Piezoelectric Nanocomposites Research Articles

Hyaluronic acid-covered piezoelectric nanocomposites as tumor microenvironment modulators for piezoelectric catalytic therapy of melanoma

Increasing the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reducing the elimination of ROS are the two main objectives in the development of novel inorganic sonosensitizers for use in sonodynamic therapy (SDT). Therefore, BTO–Pd–MnO2–HA nanocomplexes with targeted tumor cells and degradable oxygen-producing shells were designed as piezoelectric sonosensitizers for enhancing SDT. The deposition of palladium particles (Pd NPs) leads to the formation of Schottky junctions, promoting the separation of electron–hole pairs and thereby increasing the efficiency of toxic ROS generation in SDT. The tumor microenvironment (TME) triggers the degradation of MnO2, and the released Mn2+ ions catalyze the generation of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) from H2O2 through a Fenton-like reaction. BTO–Pd–MnO2–HA can continuously consume glutathione (GSH) and generate O2, thereby improving the efficiency of SDT and chemodynamic therapy (CDT). A multistep enhanced SDT process mediated by the piezoelectric sonosensitizers BTO–Pd–MnO2–HA was designed, targeted by hyaluronic acid (HA), activated by decomposition in TME, and amplified by deposition of Pd. This procedure not only presents a new alternative for the improvement of sonosensitizers but also widens the application of piezoelectric nanomaterials in biomedicine.

Extended mean-field homogenization of unidirectional piezoelectric nanocomposites with generalized Gurtin-Murdoch interfaces

This paper presents for the first time an extended Mori-Tanaka approach aimed at identifying the little-explored piezoelectric response of unidirectional nanoporous composites with energetic surfaces. The interface is simulated using the generalized Gurtin-Murdoch coherent interface model considering nonvanishing in-plane surface stress and surface electric displacement. The analytical solutions for Eshelby’s inhomogeneity problems are obtained by solving four systems of equations, generated from the known macroscopic electromechanical loading conditions. The dilute concentration tensors for the fiber and energetic surface are evaluated exactly for coupled electromechanical fields, which are then utilized in the extended multiphysics Mori-Tanaka homogenization scheme. The reliability and accuracy of the extended theory are demonstrated through an extensive comparison with the predictions of the composite cylinder assemblage (CCA), the generalized self-consistent method (GSCM), as well as the finite-element (FE) homogenization technique. New results generated in this work demonstrate that, except for the transverse shear modulus, the extended Mori-Tanaka, CCA, and FE provide indistinguishable results under axisymmetric, axial shear, and electric loading, even at high volume fractions and small pore sizes where the surface piezoelectric effects are significant.

Flexible Pressure Sensor Based on Tetrapod-Shaped ZnO-PDMS Piezoelectric Nanocomposites

A flexible pressure sensor with co-planar electrodes was fabricated based on piezoelectric nanocomposites by the combination of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) base polymer with zinc oxide (ZnO) nanotetrapods (ZNTs) fillers. ZNTs were synthesized by an oxidation process of Zn powder at different temperatures over 900 °C in air, and its crystallinity and structural morphology could be controlled effectively by the growth temperature based on scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and photoluminescence spectroscopy analyses. The effects of the growth temperature and filler concentration of ZNTs on the piezoelectric properties of the nanocomposite sensors were investigated. The sensors exhibit a good linear response to external pressure less than 14 N, and the sensitivity increases with the increase of the growth temperature and ZNTs filler concentration due to the improvement in the crystallinity, the aspect ratio of T-arms, and the interconnectivity between ZNTs/ZNTs interfaces in the nanocomposite film. The sensor can be employed to detect human movements such as bending/stretching motions of fingers and the vibration of vocal cords. It is demonstrated that the sensor has potential applications in hand gesture and speech recognition.

