Physical Activity Group Research Articles

P1101 Patient-reported physical activity of IBD patients is of concern when weighed with the international physical activity questionnaire regardless of disease activity and IBD phenotype: barriers and facilitators emerged from the extended "BE-FIT-IBD" cross-sectional study

Abstract Background As the World Health Organization recommends, regular physical activity (PA) determines quality of life. The qualitative/quantitative characteristics of ideal PA to be suggested for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) nor the relationship with disease activity are not yet well defined. This study aimed to weigh PA levels and barriers/facilitators to PA in a cross-sectional group of patients with IBD. Methods Consecutive Italian non-severe IBD patients (assessed with partial Mayo score for and Harvey-Bradshaw index) received an anonymous online questionnaire to assess PA levels using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), disease activity as Patient-Reported Outcomes 2 (PRO-2), and finally habits, beliefs, and barriers in conducting regular PA. Clinical, anthropometric, and demographic data were also collected. PA was processed as continuous units of resting metabolic rate in minutes/week (Met min/wk). Three PA groups were identified: inactive (< 700 Met min/wk), sufficiently active (700-2500 Met min/wk) and Health Enhancing PA (i.e., HEPA active, > 2500 Met min/wk) patients. Results The 219 patients enrolled exhibited overall PA levels of 834.5 Met min/wk, with a large proportion (94, 42.9%) classified as inactive. Only a minority (9, 4.1%) resulted as health-enhancing PA. Patients with a non-dyslipidaemia metabolic profile (p < 0.0001) or on biologics therapy (p=0.022) showed better IPAQ scores in moderate activities. PRO-2 correlated negatively with IPAQ intense activities scores (τ= -0.156, p=0.038) in ulcerative colitis patients. PRO-2 did not show notable sensitivity/specificity in predicting IPAQ inactivity (AUC < 0.6). IPAQ showed no notable differences when related to disease activity categories according to PRO-2 (p > 0.05). Physically active patients were more willing to discuss their PA with their IBDologists. Several barriers (e.g., diagnosis of IBD and fear of flare-ups after PA) are firmly rooted in physically inactive patients. Evacuation urgency (rectal syndrome) is the IBD-related barrier most physically inactive patients reported. Some fears about PA were worse felt in the absence of a stable partner (i.e., fear of worsening or recurrence of IBD, p < 0.05). Conclusion Many Italian IBD patients show a worrying rate of physical inactivity, depriving themselves of the multidimensional benefits that regular PA can bring. There is a need for IBDologists to act by removing barriers to PA and engaging in a regular discussion on the importance of PA with IBD patients. IPAQ has shown good feasibility and patient acceptance in this setting.

Comparison of Metabolic Risk Factors Based on the Type of Physical Activity in Korean Adolescents: Results from a Nationwide Population-Based Survey.

Physical activity (PA) is associated with a favorable metabolic risk profile in adults. However, its role in adolescents remains unclear. In this study, using data (2019-2021) from the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we investigated the optimal exercise type for preventing metabolic complications in adolescents. A total of 1,222 eligible adolescent participants (12-18-year-old) were divided into four groups as follows: aerobic exercise (AE), resistance exercise (RE), combined aerobic and resistance exercise (CE), and no exercise (NE). Daily PA was assessed using the international PA questionnaire. Blood samples were collected to measure lipid, glucose, and insulin levels. Additionally, the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and triglyceride-glucose (TyG) indices were measured. Multivariate regression analysis was used to compare the metabolic risk factors across the PA groups before and after propensity score matching (PSM) adjustment for confounding variables. The CE group exhibited improved fasting glucose levels, lower TyG index, reduced white blood cell count, and higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels than the NE group. The RE group exhibited lower mean blood pressure, triglyceride, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, TyG index and a reduced risk of metabolic syndrome than the NE group. The AE group had higher total and HDL cholesterol levels. In detailed comparison of the AE and RE groups, the RE group consistently exhibited favorable metabolic parameters, including lower blood pressure and total and low-density cholesterol levels, which persisted after PSM. These findings highlight the positive effects of PA on cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents. Thus, RE may have a more favorable metabolic effect than AE. Further studies are needed to validate the benefits of exercise according to the exercise type.

