Improvements In Physical Fitness Research Articles

Development of Sand Court Training Program to Enhance Physical Fitness and Skills in Novice Badminton

Background and Aims: The creation of a sand court training program presents a special chance for inexperienced badminton players to improve their abilities and physical condition. Because sand offers resistance, players must move and footwork with more effort, which increases their agility and endurance. The uneven surface also forces players to hone their technique, which improves balance and coordination—two skills necessary for winning the game. Thus, this study aims to investigate the effects of sand court training programs on the physical fitness and skills of novice badminton students, particularly in comparison to traditional synthetic court training. Methodology: The sample group consisted of 10 first-year students from Guangdong University of Business Studies, comprising 5 males and 5 females, all of whom had no prior experience in badminton training. Purposive sampling was employed to ensure participants had consistent backgrounds in badminton skill training. The primary tool utilized in this study was a sand court badminton training plan designed by experts, rather than questionnaire surveys. T-test statistical analysis was employed to analyze participants' physical fitness and skill test results before and after the training. Results: After 8 weeks of sand court training, participants showed significant improvements in both physical fitness (including balance, endurance, explosiveness, flexibility, and speed) and badminton skills (including serving accuracy, smashing accuracy, blocking accuracy, footwork, and defense). In comparison to traditional synthetic court training, sand court training provided participants with more challenges and better training outcomes. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that sand court training effectively enhances the physical fitness and badminton skills of beginners. Therefore, compared to traditional synthetic court training, sand court training offers superior training effects, providing a new perspective on badminton training methods and highlighting the potential value of incorporating sand court training into training programs.

The Effect of the Sports Club Model on the Physical Fitness Improvement of Female Students at Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City

The Effect of the Sports Club Model on the Physical Fitness Improvement of Female Students at Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City

Recreational beach tennis training reduces ambulatory blood pressure in adults with hypertension: a randomized clinical trial.

To determine the effect of 12 weeks of beach tennis training on 24-h ambulatory blood pressure in adults with essential hypertension. This was a randomized, single-blinded, two-arm, parallel superiority trial. Forty-two participants aged 35-65 years with a previous diagnosis of hypertension were randomized into 12 weeks of beach tennis training group (two sessions per week lasting 45-60 min) or a nonexercising control group. Ambulatory 24 h (primary outcome) and office blood pressure, heart rate at rest, cardiorespiratory fitness, and muscle strength were assessed at baseline and after the intervention period. Generalized estimating equation analyses were employed to examine the main effects of the interventions. In the beach tennis group, night-time systolic (-9 mmHg, P = 0.023), diastolic (-4 mmHg, P = 0.026), and mean arterial pressure (-7 mmHg, P = 0.023) decreased after 12 weeks of training. The office SBP/DBP (-6 mmHg, P = 0.016/-6 mmHg, P = 0.001) also decreased in the beach tennis group. Heart rate at rest decreased in the beach tennis group (-4 bpm, P = 0.012) but increased in the control group (6 bpm, P = 0.005). The lower and upper limb muscle strength increased in the beach tennis group after training. However, no such changes were observed in the control group. A 12-week recreational beach tennis training significantly reduced office and ambulatory BP among untrained adults with essential hypertension. Additionally, participation in this sport has led to improvements in physical fitness and overall cardiovascular risk profiles.This clinical trial was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03909321).

Spatial non-equilibrium and distribution dynamic evolution of the development level of national physical fitness in China's provinces.

Physical health is fundamental to a country's socio-economic advancement. An in-depth exploration of the spatial distribution and dynamic evolution of national physical fitness across China is crucial for enhancing the country's overall physical health. This study aims to provide valuable insights into the geographical and temporal patterns of physical fitness, informing strategies for national physical fitness improvement. Employing data from China's national physical fitness monitoring of 31 provinces, cities, and districts for the years 2005, 2010, and 2015, this study utilizes the Gini coefficient, its decomposition, and nonparametric density estimation methods. These techniques are applied to analyze the spatial disparities and temporal trends in national physical fitness levels among different demographics, including the overall population, males, females, and urban and rural residents. The study reveals that the regional disparity in China's national physical fitness initially narrowed and then expanded across the general population, females, and in both urban and rural areas, while consistently increasing among males. In terms of geographical distribution, the East, Middle, and West regions show significant heterogeneity, with the East-West gap being the most pronounced (Gini coefficients of 0.0249, 0.0230, 0.0263). The contribution rate of regional gaps was highest (54.40% -64.69%), followed by regional disparities (24.78% -27.15%), and the contribution of hypervariable density difference was the smallest (10.53% -19.75%). Despite a slight improvement in overall national physical fitness, the absolute regional disparities have further widened. Provinces with lower levels of national physical fitness demonstrate a 'club convergence' trend, indicating regional clustering of similar fitness levels. Additionally, a 'catch-up effect' is evident in rural areas, particularly in provinces with historically lower levels of national physical fitness. These findings suggest the need for region-specific public health strategies to address the growing disparities in national physical fitness across China.

