Phraseological Dictionaries Research Articles

Метафорические признаки концептов РЫБА / 鱼 в русской и китайской картинах мира на материале словарей

This study focuses on the ichthyological vocabulary of the Russian and Chinese languages, based on a vivid image, a metaphor. The aims were to determine the volume of the nominative fields of the concepts FISH and 鱼, to identify metaphorical lexemes-representatives, and to carry out a comparative study of metaphorical models representing the ideas about fish in Russian and Chinese linguocultures. Russian and Chinese explanatory and phraseological dictionaries served as the material. In both languages, metaphors with the target area “fish” have been found to be constructed in the same way and to be based on the likeness of a fish to a person, an animal, or an instrument in terms of external similarity. However, each linguo-culture has culturally specific metaphorical models with source area “fish” and unique symbolic features of the concepts FISH and 鱼. For example, the Russian linguistic picture of the world involves a productive metaphorical model revealing the likeness of a person to a fish, originating from the negatively assessed external similarity. The Chinese linguistic picture of the world proved to have a model showing the likeness of a country or army to a fish organism according to an internal structure. In addition, many symbolic features reflected in dictionaries have been found in the structure of the Chinese concept 鱼, with those features drawing on both historical and contemporary ideas.

Диалектная лексикография русского языка в начале ХХІ века

We analyze the dialect lexicographic situation in Russia at the beginning of the 21st century: dictionaries of different genres are highlighted, publications of specific regions and districts are grouped, – both collective and individual works. In general, a brief systematic review of 87 (very large, large, medium and small) dialect lexicographic works is given. We note that the di-alectography of recent decades is represented mainly by traditional differential dictionaries, which differ from the literary standard, and less often by non-differential, full-type dictionaries; it has been supplemented with 9 thematic dictionaries; 5 – idiolect dictionaries; 2 dictionaries of dialect vernacular; motivational dictionary of subdialect; figurative units of dialect; emotional-evaluative vocabulary of dialects; 7 phraseological dictionaries of dialects. Of the 87 dictionaries, 4 are ongoing (unfinished) issues, volumes of works published since the second half of the 20th century; 11 are completed (published) dictionaries, work on which was started in the late 90s of the twentieth century; 65 are published editions from 2001 to 2021 (4 dictionaries of which were published decades after compilation, 2 are additions to previously published works, 10 dictionaries are corrected and supplemented; 7 continue to be published). New lexicographic works almost completely cover the map of Russian dialects.

О «Фразеологическом словаре русских говоров Тюменской области» Рецензия на книгу: Багирова Е. П., Белякова С. М. Фразеологический словарь русских говоров Тюменской области. Тюмень, 2020. 356 с.

Phraseological Dictionary of Russian dialects of the Tyumen region was prepared by E. P. Bagirova and S. M. Belyakova and published in 2020 by Tyumen State University. The dictionary covers the phraseological spectrum of dialects of all districts of the Tyumen region, including almost 2,400 phrases recorded in the second half of the 20th - early 21st centuries. The material collected reflects a broad understanding of phraseology, with phraseological units, ritual terminology, proverbs, riddles, omens, and well-wishes presented in the dictionary. This paper considers the phraseological material of the dictionary from the point of view of its lexicographic development, with the main attention paid to the micro-structure of the dictionary. Each of the nine parameters proposed by the authors to describe the Tyumen phraseology is commented on. It is worth noting that most of these parameters are presented quite systematically and correspond to the principles declared. However, some critical remarks and suggestions have been made concerning the lexicographical presentation of some facts, which may be useful for a possible reissue of the dictionary. These comments focus on determining the initial form of idioms, distinguishing variant and synonymy, stating combinability, accuracy of definitions, and the selection of illustrative material. It should be pointed out that the dictionary under review significantly enriches modern Russian dialect phraseography and can undoubtedly be useful to scientists, teachers, local historians, and all those concerned with the fate of the folk word and traditional culture of the region.

ЧТО ОЗНАЧАЕТ "ПОТЕРЯТЬ ЛИЦО" В РУССКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ?

