Physics Lectures Research Articles

The spinorial ball: A macroscopic object of spin-1/2

In quantum physics lectures, half-integer spins are generally introduced as “objects that do not come back to their original state after one full turn but that do after two.” As a consequence, students often consider this behavior to be purely quantum mechanical. However, spin-1/2 is above all a geometrical property of the rotations group and can, therefore, also have practical consequences at the macroscopic scale. To illustrate this, we introduce and describe in this work a new pedagogical tool named the spinorial ball. It allows students to concretely manipulate a macroscopic 1/2-spin, which helps them to build intuition as to how the latter behaves under rotations. This object can also be used to introduce several general concepts from the theory of Lie groups, such as group homomorphism and homotopy classes of loops through the example of the groups SU(2) and SO(3). The spinorial ball provides a macroscopic visualization of all these concepts, which are ubiquitous in quantum physics.

경력 30년 이상인 GX 여성지도자의 지도전략 사례연구

Objectives The purpose of this study explored instructional strategies of a GX female physical activity lectures with more than 30 years of experience. Methods Case study design was employed with multiple in-depth interviews with female physical activity lectures and members. Other sources of data included observations of zumba class. . The collected data were analyzed using an inductive content analysis method. Results The female physical activity lectures had unique teaching philosophy which influenced various aspects of instruction. The lecture's educational philosophy was classified into customized classes, emphasis on fun, emphasis on friendship, direct participatory instruction, and self-development efforts. The lecture's educational philosophy was consistently incorporated into all educational activities, including classes full of laughter, charismatic classes, various event classes, general affairs-centered member management, and skillful class development. As a result of exploring leadership success factors based on the leader's educational philosophy and classes, they were classified into seven categories: positive personality, passion (challenge), cohesion management, self-management, sincerity and persistence, pride, and support. Conclusions The lecture's teaching success strategy was structured based on personal tendencies, professional knowledge, formation of his own teaching know-how, and pride in teaching. Her had character traits such as positive personality, passion (challenge), sincerity and persistence, and self-management. Based on this, lecture acquired specialized knowledge such as content knowledge, teaching method knowledge, and learner knowledge, and gained my own teaching know-how through long experience and effort. In other words, lecture who were creating their own style in member management, class content, and teaching methods had pride in their classes being the most popular. This became the driving force and she was constantly trying to improve her experise.

Trends in the Development of Interactive Flipbooks in Physics Learning in the 2014-2024 Time Range: Literature Review

The history of developing a research topic is significant to study at the beginning of the research. This will assist researchers in shaping current field exploration and future research. This research examines the development trend of using interactive flipbooks in physics learning over the last decade (2014-2024). Through a literature review method from various academic sources, both national and international journals, this article will explore various studies conducted regarding the use of interactive flipbooks in physics learning and the learning theories that underlie the use of interactive flipbooks. The study results found that interactive flipbooks have experienced a significant increase in their use at various levels of physics learning, especially in increasing concept understanding, student involvement, and learning effectiveness. In addition, this literature review also shows a significant increase in the adoption of interactive flipbooks driven by technological advances and the need for more exciting and interactive learning methods. The conclusion is that the development of interactive flipbooks in physics learning has been very significant in the last five years. However, no use of interactive flipbooks has been found in modern physics lectures at the university level.

Development of E-Modules Assisted By Augmented Reality on Alternative Energy Material

The ability to interpret, use, and create visual media to improve processes, decision-making, communication, and learning is known as visual literacy. Learning that trains visual literacy is needed to prepare students' abilities in the future. The purpose of this research is to develop and identify the feasibility of Augmented Reality-assisted E-Module on alternative energy materials in training literacy. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE development model. This research only carried out three stages of the ADDIE development model, namely: Analysis, Design, and Development. To identify the feasibility of the E-Module, validation and testing are carried out. Validation was carried out by 3 physics lecturers and 2 physics teachers with a result of 91% (very feasible category). Then in the rumpang test, it showed a readability level of 96.2% (independent category). So it can be concluded that the E-Module is easy to understand and can be used independently by each student.

A “Mastery Unapproached”

Abstract An almost ideal context for a case study on the development, use, and reception of multimodal material educational settings can be found in the works of Göttingen physicist Robert Wichard Pohl (1884–1976). From 1919 on, Pohl created an educational programme for introductory lectures on experimental physics, in which he demonstrated fundamental concepts and phenomena using simple yet meaningful experiments that were projected on the front wall of the lecture hall. With his teaching aids, technical infrastructure, and textbook, Pohl changed the teaching of physics at schools and universities in Germany and beyond. Pohl’s original devices are still part of the teaching collection used during introductory physics lectures. I will argue that teaching collections, as the material foundations for such “regimes of practices,” should be treated not as passive archives of objects but as dynamic, complex environments that allow new insights into the history of science teaching.

