% with reduction of 16.07% compared with the untreated eggs. On the other hand Spintor showed the least effect on one and three days old eggs. The corresponding eggs hatchability were 89.47 and 88.00% with reduction rate of 2.17 and 4.49%, while the eggs hatchability rates in untreated eggs one and three days old were 91.45 and 92.14%; respectively. The same trend of the ovicidal activity associated to the exposure of one and three days old eggs of the predatory insect to the tested insecticides. Whereas the ovicidal action was much remarkable higher in case of the predatory insect eggs than the pink bollworm eggs. According the effect of tested insecticides on the pupal stage of the pink bollworm and the predatory insect and their latent effect on the biotic potential of the two target organisms, Axon was the superior insecticide against one and three days old pupae of the two targets. Followed by Dimilin against one and three days old pupae C. carnea. Dimilin showed the highest latent effect on the pink bollworm male adult and lowest latent effect on the female adult resulted from the two aged pupae. Spintor and Pasha caused lowest latent effect on C. carnea adult emergence. Axon and Dimilin showed highest latent effect on both P. gossypiella and C. carnea egg hatchability.

Viable mass production method for cotton pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders)

Cotton seed based artificial diet has been standardized for continuous rearing of pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) at the Central Institute for Cotton Research, Regional Station, Coimbatore. The ingredients of the diet are easily available and are cost effective. Basic ingredients of the diet are cotton seed flour (processed) and chick pea flour, Carbohydrate, Protein, Fat sources, multi vitamin, antimicrobial agents and agar as thickening agent are used as other ingredients. Micro centrifuge tubes with lid were used as rearing containers. Individual neonate larvae were released on each piece of the diet inside the micro centrifuge tube and the lids were closed. This prevented larval escape, retaining them inside the tubes and also prevented diet dehydration. The recovery of insect reared on diet was recorded as 95.56%. Egg hatchability and adult emergence were 100% while pupal malformation was nil. Eggs, larval and pupal periods were recorded as 4.8±0.632, 25.10±0.994 and 7.9±0.88days, respectively. Larval and pupal weights were recorded as 21.40mg±3.63, 18.00mg±2.73, respectively.

Biochemical , Histological Studies of Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.) Viral Infected Larvae Supported by Scanning Electron Microscope Inspections

A lot of pink bollworm (PBW) Pectinophora gossypiella full grown larvae were excluded from cotton bolls collected from Sakha, Kafr El-Shiekh Governorate, Egypt. Larvae were transferred to laboratory of Bollworms Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, ARC, Dokki, Giza. The healthy appearance PBW larvae were placed individually in sterilized glass tubes (2x7cm) plugged with cotton wool under room conditions and observed 2 times/ week. Infected larvae with baculuviruses (NPV & GV) were collected. Present study clarified and discussed the pathogenicity of baculuviruses against PBW resting larvae in many views (appearance, histology and biochemistry). Results indicated that, the activation of PBW chitinase (CHT) at the resting period enhances the insecticidal activity of latent baculuviruses. So that the baculuviruses overcome apoptosis and prevent ecdysis of PBW resting larvae. And the scanning electron microscope and histology micrographs revealed the appearances of this infection as external scleroticzation, shrinking, swelling and internal degradation of P. gossypiella organs Furthermore, the biochemical analysis revealed decrease activity of larval chitinase with increase activity of both N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and phenoloxidase. However, the utilizing of these epizootic baculuviruses as microbial control agents still need more studies of insect immune, insecticidal evaluation, molecular biology and environmental safety.

Effect of six cotton varieties and genotypes on natural mortality percentage of diapaused larvae of pink bollworm pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.) in subsequent of cotton and rate of infestation in the subsequent year

Effect of six cotton varieties and genotypes on natural mortality percentage of diapaused larvae of pink bollworm pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.) in subsequent of cotton and rate of infestation in the subsequent year

TOXICOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF BACTERIA, Bacillus thuringiensis KURSTAKI ON Pectinophora gossypiella (SAUND.), AND ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI, Beauveria bassiana ON Earias insulana (BOISD.)

Laboratory studies were conducted for evaluate the effect of Dipel 2×, (Bacillus thuringiensis Kurstaki) against pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.),and Biover® (Beauveria bassiana) (Balsamo) against spiny bollworm, Earias insulana (Boisd.).The accumulated mortalities of both pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella and spiny bollworm, Earias insulana larvae, after six days of treatment, were represented as the acute toxicity were, Dipel 2× attained 17.18±0.63 % larval mortality at 32×106IU concentration against P. gossypiella larvae while Biover® resulted in 15.55±0.59% larval mortality against Earias insulana larvae comparing with 0.00% larval mortality in untreated check. At the same time the tested biocide Btk (Dipel 2×) caused different influences on all biological aspects of pink bollworm which decreasing larval duration, pupal weight, pupation percentage, adult emergence, oviposition periods, adult longevity, female fecundity decreased strongly which recorded 149.75±5.23 egg/female comparing with that 362.00±2.31 egg/female in untreated check. The tested biocide Btk (Dipel 2×) also decreasing hatchability percentage that exhibited 73.16±1.15 % as compared with 88.09±0.57 % that achieved in untreated check. Also, results cleared that the effect of Biover® fungi attained decreasing in all biological aspects, except the male and female longevity and oviposition periods compared with untreated check. Female fecundity was moderately influenced when spiny bollworm larvae treated by Biover® that achieved 60.33±11.66 eggs compared with 78.33±5.78 eggs laid /female deposited by check females. Hatchability percentage of spiny bollworm also decreased vigorously which attained 41.12±6.45% as compared with that 82.33±7.51% in untreated once.