Physical Competence Research Articles

Perceived Physical Literacy Scale for Secondary School Students: A Study on Validity and Reliability

The purpose of this research is to develop a physical literacy scale for secondary school students. 650 students from 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th grades participated in the research. The draft form was prepared by reviewing the literature and taking expert opinions. Interviews were conducted with 40 students to test the comprehensibility of the items (the wording of 5 items was revised). As a result of the pilot reliability analysis and Bartlett's sphericity test, it was accepted that the correlation between the variables was sufficient, and the scale consisted of questions with a unique and homogeneous structure. Then, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin, Bartlett and Cronbach Alpha values were checked, and they were determined to be suitable and sufficient for EFA. As a result of EFA, 20 items collected in 4 factors were obtained. The variance explained by these factors is 58.442%. As a result of the CFA conducted in SPSS AMOS 24 programme, 3 items that did not meet the model fit index criteria were removed. It was determined that the standardized item loadings of the 17 items that met the model fit conditions ranged between 0.654-0.895, R2 values ranged between 0.43-0.80 and standard errors ranged between 0.045-0.102. Regarding reliability, AVE, CR, and internal consistency coefficients were examined, and it was determined that they meet the specified criteria. The final version of the scale consists of four sub-dimensions ("Motivation", "Knowledge and Understanding", "Confidence" and "Physical Competence"). In conclusion, it was determined that the developed scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool for assessing students' perceptions of physical literacy.

Associations between levels of physical literacy and adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines among university students: A cross-sectional study

ObjectivesEmerging evidence indicates that the composition of movement behaviours within a 24-h period is associated with multiple health benefits across the lifespan. A concept that emphasises an individual's active lifestyle is physical literacy (PL), yet empirical research exploring the potential associations between PL and 24-h movement guidelines remains scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between levels of PL and adherence to the guidelines among Chinese university students. Study designA cross-sectional study. MethodsSeven hundred and ninety-eight university students (390 male, 19.2 ± 1.2 years) completed all the measurements. Levels of PL and participants’ adherence to guidelines including physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep were self-reported through Perceived Physical Literacy Instrument, International Physical Activity Questionnaire and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, respectively. Two-way ANOVA was conducted to determine the associations between the number of guidelines met (0, 1, 2, or 3) and levels of PL. ResultsThe results demonstrate that 36.5% (n = 291) of the participants met all the three guidelines, while 4.1% (n = 33) met none. Further analysis indicated that meeting physical activity or sedentary behaviour guidelines was associated with significantly higher total PL scores, and scores in the sub-domains of Confidence and Physical Competence and Motivation. ConclusionsThe findings provide evidence that young adults who obtained higher PL scores may meet more guidelines during a 24-h period. Future studies should incorporate accelerometer-based physical activity measurements and investigate the causal relationship between PL and adherence to the movement guidelines.

Identifying Social Network Characteristics Associated With Youth Physical Activity Skill Competency at a Summer Care Program.

While literature suggests that youth physical activity (PA) behaviors are affected by network influences, less is known about network influences on perceived skill competency, a component of physical literacy and self-efficacy. This study aims to provide an understanding of potential network characteristics which are associated with youth PA skill competency. Youth (n = 158) between the ages of 8 and 12 years recruited from two summer care programs (i.e., Boys & Girls Clubs) participated in researcher-administered surveys. Youth self-reported their age, sex, involvement in team sports, weekly PA, and skill competency assessed using a version of the PLAYself measure. Youth were also asked to report up to five people in the summer program and five out of the program with whom they interacted the most. Linear regression was used to evaluate associations between skill competency and demographics, PA, and social network characteristics. Skill competency was significantly associated (R2 = .17) with age (β = -.06, p = .01), sex (β = -.06, p = .01), sports team involvement (β = .16, p < .001), and weekly PA (β = -.20, p < .001). Skill competency was also significantly associated with the number of connections with whom the youth played frequently (β = .09, p < .001), the number of connections that helped the youth to be active (β = .18, p < .001), and the heterogeneity of the type of relationships within the youth's network (β = .11, p < .001). Skill competency scores were significantly associated with both individual variables and social network composition. In addition, youth with networks comprising several types of relationships (heterogeneity) reported a significantly high skill competency. PA interventions can be most effective when considering the reinforcing aspects of networks and skill competency.