Physical activity positively impacts disability outcomes during transition from midlife to early older age irrespective of body mass index

We examined the effects of physical activity (PA) and body mass index (BMI) longitudinal patterns (trajectories) on subjective measures of mobility, function, and disability in adults and assessed whether effects of PA trajectories on function varied due to BMI. Group-based trajectory analyses were used to determine patterns of change in PA and BMI using data from the Health and Retirement Study 1931–1941 birth cohort (n = 10,507). Physical function was assessed by Mobility Limitations (0–5 scale) and Large Muscle Function (0–4 scale) Indexes, as well as with score for activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), with higher scores being worse. Our analyses estimated four distinct PA trajectories: decreasing, (2) fluctuating, (3) stable high, and (4) emergent (previously low/sedentary with increased PA over the study period). Worse mobility limitations, large muscle function, ADLs, and IADLs were associated with Decreasing and Fluctuating PA groups. Better outcomes were associated with Emergent and Stable High PA groups. The five BMI trajectories were stable normal/overweight, modest decreasing, fluctuating, steep decreasing, and increasing. No significant interaction existed between PA and BMI trajectories for Mobility Limitations (P= 0.577), Large Muscle Function (P= 0.511), ADLs (P= 0.600), and IADLs (P= 0.152). These findings may empower clinicians to promote messages to midlifers that meaningful changes in PA can improve function in older age.

Relationship between metabolic status, physical activity and cardiovascular disease in participants with obesity.

We aimed to investigate the independent and joint associations between metabolic status, PA (physical activity) and risk of CVD (cardiovascular disease) in participants with obesity. We included 109,301 adults with obesity free of baseline CVD enrolled from 2006 to 2010 in the UK Biobank cohort (aged 56 ± 7.9 years). Based on metabolic status, obesity was grouped into metabolically healthy obesity (MHO; free of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes; n = 26,989; BMI 33 ± 3.3 kg/m2) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO; n = 82,312; BMI 34 ± 4.0 kg/m2). PA was categorized into four groups according to moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA): none, low, medium, and high. Multivariable Cox regression models were used for the main analyses adjusting for sociodemographic factors, lifestyles and comorbidities. There were 8,059 CVD events during a median follow-up of 8.1 years. MHO was associated with a 42% reduced risk of CVD compared with MUO (HR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.53-0.63). A significant interaction effect between PA and metabolic status on CVD risk was found. Among MUO participants, individuals with PA had significantly decreased CVD risk when compared with no MVPA (HR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.81-0.94 for low PA; HR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.78-0.93 for medium PA; and HR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.80-0.92 for high PA). The lowest CVD risk was observed in MHO & medium PA group when compared with MUO & no MVPA (HR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.37-0.56). Both MHO and any MVPA were associated with reduced risk of CVD in adults with obesity, while PA could modify the relationship between metabolic status and CVD risk.

Associations of postdiagnosis changes in physical activity with all-cause mortality among patients with stage I-IIA colorectal cancer.

87 Background: Several observational studies show an association between physical activity (PA) at diagnosis and reduced risk of mortality among colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, but there has been limited research examining the potential benefit of changes in PA levels after CRC diagnosis. Here we investigate the association between change of PA and all-cause mortality in patients with stage I-IIA CRC receiving resection with curative intent. Methods: Data were used from two large Dutch CRC cohort studies (PLCRC & COLON), which assessed PA at diagnosis (T0), six (T6) and twelve (T12) months after diagnosis, using the SQUASH questionnaire. A total of 2540 stage I-IIA CRC patients with repeated PA measures (i.e. a T0 and at least a T6 or T12 questionnaire) were used for this analysis. Total PA was quantified by calculating Metabolic Equivalent Task (MET) hours per week and categorized as low, moderate, and high PA, based on tertiles of an age- and sex-matched sample of the general population. PA changes were evaluated at T6 and T12 relative to T0. Being active was defined per timepoint as being in the moderate or high total PA group, or adhering to the PA guideline (minimum of 150 minutes per week of moderate-intensity PA). Cox proportional hazards models were used to study the association between PA variables and all-cause mortality, adjusted for age, sex, BMI, and tumor location (colon vs rectum). Results: Median follow-up time was 35 months (interquartile range 19 – 55) during which a total of 133 deaths occurred. Being active at both T0 and T6 compared to being inactive at these timepoints, was associated with a lower rate of all-cause mortality for both PA variables (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.39 [95% confidence interval 0.24-0.63] and 0.41 [0.23-0.72] for total PA and guideline adherence, respectively). Similar results were found when comparing T12 to T0 (being active according to total PA HR 0.20 [0.09-0.42] and guideline adherence HR 0.31 [0.14-0.72]). Changing to either activity or inactivity at T6 or T12 was not significantly associated with all-cause mortality (Table). Conclusions: Maintaining a physically active lifestyle following surgery for stage I to IIA CRC is associated with longer overall survival, reinforcing the recommendations for physical activity. [Table: see text]

