Picture Of Nature Research Articles

Az elveszett paradicsom. A vidéki táj és vidéki élet ábrázolása a somogyi képzőművészetben a 20. század első felében I.

The depiction of Hungarian village and rural life ap-peared as a motif of outstanding significance in 20th-century painting. The representation of the hungarian village and ru-ral life appeared as an outstanding motif in the 20th century painting. The variations in the appearance of the topic are closely related to the transformations of Hungarian society in the 20th century (vagy 20th century helyett:era). The focus is on each in artistic oeuvres to depict the rural sites of civic life and to the myth of a peasant living in harmony with nature and folklorization, elsewhere a new, pantheistic one falls to cre-ate a picture of nature. In the artistic oeuvres the focus was on the representation of the civil life’s rural locations, on the myth of peasants who live in harmony with nature, more on their folklrisation and elsewhere on a new, pantheistic nature-picture creation. In the first half of the 20th century, this idyll dominates in pictorial expressions describing the concept of rurality. In the first part of the study, different variations of the depictions of the rural idyll appearing in the art of Somogy are reviewed, especially focusing on the art of József Rippl-Rónai. In the first half of the study, the different variations of rural idyll’s depictions in Somogy’s art are reviewed, espe-cially focused on József Rippl-Rónai’s works.

Professional training of future teachers of biologists in studying the discipline «Evolutionary Teaching»

The article analyzes the curriculum for the discipline «Evolutionary Teaching» for future teachers of biologists at the SHEI «Pereiaslav-Khmelnytskyi Hryhoriy Skovoroda State Pedagogical University». The author points out the main tasks that future teachers of biologists are facing – methodological, cognitive and practical. The main themes of the course «Evolutionary Teaching» are described and the detailed description of the key topics of the lecture material is given. Pay attention to the mechanisms of disclosure of the material. The essence of the evolutionary doctrine, which lies in the interdisciplinary scientific field, combines research on molecular biology, genetics, biology of development, botany, zoology, ecology, anthropology, biogeography and paleontology.The author examines in detail the main professional competencies that are formed during the study of the key topics that manifest themselves in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of conservation and implementation of genetic information in organisms, analysis of the results of the interaction of living organisms of different levels of organization, their role in biospheric processes and the possibility of use in various fields of the economy, and environmental protection. It has been established that this course is one of the key ones, as in the process of its study students are significantly exposed to creativity in expressing their own thoughts; they independently predict the possible further development and change of living organisms in anthropogenic transformations, successfully make conclusions and formulate appropriate conclusions. It is noted that during the study of this course, the future teachers of biologists are formed by the professional ability to apply the acquired knowledge of the subject field for the formation of students general and substantive competences and a holistic natural science picture of the world through intersubject connections with physics, biology, geography, in accordance with requirements of the state standard in the educational field «Natural Science».

Melioration Terminology in Ukrainian Scientific Picture of the World

The subject of the study is the features, functions and structure of the Ukrainian scientific picture of the world and its component – the picture of the world of melioration science. The theoretical basis of the research is the thesis of the foreign and Ukrainian scholars on the scientific picture of the world as a consolidated and structured system of universal scientific knowledge. The methods of the research are the following: a method of structural and functional analysis of the concept, a method of definition analysis, a comparative method and a method of quantitative analysis. It has been found that the scientific picture of the world is a system of concepts that represents the scientific cognition of the world. The functions of the scientific picture of the world are usually identified as heuristic, synthetic, methodological, systematising and world outlook creating. The unified scientific picture of the world consists of the following types: humanitarian, natural, social and technical ones. The format of the scientific picture of the world expressed by the terminology of melioration belongs to the natural sciences picture of the world. The contributors to the melioration picture of the world are the subsystems of its sub-sectors, namely: water, land, chemical, technical, phytomelioration and others. The modern melioration picture of the world is largely formed by means of international terms (about 70%), and to a lesser extent by the genuine (national) vocabulary (30%).