Complex-coordination sports are an element of building forms of organizing youth development in the conditions of education and life of future teachers

The article examines the scientific basis for the formation of physical and health competence of students, emphasizing the specifics of work and the principles of managing physical training in the cornerstones of higher education. The main respect is given to the promotion of these principles in life by future teachers.&#x0D; The authors of the article analyzed the health, development, and spiritual abilities of folding-coordination sports, including dance aerobics, as a way of increasing the effectiveness of the organization of physical education of students. It is necessary to organize dance aerobics, which includes theoretical and practical aspects, as well as elements of choreography, acrobatics, gymnastics, and dance. Emphasis is placed on the novelty of these types of sports for the development of not only physical fitness, but also acrobatic, gymnastic and dance training.&#x0D; The article highlights the problem of nervous-emotional and mental tension of students, which may result from insufficient physical activity, lack of attention to the start and completion regime, as well as irrational eating. The author emphasizes that these factors negatively affect the health, physical development, and level of physical preparedness of students.&#x0D; Based on many studies in Galusa, physical education of important initial principles that prepare future readers, learn about the need to explore new technologies to build prestige among students of the highest level. I'm healthy. It is understood that this prestige lies in the specific motivation, knowledge of the behavior of a particular characteristic, as well as the result of the student’s hard work.

Factors Influencing Nurse Interns’ Competence in Physical Assessment for Adult Patients

Context: Physical assessment is essential to the overall health assessment, constituting the nursing process's first phase. The physical assessment competence of nurse interns has been observed as insufficient in evaluating and solving patients' health problems in the clinical environment. This insufficiency has negatively influenced their ability to make better clinical decisions for patients, thus contributing to poor quality of patient care.&#x0D; Aim: To investigate factors influencing nurse interns' competence in physical assessment for adult patients.&#x0D; Methods: Cross-sectional analytical research design guided the conduct of the study. The sample comprised 117 nurse interns in health facilities in the Western region of Kenya. Data collection was done using a self-administered questionnaire and health assessment observation checklist. The study was done in level 5 and 6 referral hospitals in the Western region of Kenya, covering the former Western, Nyanza, and Rift-valley provinces. These comprised Kericho, Nakuru, Kitale, Kakamega, Bungoma, and Kisii County Referral hospitals; Jaramogi Oginga Odinga and Moi Teaching and Referral Hospitals.&#x0D; Results: The overall assessment showed that 35% (n=41) of nurse interns were competent in physical assessment with a score of 90% and above in physical assessment skills, while 65% (n=76) were not competent. Factors that were statistically associated with higher competence scores (≥ 90%) included the year of completion between 2016 – 2019 (OR: 3.1; 95% CI [1.1-8.5]; p=0.02), longer internship period between 9–12 months (OR: 0.2; 95% CI [0.1-0.5]; p=0.0002), more than seven months previous clinical experience before internship (OR: 0.4; 95% CI [0.2-1.0]; p=0.05), self-confidence in performing physical assessment accurately (OR: 4.5; 95% CI [1.9-10.5]; p=0.003) and motivation to learn more and perform physical assessment (OR: 0.4; 95% CI [0.2-1.0]; p= 0.042).&#x0D; Conclusion: Nurse interns' competence in physical assessment skills is low, as shown by around one-third of study participants achieving a 90% and above score. Key factors that influence physical assessment competence are the year of completion, a longer period of internship, previous clinical experience before internship, self-confidence in performing physical assessment accurately, and motivation of nurse interns to learn more and perform physical assessment. The study recommends that nurse training institutions emphasize theoretical and practical sessions of physical assessment skills to enhance the competence and confidence of student nurses in physical assessment before the internship.

