Text Picture Research Articles

Восприятие изобразительного текста: проблематизация, актуализация, новые методологические подходы

The problems of perception of various types and formats of texts that have been formed over a long historical period and are rapidly transforming into the digital and the coming post-digital era are in the research focus of a number of humanities disciplines. It is texts and their perception that are today an actual research platform for solving the fundamental scientific problem of modern communication. This article actualizes and problematizes the question of the nature and perception of visual content, which is becoming urgent today, forming the paradigm of the so-called visual research. The stated problem is considered taking into account its interdisciplinarity and the factors that have determined the strengthening of visuality in modern conditions. The article analyzes the discussions that have been going on since the second half of the twentieth century about visuality and visualization, as well as about the peculiarities of the perception of pictorial texts, the specifics of which in a particular era are determined by (1) historically conditioned visual and cultural norms, perceptual models that are formed under the influence of semiosociopsychological factors of modernity, (2) topics, the arsenal of supra-temporal universal constant perception structures formed in the centuries-old practice of human interaction with pictorial sign systems. The authors pay special attention to visual narrative - a generic concept of isocontent. Without claiming to fully characterize it, they highlight, based on existing research, the paradigm of its definitions, the features of its functioning and perception. The emphasis is placed on the uniqueness of visual language and visual thinking, on the internal verbality of the pictorial text, on its semiotic codes and semantic connectives, as well as on the transformations of the language of the visual narrative in the process of its perception. The transformations are reduced to a simultaneous and interrelated process of receiving a polycode text in two languages - verbal and visual - at once. Having analyzed different approaches to the pictorial text and its perception, the authors infer that, with a certain unity of views on the nature of the pictorial text and its reception, there are different opinions on the problem of its “regulation”: from the complete rejection of any interference with the skills and abilities of the “art of seeing” (reading visual text) to the development of specific teaching methods of such art. In conclusion, the article emphasizes that, for all their importance, it is not so much the author’s strategies for creating pictorial texts that are in a strong position, but rather the background knowledge (cultural memory) of recipients, their experience of communication with isocontent (the level of mastery of visual code, reading visual narrative, decoding pictorial texts and their transcoding, for example, in verbal text; finally, interpretation skills acquired in the intermediate processes of perception of iso-content of different types and formats) - all this, according to the authors of the article, not only allows competent management, but also needs it. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.

ВОЛОСЫ БУДДЫ: КУЛЬТ, ЖИТИЙНЫЙ НАРРАТИВ, ПАЛОМНИЧЕСКАЯ ТРАДИЦИЯ (IV–IX ВВ.)

The cult of Buddha relics found its diverse reflection in the literature of thе period of wide spread of Buddhism in India. It was one of the manifestations of the entire complex of Buddhist culture. The connections of that cult with other forms of religious activity are of great interest. Multiple descriptions of sacred places contained in the texts of Chinese pilgrims who traveled all over the Indian subcontinent provide the researcher with a wealth of material and gives an idea of the many cult centers and revered relics, their types and their distribution in space. Preserved in stupas and monasteries “Buddha’s hair” belonged to the most important category of relics, called “bodily” (śariradhātu). The analysis of the information collected by pilgrims compared with Indian hagiographic texts makes it possible to identify various semantic associations related to “hair relics”. In the paper an issue is also touched upon the problem of the relationship between the cult of the Buddha’s hair with pictorial canons and formulaic texts of the Buddhist tradition.

The More, the Better? Effects of Multiple Modalities on EFL Listening and Reading Comprehension

This study explores the effectiveness of multimedia modalities by comparing the effects of the use of different modality modes on EFL comprehension. The experiment was conducted during the 2020 academic year. The participants were 186 college EFL students who were selected from six intact classes at a university in Korea. They were divided into six groups at random and received the treatment depending on their experimental conditions: text-only (TO), audio-only (AO), text-picture (TP), audio-picture (AP), text-audio (TA), and text-audio-picture (TAP). For five weeks, all participants read, listened to, or both read and listened to the fairy tales with or without pictures in class. To test the modality effects, the TOEIC-based listening and reading pre- and post-tests were carried out. The whole data collected were analyzed with SPSS version 20 software. The study found that using different modalities in classes plays a beneficial role in increasing comprehension skills. TP, AP, and TA groups improved their listening skills while TO, TP, and TA groups increased their reading skills at a significance level of .05. Statistically significant group differences were also found based on experimental conditions in both listening and reading comprehension skills. Pedagogical implications and suggestions are discussed at the end.