Altered central pain processing in patients with degenerative lumbar diseases and its association with low physical activity levels after lumbar spinal surgeries: a retrospective cohort analysis.

To investigate the occurrence of altered central pain modulation in patients with degenerative lumbar diseases (DLDs) and to analyze its association with physical activity (PA) 3years after lumbar decompression and fusion. Preoperative assessments of pressure pain thresholds (PPTs), temporal summation (TS), conditioned pain modulation (CPM) and pain were, respectively, recorded in 304 patients. These patients further underwent International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and both pain-related and psychological assessments 3years post-operation. Preoperatively, the patients had lower PPTs in both local pain and pain-free areas and lower CPM and higher TS in pain-free areas than healthy subjects (P < 0.05). Postoperatively, 53.9% (164/304) patients showed PA below healthy-related thresholds (< 600 MET min/w). Low PA group showed a greater postoperative weight gain and bone loss and a higher postoperative prevalence of both moderate anxiety and marginal depression than high PA group (P < 0.05). All covariates with differences between the high and low PA groups were subjected to multivariate logistic regression, and long preoperative disease duration, low preoperative PPT in pain-free area, high preoperative TS, revision surgery, severe postoperative low back pain and significant postoperative pain catastrophizing thought were independently associated with low postoperative PA (P < 0.05). This study supports the existence of central sensitization (CS) caused by abnormal central pain modulation in DLDs. Pre-existing CS in these patients may be associated with low PA after lumbar surgeries, and this low-activity lifestyle may predispose patients to multiple adverse health outcomes. Preoperative dynamic quantitative sensory testing may provide information for the identification of at-risk patients.

The Relationship Between Employee Physical Activity Intensity and Workplace Burnout: A Cross-sectional Study.

This study aimed to investigate employees' physical activity (PA) levels and workplace burnout. Participants, employed full-time, recruited through Prolific Academic, completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. An analysis of variance revealed a significant difference in burnout emotional exhaustion ( F (2,516) = 3.55, P = 0.03) and personal accomplishment ( F (2,516) = 4.23, P = 0.02) among three levels of PA groups, but not in burnout depersonalization. The moderate PA group scored significantly lower in burnout emotional exhaustion than the low PA group ( P = 0.025). The low PA group scored significantly lower in the burnout personal accomplishment than the high PA group ( P = 0.02) and the moderate PA group ( P = 0.03). Employees engaging in moderate PA showed an effective reduction in their burnout emotional exhaustion and promoted personal accomplishment.

Associations between physical activity, mental health concerns, eating disorder symptoms, and emotional intelligence in adolescent athletes transitioning from COVID-19

BackgroundIt is well known that COVID-19 significantly disrupted the routines of school sports for adolescent athletes. In transitioning from this “change event,” athletes may need support with resuming their pre-pandemic level of activities, and addressing their ongoing mental health concerns, including exacerbated eating disorder symptoms. Emotional intelligence (the ability to understand emotions, influencing decisions and motivation) is a factor that has not yet been studied during this transition, but may serve as a coping mechanism for altered physical activity, mental health, and eating disorder symptoms.MethodsParticipants of the study included 315 Iranian adolescent athletes who transitioned back to 1 of 10 sports post quarantine restrictions (January 2022–January 2023). Physical activity and related stages of motivation for behavioral change were assessed by the Physical Activity Stages of Change Questionnaire, mental health concerns were assessed by the General Health Questionnaire-28, eating disorder symptoms were assessed by the Eating Attitudes Test-26, and emotional intelligence was assessed by the Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Test.ResultsA three-way Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was conducted in order to test the overall differences between the 5 physical activity and behavioral change motivation groups (Pre-Contemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action, and Maintenance) on each of the 3 health measures (mental health concerns, eating disorder symptoms, and emotional intelligence); significant main effects were found for each measure. Fischer’s Least Significant Difference Post-Hoc Test indicated that there were significant differences between the Pre-Contemplation and Preparation groups, as well as the Preparation and Action groups, on all of the health measure mean variable scores, which contributed to the MANOVA significant main effects.ConclusionsParticipants in the Pre-Contemplation group (not intending to make behavioral changes within the next 6 months) had less mental health, higher eating pathology, and lower emotional intelligence, compared to participants who were in the Preparation group (intending to make behavioral changes within the next 1 month). Similarly, participants in the Preparation group had less mental health, higher eating pathology, and lower emotional intelligence, compared to participants who were in the Action group (has made specific, overt behavioral changes within the preceding 6 months). Overall, the findings from the current study highlight the need for sports professionals working with adolescent athletes transitioning from COVID-19 to monitor these aspects of mental, eating, and emotional health. Given that those in earlier motivation stages had more health concerns compared to those in later stages, professionals should encourage progression from the Pre-Contemplation to Action/Maintenance stage in order to improve health outcomes.