Boltzmann, Mach and Wittgenstein’s Vienna

Abstract Focusing particularly on the work of Ernst Mach, this paper explores some of the epistemological ground shared between Ludwig Boltzmann and Mach, and offers an account of links between Mach’s published work in psychophysical investigations of the relations between physical and physiological phenomena and his unpublished lectures in physics, to indicate that Mach’s understanding of the scope of the sciences and philosophy – and his intent to move between inner and outer – was as expansive as Wittgenstein’s, and that both aimed to develop a thoroughly consistent approach.

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT AN ORAL QUESTIONING (P-LISAN) MODEL: A NEED ANALYSIS

The current teaching methods in matriculation colleges often lack interactive and engaging approaches, leading to limited student comprehension and participation in physics. The objective of this study is to identify the elements in the oral questioning model of matriculation college Physics teachers. This study aims to explore the needs to design and development needs of an oral questioning model for physics lecturers at matriculation colleges. In this needs analysis phase, the research adopts a qualitative approach, utilizing semi-structured interviews based on themes identified in the study. The interview protocol was developed, validated, and underwent a preliminary study to ensure reliability. Informants were selected through purposive sampling, focusing on individuals with over five years of experience in education, classified as experts. This purposive sampling method ensured that the participants have relevant expertise and experience to provide valuable insights into the requirements for the P-Lisan model. The findings from the interviews revealed a consensus among all participants on the necessity of developing a questioning model. Additionally, the participants identified specific design elements and features that should be incorporated into the model to address the unique challenges faced by physics lecturers in the matriculation context in Malaysia.

Prospective teachers’ perception of critical and reflective thinking skills on modern physics: Rasch Analysis

Related research on critical and reflective thinking skills has been interesting and conducted by many researchers, but they are still carried out separately. This study aims to determine the perception of prospective teachers towards critical and reflective thinking skills in modern physics lectures. This research includes quantitative research using the cross-sectional survey method. Ninety-seven prospective teachers participated in the study, with details of 15 men and 82 women with an age range of 19-21 years. Questionnaire critical and reflective thinking skills are used as instruments for collecting data. Each of them is a 20-item critical thinking skills questionnaire and 24 items of reflective thinking skills questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using winsteps software version 4.6.1. which includes descriptive, individual conformity, gender, and bubble chart. The results of detailed data analysis show that for critical thinking skills, 17% of prospective teachers perceive low, 68% of prospective teachers perceive moderate, and 15% of prospective teachers perceive high. As for reflective thinking ability, 11% of prospective teachers perceive low, 78% of prospective teachers perceive moderate, and 11% of prospective teachers perceive high. However, there are many misfit persons, 66% for critical thinking skills and 67% for reflective thinking skills. This means prospective teachers do not have strong perception beliefs in both thinking skills. Therefore, it needs to be strengthened through treatment, training, or workshops to further train both skills.

Effort to Optimize Learning Physics at Integrated Islamic High School via a Physics based Ethnoscience Approach

The aim of community service program is to enhance the educational experience at the integrated Islamic high school (SMA IT Khairu Ummah) Rejang Lebong district by employing an ethnoscience approach. The service program is implemented in SMA IT Khairu Ummah to address challenges posed by inadequate learning facilities and infrastructure, particularly in physics education, which may impede the teaching and learning process. The implementation of community service initiatives in 2024 comprises four phases. The first phase encompasses observational efforts within schools to acquire a comprehensive picture of the educational environment. The second phase involves the socialization of service activities and coordination with school principal and educators, particularly those teaching physics. The third phase entailed instructing educators on the development of ethnoscience-focused educational resources. The last phase entails regular assessment and guidance involving two Mahasiswa Kampus Merdeka Belajar program and five physics lecturers to guarantee that the community service program positively influences the learning process. The findings indicate that the training positively enhances teacher competencies by implementing ethnoscience education that leverages the local community's cultural and traditional diversity, even amidst constraints of limited facilities and infrastructure. Physics teacher and students of SMA IT Khairu Ummah SMA IT have implemented an ethnoscience-based physics approach that is effective in enhancing students' comprehension of scientific processes and their acquisition of related skills.