School-based promotion of physical literacy: a scoping review.

The role of physical activity in children's healthy development is undisputed, with school-based interventions being seen as a priority. The promotion of physical literacy (PL) seems to be promising due to its holistic approach, combining physical, cognitive, and affective domains. To develop recommendations for possible measures, we compiled existing literature on existing school-based PL interventions. Five databases (MEDLINE, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, ERIC, and PsycInfo) were searched between July 6 and July 10, 2023, by combining the terms "physical literacy," "school," "program," "workshop," "intervention," and "curriculum" as well as a manual search. Records were screened in a two-stage process by two independent authors using a priori criteria. Eligible studies concerned PL interventions in the school context. The included records were sorted according to school type/population, structure, content, PL domains addressed, and evaluation. In total, 706 articles were found through the database search and an additional 28 articles through the manual search. After removing duplicates, 502 publications remained, which were screened by title and abstract, leaving 82 full texts. These were cut down to 37 articles describing 31 different programs (19 in primary schools, eight in secondary schools, one in both primary and secondary schools, and three unspecified). Most interventions were conducted during physical education classes (n = 12). All three PL domains were addressed by five interventions, while 11 interventions solely concerned the physical domain. In addition, 21 interventions evaluated their effects on PL. Most evaluations showed small to moderate but inconsistent effects on several PL-related constructs (e.g., self-efficacy, motivation, movement skills). Interventions incorporating all three domains reported positive effects on physical competence and enjoyment. Although there is a growing body of data related to school-based PL promotion, their effects and practical application remains relatively underdeveloped: study designs, study quality, PL assessments, and results are heterogeneous. Corresponding research adhering to the holistic approach of PL will be crucial in clarifying the potential lifelong role of PL in promoting physical activity, increasing health and well-being and to actually enable development of recommendations for action.

Advanced Physical Assessment Competency Development: Small Clinical Group Immersion Implementation.

Advanced Physical Assessment Competency Development: Small Clinical Group Immersion Implementation.

Self-perceptions of masculinities and testicular cancer: Qualitative explorations.

Masculinities have been explored in men with testicular cancer (TC), though limited contemporary research is available on traditional masculine norms important to masculine self-perception. The purpose of this research was to explore the discourse of TC experience in relation to masculine self-perception. A qualitative descriptive study was conducted consisting of semi-structured interviews with 21 men. Men were aged between 31 and 47 (Mage=35.7). Most men were diagnosed with Stage 1 cancer (66.6%), all men had finished active treatment and time since diagnosis ranged from 17.3 to 71.8months (M=47.2). Independent coding was conducted by two researchers and was refined in coding meetings with authors. Themes were developed in a predominantly deductive manner, and analysis of themes was undertaken using a reflexive analysis approach. Traditional masculine norms showed differing relationships to masculine self-perception. Two main themes were identified [1] Maintained or enhanced masculine self-perception and [2] threats to masculine self-perception. Subthemes demonstrated that maintaining emotional control, strength and 'winning' was important to men, and reduced physical competencies (i.e., strength, sexual dysfunction, virility) challenged self-perception. Strict adherence to traditional norms in response to threatened self-perception related to psychological distress. Leveraging traditionally masculine norms such as physical strength and control and developing flexible adaptations of masculinities should be encouraged with men with TC to retain self-perception and potentially enable better coping. Masculine self-perception of gay/bisexual men may centre around sexual functioning, though further research is required.

