Physical Spheres Research Articles

In Between Digital War and Peace

ABSTRACT The world can be divided into a digital sphere and a physical sphere. Within the realm of the physical sphere, Michael Walzer’s Just War Theory stands as a prominent framework for understanding the ethics of warfare. Is his theoretical framework also applicable to the digital sphere? This article studies whether elements of Walzer’s theory can be adapted to the context of digital conflict. Walzer divides countries into zones of peace, zones of war, and in-between zones. A country could then, for example, be a physical zone of peace but a digital zone of war. This article explores in which ways the defining characteristics of the different zones can be found in the digital sphere. It concludes that the digital sphere should mostly be seen as an in-between zone, with the problem of very unclear borders. Regarding Walzer’s theory, while it offers valuable insights when applied to the digital sphere, difficulties arise, underscoring the necessity for further research to refine the principles of just war within the digital sphere.

“This Bra Protects me Better than the Military”: Bodies and Protests in the Myanmar Spring Revolution

This article explores the gendered dynamics of revolutionary movements through a focus on women’s bodies as tools of resistance and protest. In the Myanmar Spring Revolution, gendered relations of power articulate with military authority to engender both women’s activism and military responses. To maintain power, the Myanmar military have sought to regulate women’s behaviour – and quell the protest – through attention to women’s bodies, sexuality, and reproductive potential. In response, women activists have mobilised against both state control and the violation of women’s bodies in imaginative and transgressive ways, using their bodies as well as gendered artefacts to subvert patriarchal and military norms. This analysis shows how women’s bodies constitute both the material object of protest – in the virtual and physical spheres – and the subject of resistance, aiming to challenge gendered logics. It means that the gendered body must be taken seriously in studies on revolutions and protests. The integral yet historically overlooked role of women in Myanmar’s revolutionary movements necessitates a gender-conscious analytical lens to fully comprehend the transformative potential and the power dynamics of such upheavals.

Correlation of indicators of heart rate autonomic regulation and socio-economic well-being in young people 16–18 years old living in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation

Background. The impact of natural and climatic factors on human health may change under the influence of other factors related to his socio-economic well-being. The aim of the study. To determine the correlation between indicators of heart rate variability and parameters of socio-economic well-being, quality of life of young people living in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (Arkhangelsk).Materials and methods. Parameters of Heart rate variability in 36 young men (16–18 years old) were determined at entry (5 minutes) and at a fixed breath rate (5 minutes). We used the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Version of questionnaire, Family Affluence Scale (FAS II) and a questionnaire reflecting the financial situation, composition, and large number of children in the participants’ families.Results. According to correlation analysis, a decrease in the number of family vacations per year and FAS-II scores is accompanied by an increase in sympathetic activity. Indicators of self-perceived health status, number of cars in the family, FAS-II score and family financial status are positively correlated with indicators of vagal activity. Parameters of the psychological sphere of life quality and family composition were negatively correlated with sympathetic activity; parameters of the physical sphere of life quality and the number of family vacations per year were negatively correlated with vagal activity (fixed breath rate).Conclusion. We identified specific indicators of socio-economic well-being that are most closely related to both the tension of the cardiac activity mechanisms and the decrease in vagal reserves of autonomic regulation in young men living in the Russian Arctic.

GERIATRIC ASPECTS OF THE ORGANIZATION OF MEDICAL-SOCIAL, PALLIATIVE AND HOSPICE CARE IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE WAR: COMBINATION OF MEDICAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL PROBLEMS