Spiral-curricular blended learning for the mathematics education in physics teacher training courses

A good physics education depends on a good, transferable mathematics education. A concept for a cross-modular blended learning math course developed for the first two semesters of our physics teacher trainee study program is introduced. The course covers the important new mathematics required for the development of the conceptual understanding of the classical experimental physics mechanics and electrodynamics. It is based on three pillars: parallelism of the math topics to the physics lectures, spiral-curricularity to prior knowledge and high quality digitally available interactive materials such as interactive videos, formative tests and exercises to foster a self-regulated learning of the students in online as well as face-to-face learning environments. The blended learning math course and its face-to-face math seminars are integrated into the experimental physics modules. Results of surveys among the first two cohorts of course participants indicate that the design of the math course is well accepted and the interactive videos are very well received by the students. Initial tests on the learning effectiveness indicate a sufficient development of long term knowledge by the students.

Development of Student Worksheets Based on Problem Based Learning (PBL) Assisted by PhET Simulations to Improve Mastery of High School Physics Concepts

This development research aims to produce a product in the form of a Student Workshees (known LKPD) based on a problem-based learning model that is feasible, practical and effective for improving students' mastery of concepts. This research is included in Research and Development (R&D) with a 4D model, which consists of defining, designing, developing, and disseminating. The product developed is Newton's Law LKPD supported by other independent curriculum tools: Learning Outcomes, Learning Goal Flow, Teaching Modules, and concept mastery test instruments. Data collection techniques use validation sheets, learning implementation observation sheets, student response questionnaires, and test instruments. The validity of the product was assessed by three expert validators, who were physics lecturers, and three practitioner validators, who were physics subject teachers. Their evaluations were performed using a Likert scale. Practicality is obtained from the teacher's observation sheet and student response questionnaires regarding learning. Effectiveness was obtained from the results of limited product trials in the form of an increase in pretest and posttest scores, which were analyzed using the n-gain test. The results of the validity of the product developed have a percentage, namely LKPD 92.12%; Learning Achievement 92.08%; Flow of Learning Objectives 92.60%; Teaching modules 89.78% and test instruments 91.15% with very valid and reliable categories above 75%, so the product can be said to be suitable for use. The results of the product's practicality were in the form of an implementation sheet by the teacher. Student responses of 92.08% and 82.10% were written in the convenient category. The results of the n-gain test for students' concept mastery were 0.74 in the medium category and included in the very effective criteria. Thus, the LKPD, Learning Outcomes, Learning Goal Flow, Teaching Modules and test instruments produced are feasible, practical and effective in improving students' mastery of concepts.

Enhancing Physics Education in Ugandan Teacher Training Institutions: Technology Integration and Gender-Inclusive Teaching Strategies

Purpose: This article investigates strategies to enhance physics education in Ugandan Teacher Training Institutes (TTIs) by utilizing the TPACK framework. It focuses on technology integration, professional development for educators, and innovative teaching approaches to improve the quality of physics education. Methodology: Employing a mixed-method design, this study examined ICT and gender integration in physics teaching across three Teacher Training Institutions in Eastern Uganda. The research utilized case study and survey designs, gathering data from 14 Physics Lecturers and 14 TTI administrators through surveys, interviews, observations, and document analysis. Purposive sampling was used to select participants with relevant expertise. Data were analyzed using content analysis and quantitative methods in Excel, adhering to ethical protocols that included obtaining permissions and ensuring confidentiality. Findings: The study highlights that while physics lecturers possess strong subject matter and pedagogical knowledge, there is a notable deficiency in updated ICT skills and gender-inclusive practices. Key strategies for enhancing ICT competencies include implementing professional development programs, adopting blended learning models, and conducting ICT integration workshops. The research identifies that demographic factors and digital literacy significantly influence ICT integration, emphasizing the need for targeted training and resource allocation to create inclusive, technology-enhanced educational environments aligned with TPACK, DOI, and sociocultural theories. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice, and Policy: This study underscores the critical need for comprehensive training in ICT and gender inclusivity within TTIs. It emphasizes the importance of institutional support and policy development to modernize physics education, enhance pedagogical practices, and promote gender equity.

Development of Three-Dimensional Light Wave Test Based on Three-Dimensional Learning Framework

The three-dimensional learning framework as a current science learning standard to facilitate the development of students' knowledge that is coherent and interconnected so that it can be used in various situations of daily life, is only possible if the assessment is oriented towards the science learning standards in question. The focus of this research is to develop a Three-Dimensional light wave test based on the Three-Dimensional Learning Framework. Development was carried out through quantitative research methods with construction design and validation, involving physics lecturers, physics teachers and high school students. Construction and validation were carried out using document analysis sheets, cognitive questionnaires, content validation sheets and student responses. Analysis was carried out through descriptive analysis, V-Aiken content validation, and Item Response Theory (IRT) using eIRT software. The construction and validation results show that the Three-Dimentional light wave test based on the Three-Dimentional Learning Framework has differentiating power in the good category, five items are very high, three items are high, eight items are medium and five items are low; the level of difficulty is in the medium category, two questions are very difficult, seven questions are difficult, eight questions are medium and four questions are easy; the pseudo guessing factor overall functions well; and reliable for measuring the level of ability of students with low to very high abilities. The Three-Dimensional test of light waves based on the Three-Dimentional Learning Framework can be used by educational practitioners as an assessment tool to explore students' coherent understanding of disciplinary core ideas (DCI), scientific practices (SP), and crosscutting concepts (CC) in wave material light.