Dynamically evolving piezoelectric nanocomposites for antibacterial and repair-promoting applications in infected wound healing

Wound healing from bacterial infections is one of the major challenges in the biomedical field. The traditional single administration methods are usually accompanied with side effects or unsatisfactory efficacy. Herein, we design dynamically evolving antibacterial and repair-promoting nanocomposites (NCs) by in situ self-assembling of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) on the surface of barium titanate (BTO), and further loading with a small amount of ciprofloxacin (CIP). The new strategy of combining pH-stimulated drug delivery and ultrasound-controlled sonodyamics has the potential to dynamically evolve in infected wound sites, offering a multifunctional therapy. In vitro study demonstrates that the enhancement generation of reactive oxygen species through the sonodynamic process due to the heterostructures and a small amount of CIP released in an acidic environment are synergistically antibacterial, and the inhibition rate was >99.9%. In addition, reduced sonodynamic effect and Zn2+ generated along with the gradual degradation of ZIF-8 simultanously promote cell migration and tissue regeneration. The invivo study of full-thickness skin wounds in mouse models demonstrate a healing rate of 99.3% could be achieved under the treatment of BTO@ZIF-8/CIP NCs. This work provides a useful improvement in rational design of multi-stimulus-responsive nanomaterials for wound healing. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: A novel piezoelectric nanocomposite was proposed to realize sonodynamic therapy and pH-stimulated drug releasing simultaneously in wound healing treatment. The dynamically evolving structure of the piezoelectric nanocomposite in acidic microenvironment has been theoretically and experimentally verified to contribute to a continuous variation of sonodymanic strength, which accompanied with the gradual releasing of drug and biocompatible Zn2+effectively balanced antibacterial and repair-promoting effects. Both of the in vitro and in vivo study demonstrated that the strategy could significantly accelerate wound healing, inspiring researchers to optimize the design of multi-stimulus-responsive nanomaterials for various applications in biomedical and biomaterial fields.

Design of Flexible Piezoelectric Nanocomposite for Energy Harvesters: A Review

Piezoelectric materials that can effectively convert natural mechanical energy into electrical energy without time and space constraints have been widely applied for energy harvesting and conversion. The piezocomposites with high piezoelectricity and flexibility have shown great promise for renewable electric energy generation that can power implantable and wearable electronics. This minireview aims to summarize the recent progress of the piezocomposites with different composite structures, as well as the role of the theoretical understandings and designs in the development of new piezoelectric nanogenerator materials. Thereinto, the most common composite structural types (0-3, 1-3, and 3-3) have been discussed systematically. Several strategies for high output performance of piezocomposites are also proposed on the basis of current experimental and simulation results. Finally, the review concludes with perspectives on the future design of flexible piezoelectric nanocomposites for energy harvesters.

A review on fabrication and in vivo applications of piezoelectric nanocomposites for energy harvesting

BackgroundEnergy-based piezoelectric nanocomposites have received a great deal of attention due to their wide range of applications in electronics, sensors, actuators, and tissue engineering. Polymeric piezoelectric nanocomposites have good mechanical flexibility, lower manufacturing cost, suitable output voltage, and fast processing compared to ceramic based composites. MethodsIn this paper a comprehensive review is conducted on the polymer-based nanocomposites that exhibit the piezoelectric effect. The most important fabrication strategies for piezoelectric polymer nanocomposites and the in vivo applications of these materials are investigated in this paper. The challenges/limitations associated with synthesis and preparation techniques of these materials are mentioned. Finally, a road map for future studies is provided. Significant findingsIt was found that piezoelectric nanocomposites are characterized with greater functionality for harvesting energy from unwanted mechanical vibration sources and in vivo movements. In general, commercialization and market growth of piezoelectric nanocomposites are highly related to two important factors, including enhancement in energy performance of related systems to match with the need and cost decrease to compete with traditional piezo-ceramics. As a result, it can be concluded that the electrospun piezoelectric nanocomposites are appropriate candidates for in vivo applications due to their high surface-to-volume ratio, sufficient porosity, high electrical properties, and biocompatibility.

Study on relaxor polymer interface matrix for piezoelectric nanocomposite generators

Piezoelectric nanocomposites consisting of a polymer matrix and ceramic fillers are candidate components of flexible, wearable, and self-powered electronic devices. The physical discrepancy between ferroelectric polymers and ceramics in a piezoelectric interface makes it difficult to assemble efficient hybrid piezoelectric nanocomposites without polarization and extraneous artifacts. Here, we describe the effect of a relaxor ferroelectric terpolymer matrix on the piezoelectric output, which can enhance the energy harvesting or sensor performance of piezoelectric composite device of nanocomposite generators with filler nanoparticles of lead zirconium titanate. The dielectric property and reduced ferroelectric hindrance of the proposed terpolymer matrix provides more poling to align the polarization of piezoelectric ceramic fillers compared with a normal ferroelectric copolymer matrix. Therefore, relaxor ferroelectric polymers can be better than normal ferroelectric polymers as the matrix of hybrid polymer-ceramic piezoelectric nanocomposite. This research provides important physical information about the interface between a polymer matrix and ceramic fillers in flexible piezoelectric nanocomposite applications.