The aim of the study is to characterize, from the point of view of geriatric aspects, the current problems of the organization of medico-social, palliative and hospice care (PHC) and social services for palliative care in the war conditions based on multidisciplinary, interagency and inter-sectoral approaches, as well as a combination of medical, psychological and social problems. Materials and methods. The research materials were scientific literary sources and regulatory documents. A pilot survey of 200 people was conducted to study the psychological state and psychological support needs of the elderly and internally displaced persons (IDPs). The survey results of 3,705 client’s questionnaires of the “Vseturbota” Project were also evaluated, of which 63.6 % are people aged 67-84 years, 26.4 % are 85–101 years old. The following research methods were used in the work: bibliosemantic, sociological, system approach and system analysis. Results and discussion. After February 24, 2022, IDPs will experience significant difficulties, suffer from reduced income, increased dependence on humanitarian aid, do not feel safe and protected. All these are reflected in their psychological state. It was found that among respondents aged ≥75 years had the most people with medium (57.1 %) and low (25.0 %) levels of anxiety, 71.4 % had a low level of mood. 32.17 % of the “Vseturbota” Project clients needed additional consultation with a family doctor, 3.83 % needed consultation with a psychologist, and 3.35 % with other specialists. Most often, they needed help around the house (26.02 %), buying medicines/foodstuff (22.43 %), 34.97 % needed information, and 13.36 % needed psychological counseling. An important condition for providing geriatric patients, including IDPs, with affordable, high-quality and effective PHC is the creation of a system and service of ambulatory/mobile and inpatient PHC facilities and medico-social care. Conclusions. The military aggression of the Russian Federation caused considerable suffering to the population of Ukraine. The state of anxiety and fear has a negative impact not only on the psycho-emotional, but also on the physical sphere of the elderly, which necessitates the implementation of psychological services and effective strategies for overcoming stress and distress, which requires the development and implementation of mechanisms for interagency coordination and cooperation, involving and training of multidisciplinary teams’ specialists and volunteers, effective advocacy activities, etc.

The relationship between activities performed in the physical and digital spheres: Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns have created a unique forced experiment that enabled people worldwide to experience the maximum potential of digital life and virtual interaction. The unique situation of the first lockdown enables us to examine whether digital activities could be a substitutional lifestyle to activities performed in the physical space, and which physical activities are more likely to be substituted by a digital alternative. A survey conducted among 671 residents in the four central cities in Israel is used to examine the effect of the pandemic. We apply a classification tree model to analyze the influence of individuals’ behavior before the pandemic on two periods: (1) period with restrictions due to the pandemic; and (2) a period of a post-COVID-19. Results indicate that although the pandemic accelerated digital trends, the physical sphere will remain dominant in the long term. At the same time, activities related to retail have a higher possibility for substitution compared to entertainment and leisure activities. In addition, the usage of digital services before the pandemic and remote work accelerated the digital-physical substitution effect. Results also show a variation between cities, indicating that spatial or cultural aspects might influence the substitution between the spheres.

STUDY OF PATIENTS' QUALITY OF LIFE AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO AN ADDITIONAL DIAGNOSTIC METHOD IN THE EXAMINATION OF PATIENTS WITH DISLOCATED TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISKS

"Quality of life is a concept used to assess and measure the level of satisfaction, health, comfort and general well-being of a person or group of people".
 The aim of the study was to investigate the QOL indicators of patients with dislocated TMJ articular discs during examination and treatment.
 The objective of this study is to determine the impact on the QOL of patients' orthopedic treatment of TMJ disc dislocations.
 The number of examined patients was 50, age 25 to 60 years, patients had a dislocated TMJ disk.
 In this study, we compared the QOL indicators in patients with dislocated TMJ discs before and after treatment, using the WHO QOL-100 questionnaire.
 The results of the study showed that the average score of the perception of overall quality of life and health (G) after treatment improved significantly. The study was divided into spheres: "Physical sphere" fatigue has significantly decreased, the feeling of pain and discomfort has disappeared, sleep has normalized, energy and strength have increased; "Psychological sphere" feelings and thinking have become more positive, concentration, self-esteem and appearance have improved, and anxiety has decreased; "Level of independence" increased daily activity and performance; "Social relationships" improved perception of relationships in society; "Environment" normalized general health of patients; in the "Spiritual sphere" patients became more confident.
 Thus, after orthopedic treatment of TMJ articular disc dislocations, QOL of patients improves significantly. The study of QOL in patients in the treatment of TMJ dislocations can be used as a diagnostic criterion for patient recovery.
 Directions for future research: the use of QOL research in assessing the quality of care of orthopedic dentists in the treatment of patients with TMJ dislocations.