Sixth Sense Technology with Optical Character Recognition

Sixth Sense Technology is an innovative technology that will be further developed in the future and will be used for the benefit of human kind. It depends on the ideas of augmented reality and has all around carried out the view of it. The thing that makes it special is the way all the technologies are combined together to get a beneficial output. It partners advances like hand motion acknowledgment, picture catching, preparing, and control, and so forth OCR is to achieve change or change of a book or text-containing documents, for instance, deciphered substance, printed or sifted text pictures, into an editable electronic plan for more significant and further planning. Along these lines, our Goal is to carry part of the actual world to computerized world. Hand Gesture Recognition is in great demand today and can be executed with sixth sense technology.

Recognition of Automated Hand-written Digits on Document Images Making Use of Machine Learning Techniques

The purpose of this study is to create an automated framework that can recognize similar handwritten digit strings. For starting the experiment, the digits were separated into different numbers. The process of defining handwritten digit strings is then concluded by recognizing each digit recognition module's segmented digit. This research utilizes various machine learning techniques to produce a strong performance on the digit string recognition challenge, including SVM, ANN, and CNN architectures. These approaches use SVM, ANN, and CNN models of HOG feature vectors to train images of digit strings. Deep learning methods organize the pictures by moving a fixed-size monitor over them while categorizing each sub-image as a digit pass or fail. Following complete segmentation, complete recognition of handwritten digits is accomplished. To assess the methods' results, data must be used for machine learning training. Following that, the digit data is evaluated using the desired machine learning methodology. The Experiment findings indicate that SVM and ANN also have disadvantages in precision and efficiency in text picture recognition. Thus, the other process, CNN, performs better and is more accurate. This paper focuses on developing an effective system for automatically recognizing handwritten digits. This research would examine the adaptation of emerging machine learning and deep learning approaches to various datasets, like SVM, ANN, and CNN. The test results undeniably demonstrate that the CNN approach is significantly more effective than the ANN and SVM approaches, ranking 71% higher. The suggested architecture is composed of three major components: image pre-processing, attribute extraction, and classification. The purpose of this study is to enhance the precision of handwritten digit recognition significantly. As will be demonstrated, pre-processing and function extraction are significant elements of this study to obtain maximum consistency.

Recognition of Automated Hand-written Digits on Document Images Making Use of Machine Learning Techniques

The purpose of this study is to create an automated framework that can recognize similar handwritten digit strings. For starting the experiment, the digits were separated into different numbers. The process of defining handwritten digit strings is then concluded by recognizing each digit recognition module's segmented digit. This research utilizes various machine learning techniques to produce a strong performance on the digit string recognition challenge, including SVM, ANN, and CNN architectures. These approaches use SVM, ANN, and CNN models of HOG feature vectors to train images of digit strings. Deep learning methods organize the pictures by moving a fixed-size monitor over them while categorizing each sub-image as a digit pass or fail. Following complete segmentation, complete recognition of handwritten digits is accomplished. To assess the methods' results, data must be used for machine learning training. Following that, the digit data is evaluated using the desired machine learning methodology. The Experiment findings indicate that SVM and ANN also have disadvantages in precision and efficiency in text picture recognition. Thus, the other process, CNN, performs better and is more accurate. This paper focuses on developing an effective system for automatically recognizing handwritten digits. This research would examine the adaptation of emerging machine learning and deep learning approaches to various datasets, like SVM, ANN, and CNN. The test results undeniably demonstrate that the CNN approach is significantly more effective than the ANN and SVM approaches, ranking 71% higher. The suggested architecture is composed of three major components: image pre-processing, attribute extraction, and classification. The purpose of this study is to enhance the precision of handwritten digit recognition significantly. As will be demonstrated, pre-processing and function extraction are significant elements of this study to obtain maximum consistency.

