Administration Of Physical Education Research Articles

Extent of Execution of P.E. Administrators’ Functions as Influenced by Their Leadership Capabilities in an Engineering University in China

This study explores the relationship between leadership capabilities and management functions of Physical Education (PE) administrators at Hubei Engineering University, China. Using a descriptive-comparative-correlational research design, data were collected from PE teachers to assess the effectiveness of administrators in strategic planning, organizing, directing/leading, and controlling. Additionally, leadership capabilities such as organizational direction, collaborative leadership, and instructional leadership were evaluated. The results revealed that administrators are generally effective in their management functions, with organizing and collaborative leadership receiving the highest scores. However, challenges related to resource management and internal control systems were identified. Significant correlations between management functions and leadership capabilities underscore the importance of strong organizational skills for effective leadership. These findings provide insights into the leadership development needs of PE administrators and suggest practical solutions for overcoming administrative challenges.

Physical Education Administrators’ Instructional Leadership Affecting Their Leadership Efficacy

This study explored the impact of teaching leadership on leadership effectiveness of sports managers at Hunan Normal University. Through teachers' evaluation of sports managers in promoting professional learning, building relationships, collaboration, organizational skills, and teaching practices, their effectiveness levels in content knowledge, teaching knowledge, classroom management, evaluation, and technology application were analyzed. The results show that there is a weak positive correlation between the teaching leadership practices of sports managers and their leadership effectiveness. Based on the research results, this paper puts forward suggestions on improving the leadership of sports managers, aiming to promote the professional development of teachers, strengthen collaboration, improve teaching quality, and ultimately improve students' learning outcomes.

The Physical Education Administrators' Management Functions Practices in a Vocational College in China

The Physical Education Administrators' Management Functions Practices in a Vocational College in China

Identifying Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Barriers in the Physical Education Administration of Afghanistan’s Ministry of Education

The main of this study was to identify the strengths, weaknesses, barriers and opportunities in the Physical Education Directorate of the Ministry of Education of Afghanistan. The applied research method is of descriptive type. The population of the study was the directors of the Physical Education Department and the faculty members of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences of Kabul Education University. Thirty-five individuals were the participants of the study. The research questionnaire consisted of four parts (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and barriers) which were used after determining the validity and reliability. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data in SPSS 24 software. The results showed that the most important strengths were the existence of sports networks, paying attention to sports and physical education, the existence of participatory management space as well as setting for collective decision-making. The most noticeable weaknesses are the lack of a strategic plan in the General Directorate of Physical Education, lack of well-trained physical education instructors and its disproportion to the student population of the country. The opportunities available in this field were the young population and the existence of many talents in physical education in the country, increasing the level of education of physical education instructors; and the big threats were the influence and interference of other bodies and non-specialized officials in physical education administration, as well as lack of sufficient funds for sports education. Managers and staff members of the Physical Education General Directorate should better plan for the achievement of high efficiency and effectiveness by identifying strengths and weaknesses and taking advantage of environmental opportunities and barriers.