Melt-stretched poly(vinylidene fluoride)/zinc oxide nanocomposite films with enhanced piezoelectricity by stress concentrations in piezoelectric domains for wearable electronics

Till date, fabrication of polymeric-inorganic piezoelectric nanocomposites with enhanced piezoelectricity is considered a potential solution for future high-performance flexible sensing devices. Herein, we report the preparation of poly(vinylidene fluoride)/zinc oxide (PVDF/ZnO) piezoelectric nanocomposite films via a combined approach of adding nanofillers, irradiation crosslinking and melt stretching. The melt-stretched film contains closely aligned β-phase nanofibrils with a high content (>90 % of the crystalline phase) serving as piezoelectric domains. Meanwhile, the incorporation of ZnO nanoparticles creates stress concentrations, promoting the piezoelectric response of β-nanofibrils and also the stress-induced polarization under loading. As a result, the film displays not only a superior mechanical strength (>100 MPa), but also largely enhanced piezoelectric output performance after poling, including wide response range, high sensibility to weak force and excellent working durability (>10,000 cycles). The optimal film with ZnO content of 5 wt% has a pressure sensitivity of ∼ 1.7 V/kPa under 0–1 kPa, almost twice that (∼0.8 V/kPa) of the pure PVDF without nanofillers. With the outstanding piezoelectric properties, potential applications of film as a flexible wearable sensor in monitoring human motions and subtle physiological signals are demonstrated. The results provide a new melt processing strategy that is easily scalable for developing high-performance PVDF-based piezoelectric nanocomposite films towards wearable electronics.

Dramatically enhanced energy harvesting capability in sandwich-structure modulated piezoelectric nanocomposites

Piezoelectric energy harvesting devices (PEHs) offer great potential for diverse electronic applications. However, it is still a great challenge to well combine appropriate mechanical strength and high output performance in composite-type PEHs. Herein, the sandwich-structured composite-type PEHs for high-output mechanical energy harvesting using piezoelectric Barium titanate nanoparticles and poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) copolymers matrix is reported. By intentionally modulating the distribution of piezoelectric nanoparticles in polymer matrix, a highest output of ∼60 V (open-circuit voltage), and ∼65 μW/cm3 (power density at load resistance of 50 MΩ), respectively, was obtained. Via mechanical property and energy harvesting capability quantification, the dramatically improved energy harvesting capability is determined to be stemmed from the stress-enforcement in embedded piezoelectric nanoparticles and optimized piezoelectric response. Besides, the device presents a sufficient mechanical durability, which endows it the ability for long time stable operation. This work sheds light on a universal strategy for fabricating high-performance composite-type PEHs by constructing a gradient distribution of piezoelectric active nanoparticles in polymer matrix.

Flexoelectricity on the photovoltaic and pyroelectric effect and ferroelectric memory of 3D-printed BaTiO3/PVDF nanocomposite

Ferroelectric memories show great potential in applications of portable electronics due to low power consumption, high reliability and fast response speed. Therefore, non-destructive readout of ferroelectric memories using the ferroelectric photovoltaic effect attracted tremendous research attention. In this investigation, flexoelectric-enhanced photovoltaic effect (FPV effect) were systematically investigated in curved 3D-printed BaTiO3/PVDF composite films. In the bending process, a strain gradient field was formed between the BaTiO3 (BTO) particles, which led to a relatively large flexoelectric effect. Compared with that of pristine PVDF, the flexoelectric coefficient of BTO/PVDF-15 (15% BTO) was increased 3.7-fold to 2.65 × 10−9 C/m. Furthermore, we found that the photovoltaic current Ipv of the BTO/PVDF-15 (15% BTO) composite film increased by 3.4 times compared with the pristine PVDF film at the same curvature. This is mainly attributed to the FPV effect. In addition, “polarization channels” were found for the first time inside nanocomposite materials using the flexoelectricity effect through 2D phase-field simulations, and the channels can be artificially controlled by simply bending the film. Most importantly, the BTO/PVDF-based composite film was designed as flexible ferroelectric memories. We demonstrated for the first time that the intensity difference of the signal for 0 and 1 of the BTO/PVDF-based memories were more than 10 times, which can be read directly using a laser. This investigation shows great promise that flexoelectricity in piezoelectric polymer nanocomposite can greatly benefit the nondestructive readout of ferroelectric memory devices.