Impact of Yoga Intervention on Physical Fitness Parameters in Preadolescent Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Purpose:This study aims to assess the impact of yoga on physical fitness among healthy primary school children using a randomized control design. Material and Methods:A total of 52 children, aged 8-13, were randomly assigned to either the Yoga Group (n = 27, mean age = 10.48 ± 1.25 years) or the Control Group (n = 25, mean age = 11.20 ± 1.50 years). The participants underwent evaluation using the EUROFIT Test Battery as the primary outcome measure.The Yoga Group engaged in 45-minute yoga sessions twice a week for a duration of 10 weeks, while the Control Group received no intervention. Outcome assessments were repeated at the conclusion of the 10-week intervention period. Results:Significantly positive enhancements were observed in the Yoga Group across various components of the EUROFIT Test Battery, including balance, speed, flexibility, muscle endurance, and cardiovascular endurance. Conclusion:These findings demonstrate that yoga interventions contribute to improvements in physical fitness among preadolescent children. Consequently, incorporating yoga exercises into the school curriculum is recommended, given their efficacy, minimal resource requirements, and positive impact on sports readiness.

Multicomponent versus aerobic exercise intervention: Effects on hemodynamic, physical fitness and quality of life in adult and elderly cardiovascular disease patients: A randomized controlled study

ObjectiveCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a leading cause of mortality globally, emphasizing the need for effective preventive measures. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a multicomponent compared to an aerobic training program on the hemodynamic parameters, physical fitness, psychophysical health status and quality of life (QoL) of adults and elderly with stabilized CVDs. MethodsThirty-three subjects (19M and 14F; age 69.5 ± 4.9 years; BMI 27.34 ± 4.95 kg/m2) suffering from CVDs voluntarily participated in this 10-week randomized controlled study and were allocated into three groups: multicomponent training group (MTG; 6M, 6F; cardiorespiratory, resistance, flexibility and breathing exercises; 60′, 2d·wk-1), aerobic training group (ATG; 7M, 5F; aerobic-only training; 60′, 2d·wk-1) or a wait-list control group (CG; 6M, 3F; no PA). Hemodynamic parameters were assessed through resting hearth rate (RHR) and peripheral-systolic and diastolic blood pressure (P-SBP/P-DBP). Physical fitness was assessed via a 30” chair stand test (30CST), timed up and go (TUG) test, handgrip strength (HGS) test, and 2’ step test (TMST). The health status, QoL and enjoyment were evaluated with short form-12 (SF-12), world health organization quality of life-bref (WHOQoL-bref) and physical activity enjoyment scale (PACES), respectively. ResultsAfter the intervention, MTG showed significant improvements in hemodynamic parameters (95 % CI, RHR: 2.76 to 9.07; P-SBP: 3.28 to 13.71; P-DBP: 3.56 to 8.94; p < 0.001), physical fitness (95 % CI, 30CST: 4.42 to −1.90; TUG: 0.56 to 1.58; TMST: 35.24 to −18.58; Dominant HGS: 4.00 to −1.65; Undominant HGS: 2.87 to −0.79, p < 0.001) and enjoyment (PACES: 15.18 to −5.48, p < 0.001) compared to CG; ATG showed significant improvement in hemodynamic parameters (95 % CI, RHR: 1.76 to 8.07; P-SBP: 3.19 to 13.63; P-DBP: 4.47 to 9.85, p < 0.001), physical fitness (95 % CI, 30CST: 2.59 to −0.07; TUG: 0.03 to 1.05; Dominant HGS: 2.42 to −0.07, p < 0.05; TMST: 36.08 to −19.41, p < 0.001) and enjoyment (PACES: 14.68 to −4.98, p < 0.001) compared to CG. No significant changes were observed in QoL and SF-12 (p > 0.05). Significant differences between MTG and ATG were only found in physical fitness variables (95 % CI, 30CST: 3.21 to −0.45, p < 0.01; Dominant HGS: 0.00 to 3.00, p < 0.05). ConclusionsFindings showed significant improvements in hemodynamic parameters and physical fitness suggesting the effectiveness of the multicomponent exercise program, similar to aerobic-only training, and greater efficacy for lower limb strength and dominant hand grip strength in adults and elderly with stabilized CVDs. Both exercise groups showed similar levels of enjoyment.