Students’ Learning Styles in Relation to Service Physical Education Performance

This study aimed to determine the students’ learning styles, whether visual, auditory, or kinesthetic learning style, in relation to their Service Physical Education performance in terms of written and practical exam results. The moderating variables of age, gender, academic status, religion, and course were also considered. This was conducted among Service P.E. students of the Mindanao State University, Marawi City, officially enrolled during the 2nd semester, A.Y. 2015 – 2016. This descriptive-correlation study was conducted among 925 respondents (227 male and 588 female respondents). The VARK Learning Styles Questionnaire developed by Victoria Chislett was used to assess their learning styles. The Service P.E. performance was taken from their partial written and practical exams. The majority of the respondents were15-18 years old; most of the respondents were female; most of the respondents were Tuition Privilege status; most of the respondents were Islam believers while others were non-Muslim, and almost all of the respondents were Bachelor of Science (BS) degree pursuers. In terms of learning styles, it was found out that most of the respondents were visual learners. With regard to the Service P.E. performance, most of the respondents received grades of 1.0-1.25 or excellent in their written exams while most of them were rated 1.50-1.75 or very good in their practical exams. The relationship between the variables found out that there were no significant relationships between the moderating variables of age, religion, and course with their respective p-values of 0.272, 0.188, and 0.355 to the independent variable of learning styles. However, there were significant relationships between the moderating variables of gender, academic status and the independent variable of learning styles. Furthermore, age (p = 0.184), academic status (p = 0.385), religion (p = 0.784), and course (p = 0.869) were not significantly related to written exam performance while gender was significantly related to written exam performance. Practical exam performance showed no relationship with the different moderating variables. For the relationship between learning styles and Service P.E. performance, it was revealed that learning styles had a significant relationship between written exam performance, while no relationship existed between learning styles and practical exam performance. Good performance in the written exams matters most in how the students prepare for it. On the other hand, ability, preparation, and constant correct practice will matter the most in preparation for practical exams. Thus, it is recommended that Physical Education administrators formulate plans to further improve the competencies of Physical Education teachers, especially in identifying the different learning styles of their respective students, to provide appropriate teaching approaches that facilitate effective learning experiences among their students. Physical Education teachers should provide enough time for skills practice so that most of their students will have greater chances of obtaining higher ratings in their practical exams. A similar study should be conducted in the future using other variables or using an equal number of respondents in gender and religion.

Teachers’ Perceived Barriers to Implementation of Physical Education

This study investigated the perception of Physical Education (PE) teachers on barriers to implementation of PE pro[1]gramme in terms of the administration of PE programme, and the provision of non-human resources. A total of 248 PE[1]major teachers were surveyed using questionnaires which were mailed to schools. The sample consisted of almost 63% male teachers and the majority was under 40 years of age. A 12-item questionnaire was used to assess the administration of the PE programme, and the provision of non-human resources. Results showed that a majority of administrators did not assume PE important; they did not seek consensus in assigning teaching duty, did not discuss teaching and learning factors, and did not organize staff training programme (STP). Older teachers and teachers with 15 years of teaching ex[1]perience or more agreed that administrators discuss their teaching assignment, observe them, and organize STP. Respon[1]dents also perceived inadequacy of facilities, equipment, financial allocation, and reference books in the school PE pro[1]gramme. Male teachers, younger teachers and teachers with less teaching experience concurred the inadequacy of human resources. It is recommended that further research on solving PE human resource problems and PE administration be undertaken. Specifically, greater attention should be given to the needs of younger and junior PE teachers.

The arguments on physical education administration of the Physical Education Bureau, Ministry of Education, Science and Culture: Focusing on the decision-making process of the discontinuation of Physical Education Bureau in 1949

The arguments on physical education administration of the Physical Education Bureau, Ministry of Education, Science and Culture: Focusing on the decision-making process of the discontinuation of Physical Education Bureau in 1949

A Multilevel Analysis of Organizational Support on the Relationship between Person-Environment Fit and Performance of University Physical Education Teachers.

Limited research has evaluated the performance of physical education (PE) teachers. This study aimed to use person-environment fit and organizational support to evaluate PE teachers’ work performance using multilevel analysis. The relationship between person-environment fit and performance of university physical education teachers (at the person-level) and a cross-level effect on performance of university physical education teachers of perceived organizational support (at the school-level) and a moderator effect of organizational support were examined. A total of 447 PE teachers recruited from 55 universities in Taiwan were invited to participate in this survey, with a return rate of 65.74%. Using hierarchical linear modeling, the study found that person-job fit, person-organization fit, and person-supervisor fit at individual level have positive impacts on the performance of university PE teachers. As for cross-level effect, organizational support has positive impacts on the performance of university physical education teachers. However, organizational support at school level had no significant moderating effects on the relationship between person-environment fit and the performance of university physical education teachers. The implications of the findings for both university PE teachers and administrators and suggestions for future research are discussed.