Stretchable polymer-modulated PVDF-HFP/TiO2 nanoparticles-based piezoelectric nanogenerators for energy harvesting and sensing applications

Since piezoelectric materials can convert mechanical pressure applied to them to electrical impulses and vice versa, they are unequivocally referred to as smart materials. Among such class of materials, the polymer-based piezoelectric nanocomposites are widely used to transfer mechanical energy from vibrations, human motion, mechanical loads, and other sources into electrical energy for flexible low-power devices. We devised a facile strategy of polymer modulation (5 wt%, 10 wt%, and 15 wt%) in PVDF-HFP-based nanogenerators with a fixed 10 wt% TiO2 nanofiller concentration, employing ultrasonication assisted solution casting technique. The intense vibrational peak validated the enhancement in β-phase nucleation at 1229 cm−1 in PT-10 nanocomposite film using FTIR studies. The PT-10 film had a maximum capacitance of 9.7 pF when subjected to a force of 0.5 N, attributed to the Maxwell-Wagner (MW) interfacial polarization between the TiO2 nanofiller and PVDF-HFP matrix and its dielectric saturation was in accordance with the Kalayeh-Charalambides model. The PT-10 based piezoelectric nanogenerator had the highest piezoelectric voltage responses in all the different mechanical modes (tapping, bending, and stretching motions), with a peak voltage of 9.69 V in the case of repetitive finger-tapping motions. The nanogenerator was also utilized to generate 2.22 V from human blood circulation. The polymer-modulated strategy can thus be an effective way to design and tune piezoelectric nanogenerators for powering biomedical sensors and other low-power consumer devices.

Enhanced energy harvesting performances of flexible piezoelectric nanocomposite based on CNTs@PZT nanofibers network

Flexible organic/inorganic piezoelectric nanocomposites are highly demanded for flexible wearable electronic devices due to their excellent mechanical flexibility and high piezoelectric performance. However, the output performance of ceramic-polymer-based piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) is restricted by the poor electrical conductivity of the organic matrix and the distinct discrepancy in mechanical strength between inorganic filler and organic matrix. Herein, we propose a flexible piezoelectric polymer nanocomposite based on CNTs@PZT nanofibers (NFs) network where the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were introduced into the piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) NFs to simultaneously improve the electrical conductivity and mechanical strength of nanocomposites. When subjected to a periodical bending deformation, the CNTs@PZT NFs network-based PENG with optimal addition of CNTs (0.6 wt%) generates a maximum electrical output up to ∼12.5 V and ∼80 nA cm−2 which is four times higher than that of PENGs without CNTs doping. An ultrahigh power density of 91.7 nW cm−2 is obtained with an external load resistance of 40 MΩ when pressed via a 10 N compressive force, and furthermore, the generated power could charge a capacitor and further light a commercial LED. This work may pave a new way for the development of high-output nanocomposite-type PENGs.

Multi-material fused filament fabrication of flexible 3D piezoelectric nanocomposite lattices for pressure sensing and energy harvesting applications

Flexible three-dimensional (3D) piezoelectric sensors and energy harvesters are in great demand for wireless and low power consumption human health monitors, artificial skins and soft robots. In this work, a multi-material fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printing technique is used to fabricate 3D piezoelectric and flexible nanocomposite structures with integrated electrodes by utilizing a developed piezoelectric nanocomposite filament and a commercially available conductive nanocomposite filament. The developed piezoelectric nanocomposite filament consists of flexible polyurethane (TPU) matrix and 30 vol% (maximum allowable content) of piezoelectric ceramic lead zirconate titanate (PZT) nanoparticle fillers. The fabricated and poled TPU/30vol%PZT piezoelectric nanocomposite has an elongation at break strain ∼56% and a d33 value 6.8 pC/N. Four types of 3D piezoelectric nanocomposite lattices including simple cubic, body-centered cubic, cuboctahedron and octet truss are fabricated and tested along with a fully dense solid counterepart. Under the same maximum applied compressive force, the octet truss piezoelectric nanocomposite lattice generates two times higher voltage output than the fully dense solid counterpart. As a demonstration for the potential applications, a multi-material 3D printed flexible piezoelectric nanocomposite shoe sole made of the octet truss infill pattern can generate a peak-to-peak voltage (Vpp) ∼20 V through a typical human stomp. Our approach can open a new avenue for design and manufacturing of flexible piezoelectric devices for sensing and energy harvesting applications.