SPIKES: Skills and Performance Inventory as Kinesiological Assessment for Empowerment of Sepaktakraw Athletes

This research presents a comprehensive assessment of Sepaktakraw athletes at Batangas State University (BatStateU) TNEU, aiming to enhance athlete development through evidence-based methodologies. Recognizing the global trend towards universities' pivotal role in athlete development, the study addresses the diverse landscape of sports programs, particularly focusing on Sepaktakraw in the Philippines. BatStateU's visionary 5-year development plan emphasizes creating champion athletes, aligning with global trends and emphasizing sports infrastructure and training programs. However, the study identifies an opportunity to enhance training programs by introducing the SPIKES program, incorporating kinesiological assessments for a more scientific and tailored approach. Using a descriptive survey methodology, the research integrates Physical Fitness and Skill-specific Performance Tests to evaluate Sepaktakraw athletes comprehensively. Anthropometric profiling revealed diverse body compositions, while physical fitness assessments highlighted variations in speed, agility, strength, and more. Skill-specific performance evaluations in serving, spiking, and game-specific skills provided insights into athletes' proficiency levels. Results categorized athletes into four kinesiological profiles (A, B, C, D), guiding the design of personalized training programs. The Skill-Specific Training Program, unfolding over 12 weeks, targets specific improvements in physical fitness and skills. This evidence-based approach offers a systematic framework for optimizing Sepaktakraw athletes' performance, providing valuable insights for coaches, trainers, and athletes alike. The study not only enhances BatStateU's athlete development initiatives but also serves as a model for personalized and scientifically rigorous training programs in Sepaktakraw and potentially other sports.

Improvement of physical fitness through electronic modules based on play activities

Improvement of physical fitness through electronic modules based on play activities

Evaluating the feasibility and acceptability of a co-designed physical activity intervention for rural middle schoolers: a pilot study

BackgroundLack of physical activity is a concern for children across diverse backgrounds, particularly affecting those in rural areas who face distinct challenges compared to their urban counterparts. Community-derived interventions are needed that consider the unique context and additional physical activity barriers in under-resourced rural settings. Therefore, a prospective pre-post pilot/feasibility study of Hoosier Sport was conducted over 8-weeks with 6th and 7th grade children in a low-socioeconomic rural middle school setting. The primary objective of the present study was to assess trial- and intervention-related feasibility indicators; and the secondary objective was to collect preliminary assessment data for physical activity levels, fitness, psychological needs satisfaction, and knowledge of physical activity and nutrition among participating youth.MethodsThis prospective 8-week pilot/feasibility study took place in the rural Midwestern United States where twenty-four middle school students participated in a mixed-methods pre-post intervention during physical education classes. The intervention included elements like sport-based youth development, individualized goal setting, physical activity monitoring, pedometer usage, and health education. Data were collected at baseline (T1) and post-intervention (T3), with intermediate measures during the intervention (T2). Qualitative data were integrated through semi-structured interviews. Analytical methods encompassed descriptive statistics, correlations, repeated measures ANOVA, and thematic analysis.ResultsKey findings indicate robust feasibility, with intervention-related scores (FIM, AIM, and IAM) consistently surpassing the “good” threshold and 100% retention and recruitment success. Additionally, participants showed significant physical performance improvement, shifting from the 25th to the 50th percentile in the 6-minute walk test (p < 0.05). Autonomy and competence remained high, reflecting positive perceptions of program practicality. Nutrition knowledge, initially low, significantly improved at post-intervention (p < 0.01), highlighting the efficacy of targeted nutritional education in Hoosier Sport.ConclusionsThis study pioneers a community-engaged model for physical activity intervention in under-resourced rural settings. Positive participant feedback, coupled with improvements in physical fitness and psychosocial factors, highlights the potential of the co-design approach. The findings offer valuable insights and a practical template for future community-based research, signaling the promising impact of such interventions on holistic well-being. This research lays the foundation for subsequent phases of the ORBIT model, emphasizing collaborative, community-driven approaches to address the complex issue of declining physical activity levels among adolescents.