The design and realization of the management system of college physical education under the network environment

With the expansion of the scale of institutions of higher learning, the requirements on the management of physical education gradually improve. In order to improve the management level of physical education in schools, it is urgent to develop a physical education management system in colleges and universities, so as to solve the needs of each college for physical education management and improve the management level. This system adopts the design idea of software engineering, and conducts detailed and detailed research on the system from preliminary material collection, demand analysis, feasibility study, overall design, detailed design, system coding and system test. In the system development design, the application of the current popular ASP. NET development framework, the database aspect used Microsoft’s SQL Server 2008, at the same time added some JavaScript scripts and JQuery framework technology, and finally realized the university physical education management system based on B/S architecture. This paper describes the demand analysis of the physical education administration system, and expounds the design and implementation process of each functional module. The main functional modules of the system include student information management module, teacher information module, teaching plan management module, teaching affairs arrangement management module, student course selection management module, class management module, student performance management module, teacher teaching quality evaluation management module and system management module.

Application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Administration of Physical Education and Sports

The paper focused on application of information and communication technology (ICT) in the administration of physical education and sports. Information and communication technology was seen on the convergence of audio-visual and telephone networks with computer networks which covers any product that will store, retrieve, manipulate, transmit and receive digital information. This facility was shown to be very useful in the administration of physical education and sports. The device enhances communication of information in the administration of physical education and sports. It also enhances experience in dance and dance education, and provides feedback that make teachers evaluate success in the programme and make students work harder. The paper saw ICT hardware and software as veritable tool for teaching physical education and simplifying data collection and analysis. The paper concluded that ICT represents one of the most useful tools for enhancing the decoding of physical education and sports curriculum if used correctly, and therefore recommended that proper practical ICT training should be provided for physical education teachers and student in schools and colleges by the ministry of science and education. Keywords: Physical Education, Computer, ICT and Sports DOI: 10.7176/JEP/10-24-01 Publication date: August 31st 2019

Book Review: Greenberg, J. D., and LoBianco, J. L. (2019). Organization and Administration of Physical Education: Theory and Practice. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics

Book Review: Greenberg, J. D., and LoBianco, J. L. (2019). Organization and Administration of Physical Education: Theory and Practice. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics

Legal liability in the administration of sports and physical education programmes in Nigeria schools

Sport administrators, sport coaches and physical educators in schools are expected to be well grounded in their profession. They are expected to work within their limit and minimize occurrence of accidents and severity of injuries if not out rightly eliminate it in physical education and sport settings. More than any other subject in the school curriculum, physical education and sport programmes expose students to risky situations, which sometimes result in accidents and injuries. These may sometimes result in litigations against the physical education teacher or the school authority, and if found guilty, a teacher may pay heavy damages for his negligence and may also lose his job. School authority may also be found to be vicariously liable with the burden of payment of heavy compensation. This paper presents an exposition of legal issues in the administration of physical education and sports in Nigeria schools. While this paper is not attempting to make an attorney out of a physical educator or sport administrator, the paper adopted a theoretical approach to explaining the need to be conscious of what is legally expected of a professional physical educator or a sport coach because parents and students in Nigeria are becoming more legalistic nowadays. This paper explains the roles of professionals in the field of sports and physical education in preventing accidents and injuries, so as to reduce situations that can lead to litigation. The paper also tries to awaken the consciousness of the professionals on the defenses they can put up in case of any litigation emanating from the discharge of their duties and the expected standards of care, which a physical educator must demonstrate in a physical education lesson or during sport outing.

体育経営・管理学の研究動向 : 1958年～1988年における論文を対象として

体育経営・管理学の研究動向 : 1958年～1988年における論文を対象として

ORGANIZATIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE CONDITIONS FOR THE INTRODUCTION OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION IN SLOBOZHANSHCHYNA GYMNASIUMS IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIXTH –THE BEGINNING OF THE XXTH CENTURY