Validation of The Canadian Assessment of Physical Literacy – CAPL-2 Questionnaire for German and Polish School Children

Abstract Physical literacy (PL) is a lifelong process of developing the motivation, confidence, physical competence, knowledge and understanding to value and take responsibility for engaging in physical activity throughout life. It is also an important concept for understanding and promoting physical activity in children and adolescents and is becoming a theoretical basis for analysing physical education in schools. One of the best known, well-operationalised assessments of PL is the Canadian Assessment of Physical Literacy – CAPL-2. The aim of the study was to translate and culturally adapt the CAPL-2 questionnaires in two EU languages, German and Polish. Data from Poland and Germany were combined for this study, with a total sample size of N=802, consisting of 58.6% Polish and 41.4% German students. We used the TRAPD (the Translation, Review, Adjudication, Pre-test and Documentation) approach to translate the CAPL-2 questionnaires. The main results of this study show that the proposed Polish and German versions of the CAPL-2 questionnaires are satisfactory for use in research or for teachers to assess PL in physical education. Our results also indicate better predictive characteristics of the CAPL-2 questionnaires for children who are very close to or who meet the moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) recommendations for health as defined by the WHO. We recommend that adaptations be made that are consistent with the original Canadian version, but which are deeply embedded in the language and culture of the country in question, especially in their wording and terminology.

The Effect of Special Exercises on the Level of Sugar and Blood Pressure among some Evening Study Students at the University College of Mesopotamia

The advancement of technology is enormous and amazing in the modern era in all different fieldsIt led to a lack of movement of a person and consequently a lack of physical and physiological competence subject to injury With many diseases called hipokinetic diseases. Such as cardiovascular disease, obesity, lower back pain, diabetes and high blood pressure Cholesterol and other diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs due to Genetic or environmental factors that are greatly affected by exercise, diet, and lack Excessive eating of food, which means a decrease in insulin secretion, which results in a rise in The percentage of sugar in blood, sugar, and diabetes has several types, the most common of which is what is known The first type is insulin dependent (IDDM) and the second type is insulin dependent NIDDM insulin causes diabetes The research problem lies in that diabetes is considered a common and widespread disease in our present time, and the lack of control of this disease will lead to many complications, including heart and arterial diseases, high levels of fats, in addition to atrophy of the muscles of the extremities, high blood pressure and inflammation of the nerve that lead to nerve. Sometimes to amputation of the leg and may be the cause of death and this is the crux of the problem, therefore it is necessary to use all methods and means that help to avoid complications from this disease as it plays the activity Athletic and motor have an important and great role in the lives of sick individuals in addition to the correct food diet, where studies indicate that physical and physical activity with the diet is the main source for curbing diabetes and one of those methods that helps to avoid complications from this disease is the use of exercise for people with diabetes and knowing the effect Exercises on some physiological changes accompanying the disease through daily monitoring of the blood sugar level using modern devices, as well as recording the nerve signals coming from the brain to the extremities so that we can know the progress of the patient.The aim of the research is to prepare special exercises and identify the blood sugar level before and after performing the exercises. As for the research hypotheses, there are hypotheses that have a significant significance in the percentage of sugar between cardiac and posttest tests in favor of postpartum. There are hypotheses of significant significance in blood pressure between cardiac and posttest tests in favor of postpartum.The study was conducted on a sample of evening study students at the University of Mesopotamia University and the number was (6) students from evening study students at the College of Mesopotamia University, the researchers used the experimental approach to its suitability to the nature of the problem, the researchers used the statistical bag to extract the results and the researchers reached a low rate of sugar in Post-test and stability of the high and low blood pressure in the post-test. The researchers recommend the need to emphasize the use of heavyweight exercises and conducting such a sample on other age groups.

Children’s competitive microcultures: an examination of the social organization of rules and roles in gender inclusive and performance-based outdoor play

ABSTRACT Children’s microcultures consist of small peer communities that they develop with distinct rules and roles operating outside of traditional daily activities. Presently, there is little understanding for how children may develop microcultures during competitive play, where they attempt to outperform their peers. In this study, we address the question, ‘How may competitive outdoor play shape children’s development of microcultures?’ We conducted unstructured interviews with 9- to 13-year-old children (7 girls, 6 boys) and engaged in naturalistic observations of their play in Vancouver, Canada, throughout a two-week period. Findings from our thematic analysis suggest children develop gender-inclusive microcultures during their competitive play and children are evaluated by one another on their physical and cognitive competencies. Importantly, these findings suggest microcultures can afford children with opportunities to participate in thrilling play that may otherwise be restricted by adults. Further, they suggest competition may serve as a catalyst for disrupting gender segregated play.