Mapping Everyday Public Spaces in Urban Neighbourhoods

Central public spaces in cities have always played an important role in urban experience, and continue to have a city-wide significance, often described as the meeting spaces of cultures, politics, social and individual trajectories. Peripheral and/or neighbourhood public spaces, where the everyday life of citizens unfolds, rarely enjoy any of this significance and may not receive the attention needed from the main stakeholders involved. Many researchers have highlighted the significance of these public spaces in cities, pointing out that the patterns of everyday life in residential neighbourhoods – whether it is the chance encounters in the local market or conversations in the local square– are the essential material of society and may well have integrative social functions, of an individual or collective initiative. This paper aims at an empirical contribution to a better understanding of the synthesizing mechanisms, which shape public spaces in cities’ neighbourhoods, by addressing the variety of factors involved and their relations and by highlighting the need for manifold perspectives on the localized ‘meaning’ of places, constructed, and shaped by local practices and behaviours. Drawing on the theoretical framework of relational theories, the paper sets out to explore the links between the physical sphere and the social sphere of three different residential public spaces in the city of Limassol, critically exploring the ways in which the boundaries of public space are challenged and negotiated. Both spatial analysis and social sciences methods are employed to map and unveil the essential role residential public spaces play, in bringing together what society divides in contemporary, multicultural cities, where multiplicities of identities, languages, religions and cultures may naturally give rise to tensions and even hostilities. The potential for interaction and meetings between different people backgrounds in the public realm is shown to be a crucial prerequisite for shaping encounters during their everyday life, encouraging tolerance and a feeling of belonging.

Somatic rights: protection of the physical sphere of human dignity and autonomy

It is certain that today in a world that is constantly changing and developing, issues of somatic rights are becoming more and more relevant and important. With the development of the Internet and social networks, the threat of cyberbullying and technological violence, which can violate the somatic rights of individuals, has increased. This becomes an urgent problem that needs to be addressed and dealt with.
 It has been established that somatic rights are one of the most important rights of a person that relate to his physical body and health. These rights recognize inviolability, privacy and control over one’s own body. They are fundamental for the dignified and free life of every person and are protected by law and international conventions.
 It is emphasized that reproductive health is not limited to the ability to have children. It also includes ensuring physical, psychological and social well-being in the field of reproduction. Inadequate access to reproductive services can lead to serious health problems that affect a person’s overall health and quality of life. Ensuring equal opportunities for women and men in terms of reproductive health is an important aspect of gender equality. Access to reproductive services should be provided regardless of gender, ethnicity, social status, etc. This helps to take into account the individual needs and rights of each person.
 In summary, somatic rights are important for ensuring the physical and psychological well-being of every person. They protect inviolability, privacy and control over one’s own body and are a fundamental component of a dignified life. Ensuring the protection of these rights is the task of both the legal state and society in general, and requires attention to the needs and rights of each person.

Self-assessment of the health-related quality of life among students

The article is relevant due to the global changes in the country associated with COVID-19, which has had a huge impact on the society, in particular on young people, on their health, and quality of life. Purpose of the study: to analyze the self-assessment of health-related quality of life among students. To analyze the subjective self-assessment of health, official data from the 2022 Sample Population Health Survey conducted by the Federal State Statistics Service are presented. A sample observation of the health status of the population reveals that the majority of the population in the Russian Federation aged 20 to 39 years subjectively assess their health as “good”; however, 50% of the population aged 20 to 39 years have not undergone medical examination within last two years. The empirical study was conducted using a measuring tool – the WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire. The questionnaire measures an individual’s perception of health-related quality of life. The respondents were students studying at the North-Eastern Federal University and the Arctic State Institute of Culture and Arts. A study of self-assessment in six areas of health-related quality of life reveals that among students, “average” and “increased” indicators in all areas predominate. At the same time, boys have higher indicators of quality of life areas such as “level of independence” and “social relationships” than girls. The lowest indicator among all respondents is the “physical sphere”. In the general subjective self-assessment of the quality of life and health, for four global questions it was revealed that respondents assess their health and quality of life as “good”, which corresponds to the all-Russian trend.

Modern content for personalized rehabilitation of patients with a consequences of traumatic brain injury

Objective: to substantiate the significance of quality of life indicators in the formation of modern content of personalized rehabilitation of patients with a consequences of traumatic brain injury. Material and methods. The study included 414 respondents of working age (93.6% men). 54% of the respondents had a traumatic brain injury within 1 to 5 years, in 62,0%, cases the traumatic brain injury was of severe degree. Longitudinal sociological study of the quality of life using the WHOQOL-100 questionnaire was carried out. The Dembo-Rubinstein test was used to diagnose the adequacy of self-assessment of the respondents with TBI. The dynamics of the respondents' neurological status and quality of life were assessed annually during 2020-2022. Results. In the annual study, 64.7% of respondents showed clinical deterioration in 96% of cases, which was manifested by increased severity of general cerebral symptoms, cognitive impairment, and asthenic syndrome. In 4.0% of cases new symptoms manifested (posttraumatic epilepsy). In the dynamic of respondents' quality of life, clinical deterioration in parameters "Physical sphere", "Psychological sphere", "Environment" and "General quality of life and health status" was revealed. Conclusion. In the absence of specific laboratory markers in clinical practice and not always sufficient informativeness of neuroimaging methods for the verification of the consequences of traumatic brain injury, the quality of life can be considered as an important criterion of prognosis, which determines the content of personalised rehabilitation of patients with the consequences of traumatic brain injury.