THE REFLECTION OF FAMINE IN MODERN KAZAKH NOVELS

The interrelation of literature and the history of Kazakh people, we can say, go “hand in hand”. In the history of Kazakh people there are many events related to the capture of Kazakh youth in the royal army, “Goloshchekin's jute”, “Stalinist repressions”, “December events”. As a scientist and encyclopedist of the Kazakh steppe A. Margulan has mentioned that Kazakhstan has become a place where you can quickly multiply through various paths of aggression, deception, looking for a career in the periphery, wanted to adjust financial resources, and it was also a decent land. They led to the fact that on the Kazakh land “to deploy on a spacious steppe”, “to rob the Kyrgyz and bring a silk satin ribbon dress to their wives for their money.” At the same time, as last year, the government never did good for the Kazakh people. Delivery of the literature to the church through a thick historical truth is the result of an independent Kazakh literature. The article deals with the problem of famine in the Kazakh land due to the totalitarian regime. In modern Kazakh prose, a series of works have written the realities of the tragic years in the history of the country. This topic was widely covered in the genre of the novel, a novel of an independent Kazakh literature, in poetic works. At the same time, as a monument to the memory of the victims of the famine during the years of Nubet, it complements its story. The article discusses author’s thematic, ideological, artistic views on the topic of famine. In particular, Turysbek Sauketaev’s novel “Vulture's Winter”, Nagashybek Kapalbekuly’s “ The fume of ground oven ”, Nurdaulet Akysh’s “Merciless spring” and Jh. Shashtayuly’s “ The old man and horse ” were taken to the research object. The article focuses on the fact that the story on the topic of famine is the future memory in the personages’s mind, recalling the past. Awakening of memory in the mind is an literal approach that is actively used by most modern Kazakh prose writers. At the same time, all the works of this subject are proved by actual examples that the difficult moment of a person is in contact with the authors’ natural phenomena. Before dwelling on the tragedy of famine which millions of Kazakhs have done in the center, it is clear that the authors describe in more detail the picture of harsh nature and turn to the method of preliminary preparation of the reader. In this way, writers were able to give the atmosphere of that era. Although the language of the authors is easy to read, all narratives are sketched in accordance with reality. Each generation has to know the history of their native people, literary works of it. If we develop a personality through the patriotic spirit of the history of indigenous nations, this will be a reflection of their consciousness and future citizen who will defend the country and the land with national and civil dignity. Keywords: modern Kazakh novel, famine problem, national tragedy, jute, famine strike, awakening of consciousness.

Мовний образ Києва в текстах І. С. Нечуя-Левицького

The article attempts to outline the linguistic image of Kyiv in the second half of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries in the artistic texts of I. S. Nechui-Levytskyi. Analyzing a particular word Kyiv, as well as the attributive phrase St. Kyiv, the old great Kyiv, the old city in the texts under the analysis, we revealed the expansion of the artistic-figurative paradigm of the linguistic image.
 In the created linguistic portrait of the city, the lexical-associative connections used for the conceptualization of the general concept of "beauty" in the expression Kyiv-beauty city is semantically significant. The writer uses this expression when it is necessary to convey the positive impressions of the description of the urban space. Fascinated by the beauty of the evening Kyiv landscape, I. S. Nechui-Levytskyi writes about «a huge round rotunda temple», «a temple rich in paints and colors of nature», «a world gallery of paintings by a weird artists», «a gallery of paintings and views». These individual poetic associations fill the writer's artistic prose style with hues of celebration and exaltation.
 The structure of the linguistic image of city plays a significant role in the landscape. Expanded landscapes described by I. S. Nechuy-Levytsky, as a rule, intensify the trivial syntactic connection, which combines the names of urban realities such as monasteries, churches, baths, crosses, monuments and names of spatial notions of alley and mountains into a holistic contemplative picture.
 In the studied works, the specific verbal images that have rich factual content, are the key and conceptual issues for the creation of the language image of Kyiv. These are architectural and sacral buildings: the monument to Prince Volodymyr, the St. Andrew's Cathedral, the Lavra, the Sofia, the Desyatinna and others.
 It has been found out that in the descriptions of Kyiv there are often comparisons with golden bouquets, as well as epithetic phrases used with a bunch of golden flowers (about church baths), golden bouquets of the baths and crosses. The writer sees the entire space around through the prism of unearthly beauty, imposes the net of something fantastic and unreal on the picture of nature.
 
 Key words: linguistic identity of I.S. Nechuyi-Levytskyi, creative heritage of the writer, linguistic image, landscape, history of the Ukrainian literary language.
 