Optimizing adolescent health: Investigating physical activity’s impact on fitness, working memory, and academic performance

This quasi-experimental study investigates the intricate relationship among adolescents’ physical activity, working memory, and academic performance, recognizing their significance in adolescent development. Employing a quasi-experimental design, 85 13-year-olds from a Taiwanese junior high school were involved. Data scrutiny was facilitated through Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA), with the mediation effect explored via Smart Partial Least Squares structural equation modeling (Smart PLS-SEM). Findings indicate significant improvements in physical fitness among both aerobic and resistance exercise groups compared to controls. Additionally, both exercise cohorts demonstrated a stronger positive association with verbal working memory scores than the control group. Intriguingly, visuospatial working memory fully mediated the relationship between resistance exercise and science performance. These results highlight the potential advantages of incorporating brief daily exercise sessions to bolster adolescent physical fitness and emphasize the mediating function of working memory in connecting physical activity with academic accomplishment. This study furnishes valuable insights for educators and policymakers striving to enhance adolescent well-being and academic achievement through targeted interventions.

Integrating Electroencephalography with Motophysic training: Assessing the shift in fitness and cognitive functions in elite youth soccer players

Motor and physical fitness play a crucial role to optimize the player performance in the soccer game. Implementing a customized workout schedule targeting Motophysic Fitness (MPF) helps to elevate their on-field performance. The present study was aimed to assess the impact of a 12-week MPF Training program targeted to have improvements in physical fitness for elite soccer players. MPF training program was implemented during the off-season for youth soccer players with average age (20 ± 1 years), height (1.75 ± 0.5 m) weight (64.3 ± 5.7 kg). Soccer-related fitness traits were assessed to evaluate performance levels, while Electroencephalography (EEG) was utilized for cognitive assessment. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the outcome of the fitness traits. Significant improvements were observed across diverse fitness traits, with mean values increasing by a minimum of 2 % and a maximum of 5 %. Speed emerged as a predominant contributor, showing a robust correlation (Adjusted R2 = 0.84), while agility, strength, power, endurance, balance, coordination, and reaction time also displayed substantial improvements. Despite observable gains in flexibility, its impact on overall fitness appeared comparatively modest (Adjusted R2 = 0.23). Z-test confirmed the statistical significance of all fitness assessments post-MPF, with p-values less than 0.05 for each test. Features extracted from EEG highlighted the improvement in cognitive ability before and after training.

The individualization of the educational and training process in fencing in the context of improving efficiency and health of young athletes of different ages

Background and Study Aim. Optimizing the training process in fencing for athletes of different ages, genders, and levels of preparedness is key to achieving high results without compromising health. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a physical and technical-tactical readiness program for young fencers in mixed age groups. Materials and Methods. The study involved 22 epee fencers, aged between 6 to 17 years. Athletes were divided into two groups by age and level of preparedness: group 1 (10-16 years) and group 2 (6-12 years). The training program lasted for 12 months, including specialized exercises and tests to evaluate progress in physical and technical-tactical readiness. The experiment was conducted in Kharkiv, Ukraine, located in a war zone since February 2022. Requirements of the military administration for ensuring the safety of the experiment participants were met. Results. As a result of the study, both groups showed significant improvement in physical fitness and technical-tactical skills. In group 1, improvements were identified in the "Shuttle Run" and "Standing Long Jump" tests (p &lt; 0.05), while in group 2, there was an alignment among participants in test indicators (p &lt; 0.05). The increase in the level of technical-tactical preparedness and coordination abilities was also confirmed by the improvement in test results (p&lt;0.01). Conclusions. The proposed program underscores the importance of adapting the training process to the individual needs of fencers from various age groups. Such an approach not only facilitates their athletic development but also enhances health levels and overall physical fitness. These results offer valuable insights for coaches aiming to maximize their students' potential while simultaneously reducing health risks.

Associations of Reallocating Sedentary Time to Physical Activity and Sleep with Physical and Mental Health of Older Adults.