A psychological intervention based on cognitive‐behavioural therapy reduces psychopathological symptoms that indirectly influence the heart rate via cortisol in hypertensive patients: Preliminary results of a pilot study

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of cognitive‐behavioural therapy (CBT) integrated with psychoeducation in a group of hypertensive patients with clinically significant psychopathological symptoms.MethodsOne hundred hypertensive patients completed the Symptom Checklist‐90‐Revised. Of them, 17 scored above the clinical range (cut‐off = 0.75) on the Global Severity Index and were included in the study. Psychological distress was assessed again after the intervention (T1) and 6 months after the end of treatment (T2). In addition, the cortisol dosage and the heart rate (HR) measurement were collected at both T0 and T2. Then, mediation analyses were carried out to calculate whether psychopathological distress might predict HR through elevated serum cortisol levels, at both T0 and T2.ResultsThe psychological intervention (CBT integrated with psychoeducation) reduced most of the psychopathological symptoms (anxiety, depression, somatisations, obsessions and compulsions, hostility, interpersonal sensitivity and paranoid ideation) but not cortisol dosage and HR measurement. However, psychological distress indirectly predicted HR via cortisol at T0 but not at T2.ConclusionThese results suggest and encourage the replicability of data in larger sample sizes and the comparison with a control group. Nevertheless, these results highlight a need for a multidimensional assessment of disorders affecting the mental and physical spheres of patients to support their overall well‐being.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФОРМУВАННЯ В СТУДЕНТІВ МОТИВАЦІЇ В ОСВІТНІЙ СФЕРІ ФІЗИЧНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ ТА СПОРТУ

The article examines the topic of the influence of motivation on students in the field of physical education and sports. The basis of any activity is motivation, because a person's interest, activity, purposefulness, focus on satisfying one's needs, and determination of life orientation depend on it. Motivation usually means the process of inducing activity to achieve a set goal. In connection with the fact that the goal of higher professional education is the training of highly qualified specialists, competitive on the labor market, working in their specialty, the requirements for high quality education, both for the system as a whole and for the level of teaching activity, in particular, are increasing. The obtained data reveal the structure of students' motivation and indicate the need to intervene in the process of its formation. Physical education is a special process that concerns the biological, social, and psychological activity of an individual. The traditional way of mastering the values of physical culture with the priority of physical training, aimed at the implementation of unified program credit standards, is only the basis for the formation of the entire system of values of physical culture, which are far from being exhausted only by the physical conditions of a young person and represent unity in the development of the spiritual and physical spheres. Motivation for physical activity is a special state of personality aimed at achieving an optimal level of physical fitness and work capacity. The process of forming interest in physical education and sports is a multi-stage process: from the first elementary hygienic knowledge and skills to deep psychophysiological knowledge of the theory and methods of physical education and intensive sports. The success of students in physical education in higher education depends on the effectiveness of organized classes starting from the 1st year. With this in mind, it can be argued that motivation for students is the most effective way to improve the learning process. Motives are the driving forces of the learning process in mastering the material. Key words: motivation, motivational factors, educational activity, physical culture, sport.

Introduction of the Personal Domain in Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH), a New Approach to Identify Missing Health Impacts.

The water sanitation and hygiene (WASH) sector has provided beneficiaries in low and middle-income countries with latrines and clean water for decades. However, we still need good evidence documenting the expected health impact. This paper investigates why we lack this evidence and ways to move forward. Using mTEC agar, we monitored E. coli contamination on selected "hotspot" surfaces within the kitchen environments of 32 low-income households in Dhaka, Bangladesh, every six weeks for two years. Despite being washed, the highest average contamination was found on food plates, at 253 cfu/10 cm2, followed by cutting knives, with 240 cfu/10 cm2. The drinking vessel surfaces and the latrine doorknobs had the lowest contaminations, with E. coli means of 167 and 73 cfu/10 cm2, respectively. These findings imply a need to measure an individual's pathogen exposure as close to the mouth as possible to estimate the true pathogen exposure. The paper proposes introducing the new "personal domain"-the point of consumption-as the physical sphere in which WASH interventions should be assessed. With this approach, we can observe and quantify the different pathogen exposure routes and, with this, further improve WASH interventions.