 References
 Bybyk, Svitlana. ““Ta nich, yak Bozhyi rai” (linhvopoetyka peizazhotvorennia u tvori Ivana Nechuia-Levytskoho “Nich nad Dniprom”)”. Kultura slova, iss. 79, 2013, pp. 45–54.
 Gadamer, Hans-Georg. Hermenevtyka i poetyka. Kyiv: Yunivers, 2001.
 Yermolenko, Svitlana. Narysy z ukrainskoi slovesnosti (Stylistyka ta kultura movy). Kyiv: Dovira, 1999.
 Yermolenko, Svitlana. “Oslovlenyi ukrainskyi peizazh i portret u tvorakh I. Nechuia-Levytskoho”. Movno-estetychni znaky ukrainskoi kultury. Kyiv, 2009, pp. 119–30.
 Mandryka, Mykola. «Vin uvichnyv staryi Kyiv». Ukraina, no 45, 1970, p. 12.
 Mialkovska, Liudmyla. “Ivan Nechuy-Levytskyj – Cultural, Etnographer, Writer”. Ukrainska mova, no 1, 2019, pp. 138–50.
 Mialkovska, Liudmyla. «Misto u khudozhnomu prostori I. Nechuia-Levytskoho». Mova i kultura, iss. 14, 2011, pp. 330–6.
 Nechui-Levytskyi, Ivan. Zibrannia tvoriv. 10 vols. Kyiv: Naukova dumka, 1965–1967.
 Slovnyk ukrainskoi movy, edited by I. K. Bilodid. 11 vols. Kyiv: Naukova dumka, 1970–1980.
 Tarnavskyi, Maksym. Nechuvanyi Nechui. Realizm v ukrainskii literaturi. Kyiv: Laurus, 2018.
 Yavorska, Halyna. «Do problemy formuvannia yevropeiskoi identychnosti v Ukraini». Naukovi zapysky Instytutu politychnykh i etnonatsionalnykh doslidzhen im. I. F. Kurasa NAN Ukrainy, iss. 42, 2008, pp. 269–77.

Perspectivism

AbstractConsider the sentence “Lois knows that Superman flies, but she doesn't know that Clark flies”. In this paper we defend a Millian contextualist semantics for propositional attitude ascriptions, according to which ordinary uses of this sentence are true but involve a mid‐sentence shift in context. Absent any constraints on the relevant parameters of context sensitivity, such a semantics would be untenable: it would undermine the good standing of systematic theorizing about the propositional attitudes, trivializing many of the central questions of epistemology, the philosophy of mind, and the philosophy of action. In response to this problem, we prove a series of tenability results. We show that, given certain constraints on the parameters of context sensitivity, there is a broad class of principles of propositional attitude psychology whose good standing follows from corresponding claims about people's mental representations. But these constraints also have some surprising consequences: they are jointly incompatible with coarse‐grained theories of propositions, and they are in tension with a natural picture of how speakers and hearers coordinate on the interpretation of attitude ascriptions. In light of these consequences we explore different ways in which the contextualist picture might be developed, and argue that our preferred way compares favorably with Fregeanism and neo‐Russellianism.

Rachmaninov. “Six choirs for children’s or women’s voices”: specific of interpretation of the genre

Rachmaninov. “Six choirs for children’s or women’s voices”: specific of interpretation of the genre

Précis of The Evolution of Moral Progress: A Biocultural Theory

Abstract The idea of moral progress played a central role in liberal political thought from the Enlightenment through the nineteenth century but is rarely encountered in moral and political philosophical discourse today. One reason for this is that traditional liberal theorists of moral progress, like their conservative detractors, tended to rely on under-evidenced assumptions about human psychology and society. For the first time, we are developing robust scientific knowledge about human nature, especially through empirical psychological theories of morality and culture that are informed by evolutionary theory. On the surface, evolutionary accounts of morality paint a rather pessimistic picture of human moral nature, suggesting that certain types of moral progress are unrealistic or inappropriate for beings like us. Humans are said to be ‘hard-wired’ for tribalism. However, such a view overlooks the great plasticity of human morality as evidenced by our history of social and political moral achievements. To account for these changes while giving evolved moral psychology its due, we develop a dynamic, biocultural theory of moral progress that highlights the interaction between adaptive components of moral psychology and the cultural construction of moral norms and beliefs, and we explore how this interaction can advance, impede, and reverse moral progress.