Interviewer presence can affect learning with interview videos

Interviews with scholars and experts are becoming more and more popular as e-learning materials. Yet how an interview video should be edited is mostly based on personal preference rather than on rigorous scientific research. Thus this study tested whether showing the interviewer in educational interview videos can affect the learning outcome. Two interview learning materials on two topics (eye tracking and text–picture integration) were conducted by the author and edited in two versions. One version was with the interviewer and the other version was without the interviewer, the latter’s image and voice being edited out. Psychology students ( N = 180) watched either the video with or the one without the interviewer and answered the corresponding questions. Results in an online experiment yielded a better learning outcome in the video without the interviewer than in the video with the interviewer. It is probable that the absence of the interviewer can protect participants from extraneous processing and a split-attention effect. The without-interviewer video, segmented by displaying interview questions in keywords on slides, seemed to assist participants in managing the essential processing. The absence of the interviewer may avoid the confusion of multiple instructors, which fosters the generative processing. This study provides practical and pedagogical implications and suggests that removing the image and voice of the interviewer is likely to promote learning.

Cross-Representational Signaling and Cohesion Support Inferential Comprehension of Text-Picture Documents.

Learning from a text–picture multimedia document is particularly effective if learners can link information within the text and across the verbal and the pictorial representations. The ability to create a mental model successfully and include those implicit links is related to the ability to generate inferences. Text processing research has found that text cohesion facilitates the generation of inferences, and thus text comprehension for learners with poor prior knowledge or reading abilities, but is detrimental for learners with good prior knowledge or reading abilities. Moreover, multimedia research has found a positive effect from adding visual representations to text information, particularly when implementing signaling, which consists of verbal or visual cues designed to guide attention to the pictorial representation of relevant information. We expected that, as with text-only documents, struggling readers would benefit from high text cohesion (Hypothesis 1) and that signaling would foster inference generation as well (Hypothesis 2). Further, we hypothesized that better learning outcomes would be observed when text cohesion was low and signaling was present (Hypothesis 3). Our first experimental study investigated the effect of those two factors (cohesion and signaling) on three levels of comprehension (text based, local inferences, global inferences). Participants were adolescents in prevocational schools (n = 95), where some of the students are struggling readers. The results showed a trend in favor of high cohesion, but with no significant effect, a significant positive effect of cross-representational signaling (CRS) on comprehension from local inferences, and no interaction effect. A second experiment focused on signaling only and attention toward the picture, with collection of eye-tracking data in addition to measures of offline comprehension. As this study was conducted with university students (n = 47), who are expected to have higher reading abilities and thus are less likely to benefit from high cohesion, the material was presented in its low cohesive version. The results showed no effect of conditions on comprehension performances but confirmed differences in processing behaviors. Participants allocated more attention to the pictorial representation in the CRS condition than in the no signaling condition.

IMAGENS ARQUETÍPICAS NA OBRA DE ERNESTO SABATO: UM ESTUDO COMPARADO ENTRE SUA PINTURA E O ROMANCE O TÚNEL

RESUMO: O presente artigo apresenta uma análise intertextual das imagens arquetípicas do romance O Túnel (1948), do escritor argentino Ernesto Sabato, transpostas para suas pinturas, oportunizando, dessa forma, uma análise comparativa ainda não explorada da obra. Este estudo fundamenta-se na perspectiva da Psicologia Analítica aplicada à metodologia da Literatura Comparada como instrumento da Crítica Literária, com base na imagem arquetípica da sombra como fio condutor da narrativa sabatiana, pois trata-se da confissão de um crime passional narrada por Juan Pablo Castel, protagonista do romance. O apoio teórico provém dos estudos de Jung (2002), Hillman (2018), Jacobi (2016), Ulson (1988) e Von Franz (2002), e no diálogo com as pinturas de Sabato: Algo ocorrido em meu Ateliê (1994) e Alguém observa o ateliê de um pintor ausente (1981), que ressignificam as sombras arquetípicas do texto literário para o texto pictórico, expressas no uso excessivo de tonalidades escuras, no caráter expressionista e perturbador dos personagens e no simbolismo da morte nas pinturas do autor. Portanto, o processo intersemiótico do texto literário de O Túnel (1948) para o universo pictórico configura-se como extensão da narrativa do autor, revelando a simbologia arquetípica das imagens como instrumento crítico na interpretação das linguagens literária e visual.
 
 Palavras-chave: O Túnel. Imagens Arquetípicas. Literatura. Psicologia Analítica.