The article deals with the semantic uncertainty of the phraseologism to lose face in the modern Russian language. The purpose of the study is to establish the evaluative characteristics of “loss of face” in the context of other moral “losses” (lose shame, lose conscience). The work was carried out on the material of explanatory and phraseological dictionaries of the Russian language with the use of data from the National Corpus of the Russian Language. In the course of the study, methods and operational procedures were used, including contextual analysis of phraseological unit syntagmatics, elements of component and frame analysis, methods of equivalent substitutions and context transformations. The study found that the “loss of face” in the Russian language occupies a special position among other significant moral losses. “To lose conscience, shame” denotes the loss of morally valuable qualities denoted by these words, and is understood unambiguously in this regard. The polysemy of the word face leads to the fact that the phraseological units lose face can convey a whole range of meanings, among which the main ones are the following: loss of individuality, distinctive personality traits, loss of reputation and respect in the eyes of others, loss of control over oneself, one’s emotions. The evaluative characteristics of the phraseological unit to lose face also differ from the evaluation of “loss of shame” or “loss of conscience”. “Loss of shame (conscience)” receives public censure; “loss of face” is negatively evaluated and painfully realized by the subject himself.

Две «пятерки» словарю (к 55-летию выхода в свет «Фразеологического словаря русского языка» под редакцией А.И. Молоткова)

The significance of lexicographic works is determined by their demand, the degree of satisfaction of user requests, and an innovative contribution to the general practice of vocabulary. However, there are dictionaries that contribute not only to lexicography proper, but also to the general theory of the language science. Among the latter are those which, according to the scientific ideas embedded in them, are ahead of their time; therefore, they can be objectively evaluated only after some time. Among them, of course, is the Phraseological Dictionary of the Russian Language edited by Aleksandr Ivanovich Molotkov. The dictionary was published exactly 55 years ago, in 1967. This article aims to assess the place and role of Molotkov’s Phraseological Dictionary of the Russian Language in the formation and development of phraseological science and phraseography and its significance as a practical guide for different categories of users. This lexicographic project was designed in the middle of the 20th century, when phraseology was just establishing itself as a special scientific discipline and the need for a special dictionary was especially acutely realized. It was a project in which the main corpus of phraseological units of the Russian language would be presented in a systematized and lexicographically processed form. The project was successfully implemented primarily because it was based on the integral scientific concept developed by Molotkov, which allowed not only to objectively describe the phraseological unit itself as a special unit of the language and the composition of such units in the language, but also to develop the basic principles of the lexicographic representation of idioms in the dictionary taking into account the specifics of their form, content, and use in speech. The analysis presented in the article shows that in this dictionary such aspects of a phraseological unit as its form; lexical and grammatical meanings; lexical and grammatical properties; compatibility with words; stylistic, emotional, and expressive connotations; historical and temporal relatedness; the peculiarities of the correlation of phraseological units with each other in the form and content, in particular the phenomena of homonymy, synonymy and antonymy in the field of phraseology received an original theoretical and lexicographic development. The language material described in the dictionary made it possible to present the main body of Russian phraseology and to show the place of idioms in Russian vocabulary, the features of the correlation of idioms with each other and with other units. The dictionary clearly shows that a phraseological unit is a special unit of the language, which is categorically different from all other units of the language, including words and phrases, both in its formal and content properties, and in its functional role in the language, and in its use in speech. In the conclusion, the article notes that the scientific concept developed for this dictionary and put into practice in it has been further developed both in scientific writings and in dictionaries. The author declares no conflicts of interests.

KONTRASTIVNA ANALIZA KOMPARATIVNIH FRAZEOLOGIZAMA U SRPSKOM I NEMAČKOM JEZIKU ZA LEKSIČKO POLjE „BOGATSTVO“

The paper deals with the analysis of comparative similes at the lexical, morphosyntactic and semantic level that operate within the concept of wealth. The corpus was extracted from phraseological dictionaries of the Serbian and German languages on the basis of semantic and structural criteria, which was confirmed by contextualized examples from the language of the written media. After a detailed analysis of the components of similes with a special focus on their semantics and with intercultural explanations, a contrastive analysis identified different types of equivalence for similes in Serbian as a source language and in German as a target language. Contrastive analysis was conducted in one direction. The importance of the paper is reflected in the theoretical analysis and definition of similes, as well as in its applicability in the field of lexicography and language teaching.