The application of causal thinking in several issues in estimation of effects

Epidemiology is a branch of science that mainly involves in the etiology studies of non-randomness phenomenon among homogenous populations. In this paper, we use causal-thinking, supported by its tool-Directed Acyclic Graphs, to illustrate how the estimation of effects is affected by the issues as relations between effect and association, time sequences between variables and their measured counterparts, natural picture of dynamic population, formation of susceptible population, selection of study population, impact of covariates and types of cases etc., on the estimation of effects. This type of thinking may help us to re-capture the epidemiological theories, methods and related applications. Thus, causal-thinking should be strengthened.

TIPOLOGI FASAD RUMAH ADAT BATAK TOBA

Batak Toba’s traditional houses is one of the relics of batak tribe tradition that up to now still many abandon the values of philosophy and beauty and create a natural picture that is considered to have soul. Batak traditional house is a building that characterizes the house or typical of the tribe of Batak which symbolizes the culture and characteristics of the batak community. Discussion in this research about typology facade of traditional Batak Toba house building in Tomok Village, Huta Bolon and Huta Siallagan. Facade typology discussed in this research is the front view, the use of materials, dimensions, the use of color, the placement of doors and windows of traditional houses of Batak Toba in Samosir. The research method usedin this research is qualitative, that is describing the existing condition data of facade design from some custom house of Batak Toba which is located from three different villages namely Tomok Village, Huta Siallagan and Huta Bolon. Data analysis in this qualitative research is to search and arrange systematically data obtained from the results of field notes and documentationby organizing into categories, describing in units, synthesizing, arranging into patterns and making conclusions.

Mapping of Color Information from Camera Images to 3D Models for the Manufacturing of Aesthetic Dentures.

Aesthetic dentures are created to permanently replace missing teeth in a way that is as close to the patient's natural dental condition as possible. Recreating a natural color impression, especially for vestibular faces, is a major aspect in this process. Colors vary greatly from patient to patient and so do the shades of dental materials provided by professional suppliers. Until now, the manufacturing process of these highly customized artifacts is mostly carried out by hand by a trained technician who makes use of their work experience. However, digitization and automation find their way into dentistry. This paper introduces an algorithm to visualize the final result of a denture when a camera picture and 3D model is at hand. Several steps of image processing, such as segmentation, feature extraction and inpainting for black spots and reflections, are carried out. Subsequently, a projection method to map the refined image onto the 3D model is discussed. In addition, rendering of the so-colored models is mentioned as a potential extension. Implementation, which has been realized in form of C++ code using freeware frameworks OpenCV and CHAI3D, is referred to in the course of explaining the respective steps. Finally, results are presented and an outlook on future work is given.

Physiological and Histological Study to the Effects of Monosodium Glutamate in Laboratory male Rats and the protective role of vitamin E

The current study was conducted at the Department of Biology, College of Science, Wasit University to investigate physiological and histological effect monosodium glutamate in laboratory male rats, preventive role of vitamin E. This study was carried out in Laboratories of College of Science, Wasit University, AL- Shaheed Dr. Fairooz Hospitals, from November 2017 to April 2018.The study included twenty-four and divided into four groups (six rats per group). the first group severe as a control group orally dosed with distilled water, and treated the second group (100 mg/kg b.w. Monosodium glutamate for 30 days, and the third group were dosed orally 200 mg/kg of b.w. for 30 days, either The fourth group were dosed with a mixture of Monosodium glutamate 200mg/kg and vitamin E 100 mg/kg of body weight for 30 days. after the trial period has been sacrificing animals for testing and chemical standards physiological and histological. As are result of by exposure to Monosodium glutamate in blood serum are negatively biochemical whole height of the level of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, Low-density lipoprotein, very- low density lipoprotein, liver enzymes, AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine level, urea serum, further more we noticed a decrease in high density lipoprotein. The preventive treatment resulted in vitamin E 100mg/kg b.w. with Monosodium glutamate 200 mg/kg b.w. (p≤ 0.05) in body weight and relative weights of organs (liver and kidney). We noticed a higher moral when treatment with vitamin E with Monosodium glutamate 100 mg/kg in high- density lipoprotein, while serum cholesterol level decrease, triglycerides, Low-density lipoprotein, very- low density lipoprotein. And liver and kidney functions have improved by low Enzyme AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine and urea serum level. Histological examination revealed that the liver and kidneys, of rats exposed 100, 200 mg/kg of Monosodium glutamate has been adversely affected by exposure to Monosodium glutamate. Whereas, the histological of the liver of animals treated with vitamin E with Monosodium glutamate natural pictures showed improvement. These results demonstrate that MSG toxic effects on the liver and kidney tissue. The more toxic than salt rate too. The study recommends to avoid using MSG as food additives and food for animals because of the toxic effects of this salt.