Using expectancy-value theory to understand the teaching motivations of women physics lecturers

Being lectured by a woman physicist can benefit students’ performance, motivation, and engagement with physics. However, due to the severe underrepresentation of women physics faculty, these instances may be scarce. Through semistructured interviews with seven women physics lecturers, we used expectancy-value theory to understand the situative nature of gender regarding motivation to lecture. We sought to understand their choices and decisions when selecting their teaching roles, and if lecturing, what draws them toward certain courses. Our study was a staff-student partnership project carried out in a physics department at a UK university. We identified themes of confidence, enjoyment, the importance of lecturing, and the associated workload. The academic women could not relate to the “showperson” persona that they felt their men colleagues displayed. They navigated low levels of confidence by adopting a painstaking approach to lecture preparation, suggesting an inherent, higher workload associated with lecturing, compared with other forms of teaching. However, the women highly valued lecturing, enjoying the excitement and interactions with students, and were drawn toward developing students’ knowledge and skills. Being familiar with the content allowed them to feel confident in lecturing. We discuss these findings and recommend areas of support that physics departments should endeavor to offer. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Development of Interactive Learning Media Using the Lectora Application to Enhance Student’s Critical and Creative Thinking Skills

The Development of Interactive Learning Media in the 2013 Curriculum is a government effort to ensure that students have 21st-century skills. The goal of the conducted research is to develop valid interactive learning media on the topic of Newton's Law of Gravity. A field study revealed that students' critical and creative thinking skills in Newton's Law of Gravity were still low. Therefore, the existing problem was addressed by producing a product in the form of integrated learning media that fostered critical and creative thinking skills for high school students. The research conducted followed the Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, which was reduced to the Implementation stage. Three Physics lecturers from the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Education at State University of Padang (UNP) were involved in this research as validators, along with six Physics teachers from Padang City as practitioners. Validity test sheets were used as the data collection instrument in this research. During the data analysis phase, instrument validation and product validation were performed using the V Aiken Model Technique. The research results showed that the validated development instrument for the product category was valid. The average validity test score for the product was 0.79, which falls into the valid category. Therefore, it can be concluded that the interactive learning media developed in this study is considered valid.

Analysis of Quantum Physics Lectures from the Perspective of the MBKM and OBE Based Higher Education Curriculum

Lecture analysis in the core courses of the study program contributes to the evaluation of the curriculum used. This field study was carried out to analyze Quantum Physics lectures from the perspective of a university curriculum based on Independent Learning Campus (MBKM) and Outcome-Based Education (OBE). Data collection techniques were carried out through observing the implementation of learning in the Quantum Physics course, interviews with lecturers teaching quantum physics courses, and reviewing curriculum tools in the form of curriculum books, semester lecture plans (RPS), and assessment documents. The instruments used refer to content standards, process standards and learning assessment standards listed in Permendikbud Number 3 of 2020, Permendikbudristek Number 56 of 2022, and Permendikbudristek Number 53 of 2023. The participants involved in this research were a lecturer and 29 students of the undergraduate physics education study program at one of the universities in Garut Regency. The lecturer in question is a lecturer who teaches quantum physics courses, while the students in question are final year students who are taking quantum physics courses in the odd semester of the 2023/2024 academic year. Data collection was carried out over the period October – November 2024. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively using a data triangulation approach. The results of data analysis show that in the Bachelor of Physics Education curriculum, the Quantum Physics course is in the group of upper-level compulsory courses with physics concept study material. From an MBKM perspective, this course can be converted to Program Pertukaran Mahasiswa (PMM) and Program Magang dan Studi Independen Bersertifikat (MSIB), but cannot be converted to the Teaching Campus Program. Conversion to the PMM program is carried out by taking courses in other study programs that have course learning outcomes that are related to quantum physics. Conversions to the MSIB program are carried out at companies or agencies related to the application of quantum physics concepts. From an OBE perspective, this course contributes to graduate learning outcomes in Specific Skills and supports the graduate's profile as a Physics Teacher. The special skill in question is being able to apply mathematical models in explaining physical phenomena in learning.