Fostering positive affective exercise experiences and affect-related competencies for a physically active lifestyle: The FEEL project

Introduction&#x0D; Interventions targeting physical inactive individuals have not yielded sufficient impact yet. This may be attributed to two reasons: Firstly, affective processes during physical activity (PA) are often inadequately acknowledged (e. g. shame, feeling bad; Hohberg et al. 2022). Secondly, individuals are often not empowered to PA that positively influences affective wellbeing and mental health (Sudeck &amp; Pfeifer, 2016). The FEEL project addresses these two deficiencies by developing a program promoting pleasant experiences, affect regulation competence, wellbeing and consequently PA.&#x0D; The program is grounded in Ekkekakis et al.’s (2021) conceptual framework on affective exercise experiences and their antecedent appraisals. It consists of [a] an instructor workshop focused on creating an inclusive, socially supportive atmosphere. Additionally, the program features [b] group exercise sessions covering topics such as attentional focus, preferred intensity, and flexible goal setting. Experiential learning is employed during these sessions, encouraging participants to engage not only physically but also to reflect on and in action. Finally, the program incorporates [c] a PA counseling session, during which participants individual motives for exercise are assessed, and suitable activities are discussed (Schorno et al., 2022).&#x0D; Methods&#x0D; We plan a multicenter randomized controlled trial to investigate the impact of the 6-8 week FEEL program. Inactive individuals (meeting less than 75% of recommended PA guidelines) in the age of 16 to 35 will take part in the study. Participants will be recruited via schools, universities, companies, and social work institutions. Around 300 people will be assigned to either the intervention or control group. The control group will undergo a standard fitness program (usual care). The primary outcomes positive affective exercise experiences, affect regulation competence, wellbeing and PA will be measured pre- (0 weeks), post-intervention (6 weeks) and at follow-up (12 weeks). After piloting the FEEL program in April 2024, the main study will start in fall 2024.&#x0D; Discussion&#x0D; This study explores the impact of a multifaceted intervention in a primary care context. It may provide valuable insights for effective considerations of affective processes and related competencies in PA programs. Should the FEEL program showcase positive effects, there may be interest in extending its implementation in diverse settings (e.g., rehabilitation).&#x0D; References&#x0D; Ekkekakis, P., Zenko, Z., &amp; Vazou, S. (2021). Do you find exercise pleasant or unpleasant? The Affective Exercise Experiences (AFFEXX) questionnaire. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 55, Article 101930. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.101930&#x0D; Hohberg, V., Kreppke, J.‑N., Cody, R., Guthold, R., Woods, C., Brand, R., Dunton, G., Rothman, A., Ketelhut, S., &amp; Nigg, C. (2022). What is needed to promote physical activity? Current Issues in Sport Science, 7, Article 005 https://doi.org/10.36950/2022ciss005&#x0D; Schorno, N., Gut, V., Conzelmann, A., &amp; Schmid, J. (2022). Effectiveness of individual exercise and sport counseling based on motives and goals: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 44(2), 103-115. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2021-0018&#x0D; Sudeck, G., &amp; Pfeifer, K. (2016). Physical activity-related health competence as an integrative objective in exercise therapy and health sports – Conception and validation of a short questionnaire. Sportwissenschaft, 46, 74–87. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12662-016-0405-4

Toward a representative assessment of competencies for a healthy, physically active lifestyle in the German population: development and validation of a short version of the physical activity-related health competence questionnaire (PAHCO_12)