Модель курса «Концепции современного естествознания»

There is discussion of preconditions for updating of course «Concept of modern natural science» for humanitarian specialties in higher education in the article. It is proposed model of course, which includes names of structural elements of the program of the course. The article describes the course, which allows to provide description of natural science picture of the world that will allow to form a general cultural competence in humanitarian specialties students.

ТАЄМНА ІСТОРІЯ: АНАЛІЗ ХУДОЖНІХ ОБРАЗІВ

The article deals with term “image”, which is used in various branches of scientific knowledge. The research dwells on the different aspects of the analysis of the image. This piece is an attempt to research artistic images in the novel “A Secret History” by Donna Tartt. The authors analyze a number of views regarding the artistic image interpretation and emphasize the point that the artistic image has many forms: images of people, pictures of nature, urban landscapes,and images of things reproduced with the help of imagination. The y talk about the origins of creation of the debut novel by Donna Tartt “A Secret History” and point out the specifics of the novel: the story is an inverted detective story, not whodunit, but whydunit.

Resetting the table

It is the iconic picture of nature's basic substances, but are they arranged correctly, asks Joshua Howgego

Scallops seasoned with nanoplastics

Plastic Pollution![Figure][1] The great scallop ( Pecten maximus ) reveals details about the uptake of nanoplastics by marine organisms. PHOTO: NATURE PICTURE LIBRARY/ALAMY STOCK PHOTO Microplastics are present in marine environments worldwide. As these particles break down further, they form nanoplastics, which are harder to detect. Nanoplastics also can enter the environment directly from commercial products such as paints and cosmetics. Al-Sid-Cheikh et al. investigate the uptake of such nanoplastics by scallops at predicted environmental concentrations. The authors use radiocarbon labeling to track the nanoplastics within the scallop tissues. Uptake differs depending on particle size: Larger nanoparticles accumulate in the intestine, whereas smaller nanoparticles are dispersed through the entire scallop body. After exposure to nanoplastics ceased, smaller nanoparticles were no longer detected after 14 days, but some larger nanoparticles persisted for more than 48 days. The presence of the smaller nanoparticles in muscle tissue suggests that the particles can cross epithelial membranes. Environ. Sci. Technol. 52 , 14480 (2018). [1]: pending:yes

АЛЕКСАНДР ФОН ГУМБОЛЬДТ: СУДЬБЫ НАСЛЕДИЯ В РОССИИ В XIX - НАЧАЛЕ XX В.

The article attempts to examine the attitude of Russian society to the heritage of the universal Prussian scientist, the great traveler Alexander von Humboldt. Based on the study of his biography, the present work shows that from his youth Humboldt sought to investigate the natural environment and did not fit the common Prussian trend – to make a career primarily in State service. Alexander von Humboldt got interested in the East after his journeys to South and North America, but managed to achieve his dreams only in 1829. It’s the Russian expedition of Alexander von Humboldt that became the factor of the distribution of his heritage within the scientific and educational space of Russia in the middle of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries. An important achievement is the translation into Russian of the most essential works of the great scholar: “Pictures of Nature”, “Cosmos”. The article, on the basis of archival documents, discusses the dramatic fate of the Russian translation of Humboldt’s “Central Asia” written to the outcome of his trip to Russia. The revolutions of 1917 prevented the completion of the translation of that work, which, until now, is presented in only one volume in the Russian language.