Joint association of sedentary behavior and physical activity domains with depression in Korean adults: Cross-sectional study combining four biennial surveys (2016-2022).

Although the increased prevalence of sedentary behavior and insufficient physical activity constitutes a global public health concern, there is limited research on their effects on mental health. We investigated the combined association of sedentary behavior (daily sitting or reclining ≥10 h/day) and physical activity domains (evaluated using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire, including occupational physical activity, leisure-time physical activity, and transportation-related physical activity) with depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9, cutoff score: 10). This cross-sectional study utilized biennial data of 21,416 adults (age >20 years) from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey waves 7-9 (2016-2022). Joint associations were explored by combining sedentary behavior and each physical activity domain into four levels. Sedentary behavior and occupational physical activity increased the risk of depression, leisure-time physical activity decreased the risk only in men, and transportation-related physical activity showed no significant association. Logistic regression each physical activity domain revealed, for men and women, a significantly higher risk of depression in the sedentary behavior (+)/occupational physical activity (+) group than in the sedentary behavior (-)/occupational physical activity (-) group (odds ratio: 3.05 and 2.66, respectively). The sedentary-behavior (+)/leisure-time physical-activity (-) group showed a significantly higher risk of depression than the sedentary behavior (-)/leisure-time physical activity (+) group (odds ratio: 2.50 and 2.14), and sedentary behavior (+)/transportation-related physical activity (-) group also showed a significantly higher risk of depression compared to the sedentary behavior (-)/transportation-related physical activity (+) group (odds ratio: 1.83 and 1.61). With concurrent exposure to sedentary behavior, the occupational physical activity and lack of leisure time and transportation-related physical activity synergistically increased the risk of depression. Encouraging leisure-time physical activity, minimizing rigorous occupational physical activity, and reducing sedentary behavior may reduce depressive symptoms, and research into specific domains of sedentary behavior and the quantity and quality of transportation-related physical activity is needed.

Characteristics and counseling strategies for physical activity used by primary health care professionals.

This study aim to describe the characteristics and strategies of counseling for physical activity used by Primary Health Care (PHC) professionals. A survey was carried out with 587 (85.4% women) health professionals who work in PHC in Florianopolis, in the state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. Counseling carried out in the last 12 months was considered. Operational aspects related to counseling practices and strategies used for counseling were evaluated. The frequency of physical activity guidance was 86.2% (95%CI = 83.2-88.8%). Counseling was characterized as a brief practice, carried out in individual consultations, aimed at adults and the older adults and people with morbidities. The most used strategy was to guide users to participate in physical activity groups at the Health Center (89.5%) and in relation to the 5As method, giving some "advice" was the most used strategy (99.0%) and the least used. used was to follow strategies (22.6%). Counseling for physical activity has been based on a brief practice, carried out in individual consultations and focused on people with morbidities and on adults and the elderly. The strategies used do not seem to cover the full care of the advised users.