Representative studies assessing behavior-oriented determinants for physically active lifestyles in the German adult population are lacking due to the absence of validated assessment instruments. Drawing on the physical activity-related health competence (PAHCO) model, the goal of the present study was to develop and evaluate a short version of PAHCO differentiating between the three sub-competencies ’movement competence’, ’control competence’, and ’self-regulation competence’. In the first step, we reduced the number of items from existing PAHCO-related questionnaires, while adjusting them for a telephone survey mode. In the second step, we validated this 12-item version with N = 3986 adults between 18 and 97 years (57.0 ± 18.2 years; 52.0% male) within the representative survey “German health Update” (GEDA 2023). We also gathered information about participants’ age, gender, education, leisure-time physical activity, and self-reported health. The psychometric analyses revealed satisfactory item statistics. Confirmatory factor analyses suggested a model variant in which two items showed theory-conform parallel loadings on a second sub-competence (comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.924, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.073, standardized root mean square residual [SRMR] = 0.044). The latent sub-competencies were significantly related to physical activity (0.20 ≤ β ≤ 0.27) and health (0.50 ≤ β ≤ 0.65), thus indicating criterion validity. The factor structure turned out to be invariant across age, gender, and educational levels. In summary, this study gained initial insights about the reliability and validity of a 12-item version of the PAHCO questionnaire. We recommend the instrument for use within representative surveys, for initial screening, the reporting of descriptive trends, or secondary outcomes of a trial.

Role of Satisfaction with Life, Sex and Body Mass Index in Physical Literacy of Spanish Children.

Physical activity (PL) is essential to achieve good health, prevent cardiovascular diseases, obesity and overweight, as well as to achieve a better quality of life. Therefore, PL could become the tool to increase the practice of physical activity among young people, thus increasing life satisfaction (LS) given its positive relationship with physical activity. A single-measure cross-sectional correlational study was carried out, involving 135 children aged 8-12 years from Extremadura. They were administered the SWLS questionnaire and the Canadian assessment of physical literacy (CAPL-2). Significantly higher levels of PL (p = 0.010) were found in normal-weight children compared to overweight and obese children, due to the physical competence domain score (p < 0.001). PL was directly related to SWLS (p < 0.001), but inversely related to BMI (p = 0.018). The daily physical activity behaviour domain was explained by SWLS (p < 0.001) and sex (p < 0.001). Physical competence was described by SWLS (p < 0.001) and BMI (p = 0.045). Finally, the motivation and confidence domain were only significantly associated with SWLS (p < 0.001). It was concluded that boys and girls of normal weight achieved higher levels of PL and LS than those with overweight and obesity, establishing a negative relationship of PL with BMI and positive with LS.

Reliability of a Musculoskeletal Imaging Competency Examination for Physical Therapists.

The Burley Readiness Examination (BRE) for Musculoskeletal (MSK) Imaging Competency assesses physical therapists' baseline MSK imaging competency. Establishing its reliability is essential to its value in determining MSK imaging competency. The purpose of this study was to test the reliability of the BRE for MSK Imaging Competency among physical therapists (PTs) with varying levels of training and education. Previous literature supports PTs' utility concerning diagnostic imaging; however, no studies directly measure their competency. With PTs expanding their practice scope and professional PT education programs, increasing their MSK imaging instruction, assessing competency becomes strategic in determining the future of MSK education and training. One hundred twenty-three United States licensed PTs completed the BRE. Physical therapists completed the BRE through an online survey platform. Point biserial correlation (rpb) was calculated for each examination question. Final analyses were based on 140 examination questions. Examination scores were compared using independent sample t-test and one-way analysis of variance. Chi-square tests and odds ratios (ORs) assessed the relationship of a passing examination score (≥75%) and the type of training. Reliability of the BRE was assessed using Cronbach's alpha (α). Mean overall examination score was 75.89 ± 8.56%. Seventy PTs (56.9%) obtained a passing score. Physical therapists with additional MSK imaging training, board certification, and residency or fellowship training scored significantly higher (P < .001) compared with those with only entry-level PT program education. Physical therapists with additional MSK imaging training scored significantly higher (x̄ = 81.07% ± 8.93%) and were almost 5 times (OR = 4.74, 95% CI [1.95-11.50]) as likely to achieve a passing score than those without. The BRE demonstrated strong internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.874). The BRE was reliable, consistently identifying higher examination scores among those with increased MSK imaging training. Training in MSK imaging influenced competency more than other factors. The BRE may be of analytical value to PT professional and postprofessional programs.