Grandchildren of grandparents with Alzheimer’s disease: Exploratory study of the impact of the disease on their relationships

The aim of this study was to describe the perception of changes that Alzheimer's disease in grandparents has made to the relationship with their grandchildren of between 6 and 13. Qualitative methodology was used. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 25 grandchildren living in Catalonia, Spain. Participants reported a change in roles from being the care receiver to being the caregiver, changes in the activities that they did together and a positive impact on the grandparent's emotional wellbeing. In the physical sphere, sleeping problems were reported in grandchildren that cohabited with their grandparents. The feelings they described include fear of not being recognized by their grandparents and sadness, as well as satisfaction resulting from their affection and participating in caring. These findings suggest the need to provide information and resources for grandchildren and their families to enable them to deal with the disease.

Health-related quality of life of the persons with prelingual hearing loss in early adulthood

The paper presents research on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in young adults diagnosed with various degrees of prelingual hearing loss. HRQoL was measured using the Assessment of Quality of Life (AQoL-8d) questionnaire that allows assessment of the overall health-related quality of life and the dimensions such as independence, senses, pain, mental health, happiness, coping, (social) relations, and self-esteem. The study included 27 persons with hearing loss. Most of them were persons with moderate hearing loss using conventional hearing aids. The control group also included persons with normal hearing matched in age and sex. We found that the overall HRQoL in the studied group with prelingual hearing loss was significantly lower than in the hearing group. It was also lower in the dimensions of independence, pain, and senses (physical sphere) and relations (psychosocial sphere). In psychosocial sphere in the dimensions such as mental health, coping, and self-esteem, the hearing-impaired group obtained lower scores than the hearing group at the level of statistical tendency. Moreover, higher education was related to the higher HRQoL in the physical sphere in general, including in the dimension of independence, but only in the group with hearing loss.Our results indicate that people with prelingual hearing loss require psychological support especially in interpersonal relationships self-esteem, and mental health, as well as hearing and speech rehabilitation to improve their auditory communication with the environment. Further research is required for the greater intensity and frequency of pain experienced in the study group of people with prelingual hearing loss compared to the hearing group.

The Logic Doctrine of A.A. Zinoviev

The article is devoted to the analysis of the main provisions of A.A. Zinoviev’s logic doctrine. The author shows Zinoviev’s evolution from the traditional view of the formal logic as knowledge of the laws and regulations of correct thinking to the understanding of it as the science that deals with the aspects of natural language that make it the instrument of thinking and comprehension. According to Zinoviev, the logic singles out and abstracts in language phenomena certain structural components that form the structure of knowledge irrespective of whether this knowledge pertains to the sphere of physics, biology, history, sociology etc. The laws and regulations prescribed by it are not discovered by people, but are invented by them in the process of cognition methods perfecting. The author characterizes Zinoviev’s innovative contribution to the development of non-standard logics, and above all, multivalued logic, succession theory, logic principles of the natural and social science methodology, as well as to the creation of complex logic. The author shows the actual importance of Zinoviev’s logic and methodological legacy for the development of scientifi c perception and for the resistance to the phenomenon that the thinker referred to as the threatof mass stupefaction.

The CIA 3.0 and EDE-Q questionnaire as a tool for assessing eating disorders among students of the Academy of Applied Sciences in Nowy Sacz