Додинастический Египет – лоно древнеегипетской цивилизации

This article is the result of many years of work devoted to the problem of the transition of the predynastic era of Egypt to the state. This transition period in the cultural and historical aspect contains both late-primitive phenomena and contents that indicate the development of society in the direction of social differentiation with the identification of aristocratic families headed by a social leader. These processes are reflected in the development of the archaeological culture of Naqada, which has passed through several phases of development, demonstrating the diversity of monuments, artifacts and pictorial texts that are the main sources for the pre-written era of Egypt. They are analyzed in the aspect of fundamental historical and cultural processes. Methodologically, this task is solved by using the developments and conclusions of a number of humanitarian scientific disciplines: semiotics, cultural studies, folklore, depth psychology, etc. This approach makes the research base, which is partly applied, more solid.

Parenting Gizi Berbasis Whatsapp: Literasi Digital Guna Mendukung Generasi Sehat Berprestasi

NUTRITIONAL PARENTING ASSISTED WHATSAPP; DIGITAL LITERACY TO SUPPORT THE HEALTHY GENERATION OF ACHIEVERS. Parents have an important role in a family. Parental involvement in childcare has great potential to be developed. The potential of parents in parenting can be optimized through the potential of human and technological resources. In the current digital era, the potential for parental involvement can be strengthened by whatsapp-based digital literacy. Whatsapp is a technology resource that can convey various forms of messages such as text messages, voice messages, picture messages, even voice and video calls. This activity aims to empower parents in providing balanced nutrition for children through whatsapp-based parenting activities. The target group used as partners in this activity are parents of toddlers who attend Pos PAUD, at Pos PAUD Lestari II, Semarang City, Central Java. The method used in this activity was the initiation and parenting of whatsapp continuously. The results of activities carried out in the form of whatsapp-based nutrition parenting groups, the number of participants consisted of 20 parents, the results showed there were 85% of parents who had high enthusiasm when whatsapp parenting took place and 35% of parents were able to practice balanced diet for children. This activity needs to be continued given the limited number of parents who can practice balanced diet, the next activity can be in the form of literacy strengthening through peer education activities as an effort to increase parental involvement in fulfilling children's nutritional intake.

The Codex Mexicanus: A Guide to Life in Late Sixteenth-Century New Spain

The Codex Mexicanus, a Nahua pictorial text from Mexico City produced in the 1570s and 1580s, has not received the kind of scholarly attention that other pictorials from central Mexico have. Lori Diel has finally given this document the attention it deserves and, in the process, added to our understanding of late sixteenth-century life for Nahuas in the viceregal capital. Her careful pictorial analysis should not be ignored by historians, who will find in this book a nuanced study of how Nahuas took a variety of information—calendrical, medicinal, historical—brought over from Europe, incorporated it into existing native systems of knowledge, and adapted it to their own purposes.Most of the pictorial content of the Codex Mexicanus was, according to Diel, painted all at once in 1578–79 by a group of painters working in San Pablo Teopan, in Mexico City. But there are many later additions. Nahuatl glosses were added in places, as were some supplementary Nahuatl texts. Later still, texts in Spanish and French were added. Work on the Codex Mexicanus appears to have stopped in 1583. The text is similar in function to certain coeval Spanish books called repertorios de los tiempos, which grew out of the medieval almanac tradition in Spain. These repertorios collected a variety of seemingly unrelated information—saints' calendars, astrology, and medicine, for example—that was all nonetheless connected to the theme of time.The Codex Mexicanus, too, has often been seen by scholars as a collection of seemingly unrelated information and, therefore, has been studied only piecemeal. But Diel looks at the codex as a complete work, letting the connection to the repertorios guide the organization of her book. Diel has divided her study into four thematic discussions, following the topics covered by the manuscript. In each of them, Diel marshals her impressive knowledge of myriad pictorial and alphabetic texts from the early colonial period to provide the definitive reading of the Codex Mexicanus's pictorial contents. Following an introductory chapter, chapter 2, which is devoted to time and religion, explores the calendrical portions of the manuscript. These include a perpetual calendar that correlates Christian holy days with pre-Hispanic festivals, two calendar wheels, and a tonalpohualli (pre-Hispanic sacred year) organized into trecenas. In chapter 3, devoted to astrology and medicine, Diel examines the parts of the Codex Mexicanus that explore connections between the stars and human health. Diel notes that the astrological information all comes from Europe; indigenous astrology is not included here. Diel suggests that the native authors may have been particularly interested in European astrology and medicine because foreign diseases were ravaging indigenous communities at precisely the same time that the codex was created.Chapters 4 and 5 deal with the historical texts contained in the Codex Mexicanus. Chapter 4 examines the codex's two-page genealogy of the Mexica ruling line. Diel concludes that this genealogy, far from a neutral depiction of past rulers, is in fact a carefully constructed narrative of unbroken Mexica imperial authority, its divine origins and unblemished nature. Chapter 5 treats the part of the Codex Mexicanus to which its native authors devoted the most space: a pictorial history of the Mexica. This history is structured as a precontact-style continuous year-count annals, or xiuhpohualli, in which each year is represented as a year glyph contained within a cartouche and historical events and information for the year are attached to or located in close proximity to the glyph. The Codex Mexicanus's year count begins with the year 1 Flint (1168 CE) and ends with 7 Rabbit (1590 CE). While most of this annals history deals with the pre-Hispanic past, Diel is careful to remind her readers that this is nonetheless a colonial document and must be interpreted as such. Its authors, she notes, “reconceptualized the historical past in order to make sense of how this past prepared them to live as Nahua Christians in late sixteenth-century New Spain” (p. 137). This reconciliation of a pagan past with a Christian present is, of course, not unique to Latin America, and Diel highlights the parallels between the Codex Mexicanus's attempts at reconciliation and early Christian texts from Europe, particularly Augustine's City of God, a work that wrestles with late antique Christianity's relationship with the pagan past of Rome.This work is yet more evidence that art historians are in the vanguard of colonial native history. Diel's study of the Codex Mexicanus is invaluable not just for its masterful reading of the codex's pictorial content but also for its contribution to our understanding of early colonial Nahuas. By placing the codex firmly in its colonial context, Diel adds fascinating detail to the ways in which Nahuas negotiated both native and European systems of knowledge—knowledge of time, of medicine, of the stars, of the past—to create a text that contained information useful in their own late sixteenth-century lives.