Representation of Game Phrase-Making Mechanisms in Educational Dictionary: Practical Lexicography

The practical experience of the vocabulary representation of the mechanisms of game phraseology is described, the difficulties of lexicography of phraseological units built on the game paradox are listed, the ways to solve the problem of etymologization of phraseological games in the educational dictionary are showed. The main positions of the innovative technology for constructing educational phraseological dictionaries in paper format are presented. The relevance of the research is due to the great developmental impact of phraseological games on the addressee-child and the need to improve the system of their lexicographic description for educational purposes. The novelty of the research lies in the appeal to the unexplored problematic of describing phraseological games and the development of a technique for etymological paraphrasing, including interpretive and plot-compositional techniques, which are implemented in a twolevel configurative structure of etymological paraphrase. Special attention is paid to lexicographic techniques that allow revealing the specifics of phraseological games built on false imagery, as well as phraseological games, the content plan of which is not opposed to the expression plan, and their actual meaning is logically justified and motivated. Examples of dictionary entries of new phraseographic projects of the Experimental Laboratory of Educational Lexicography of Pskov University are given — a quest dictionary and a phraseological puzzle dictionary, the genres of which adequately reveal the specifics of phraseological games.

A Contrastive Psycholinguistic Study of the British Emotional Concept 'Envy' and Ukrainian 'Zazdrist’': Particularities of Phraseological Objectification

The article focuses on exploring the phraseological objectification of the “sinful” emotional concepts Brit. ENVY and Ukr. ЗАЗДРІСТЬ in the remotely related lingual cultures (British and Ukrainian). To identify common and distinctive senses of these concepts (1) the range of the concepts that closely correlate to the discussed emotional concepts was defined and (2) the system of conceptual metaphors representing these concepts was revealed. The material involves 253 phraseological units (PUs) that denote envy in the English language and 309 PUs in Ukrainian. The material is selected from authoritative explanatory, bilingual and phraseological dictionaries. The contrastive research of the concepts ENVY & ЗАЗДРІСТЬ that correlate with other ethical and emotional concepts (e.g.: GRATITUDE, KINDNESS, VIRTUE, HONOUR) makes it possible to speak about the concurrence of fundamental moral values and attitudes in Christian cultures. Moreover, the concepts ENVY & ЗАЗДРІСТЬ figure prominently in the hierarchy of values (“white” envy) vs. disvalues (“black” envy) of the contrasted lingual cultures. The conceptual metaphors provide the concept ENVY with the meanings that are considered to be specific for the lingual culture under study. Our findings show that despite the universal character of envy both as an emotion and a feeling, it is permanently affected by ethnic and socio-cultural factors that provide the concepts ENVY & ЗАЗДРІСТЬ with specific lingual cultural meanings. It is noteworthy that the study of the PUs can reveal only the traditional (fixed) understanding of envy. Therefore, to detect the changes in the modern priorities of the British and Ukrainians, it is necessary for prospective research to compare the results of the language material (lexicographic and phraseographic resources) with the results of analysis of actual language data, i.e. psycholinguistic experiments, sociolinguistic monitoring, language corpora.

Сіні колер ў фразеалагічнай карціне свету беларусаў і чэхаў

The following article is dedicated to a comparative analysis of the colour blue in Belarusian and Czech phraseology. The objects of research are phraseological units with coloronym (сіні/modrý). The main goal is to compare the representation of the colour blue using both synchronic and diachronic approaches in order to identify equivalents and lacunae and describe their national and cultural specifics. The main comparative method is supplemented by etymological and linguistic-cultural commentaries, the method of continuous sampling of material from significant phraseological dictionaries is also implemented. Observations of the development of phraseological semantics of the colour blue confirm the idea of semantic ambivalence of any colour. Phraseologisms in which the colour blue is subject to the process of metaphorization reflects the social tendencies created by man. Outdated units prevail in the „blue phraseology” of both languages. Neological tendencies are connected to globalization trends and national realities. The analysis showed that in Belarusian and Czech phraseology blue is not dominant, but in the phraseological stock of both languages, it occupies its niche and carries a specific semantic load. The article is a contribution to the development of phraseological comparative research of Belarusian and Czech, the topic of phraseological representation of blue being compared in these two languages has not been previously examined.