Introduction Eating disorders are a serious problem affecting people of all ages and genders, cultures and origins, affecting not only the physical sphere, but above all the human psyche. In many cases, they are still taboo, as eating disorder issues can often be mistaken for trivialities. Their psychopathology is very complex and it is impossible to pinpoint a single cause. However, it is indisputable that food intake is related to the physiological, but also psychological and social spheres. The core of psychopathology is a distorted perception of the importance of figure, weight, appearance and their constant control. Aim The aim of the study was to determine the scale of eating disorders among students of ANS in Nowy Sącz and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the change in body weight of students. Material and methods The research tool was a questionnaire developed on the basis of the EDE-Q 6.0 and CIA 3.0 questionnaires (Christopher et al., 2008), consisting of open and closed questions regarding the perception of the importance of one's figure, body weight, appearance and their control. Based on the students' answers, the body mass index before and after the pandemic was calculated COVID-19, and also analyzed answers that may indicate problems with nutrition and attitude to your own body. The study was conducted online via the Google Forms online survey platform, in the period from 7 to 21 October 2022, on a representative group of 255 students of the Academy of Applied Sciences in Nowy Sącz. Results The survey participants were mostly young women (average age 21.24), undergraduate full-time students, living in rural areas. There were no significant differences in body mass index (BMI) between men and women before and during the pandemic. In the study group, the question concerning the influence of diet, physical exercise or feelings regarding nutrition, figure and body weight deserve attention, with more than 50% of students indicating the influence of the above-mentioned factors. factors for: critical thinking about yourself, source of nervousness, worry, making you feel guilty, or feeling ashamed of yourself. In the questions regarding the sense of satisfaction with their figure, body weight and appearance, over 50% of students indicated a lack of satisfaction, i.e. a negative perception of themselves in terms of body weight (striving to lose weight, fear of gaining weight, feeling of being fat, limiting amount of food eaten). Conclusion Based on the conducted research, it can be concluded that students of the ANS in Nowy Sącz are at risk of eating disorders. It is therefore worth taking preventive measures aimed at raising awareness of the scale of the problem and popularizing the available forms of psychological support in this area.

Активность образа жизни, субъективное здоровье и субъективное благополучие детей старшего подросткового и юношеского возраста в Российской Федерации

<p>The article presents the results obtained within the framework of the All-Russian empirical study "Subjective well-being of older adolescent and adolescent children in the Russian Federation" (2021), in which 10626 respondents (13-17 years old) from 22 regions of the Russian Federation participated. Interest in the topic is due to anxiety for the physical and psychological health of the younger generation entering adulthood. The obtained results made it possible to prove the existence of a positive close relationship between satisfaction with one's own activity in the social and physical spheres, subjective health, comfort of the educational environment and the summary score of subjective well-being (hereinafter SB) among the study participants. The identified age and gender patterns of changes in the level of closeness of the scales with the SB, a comparative analysis of satisfaction ratings with them in dynamics indicated their dependence on puberty and adolescent crises. It is shown that girls rate their "activity" and "comfort of the educational environment" lower than boys and are less vulnerable to stress associated with leaving school. It was revealed that in informants with disabilities, the assessments of their activity and subjective health have a negative age dynamic, in contrast to conditionally healthy ones. Living in ecologically unfavorable (polluted) and hard-to-reach territories has a negative impact on respondents' assessments of activity and subjective health.</p>

Analytical solution for acoustic radiation force on a sphere near a planar boundary.

Acoustic radiation force on a sphere in an inviscid fluid near a planar boundary, which may be rigid or pressure release, is calculated using spherical wave functions to expand the total pressure field. The condition at the boundary is satisfied with the addition of a reflected wave and an image sphere. The total pressure field, which is exact in the linear approximation, is composed of the incident field, the reflected field, and the scattered fields due to the physical sphere and the image sphere. The expansion coefficients for the pressure field are used to evaluate the acoustic radiation force on the sphere using a known analytical expression obtained from integration of the radiation stress tensor. Calculations illustrate the influence of multiple scattering effects on the radiation force acting on the sphere. The model applies to compressible and elastic spheres and for any incident field structure. An approximation is introduced that extends the analytical model to other types of interfaces, including a fluid-fluid interface. The analytical model is validated by comparisons with an independent finite element model.

Структура простых акциональных предложений в корякском языке и пути их метафоризации

The Koryak language features an isosemic way of expressing an action model in the form of an elementary simple sentence, including a subject in the form of the ergative or instrumental case, an object in the form of the absolutive, and an action predicate. The case used for marking the subject-agent depends on its belonging to a particular part of speech, with personal pronouns marked with the ergative case and nouns with the instrumental one. The way of expressing an object cannot be varied: it always takes the form of an absolute case. The position of an instrument is optional: it is implemented if a predicate or a linguistic situation requires it and is formed by the instrumental case. The instrument represents a dependent reduced action proposition: “who does what” and, at the same time, “who uses what” to implement the action expressed by the main proposition. It is possible for the action model to be metaphorically transferred from the physical sphere to the intellectual, mental, and social spheres. When transferred to the intellectual sphere, the action model indicates the transfer of an ideal object, that of information; when transferred to the mental sphere, it denotes auditory and visual perception; when transferred to the social sphere, it expresses the meaning of possession.