Experiences of young adults affected by cancer within an 8-week yoga intervention delivered by videoconference: a qualitative interview study

Background Yoga may reduce negative cancer- and treatment-related effects and help improve a range of outcomes, including flexibility, mindfulness, and quality of life among adults affected by cancer. Yet there is little evidence for the role of yoga among young adults (18–39 years) affected by cancer. Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of young adults affected by cancer in an 8-week yoga intervention delivered by videoconference. Methods Young adults who were diagnosed with cancer between the ages of 18 and 39 years, at any stage of the cancer trajectory, who were living in Canada, and who completed an 8-week yoga intervention were approached to complete a semi-structured interview. A social constructivist paradigm was adopted. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results Twenty-eight young adults (Mean age = 34.67 ± 5.11 years; n = 25 female) with varied cancer diagnoses participated. Participants’ perspectives were represented across 6 themes: (1) I was juggling a number of challenges and changes throughout the yoga intervention; (2) I noticed some improvements in my mental and physical health; (3) I made time to discover new strategies to take care of myself; (4) I was able to see what my body is capable of; (5) I was held accountable and I appreciated that, and; (6) I was able to be around similar others in a safe (virtual) space. Conclusions Findings suggest that an 8-week yoga intervention may offer some benefits for young adults affected by cancer. Self-care, self-compassion, mindfulness, feelings of physical competence, establishing a routine, and being around similar others were viewed as important components of the intervention and may have contributed to the benefits experienced. Findings underscore the potential utility of yoga as a supportive care intervention for young adults affected by cancer.

Effect of aerobic training versus brain gym exercises to improve global cognition and quality of life in elderly - a randomised clinical trial protocol

Literature implies that the length of life spent in good health continues to be fairly stable, indicating that additional years usually deteriorate health The aftermath for older people and society will be more profound if these extra years are primarily marked by declines in physical and mental competence. The cultures and settings individuals live in, paired with their personality traits have a lasting impact on how they age. Health can be shaped by physical and social environments that influence wellness practices. It is therefore essential to consider environmental and personal strategies as well as those that could aid in recovery, adaptation, and psychosocial development while constructing a public health response to aging. According to research, over the next three decades, there will be a more than doubling of the global elderly population. There will be 1.25 billion more people over the age of 60 in 2050, and 115.4 million of those people are expected to have dementia. 48 million people worldwide are affected by Alzheimer's disease, which accounts for 60–70% of dementia cases and causes serious societal, financial, and clinical issues. This alarms for a solution for the plethora of problems that arise with advancing age. Giving up a sedentary lifestyle and incorporating physical activity into daily activities has shown some amazing results in not only lowering the risk of developing serious illnesses but also 10 improving quality of life. Numerous studies have been conducted in recent years to determine how aerobic exercise and brain gymnastics can each improve health and life expectancy in the elderly, but relatively fewer researches have been done on how these two activities can work together. Consequently, here we intend to probe how aerobic exercise and brain training can enhance general cognition and overall quality of life.