Características e estratégias de aconselhamento para atividade física utilizadas por profissionais da atenção primária à saúde

Abstract This study aim to describe the characteristics and strategies of counseling for physical activity used by Primary Health Care (PHC) professionals. A survey was carried out with 587 (85.4% women) health professionals who work in PHC in Florianopolis, in the state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. Counseling carried out in the last 12 months was considered. Operational aspects related to counseling practices and strategies used for counseling were evaluated. The frequency of physical activity guidance was 86.2% (95%CI = 83.2-88.8%). Counseling was characterized as a brief practice, carried out in individual consultations, aimed at adults and the older adults and people with morbidities. The most used strategy was to guide users to participate in physical activity groups at the Health Center (89.5%) and in relation to the 5As method, giving some “advice” was the most used strategy (99.0%) and the least used. used was to follow strategies (22.6%). Counseling for physical activity has been based on a brief practice, carried out in individual consultations and focused on people with morbidities and on adults and the elderly. The strategies used do not seem to cover the full care of the advised users.

The Association of Physical Activity and Stress-induced Neurocognitive Impairments in Inhibitory Control in Children

Background Evaluation stress can impair inhibitory control, limiting the ability of children to perform cognitively. However, evidence on protective factors is lacking as stress-induced cognitive impairments are poorly understood. High physical activity has been related to better inhibitory control and has the potential to buffer the response to a stressor. We investigated the association of physical activity and stress-induced changes in inhibitory control as well as its underlying cognitive control processes (i.e., conflict monitoring and resolution). Method Participants (10 to 13 y) with either low (N = 55) or high moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (N = 55) completed the Trier Social Stress Test for Children (TSST-C) and a control task in a randomized order. During both conditions, salivary cortisol was collected. Additionally, a computerized Stroop task was administered before and after the experimental conditions. The N200 and positive slow wave (PSW) components of event-related potentials elicited by the Stroop task were recorded using electroencephalography. Results In comparison to the control task, the TSST-C elicited a pre-to post-test decrease of accuracy on incompatible trials. Path-analyses further revealed that this decrease was related to low physical activity and a reduced PSW amplitude. However, both the N200 and PSW amplitudes did not mediate the relation between physical activity groups and performance on the Stroop task. Conclusion In children, evaluation stress decreases inhibitory control partly due to a reduced effectiveness of conflict resolution processes. Only children with high physical activity maintain inhibitory control after facing the stressor. However, this protective effect cannot be attributed to changes in conflict monitoring and resolution.

Global Physical Activity, Active Commuting to School, and Sedentary Behavior Among Latin American Adolescents: Global School-Based Student Health Survey and the National School Health Survey.

This study aimed to compare the overall prevalence, stratified by sex and age group of global physical activity (GPA), active commuting to school (ACS), and sedentary behavior (SB) among adolescents from ten Latin American countries, and to assess the correlation of Development Index with the indicators. This research is grounded on data from the Global School-Based Student Health Survey (2009-2015) and the 2015 Brazilian National School Health Survey. The prevalence and 95% confidence intervals for GPA (≥5d/wk), ACS (≥1d/wk), and SB (>2h/d) were calculated using the chi-square test to compare the sexes (male; female) and age group (≤13y; 14y; 15y; ≥16y). We also performed Pearson correlation analysis with the Human Development Index. The prevalence of indicators ranged from 16.1% to 28.2% for GPA, from 56.7% to 71.2% for ACS, and from 20.7% to 62.6% for SB. Boys generally had a higher prevalence of GPA and ACS, and girls had a higher prevalence of SB. The prevalence of the indicators by age group varied between countries, with significant differences observed in some, depending on each indicator. A positive correlation was observed between Human Development Index, GPA, and SB. Health promotion policies must include guidelines that encourage and promote a more active and less sedentary lifestyle among young people in Latin America, considering specific groups, the local socioeconomic context, and differences between countries.

KEeP ACTIVe Club Study: Kidney Transplant Recipients' Experiences of a Physical Activity and Social Interaction Virtual Group.