Comparative Security Analysis of Web-Based Instant Messaging Applications

Web-based instant messaging applications vulnerability has become one of the main concerns for its users in line with the increasing number of cybercrimes that occur on social media. This research was conducted to determine the comparability of the vulnerability value of the web-based WhatsApp, Telegram, and Skype applications using the Association of Chief Police Officers (ACPO) method. Digital artifacts in the form of text messages, picture messages, video messages, telephone numbers, and user IDs have been acquired in this research process using FTK imager and OSForensic tools. The results of the study using the FTK imager and OSForensic tools show that the web-based Skype application has a vulnerability value of 92%, while WhatsApp and Web-based Telegram have the same vulnerability value with 67% each based on all digital artifacts that successfully acquired.

Материальные источники додинастического Египта в свете концепции «Культурная память»

In the pre-written period, the main sources of cultural memory as an important basis for mytho-religious representations of classical ancient Egypt are the material sources: archaeological sites, pictorial texts, their compositions, motifs and images. The sample for analytical work is related to ritual objects. These include painted vessels of type C and D, polychrome panel from the elite burial in Hierakonpolis, slate palettes, funeral masks. The result of the research was the conclusion that these pictorial texts represent a model of the world. The image-symbolic language of pictorial texts reveals the structure of the universe, which in the written period was embodied in numerous myths and rituals.

Comparing the Effects of Different Types of Cultural Inspiration on Design Creativity

OVERVIEW Presenting inspirational triggers to designers is conducive to stimulating creativity. This study assessed the influence of different types of cultural inspiration triggers on design creativity. Each trigger was categorized into visual or textual information. In addition, the visual information was divided into complete and partial images, according to the degree of pictorial richness. The textual information was divided into descriptive and story-based texts, based on the analogical distance of the semantic layer. Design experiments were used to explore the impact of this information on the creativity of novice designers. The results showed that visual stimuluses were more effective than textual stimuluses in stimulating creativity in novice designers. In addition, partial images with low pictorial richness and story-based text with intermediate analogical distance had a significant positive effect on stimulating design creativity.