On the Problem of Lexicographical Representation of Productive Phraseological Patterns (As Shown by Modern Greek Constructional Phrasemes)

This paper discusses the problems of lexicographical representation of Modern Greek constructional phrasemes – productive phraseological patterns with one or more variable components (slots).
 The analysis of Modern Greek general and phraseological dictionaries has shown that, in Modern Greek lexicography, there is no unified approach towards the description of this type of phraseologisms. One of the significant problems associated with lexicographical treatment of Modern Greek constructional phrasemes is that some of them are registered in dictionaries as fully fixed expressions with their slot(s) filled with a specific lexeme or a specific proposition, without any indication that these expressions possess a variable component. Such lexicographical representation of productive phraseological patterns does not reflect the real linguistic usage and does not allow the reader of the dictionary to understand that the expressions described in the dictionary as fully fixed show considerable variation and possess one or two slots that can be filled with a wide range of words or word combinations.
 The corpus analysis of the constructional phraseme Ούτε να Ρ (literally, ‘neither if’), which is registered in Modern Greek dictionaries in five different, all fully lexically specified forms, has shown that the specific realizations of this productive phraseological pattern included in the dictionaries either have relatively low frequency of occurrence in the corpus, or are not encountered in the corpus at all. Other realizations of this phraseological pattern account for over 92 % of all the cases of its use in the corpus, but the common pattern behind them can hardly be identified with the help of the existing lexicographical descriptions, as it is registered in the dictionaries under the lemmas of five different lexemes that do not form part of its fixed component.
 Based on the findings of this study, the paper raises the issue of developing a new approach towards the description of productive phraseological patterns that currently pose a significant challenge for adequate lexicographical representation.

Comparative Analysis of Equivalence of Somatic Phraseological Units in German and Uzbek Languages

This article is devoted to a comparative analysis of somatic phraseological units in German and Uzbek. Somatic phraseological units are part of a common group of phrases in German and Uzbek. Many languages have equivalents of somatic phraseological units, however, each part of the body is associated with certain characteristics: head with mind, heart with feelings, mouth and tongue with speech, hands with practical activity. The work contains about 1500 somatic phrases based on explanatory phraseological dictionaries and multilingual phraseographic sources of German and Uzbek languages, which are studied in terms of lexic, syntax and semantics. The work explores somatic expressions in both languages from a lexical, syntactic and semantic point of view. In the somatic phraseological units, the human body participates as a nuclear word, and they have cultural signs of a certain mentality. From the point of view of structural-semantic and structural-syntactic interactions, somatisms in German and Uzbek were studied in such categories as absolute equivalence, partial equivalence, zero equivalence. In this work, phraseological units corresponding to all lexical, morphological and syntactic criteria of equivalence are interpreted as absolute, having almost the same meaning in both languages, as well as small morphological-syntactic and lexical-semantic differences - as partially equivalent, without alternative equivalents or lexical options in comparable languages according to internal and external linguistic factors, as zero equivalents. The results of the study are presented in tables as statistical data.