Twenty-four-hour movement behaviors: moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity (LPA), sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep are crucial factors affecting older adults' health. Using a compositional data analysis approach, this study examined the associations of time spent in these four movement behaviors with cardiometabolic health, physical fitness, and mental health among older adults. Furthermore, this study identified the estimated changes in aforementioned health outcomes by reallocating SB time to other movement behaviors. A population-based cross-sectional study of 4562 participants (67.68 ± 5.03 yr; 55.8% female) were implemented in Hubei China between July 25 and November 19, 2020. Measures included demographics, movement behaviors, cardiometabolic indicators (body mass index, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, percentage body fat, systolic and diastolic blood pressure), physical fitness, and mental health outcomes (depressive symptoms and loneliness). Compositional data analyses were implemented in R. MVPA and sleep time were associated with greater health outcomes (all P < 0.001), except blood pressure ( P = 0.13-0.83). LPA time was associated with waist circumference ( B = 0.313, P = 0.009), waist-hip ratio ( B = 0.003, P = 0.003), physical fitness ( B = 0.36, P < 0.001), and mental health indicators (both P < 0.001). Reallocating 30-min SB to MVPA and sleep was associated with predicated improvements in all health outcomes, except blood pressure, whereas reallocating 30-min SB to LPA resulted in predicted improvements in physical fitness (0.187 units), depressive symptoms (-0.264 units), and loneliness (-0.395 units). For dose-effect relationships, reallocating 5-60 min of SB to MVPA showed greatest benefits for all health outcomes. This study provides timely empirical evidence for future interventions and policymaking on promoting healthy aging during the post-COVID-19 era. The findings underline the importance of including 24-h movement behaviors in future health promotion among older adults.

Enhancing Respiratory Function and Cardiovascular Endurance through Intensive Yogic Intervention: A Comprehensive Study

Background. Optimal respiratory function and cardiovascular endurance are integral to overall health and athletic performance. Yogic interventions have emerged as potential strategies to enhance physiological and physical parameters. These metrics not only unlock the human body’s potential but also play a vital role in increasing sports performance. Objectives. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured yogic regimen in improving respiratory function and cardiovascular endurance in young male adults, shedding light on yoga’s role as a complementary approach to physical fitness enhancement. Materials and methods. Forty (N=40) male undergraduate university students (aged 18 to 25 years) were randomly assigned to the experimental (n=20) and control group (n=20). The experimental investigation centered on vital capacity (VC), both positive and negative breath holding times (PBHT and NBHT), peak flow rate (PFR), and cardiovascular endurance (CVE). Using an analytical research approach, a randomized pre-test-post-test-controlled group design was implemented. The experimental group engaged in daily yoga sessions supervised by certified instructors, incorporating various asanas, pranayama techniques, and meditation, while the control group maintained their regular lifestyle. Pre- and post-intervention assessments of respiratory parameters and cardiovascular endurance were conducted using standardized tests. Statistical analyses, including Levene’s test for normality, and paired t-tests for intra-group comparisons, were performed using SPSS software (IBM, version 25, Chicago). The experiment lasted for six weeks, with a significance level set at α = 0.05. Results. The paired t-test analyses demonstrated significant improvements in VC t(19) = 4.96, and p &lt;0.000; PBHT t(19) = 6.34, and p &lt;0.000; NBHT t(19) = 4.18, and p &lt;0.001; PFR t(19) = 7.02, and p &lt;0.000; as well as CVE t(19) = 3.96, and p &lt;0.001, within the experimental group. Conversely, no significant changes were observed in the control group. Conclusions. The findings underscore the effectiveness of a six-week yogic intervention in enhancing respiratory function and cardiovascular endurance among young male adults. Integrating yoga into exercise routines may yield substantial benefits for physical fitness improvement.