The current relevance of the research. Comprehensive study of the historical and cultural heritage of Ukraine, an objective assessment of historical realities, the identification of progressive ideas, comprehension and awareness of the achievements of previous generations on physical education is one of the starting conditions for reforming the modern system of physical education in educational institutions. The aim is to study the peculiarities of organization and administration of physical education in Slobozhanshchyna gymnasiums in the second half of the XIXth–early XXth centuries. Methods: analysis of literary sources and documents, comparative-historical and structural system methods. Results. Analysis of archival documents of the investigated period made it possible to assert that physical education, as a subject of study, began to be introduced in the Slobozhanshchyna gymnasiums in 1860’s. The gymnastics lesson gained the status of a compulsory school subject in 1890’s, it was conditioned by a significant decrease in the level of health of high school students and active development of sports movement in Slobozhanschyna. In addition to the gymnastics lesson, the following forms of physical education were introduced in the gymnasium: active breaks (recreation), military patriotic games, walks and excursions, classes in sports clubs, athletic holidays and competitions. The official authority regulated the introduction of physical education in the gymnasium and controlled this process. Responsibility for its content, due to the lack of the same curricula, was entrusted to the administration of educational institutions. The questions of financial, personnel, material and technical support of the gymnasium were solved independently. Conclusions. A characteristic feature of the physical education of the students of the Slobozhanschyna gymnasiums of the investigated period is the difference in time of the introduction of various forms of physical education into the educational process of gymnasiums because of the lack of necessary conditions in many of them.

Energy expenditure estimates during school physical education: Potential vs. reality?

Schools are salient locations for addressing the high prevalence of overweight and obesity. Most US states require some physical education (PE) and the energy expended during PE has potential to positively affect energy balance. We previously used 2012 data to examine state policies for PE to calculate estimated student energy expenditure (EEE) under potential (i.e., recommendations followed) and existing conditions. Since then, data have been updated on both state policies and the conduct of PE. Based on updated data, we used PE frequency, duration, and intensity, student mass, and class size to calculate EEE for the delivery of PE under (a) national professional recommendations, (b) 2016 state policies, and (c) school-reported conditions. Although increased from four years ago, only 22 states currently have policies mandating specific PE minutes. EEE over 10years shows the enormous impact PE could have on energy balance. For the average recommended-size PE class, resultant annual EEE based on professional recommendations for min/week far exceeded those based on average state (n=22) policy for min/week by 44.5% for elementary, 62.7% for middle, and 59.5% for high schools. Since 2012 more states adopted policies for PE minutes than dropped them, however, EEE over 10years showed a net loss of 1200kcal/student. With no overall recent improvements in state PE policy and professional recommendations currently not being met, PE remains an underutilized public health resource for EEE. Strong policies, coupled with enhanced accountability of PE teachers and administrators, are needed to ensure PE exists in schools.

Experiences of teacher evaluation systems on high school physical education programs

ABSTRACTPrimary objective: Teacher evaluation is being revamped by policy-makers. The marginalized status of physical education has protected this subject area from reform for many decades, but in our current era of system-wide, data-based decision-making, physical education is no longer immune. Standardized and local testing, together with structured observation measures, are swiftly being mandated in the USA as required elements of teacher evaluation systems in an effort to improve school programs and student achievement. The purpose of this investigation was to document how this reform was initiated and the experiences of teachers, students and administrators, from three high school physical education programs, during initiation of this reform. Documenting how physical education programs respond to such reforms develops our understanding of top-down reform efforts and helps to identify conditions under which such reforms have the intended effect on physical education teachers and student learning in physical education.Theoretical framework: Fullan’s three phases of school change has been used to analyze and guide school change efforts in several subject areas including physical education. The phases are initiation, implementation and institutionalization. This study is situated primarily within the first phase of school change, the initiation phase.Methods and procedures: This study took place over a 21-month period in 3 suburban school districts in a northeast metropolitan area of the USA. Interviews with district physical education administrators, high school physical education teachers and students were conducted. Field notes of physical education classes, informal interviews and related artifacts including pre- and post-physical education assessments were collected. To ensure trustworthiness, several steps were taken including member checks, triangulation and peer review. The data were analyzed to find common themes and patterns using the constant comparative method.Results: Several themes emerged: (1) changes in curriculum and assessment; (2) effect on administrators; (3) stakeholder apathy and (4) department collaboration.Conclusion: Changes, although minor, did take place in the wake of this top-down teacher reform; however, additional research needs to be completed to determine whether or not these changes are meaningful or long lasting.

