The carbon trading market is widely recognized as a crucial tool in the effort to combat climate change and alleviate greenhouse gas emissions. It is essential to evaluate its effectiveness in implementation. To achieve this aim, we utilized the Differences-in-Differences (DID) method to analyze carbon emission data spanning from 2007 to 2020 across various provinces in China. The primary objective is to empirically investigate the impact of China's carbon emissions trading mechanism on regional carbon emissions. Results show that the implementation of the carbon emissions trading mechanism has played a positive role in reducing carbon emissions. The research identifies a significant positive correlation between the level of economic development (GDP) and foreign direct investment (FDI) with carbon emissions. Additionally, there is a positive association between the volume of proposals addressing environmental issues and carbon emissions. In summary, this study provides valuable insights into the effectiveness of China's carbon emissions trading mechanism, offering important lessons for future policy development and the optimization of the carbon market.