Similarities and differences in the motivational basis of zoophraseological units (in Kazakh and Turkish languages)

The article is dedicated to the phraseological units with zoonimic components in Kazakh and Turkish languages. The national-cultural specificity of the perception of the world by the Turkic peoples is manifested in zoo-phraseologiсal units. Despite the fact that zoonymic phraseological units in Kazakh and Turkish linguistics are comprehensively considered in the works of scientists from the semantic-structural, ethnolinguistic, cognitive points of view, today we consider it important to compare zoophraseological units between related languages in the context of the continuity of language and culture. Linguocultural semantics of Turkic zoophraseological units highlights the relationship between the language and the culture, linguocultural information about everyday life, customs and beliefs of Turkic people. The article identifies similarities and differences in the motivational basis of the phraseological units where animal names are used in the Turkic languages. The objective of the study is to analyse the semantic structure of zoophraseological units from a linguocultural point of view. First of all, the standard phraseological collocations associated with horses are summarized and explained with the help of phraseological dictionaries of the two languages, then the similarities and differences of Turkic people in the motivational basis of zoophraseological units are analyzed. The ethnic and cultural code typical for a particular nation is found under the zoophraseological units analysed in the course of the study. The study of the semantic and motivational basis of zoo-phraseological units in the Turkic languages is important in the vocabulary of the Turkic languages. Key words: zoonym, zoophraseological unit, zoonimic code, ethnocultural code.

Methods of translating nonequivalent units in the Russian-English Dictionary of Phraseological Euphemisms

This article explores the problem of adequate translation of English equivalents of the Russian phraseological euphemisms in the compiled by the authors “Russian-English Dictionary of Phraseological Euphemisms” – the first bilingual dictionary of euphemisms. Special attention is given to preservation of the significative and denotative component of the meaning of Russian phraseological euphemisms in their translating into English. The subject of this research is the methods of adequate transmission of the semantics of nonequivalent reinterpreted Russian euphemisms. The goal lies in the description of possible methods of translating nonequivalent Russian phraseological euphemisms into English: the right part of the dictionary entry is still under study. The novelty of this research lies in the discussion of possible methods of translating nonequivalent phraseological euphemisms that combine the characteristic features of both phraseological and euphemistic nominations. These typical characteristics are reflected in the right part of the dictionary entry. The acquires results prove that existence of four methods of translating nonequivalent phraseological euphemisms: using loanwords, lexical, descriptive and compound translation; the letter is crucial in delivering necessary information on the Russian phraseological euphemisms. The conclusion is made on the need to include additional information on the peculiarities of euphemistic nomination of the Russian phraseological euphemisms in form of descriptive translation into English, as opposed to the method of translating nonequivalent phraseological units in the existing bilingual phraseological dictionaries.

Syntactic functioning of verbal phraseological units with atypical structure

The question concerning the syntax role of verbal phraseological units with an atypical structure is considered to be one of the complex issues of the syntax of a simple sentence (in their structure, such units do not have a verb component which may reflect such categories as type, tense, person, number). The aim of the research is to analyze the main patterns of the syntax functioning of verbal phraseological units with atypical structure in one- and two-parts sentences of the Belarusian language. The methodological base consists of the works of leading local and foreign linguists in phraseology and syntax. The material for the study is based on the factual material of the reputable phraseological dictionary of Mr. Lepeshev. The main methods are description, comparison, analytical research method, use of elements of quantitative calculations. The article considers the use issues of verbal phraseological units with an atypical structure in two-part sentences with a subject reflecting a person, a concrete or abstract subject. Mostly verb phraseological units are used in full sentences, but they can also be used in incomplete contextual ones. The author substantiates the use patterns of verbal phraseological units with an atypical structure which are used as a simple complexified verbal predicate in a two-parts sentence. The article also names and indicates factors influencing the functioning of verbal phraseological units in the role of linkers or copular parts. Being close in meaning to an infinitive, such units in combination with predicatives play the role of the main member of one-part impersonal sentences. The atypical functions of such units are the functions of definition, complement and adverbial of purpose. The article conclusions can be applied in lectures and practical classes in linguistics and cultural studies, as well as in the preparation of phraseological dictionaries.

Cognitive features of the concept food in Russian, English and Chinese linguocultures

The article is devoted to the similarities and differences of the concepts YEDA / FOOD / SHI in Russian, English, and Chinese linguocultures. The purpose of the work is to present semantics structures of the concept FOOD in named languages and analyze them using the comparative method. The research was performed on the basis of explanatory and phraseological dictionaries of Russian, English and Chinese languages. The results prove that the general idea of the concept differs in the Russian, English, and Chinese linguocultures, which comes down to its subjects, functions, and forms. The transferred meanings of the verbalizers food and yeda remain close to their direct meanings, and the corresponding concepts possess only positive connotations, while the meanings of the verbalizer shi are more diverse, and the corresponding concept possesses ambivalent connotations. Besides, cognitive features related to the studied concepts are more pronounced in the Chinese linguoculture.