Словарная память в когнитивной теории

Vocabulary learning has been a key aspect of acquiring a second language for many years. Many scholars and linguists claimed that learning languages cannot be successful without a wide range of vocabulary. However, most ESL learners are confronted with recalling difficulties as they tend to forget the word fast that they learned recently. These challenges are commonly discussed and researched by Cognitivists since they deem that there are several reasons for forgetting associated with memory and mental process. This case study entails small-scale research on vocabulary retention, reasons for forgetting, and some potential solutions to recall words in the second language. For this case study, we have chosen Cognitivism Theory in a bid to investigate and find out remembering challenges of our ESL learner and give her some possible solutions because according to cognitive psychology it is said that systematic forgetting occurs owing to interfering effects, a continuation of the very process of subsumption, neurolinguistic blocking and other factors. Relying on their findings we tried to help our seventeen-year-old student who tends to forget English words easily. In this case, the hypothesis of the research is that pictorial texts or stories can be more effective for short and long-term vocabulary learning and retention.

Challenges Solving Science Tasks with Text–Picture Combinations Persist beyond Secondary School

Combinations of text and different types of pictures are commonplace in biology as in science in general. The single representations (i.e., text, picture) constituting a text–picture combination may contain redundant or complementary information. The ability to identify and integrate information in different kinds of text–picture combinations is indispensable for engaging in science and is normatively expected to be acquired in school. In this experimental study, which was not preregistered in an independent institutional registry, N = 240 undergraduate students worked on 2 constructed-response biology tasks originating from authentic final exams to obtain the higher education entrance qualification. The material carried equivalent information between conditions but consisted of redundant or non-redundant text–picture combinations or only texts. Analysis of variance revealed negative effects of the depictive representations on students’ performance, but these effects only occurred in 1 of the 2 tasks: Students in the text-only group reached the highest mean score, those who worked with the non-redundant text–picture combinations the lowest mean score. Implications for science education are discussed.

Menafsir Makna “Jihad” dalam Konteks Kekinian

This article aims to explore the meaning of jihad in the perspective of contextual interpretation. In this study, the Mawdlū‘ī (thematic) Tafsir method used to catch a big picture or spirit of text, with the tool as a analysis tool in the form of two approaches, namely: Historical (Historical) and Hermeneutic Approaches. From the results of the study, get conclusion that jihad, which has often been reduced by some people as a war against different beliefs (the others), turns out to have a far more substantial meaning and is relevant to the present context. The meaning of the author is that jihad strives to uphold human values, oppose tyranny, uphold justice. In this case, jihad is broadly interpreted not merely as a war against the enemy, but to fight against injustice, tyranny, social pathoologies such as poverty, ignorance, and most importantly, jihad against oneself.

The semiotics of visual perception and the autonomy of pictorial text: Toward a semiotic pedagogy of the image

How does a picture teach a viewer to look at it, understand it, and make meaning? (The theoretical basis of this article and elements of its expression have been drawn from Peter Pericles Trifonas. (1998). “Cross-mediality and narrative textual form: A semiotic snalysis of the lexical and visual signs and codes of the picture bnook.” Semiotica, 118 (1/2): 1–70 and Peter Pericles Trifonas. (2015). “Texts and images.” In International handbook of semiotics, Vols. 1&2, edited by Peter Pericles Trifonas. The Netherlands: Springer. Pp. 1139–1154.) The suggestion for a pictorial grammar has been derived from the fact that pictures have no unique visual metalanguage and therefore require recourse to language as an instrument for pictorial analysis. The lexical-visual relationship in a text is more complex than is suggested in the question. Proponents for the semiotic autonomy of pictures have objected that the commentaries of crossmedial contexts have not asserted the semiotic priority of the lexical over the visual message. ‘Is an autonomous semiotics of visual perception possible, or does the semiotic analysis of pictorial text always require recourse to the model of language?’

The teaching of English vocabulary through pictorial reading texts and games to a group of primary school students in East Jakarta

This community service is a free English tutorial for a group of primary schools’ students aged ten years old residing in Duren Sawit, East Jakarta and its surroundings. The program is part of a bigger tutorial program called Bimbingan Belajar Mita (Bimbel Mita) conducted by a non-profit organization that was initiated by the Maria Clarist congregation sisters around eight years ago. The participants of the six-month program were ten students. The method of the community service was teaching the basic English vocabulary through pictorial short English texts and vocabulary games. The former technique was used for the first half of the semester and the latter for the second half of the period. During the tutorial, the students have acquired a number of the targeted English nouns related to objects in the house, garden, animals, colors, professions, fruits, vegetables; verbs related to daily activities at home and adjectives related to descriptions of objects and human beings and some adverbs. In learning the English vocabulary, they show more enthusiasm for games rather than the pictorial reading texts.