Exploring some aspects that drive the global perception of the facial appearance of young Caucasian adult men by a panel of Caucasian women of same ages

Objective: To decipher, through different wordings, the perception of adult men faces by “naïve” panels of women, through two different photographic modes (standard & natural) and its possible link with some objective/instrumental assessments. Methods: The full faces of 118 men (aged 30–45y) were photographed under a standardized mode (hiding hairs and upper garments) and under a natural look, showing hairstyles and upper garments. 40 of these men were bearded and were photographed (standardized mode) pre and post shaving. 260 “naïve” women of same age-range, divided in three groups, were asked to express their feelings about the psycho-social attributes of these 118 men and their hedonistic appreciation through spontaneous verbatims. A quiz part, using fixed wordings, graded through a 0–10 scale, allowed to confer “quantitative” assessments on the various psycho social and the perceived behavior of these men. These gradings were analyzed through Principal Component Analysis (PCA).The facial skin of the 118 men was clinically assessed and instrumentally investigated, focusing on wrinkles/folds, sagging/ptosis, color, hydration and plumpness/water mobility. Results: A Hierarchical Cluster Analysis allowed to distinct two different clustering on the psycho-social perceptions according to the photographic mode (8 in standard and 6 in natural conditions), based on the different frequencies of the quoted verbatims. Shaving the beard led to many individual shifts (of various amplitudes) within both psycho-social and behavioral appreciations. When shaved, these 40 men were globally seen as more “neat”, more intellectual and younger by about one year. However, shaving does not lead to clear shift within the psycho-social clusters. Men of some clusters defined on natural pictures have been found significantly different from others based on several objective parameters. Conclusion: The facial appearance of Caucasian men by Caucasian women is strongly driven by cultural, behavioral or social perceptions and less by men’s facial signs and skin properties. These appear much influenced by the visions of hair or garments, as well as presence of a beard.

Herstory: Feminizing Historical Narratives in Carol Ann Duffy’s the World’s Wife

Herstory: Feminizing Historical Narratives in Carol Ann Duffy’s the World’s Wife Mary Louisa Lum (PhD) Abstract Feminists constantly explore the lack of feminine representation in canonical works which underscores the truth that history has also aided in silencing the gender. Women writers seek to write their experiences as women in order to undermine limiting and unflattering masculine portrayals that have come to define femininity. This is writing the self which derives from Simone de Beauvoir‟s views on sexuality, and gender relations. Some authors utilise revisionism to bring feminine perspectives to compliment the male centric narratives. Carol Ann Duffy‟s The World’s Wife, artistically explores the opinions of the wives of several legendary characters silenced by history. Through this medium, Duffy gives voice to women, feminizing history- thus her story. Critics like Lanone (2008) and Rees-Jones (2001), opine that voicing neglected the feminine, is an innovation that distinguishes Duffy from other authors. Feminist theory is an appropriate tool of analysis, since its concepts explore gender binaries that result in silencing feminine viewpoints. Duffy‟s feminine representation of the history of legendary figures gives a realistic picture of the true nature of heroes. The ideas of Helene Cixous (1976), Luce Irigaray (1985) and Julia Kristeva (1982) regarding feminine writing, sexuality and gender relations will enhance the analysis. Full Text: PDF DOI: 10.15640/ijll.v7n1a3

THE GOLD RUSH THEME IN JACK LONDON'S NORTHERN STORIES

Jack London's «Northern Stories» is the conventional name of the early writer's works, with which he entered the world literature. The collection is composed of a system of motifs related to the theme of «gold rush». The theme of «gold rush» raises serious problems for barbaric looting of nature to satisfy greed. Jack London reproduced beautiful pictures of nature and at the same time the terrible consequences of human activity in Alaska. The testing theme was the central theme in Jack London’s «Northern Stories». The writer consistently reproduced situations in which a person, remaining alone with danger, was given the opportunity to test their own forces in a difficult struggle against circumstances threatening its existence. Reproducing the realities of everyday life of goldsmiths, Jack London, of course, could not escape the naturalistic detail. But the writer’s proposed interpretation of man strongly opposed the leading concepts of naturalists. In particular, he freed characters from biological dependence: even under the worst circumstances, the heroes of the «Northern Stories» are not helpless – they overcome physical deterioration due to solid positions and moral stability. Characters that Jack London frankly sympathizes with embody the romantic ideal of the author: they are strong personalities who adhere to the laws of brotherhood and justice. One of the main features that permeates all Jack London’s writings about the North is the adventure motif, it unites people of different professions and nationalities, includes the danger, uncertainty and romanticism. Jack London wrote his «Northern Stories» based on his practical experience, in which the cruelty of «white silence», on the one hand, and the romance of the struggle for life, on the other hand, and, moreover, the preservation of the moral person’s face and kindness in situations where could stand only a person who has a strong spirit.