It can be difficult for kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) to be physically active after their transplantation. Physical inactivity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, one of the leading cause of death among KTRs. To help KTRs start and maintain a physical activity routine, we developed the KEeP ACTIVe Club, a 6-month online intervention with access to a kinesiologist, a patient partner, and a private support group with an online platform (Facebook). The objective of this study was to capture the participants' experiences of the KEeP ACTIVe Club. Individual interviews. The Center hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) and the McGill University Health Center (MUHC) kidney transplant programs. Kidney transplant recipients who participated in the KEeP ACTIVe Club. Between October and December 2021, we conducted 11 individual semi-directed interviews with KTRs from 2 urban kidney transplant programs who participated in the KEeP ACTIVe Club. The interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed. Thematic analysis was conducted. Participants' principal motivation to participate in the KEeP ACTIVe Club was to improve their physical fitness following their transplant in a pandemic period. One of the main benefits of the KEeP ACTIVe Club was the improvement of participant's self-confidence and the knowledge gained regarding exercises adapted to their reality as KTRs. However, the small number of participants and the schedules of classes offered were viewed as a pitfall of the current intervention. Finally, the peer mentoring and support gained by other participants were important and viewed as highly impactful aspects of the KEeP ACTIVe Club. Only 11 of the 18 patients who participated in the KEeP ACTIVe Club took part in the interviews. Participants reported a positive experience with the KEeP ACTIVe Club. Peer mentoring and support gained from other participants seem to be essential aspects of the experience within the KEeP ACTIVe Club. This program is a good avenue to offer in post-transplant care to help KTRs to be more active and to connect with other patients.

The Effect of Levels of Leisure-Time Physical Activity on Cognitive Functions Among Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Longitudinal Analysis.

One dementia prevention strategy that is effective for older adults is frequent participation in leisure time physical activity. However, research gaps exist in our understanding of the longitudinal relationship between different levels of leisure time physical activity participation and the cognitive function of older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Thus, we investigated this relationship using Health and Retirement Study data from 2012 to 2020. Results from Repeated Measures Multivariate Analysis of Covariance indicated that both the mid (Mean Difference = -0.45) and high level (Mean Difference = -0.82) leisure time physical activity groups showed higher levels of memory function compared to the low-level leisure time physical activity group. Additionally, the mid (Mean Difference = -0.21) and high level (Mean Difference = -0.37) leisure time physical activity groups reported better working memory function, and the mid (Mean Difference = -0.02) and high level (Mean Difference = -0.02) leisure time physical activity groups showed higher levels of attention and processing speed than the low-level leisure time physical activity group. These findings suggest that older adults with mild cognitive impairment who engage either vigorously or moderately in leisure time physical activity (more than three times a week) experience improvements in cognitive function compared to those who do not. This study provides valuable insights for clinicians on the optimal level of leisure time physical activity required to mitigate cognitive decline in older adults with mild cognitive impairment.

RELAÇÃO QUANTITATIVA ENTRE ATIVIDADE FÍSICA E ANTI-HIPERTENSIVOS EM IDOSAS

ABSTRACT Introduction: Physical activity is an important tool to manage systemic arterial hypertension. However, less is known about the relationship of physical activity with the number of antihypertensive drugs used by older adults. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the number of antihypertensive drugs used by older female adults (aged ≥ 60 years) with a low level of physical activity with the number used by those with a high level of physical activity, and to verify how many participants used more than two antihypertensive drugs. Methods: Twenty-eight physically active older women with systemic arterial hypertension who participated in a physical activity program for community-dwelling older female adults were divided into two groups: participants who presented lower habitual physical activity levels were placed in group 1 and participants that presented higher habitual physical activity levels were placed in group 2, according to the Baecke questionnaire. In addition, the number of antihypertensive drugs used by participants was collected. Results: The number of prescribed antihypertensive drugs was 2.0 (median) for both groups investigated. There was no significant difference between groups regarding the number of antihypertensive tablets prescribed (p&gt;0.05). Although there was no statistical difference, a higher proportion of participants from the lower physical activity group used more than two antihypertensive drugs. Conclusion: The level of habitual physical activity did not affect the number of antihypertensive tablets used by hypertensive elderly women. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies – investigation of treatment results.

The Effectiveness of Various Physical Activities on Glycemic Control in Individuals with Prediabetes Mellitus in Semarang Municipality

Currently, diabetes mellitus is a prevalence in Indonesia, with a rate of 2.1% based on relevant diagnoses or symptoms. It is estimated that by 2030, the number of individuals suffering form diabetes mellitus will reach 21.3 million. Conversely, the proportion of individuals with prediabetes is 2-4 times higher than those with diabetes. Physical activity has been identified as a preventive measure for prediabetes. Several studies have demonstrated the significant impact of physical activity on glycemic control. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of different physical activities on glycemic control in prediabetic clients residing in Semarang municipality. A randomized control trials with a pretest-posttest design was conducted on 60 prediabetic clients using different treatments, including healthy/slow walking, brisk walking, and a combination of both slow and brisk walking. The data of the study were analyzed using univariate, and bivariate analysis using repeated ANOVA. All statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS version 22. The average level of glycemic control before intervention in the healthy walking group was 5.57%, which decreased to 5.46% after intervention. The combination group decreased from 5.93% to 5.78%, and the slowly walking group decreased from 5.74% to 5.71%. However, there was no significant effect of slowly walking on glycemic control (HbA1c levels). In contrast, brisk walking and the combination of slow walking and brisk walking had a significant effect on glycemic control (p&lt;0.05). The combination of the physical activity group demonstrated the greatest impact on glycemic control (p&lt;0.05).