MODERN STATE OF SPORTS AND RECREATIONAL TOURISM

The article explores the concept of sports and recreational tourism. It defines the basic characteristics and goals of sports and recreational tourism, analyzes its varieties and functions. Various approaches to defining this concept are examined, and typical features and peculiarities are identified. The classification of sports and recreational tourism contributes to a more in-depth study of its modifications, determining key development trends and characteristics, and facilitates the systematization of knowledge for a deeper understanding of the essence of sports and recreational tourism. Health and sports activities are one of the most accessible and widespread forms of recreation. Its role will continue to grow, considering the objectively determined decrease in physical mobility and activity among people due to the nature of the development of modern society. Sports tourism is a component of modern tourism, the most active and dynamic part of tourist activity based on communal principles. Sports tourism is also a type of sport that includes various active tourist activities, sports hikes of all difficulty levels, championships, and competitions in all types of sports tourism (hiking, skiing, mountain, water, cycling, motorcycle, car, spelunking, and sailing), complex events, and expeditions. This type of tourism not only offers the opportunity to travel but also involves engaging in sports, preserving and improving health while deriving pleasure from active recreation. One of the key characteristics of sports and recreational tourism is the variety of activities that can be involved in this type of travel. This may include cycling tourism, hiking, water sports, mountaineering, skiing resorts, kayaking or canoeing, snowboarding, and many other activities. This variety provides the opportunity to choose sports activities according to physical abilities and personal preferences. The second key component of sports and recreational tourism is its promotion of a healthy lifestyle. The activities offered by this type of tourism contribute to physical fitness improvement, health preservation, and overall well-being. It allows people not only to relax but also to maintain and improve their health, deriving satisfaction from activity and new travel experiences. Moreover, sports and recreational tourism contribute to understanding among people and create a favourable atmosphere for interaction and joint activities. Travellers who choose this type of journey often travel in groups, where they interact, support each other, and collectively achieve sports goals. This also contributes to the formation of new friendships and team relationships. With the development of infrastructure, sports and recreational tourism become more accessible and popular for the public. This type of travel offers the opportunity to combine the pleasure of relaxation and activity, preserving and improving health, and provides unforgettable travel experiences. Key words: tourism, sports and recreational tourism, sports tourism, functions of sports and recreational tourism, types of sports and recreational tourism.

A Novel Summer Camp Integrating Physical, Psychological, and Educational Health in Youth: The THINK Program.

Numerous youth summer programs focus upon physical fitness, nutritional health, psychological well-being, or education. Few, however, have integrated all of these elements into a single program. The Translational Health in Nutrition and Kinesiology (THINK) program provides an integrative nutrition and exercise science curriculum that is interfaced with social emotional learning (SEL) and STEM education to enhance healthy behaviors in youth. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the THINK program could improve physical fitness, nutrition habits, SEL, and STEM education in a 6-week summer program covering a 3-year period. Participants from South Miami were enrolled in THINK (n = 108, 58 males, 50 females, 12.03 + 0.56 years). Physical fitness assessments, the Positive Youth Development Inventory (PYDI), the Students' Attitude Towards STEM Survey, and the Adolescent Food Habits Checklist (ADFH) were recorded at baseline and post-testing. Means and standard error values were evaluated for all dependent variables. Paired samples t-tests (SPSS version 27) were used to determine changes. Improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness (p < 0.001), power (p < 0.006), flexibility (p < 0.001), agility (p < 0.001), muscular endurance (p < 0.001), lean body mass (p < 0.001), ADFH (p < 0.001), and PYDI (p = 0.038) were found. An integrative summer fitness program can result in improvements in physical fitness, nutrition habits, and SEL in as little as six weeks.

Active use of local exercise facilities can improve physical performance of community-dwelling older adults.

[Purpose] In this study, we investigated the effects of local exercise facility use on physical function of Japanese community-dwelling older adults. [Participants and Methods] We analyzed data obtained from a cohort project initiated in 1991. The study included approximately 4,800 individuals from suburban areas of central Japan; we investigated 322 older individuals residing in Municipality A, who underwent physical fitness assessments in 2018 and 2019. We recorded participants' exercise facility use frequency and physical performance, based on handgrip strength, open-eye single-leg standing, timed up-and-go, and walking speed tests. [Results] Baseline values in the open-eye single-leg standing test were significantly higher in the no-use than in the low- and high-use groups. Follow-up assessments revealed that grip strength was significantly higher in the high-use than in the no- and low-use groups. [Conclusion] Active use of exercise facilities was positively correlated with maintenance and improvement in physical fitness among participants, which highlights the benefits of easily accessible exercise facilities in maintaining long-term physical function. Future studies should focus on functions that extend beyond physical fitness to develop effective support programs that address the evolving health needs of the aging population.

Comparative Analysis of Adaptive Changes in Immunoendocrine and Physiological Responses to High-Intensity Sprint Interval Training with Progressive and Nonprogressive Loads in Young Wrestlers.