Stretchable nanofibers of polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF)/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanocomposite to support piezoelectric response via mechanical elasticity

Interest in piezoelectric nanocomposites has been vastly growing in the energy harvesting field. They are applied in wearable electronics, mechanical actuators, and electromechanical membranes. In this research work, nanocomposite membranes of different blend ratios from PVDF and TPU have been synthesized. The PVDF is responsible for piezoelectric performance where it is one of the promising polymeric organic materials containing β-sheets, to convert applied mechanical stress into electric voltage. In addition, the TPU is widely used in the plastic industry due to its superior elasticity. Our work investigates the piezoresponse analysis for different blending ratios of PVDF/TPU. It has been found that TPU blending ratios of 15–17.5% give higher output voltage at different stresses conditions along with higher piezosensitivity. Then, TPU addition with its superior mechanical elasticity can partially compensate PVDF to enhance the piezoelectric response of the PVDF/TPU nanocomposite mats. This work can help reducing the amount of added PVDF in piezoelectric membranes with enhanced piezo sensitivity and mechanical elasticity.

Optimizing Piezoelectric Nanocomposites by High‐Throughput Phase‐Field Simulation and Machine Learning (Adv. Sci. 13/2022)

Optimizing Piezoelectric Nanocomposites In article number 2105550, Tiannan Yang, Zhao Kang, Long-Qing Chen, Yuanjie Su, Zijian Hong, and co-workers conduct an integrated study with high-throughput phase-field simulations and machine learning to systematically reveal the influence of morphology and spatial orientation of an oxide filler on the effective piezoelectric properties of the polymer/ferroelectric oxide nanocomposites.

The highly effective therapy of ovarian cancer by Bismuth-doped oxygen-deficient BaTiO3 with enhanced sono-piezocatalytic effects

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the leading cause of death of gynecological malignancy. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) with high penetration ability and minimal invasion is considered a safe method to eliminate deep OC. The development of highly efficient sonosensitizers warrants the successful application of SDT. This work proposed an oxygen-deficient piezoelectric nanocomposite (Bismuth doped oxygen-deficient BaTiO3) as a novel sonosensitizer. The oxygen defect engineering decreased the band gap, and Schottky junction modified by Bismuth(Bi) nanoparticles prompted the transfer and separation of charge carriers and inhibited the recombination under ultrasound irradiation. The in vitro results demonstrated that the Bi doped oxygen-deficient BaTiO3 could significantly increase the apoptosis of tumor cells because of its high efficiency in generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). RNA sequencing further proved that its antitumor activity might be achieved through the extracellular matrix disassembly pathway. The in vivo study demonstrated that Bi doped oxygen-deficient BaTiO3 could achieve high SDT efficiency for OC therapy.

Enhanced poling efficiency via a maximized organic-inorganic interfacial effect for water droplet-driven energy harvesting

Piezoelectric fluoropolymers that can convert mechanical energy to electricity have attracted intensive attention in sustainable power sources for microelectronics. However, in order to achieve high energy conversion efficiency in fluoropolymers, an electrical poling under a high electric field is an unavoidable high energy-consumption process. Herein, we demonstrated the enhanced poling efficiency in nanocomposite made of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) and porous BaTiO3 nanofibers (BT NFs). The high specific surface area of porous BT NFs maximized the P(VDF-TrFE)-BT interfacial region, which produces rapid reorientation of dipole moments under electric field; this behavior effectively improved the poling efficiency of the piezoelectric nanocomposite. Subsequently, we fabricated an flexible piezoelectric nanocomposite generator (PNCG), which generated an open-circuit voltage of ~13.1 V and a short-circuit current of ~2.0 μA with a relatively low electric field of 200 kV cm−1. Furthermore, the PNCG is realized in a real-world environment and generates sufficient power to charge a commercial capacitor by harvesting mechanical energy from falling water droplets. This work provides a low-energy consumption pathway for developing high-performance piezoelectric devices for practical applications.