Effects of moderate physical activity on HB level and psychological well-being in females – A randomized control trial

Objective: To determine the effects of moderate physical activity on HB level, and psychological well-being in females. Methodology: A single blinded, randomized control trial was conducted on n=30 participants for a period of 6 months. The participants with the age 18-25 years were recruited through non-probability convenient sampling technique and randomly divided into two groups experimental and control group. The data was collected at the baseline after the six weeks of intervention. The outcome measures were Hb level and psychological wellbeing through perceived stress scale (PSS). Results: The mean age of study participants was 19.59±1.32 years. While mean BMI of the participants was 24.22±3.43 kg/m2. The result showed significant increase in hemoglobin concentrations in experimental group as compared to control group (p&lt;0.001) after 6th week intervention. On the other hand, there were no significant differences between both group (p=0.63) at the end of intervention. Conclusion: Moderate physical activity group suggests that the intervention had a positive impact on this hemoglobin parameter. However, since there were no significant differences in perceived stress levels. Keywords: Key words: hemoglobin; brisk walking; psychological well-being; push-ups; sit ups; stress scale; physical fitness.

Double-edged effect of physical activity on non-suicidal self-injury among depressed adolescents: An analysis of underlying mechanisms

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is an emerging health concern is adolescents. The current research investigated the relationship between physical activity (PA) and NSSI frequency in depressed adolescents and analyzed the mediating role of perceived stress (PS), as well as the moderating role of perceived social support (PSS). 1675 depressed adolescents aged 12 to 18 years across 9 provinces in mainland China were recruited from December 2020 to December 2021. We employed the SPSS PROESS models to test the mediating effects and moderating effects. The age, gender, depression, peer bullying and rumination factors were controlled in the analysis. PA was negatively associated with PS, and PS was positively associated with NSSI frequency. However, PA exerted positive direct impacts on NSSI frequency. The total effect of PA on NSSI was positive and significant. PA exhibits a double-edged effect on NSSI frequency. Notably, for different physical activity levels, the positive impact of PA on NSSI only existed in high PA group. PSS effectively moderated and attenuated the effect of PS on NSSI. An appropriate level of PA should be maintained and the disadvantages of excessive activity should be avoided.

Race and ethnic differences in physical activity, osteopenia, and osteoporosis: results from NHANES 2009-2010, 2013-2014, 2017-2018.

Most older adults do not engage in the recommended levels of physical activity to improve health, and there are racial and ethnic differences in physical activity participation. This study aims to evaluate whether meeting the physical activity recommendation is related to osteopenia and osteoporosis in a racially and ethnically diverse sample of older adults. Femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2009-2010, 2013-2014, 2017-2018) was obtained from 5252adults 60-80 years old. Self-reported physical activity was categorized into met recommendation, some physical activity, and no physical activity. We used linear regression models to examine the association between physical activity and BMD for each race and ethnic group adjusting for sociodemographics and other selected variables. Non-Latino Blacks (NLB) and Latinos reported the lowest prevalence of meeting the physical activity recommendation, compared with Non-Latino Whites (NLW) (40.0%, 44.0%, and 51.4%, respectively; p < 0.0001). Further, NLB and Latinos had a lower prevalence of osteoporosis when compared to NLW (5.4%, 7.3%, and 9.1% respectively; p < 0.0001). There was a 0.03 g/cm2 difference in BMD between those who met the physical activity recommendation when compared to the no physical activity group; however, this decreased after adjusting for selected covariates. Considering the prevalence and burden of osteopenia and osteoporosis, and projected increases in the racial and ethnic diversity of the older population, more research is needed to further understand the association between meeting the physical activity recommendation and bone health among racial and ethnic diverse older adults.