The objective of this study was to explore the effects of a 7-week short sprint interval training (SSIT) with differing in programming volume-loads including progressive (P-SSIT) and nonprogressive (NP-SSIT) approaches on the immunoendocrine, physical fitness attributes and physiological parameters in male wrestlers during the pre-season. Thirty young freestyle wrestlers at the collegiate national-level were included in the study and were divided into three groups: P-SSIT (n = 10), NP-SSIT (n = 10), and an active control group (n = 10). The wrestlers engaged in their specific wrestling training three days weekly, while the P-SSIT and NP-SSIT groups underwent a 7-week SSIT, with scheduling in either progressed or nonprogressed volume-based overloads, three times per week. Before and after the intervention, various aspects of physical fitness (such as 20-m sprint, 4×9-m shuttle run, and maximal strength) and physiological parameters (including cardiorespiratory fitness and anaerobic power output), as well as immunoendocrine responses (such as immunoglobulin-A, testosterone, and cortisol) were measured. Following the training intervention, the control group did not show any significant changes in the variable measured; however, both the P-SSIT and NP-SSIT groups experienced significant improvements (p = 0.001) in physical fitness attributes and physiological parameters with effect sizes ranging from small to very large, and also more adaptive responses compared with control group (p < 0.05). In addition, there were no statistically significant changes observed among the P-SSIT and NP-SSIT groups in terms of immunoendocrine response to training, and physical fitness, as well as physiological parameters (p > 0.05). In conclusion, neither the progressed nor nonprogressed approaches of SSIT demonstrated superior effects on adaptations compared to one another. Therefore, it is recommended for strength and conditioning coaches in wrestling to incorporate both P-SSIT and NP-SSIT into their annual training plan, especially during the pre-season phase, to maximize the physical fitness and physiological parameters of their wrestlers while minimizing changes in immunoendocrine responses.

The Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training and Moderate Alcohol Consumption on Cognitive Performance-A Multidisciplinary Intervention in Young Healthy Adults.

The main purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) intervention in the context of moderate alcohol consumption on cognitive performance in healthy young adults. We conducted a 10-week HIIT program along with four types of beverages with/without alcohol content. A total of 75 healthy adults (18-40 years old; 46% female) were allocated to either a control Non-Training group or an HIIT program group (2 days/week). Using block randomization, participants in the HIIT group were further allocated to an HIIT-Alcohol group (alcohol beer or sparkling water with vodka added, 5.4%) or an HIIT-NonAlcohol group (sparkling water or non-alcohol beer, 0.0%). The control group was instructed to maintain an active lifestyle but did not undergo any regular training. A comprehensive neuropsychological battery was used to evaluate cognitive performance (i.e., memory, working memory, processing speed, inhibitory control, and verbal fluency). Changes from baseline to week 10 were included in the main analyses. All groups improved in all neuropsychological measures (all p ≤ 0.001), independent of sex and alcohol consumption, with no statistical differences between groups (all p > 0.05). Furthermore, larger increases in maximal oxygen uptake were associated with greater improvements in processing speed, inhibitory control, and verbal fluency (all p < 0.050). Although the improvements found in cognitive performance cannot be attributed to the HIIT intervention, no significant impairments in cognitive functions were noted due to moderate alcohol intake. Furthermore, our results confirmed that exercise-induced physical fitness improvements were associated with cognitive performance enhancements in young healthy adults.

Individual Intervention and Assessment of Students' Physical Fitness Based on the "Three Precision" Applet and Mixed Strategy Optimised CNN Networks

With the development of network technology and intelligent application platforms, the "Three Precision" applet as a method of individual intervention for students' physical fitness can not only enable students to obtain the improvement of physical fitness and lifelong sports habits, but also establish a new bridge of cooperation between home and school. The analysis method of student physical fitness individual intervention assessment is affected by a variety of factors such as the framework design of the WeChat applet platform and the subjectivity of the intervention, which leads to the inefficiency of the student physical fitness individual intervention assessment method. To address this problem, we analyse the mode and content of students' physical fitness individual intervention based on the "Three Precision" applet, extract the feature vectors of students' physical fitness individual intervention, construct a system of students' physical fitness individual intervention assessment indexes, and establish a method of students' physical fitness individual intervention assessment based on big data technology and WeChat applet by combining the mushroom propagation optimization algorithm and convolutional neural network. Individual intervention assessment method based on big data technology and WeChat applet. The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method are verified by using the data recorded in the "Three Precision" applet as the input data of the model. The results show that the proposed method meets the real-time requirements and improves the prediction accuracy of the individual intervention assessment method, which significantly improves the efficiency of the individual intervention assessment of students' physical fitness.