Electromechanical characterization and kinetic energy harvesting of piezoelectric nanocomposites reinforced with glass fibers

Piezoelectric composites are a significant research field because of their excellent mechanical flexibility and sufficient stress-induced voltage. Furthermore, due to the widespread use of the Internet of Things (IoT) in recent years, small-sized piezoelectric composites have attracted a lot of attention. Also, there is an urgent need to develop evaluation methods for these composites. This paper evaluates the piezoelectric and mechanical properties of potassium sodium niobate (KNN)-epoxy and KNN-glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites using a modified small punch (MSP) and nanoindentation tests in addition to d33 measurements. An analytical solution for the piezoelectric composite thin plate under bending was obtained for the determination of the bending properties. Due to the glass fiber inclusion, the bending strength increased by about four times, and Young's modulus in the length direction increased by approximately two times (more than that of the KNN-epoxy); however, in the thickness direction, Young's modulus decreased by less than half. An impact energy harvesting test was then performed on the KNN-epoxy and KNN-GFRP composites. As a result, the output voltage of KNN-GFRP was larger than that of KNN-epoxy. Also, the output voltage was about 2.4 V with a compressive stress of 0.2 MPa, although the presence of the glass fibers decreased the piezoelectric constants. Finally, damped flexural vibration energy harvesting test was carried out on the KNN-epoxy and KNN-GFRP composites. The KNN-epoxy was broken during the test, however KNN-GFRP composite with a load resistance of 10 MΩ generated 35 nJ of energy. Overall, through this work, we succeeded in developing piezoelectric energy harvesting composite materials that can withstand impact and bending vibration using glass fibers and also established a method for evaluating the electromechanical properties with small test specimen.

Optimizing Piezoelectric Nanocomposites by High-Throughput Phase-Field Simulation and Machine Learning.

Piezoelectric nanocomposites with oxide fillers in a polymer matrix combine the merit of high piezoelectric response of the oxides and flexibility as well as biocompatibility of the polymers. Understanding the role of the choice of materials and the filler‐matrix architecture is critical to achieving desired functionality of a composite towards applications in flexible electronics and energy harvest devices. Herein, a high‐throughput phase‐field simulation is conducted to systematically reveal the influence of morphology and spatial orientation of an oxide filler on the piezoelectric, mechanical, and dielectric properties of the piezoelectric nanocomposites. It is discovered that with a constant filler volume fraction, a composite composed of vertical pillars exhibits superior piezoelectric response and electromechanical coupling coefficient as compared to the other geometric configurations. An analytical regression is established from a linear regression‐based machine learning model, which can be employed to predict the performance of nanocomposites filled with oxides with a given set of piezoelectric coefficient, dielectric permittivity, and stiffness. This work not only sheds light on the fundamental mechanism of piezoelectric nanocomposites, but also offers a promising material design strategy for developing high‐performance polymer/inorganic oxide composite‐based wearable electronics.

Carbon nanofiber-polyelectrolyte triggered piezoelectric polymer-based hydrophilic nanocomposite for high sensing voltage generation

Flexible electronic devices with flexible sensors have drawn enormous attention due to their wide variety of applications, such as wearable health monitoring devices, bendable touch screens, flexible storage devices, artificial skins, etc. However, the mechanical and electrical performance of devices should be enhanced by new materials design or an innovative device structure to fulfill the requirements for such applications. Here, a poly(vinylidenefluoride) (PVDF) piezoelectric polymer-based hydrophilic nanocomposite (PHNC) sensing membrane using carbon nanofibers (CNF) and poly-acrylamido-methyl-propane-sulfonic acid (PAMPS) polyelectrolyte exhibiting enhanced mechanical and electrical performance is demonstrated. The hydrophilic PAMPS intruded in the PVDF/CNF composition, triggering microstructural changes and facilitating a strong polar β-phase PVDF formation. A dc conductivity of 0.43 S/cm and high electric current density (3.64 μA/cm2) were achieved from PVDF/CNF/PAMPS (80/2/18) PHNC. The piezoelectric performance of the PHNC was investigated for several bending cycles, and it generates the maximum peak output voltage up to 3.65 V under the repeated bending-releasing test procedure. A wearable sensor application is demonstrated by exposing it to different human body movements. During finger motion and elbow movements, the developed PHNC generated piezoelectric maximum peak output voltage up to 3.58 V at a bending angle of 180° for finger motion and 2.2 V for elbow movement. The fabricated PHNC are highly flexible and exhibit outstanding reproducibility and reliability, making them ideal for energy harvesting, the self-powered sensor in wearable electronic devices, electronic skin (e-skin), and soft robotics applications.