An Evaluation Index System of Physical Education Quality Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process Model (AHP)

In today’s competitive educational environment, the quality of physical education is ever more recognized as a fundamental factor in gaining competitive advantage. The evaluation and improvement of the quality of physical education in higher education is an important issue of on-going concern. The aim of this article is to focus on an automated management and evaluation system to efficiently control the administration of physical education. Reported in this article is an evaluation index of the quality of undergraduate education, and an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) model that is both practical and has proven to be successful. The results of the presented case study demonstrate the practicability and effectiveness of this model in physical education quality evaluation.

Should I Stay or Should I Go? Physical Education Teachers' Career Intentions

Purpose: This study investigated Finnish physical education (PE) teachers' intentions to leave the profession and the reasons behind them. Method: A large sample (N = 808) of PE teachers who graduated between 1980 and 2008 (432 women, 376 men) answered a modified job satisfaction and teacher follow-up questionnaire that elicited career perceptions, intentions, and current work duties. Results: In this sample, 26% of the respondents were contemplating leaving their jobs as PE teachers and an additional 13% were actually in the process of transferring from PE teaching but planned to remain in school teaching. To determine the reasons for considering leaving the PE teaching profession, principal axis factoring with direct oblimin rotation was performed on the 35 items of the questionnaire. These factors were labeled as status of the PE teaching profession, pupils, working conditions, colleagues, expertise, workload, administration, and stress. The most influential factors were poor facilities, poor equipment, and isolation from the peers. Additional factors included working conditions, low status of the PE teachers, and workload. For women, workload and stress were more significant reasons for leaving the profession than they were for men (p = .010–.040, d = 0.34–0.43). PE teachers in the age group of 40 to 44 years old constituted the largest group who were considering leaving the profession. Conclusion: Thirty-nine percent of the PE teachers considered leaving the profession. Even though PE teachers face a variety of challenges in their work, the majority intend to remain in the teaching profession. Improved resourcing and collegial support could potentially reduce PE teachers' intention to leave.

Administration of Physical Education and Sports in Nigeria

Physical Education is a vital part of total education. It is that process of education that concerns physical activities, which develop and maintain human body. The attainment of its goals depends on its administrative control structure more than any other thing. Physical Education Curriculum is entrenched in the National Policy on Education and thus, it is taught at all levels of educational development in Nigeria. The administration of Physical education is divided into four parts i.e. 6-3-3-4. However, it has not received the required attention from the government partly because of the economic situation in the country. This has greatly affected its growth and development. It is believed in some quarters that despite the negative attitude of the government that Physical Education can survive and still attain its goals in Nigeria with efficient and effective organizational structure. Therefore, this study is proposing an organizational structure model for achieving developmental goal of Physical Education in Nigeria.

Relation Between Behavior Pattern, Job Satisfaction, BMI and WHR in Shiraz Physical Education Office Personnel's

The purpose of this survey is to study the relationship between type of personality and job satisfaction, BMI and WHR of the employees in Shiraz physical education department. The statistical society of this survey included all the employees of physical education administration of Fars province & the city of Shiraz office of physical education from which 57 (30 male, 27 female) accessible and targeted individuals were chosen as statistical sample. To perform this study, In Body 3.0, body composition analyzing device made by South Korean company Biospace and three different questionnaires: the personal information questionnaire, the type of personality questionnaire by Bern Ruiters and the job satisfaction questionnaire by Bery Fildroth were used. To analyze data, the inferential tests, the multivariate regression, the independent t and the Pearson correlation coefficient were used. The analysis of regression showed that 18% of personality type variance is determined by three variables: job satisfaction, BMI and WHR (P = 0.01). The personality of the individuals has a direct relevance to their body composition features and their job satisfaction. The more was the compatibility and appropriateness between job and personality, the more job satisfaction was observed. Because of the relationship between body composition indices with the type of personality and job satisfaction, considering the body type is a beneficial and effective way for having psychological health, increasing the job satisfaction and finally improving the efficiency of organizations.