Understanding the authenticity of surf tourism: evidence from Chinese tourists

Surf tourism authenticity has received limited theoretical attention. This study analyzed the surf tourism authenticity and its development by investigating Chinese tourists’ online content using grounded theory modified by Corbin and Strauss. The findings concluded that surf tourism authenticity consists of objective and existential authenticity perceived by surf tourists. Objective authenticity is necessary for realizing existential authenticity, but passing the rite of struggle is a sufficient condition. Tourists’ physical and mental competence are decisive factors that interactively determine whether or not they are able to pass the rite of struggle. This study contributes to the literature by (1) introducing authenticity to depict the surf tourism experience; (2) highlighting the importance of objective authenticity alongside existential authenticity for understanding surf tourism authenticity and discussing these two elements from a holistic perspective; and (3) proposing the rite of struggle to promote a better understanding of the relationship between two authenticities.

Perceived Physical Competence, Self-Esteem, and Leadership among Girls: A Program Evaluation of GOALS (Girls Organizing and Learning Sport)

This study evaluated a leadership-based physical activity program, Girls Organizing and Learning Sport (GOALS), by assessing changes in health behaviours, physical competence, self-esteem, and leadership. Of the 466 participants who enrolled in the program, 102 (22%) completed a pre-and post-program survey containing questions concerning demographics, physical activity, physical competence, self-esteem, and leadership. The GOALS program was held twice (fall 2022/winter 2023) and consisted of two-hour weekly sessions over four weeks at nine different locations. Paired-sample t-tests, Chi-squares, and one-way ANOVA tests were utilized to analyze differences before and after the GOALS program. Results revealed that more participants were involved in school sports, community sports, and regular physical activity post-program (all p’s &lt; 0.05). A significant difference was also observed between pre-and post-test scores for physical competence and self-esteem (p’s &lt; 0.05). However, the program did not elicit changes in health behaviours or total leadership scores (all p’s &gt; 0.05). Moreover, significant results were observed between physical competence difference scores and those who care for their health by exercising (p = 0.025), leadership difference scores and those who take care of their health by exercising (p = 0.044), self-esteem difference scores by program location (p = 0.001), and physical competence difference scores by ethnicity (p = 0.003). Overall, further research into the design, administration, and targeted outcomes is recommended for future sessions.

PROBLEMS IN FORMING STUDENTS’ COMPETENCE IN TEACHING PHYSICS

In recent years, global challenges have brought about significant changes in the field of education. While some of these changes have positively impacted the learning process, others have had negative consequences. On the positive side, the introduction of innovative technologies and digital learning tools has enhanced the quality of education and improved learning outcomes. However, the negative aspects of globalization, such as increased distractions and the loss of traditional learning values, have led to a decrease in students’ motivation to study.This article aims to identify the factors that hinder the development of subject competence in phys-ics among students in the current educational landscape. To achieve the goals and objectives of the study, a survey was conducted involving 53 teachers with varying years of experience teaching physics in Kazakh-medium classes. These teachers provided valuable insights into the challenges they face in fostering subject competence among their students.The results of the survey revealed that the vast majority of teachers believe the primary obstacle to the formation of students’ competence in physics is the lack of didactic materials aligned with the updated curriculum. The absence of well-structured resources that reflect the changes in the curriculum has made it difficult for teachers to effectively engage students and reinforce key concepts in physics. Furthermore, the study found that the inadequate provision of teaching aids, particularly in remote rural areas, further exacerbates the issue. Many schools in these areas lack the necessary equipment and re-sources to provide students with hands-on learning experiences.In addition to material challenges, the survey highlighted the decline in students’ motivation to acquire knowledge. This drop in motivation is attributed to several factors, including the increasing influence of digital distractions and a growing disconnect between students’ daily lives and academic learning. The lack of motivation, combined with the scarcity of modern educational tools and resources, poses a significant barrier to the effective teaching of physics.In conclusion, the study underscores the urgent need to address these challenges in order to improve the teaching of physics and foster better student competence in the subject. This will require not only updating didactic materials to align with new curricula but also ensuring that all schools, especially those in rural areas, are equipped with the necessary teaching aids. Additionally, strategies to enhance student motivation and engagement must be prioritized to create a more conducive learning environment.