Evaluasi Implementasi Blended Learning pada Mata Kuliah Fisika Modern dengan Model Diskrepansi

The purpose of this paper is to describe the essence that occurs at each stage in the discrepancy evaluation model which consists of the Design, Installation, Process and Product stages related to the Blended Learning method in the modern spectacles course at the Muslim University of Maros. Based on the type of research used, this research is included in program evaluation research using the discrepancy evaluation model. The research sample consisted of 14 people plus 1 modern physics lecturer. Data collection was carried out using a mixed method with data collection instruments using, (1) interview guidelines, (2) questionnaires with a Likert scale model and (3) documentation. The data analysis technique used for qualitative data is data analysis using the Miles and Huberman model. This data analysis technique consists of data collection, data reduction and drawing conclusions. As for the quantitative data, the data analysis technique used is quantitative descriptive analysis and the calculation of the coefficient of determination. The results showed that (1) there was no discrepancy in the design stage (2) there was a discrepancy in the installation stage of 0.04 (3) there was a discrepancy in the Process stage of 0.23 (4) there was a discrepancy in the Product stage of 0. 78. So that the Blended Learning lectures can be continued with suggestions for improvement, namely (1) Lecturers continue to carry out their obligations to carry out face-to-face lectures, (2) Require students to study material in Google Classroom, (3) Uploaded material has various forms.

Analysis of Learning Media Needs for Physics of Motion Course Based on Android Platform

Teaching and learning activities in the post-pandemic educational environment are already underway in both schools and universities. However, there are also those who still apply a hybrid learning system, one of which is the learning system at Indraprasta PGRI University which still applies a hybrid learning system, namely the physics of motion course. Utilizing Android-based learning media can enjoy learning experiences, facilitating access to various educational resources. It is important to know the needs of students and educators in the process of learning physics of motion to improve the quality of learning, namely by conducting a needs analysis. The aim of this research is to determine the importance of the need for Android-based motion physics learning media. The method used in the research is exploratory descriptive research. From the results of observations and interviews conducted with several motion physics lecturers and observing learning activities in class, the methods used in learning still use classical methods. Learning the physics of motion using Matlab requires a video guide so that it is easy for students to understand. From the results of filling out the questionnaire via a questionnaire, it can be concluded that the results of the analysis of students' needs for Android learning media in the physics of motion course showed that 88.31% answered that they agreed with the development of an Android-based motion physics learning application. So it can be concluded that the development of Android-based motion physics learning media is needed by Informatics Engineering students at Indraprasta PGRI University.

Learning Problems of Prospective Teachers in Lectures Modern Physics During the Covid-19 Pandemic

Since the COVID-19 pandemic hit the world, many problems have been caused by accompanying effects, including impacts in the field of education. This study aims to explore the problems faced by physics education study program students in modern physics lectures in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. The method used in this study is a qualitative description with a questionnaire as a data collection technique. A total of 28 students who contracted modern physics courses and two lecturers who taught modern physics courses were participants in this study. The collected data were analyzed descriptively-qualitatively. After data analysis, several problems faced by students in attending modern physics lectures can be identified, namely: difficulty mastering concepts, internet signal interference, less interesting/monotonous learning, and never doing modern physics practicum. Limited tools are the main factor in the inability to carry out practicum. Even though practicum allows students to master abstract concepts of modern physics. Based on these findings, further research can be carried out that can facilitate students to more easily master modern physics concepts that are integrated with a practicum in the learning process. Keywords: learning problems, prospective teachers, lectures modern physics, covid-19 pandemic

Problem-Based Learning Model Supported Phydia (PBL-Phydia) to Improve ICT Abilities

This research is motivated by the low level of physics learning activity using multimedia technology. This research aims to develop problem-based physics lectures supported by physics multimedia android (PBL-Phydia) to improve students' ICT skills. The research method used is the (R&D) method which refers to the ADDIE model. Subjects in the experimental class as a treatment class used Phydia as many as 17 students and the control class as a comparison class used PBL without the support of Phydia as many as 17 students. The results of the research have succeeded in developing a problem-based physics lecture design supported by Phydia with the characteristic of having a syntax consisting of five phases, and in each phase, there are independent learning activities with Phydia. The five phases are as follows: (1) Student orientation towards the problem; (2) Organizing students to study; (3) Independent and group investigations; (4) Develop and display artifacts and presentations, (5) Analyze and evaluate the problem-solving process on five lecture materials/topics related to physics. The test results show that Phydia is better able to improve ICT abilities. Keywords: Problem-based physics learning, physics multimedia android, ICT ability