Teaching Phraseological Units and Interpretation of English Phraseological Units Using Uzbek Equivalents

This article is a study of the principles of English phraseological units in English-Uzbek phraseological dictionaries. Also, special attention was paid to the nature and types of phraseology, the history of the study of phraseological units, similarities and differences between English and Uzbek phraseology, methods of translating English phraseological units into Uzbek and the semantic-structural features of their lexical means and the factors that make up the essence were analyzed. In particular, the article aims to identify the laws and principles of the use of linguistic units as a means of speech activity, which are important areas of modern linguistics, as well as to determine the features of linguistic phenomena related to real events. The relevance of this study is, on the one hand, special attention is paid to the analysis of the semantic-structurally stable, ie phraseological units of the word, which is the language system and its basic unit.

Етнокультурна специфіка фразеологічних виразів з зоокомпонентом в українській та німецькій мовах

Abstract. The article presents a comparative analysis of phraseology with zoonymic components in the German and Ukrainian worldviews, which are closely related to national culture. In most phraseologies with the component-zoonym there is a type of metaphorical transfer, which uses the names of animals to describe the characteristics of man, the designation of certain qualities, appearance, character, mental abilities. In addition, zoonyms are often symbols of moral and intellectual qualities of man. The purpose of research is to study phraseological systems with zoomorphic components in a pair of German - Ukrainian, which allows to identify important values of each nation. Results of research. During the study of zoonyms in phraseology, it was noted that the metaphorical nature of zoomorphic phraseology, their inherent subjective-evaluative connotation, the specificity of their semantic parameters and syntactic structure is largely due to their scope, based on their expressed anthropocentrism as a manifestation of traditions of attributing to animals certain traits of human character. In the ethnoculture of different peoples, phraseology, including the names of animals - is primarily a statement about man, his spiritual and social traits. Thus, phraseology with the names of animals can reflect: physical qualities, capabilities; appearance; mental qualities (character traits); intelligence; habits, abilities, skills. Also, the paper explores the common and distinctive features of phraseology of the Ukrainian and German languages, namely the zoocomponents that form complete equivalents. Such phraseological units are equivalent, ie their lexical volume, semantic meaning and meaning are symmetrical. The second group includes partial equivalents. In German and Ukrainian, such phraseological units have the same meaning, but differ in the composition of lexical components, and, consequently, the internal form. The third group includes phraseologies that have no equivalents in another language and are characterized by the fact that these concepts do not have a common object. Such phraseological units often remain outside the scope of bilingual phraseological dictionaries, which is why it is only possible to explain the meaning. Originality is determined by the fact that our study makes a contribution to the development of phraseology in terms of studying phraseological units, namely the animalism of the German and Ukrainian languages. Conclusion. The presence of common and distinctive features in the structures of phraseology of the studied languages, the nature and content of associations are determined not by the properties of animals, but by their life in the national folklore-mythological and literary contexts of each nation, its worldview, human existence.

Падежни остатъци при българските фразеологизми

This article analyzes the case remnants in Bulgarian phrasemes. As a source we used Nov frazeologichen rechnik na balgarskiya ezik (1993) by Keti Ankova-Nicheva. Where possible, a comparison has been made with phrasemes in Russian, Serbian, Old Bulgarian and Church Slavonic, which are taken from phraseological dictionaries of the respective languages. The origin of some case forms has been studied. The methods of definitional, component and comparative analysis with Slavic synthetic languages are used. The analysis of the material shows that under the influence of the Church Slavonic language, most of the phraseologies that have retained case forms belong to the sphere of religion.

PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS WITH A HEAD WORD ‘KRAST’ IN BULGARIAN AND RUSSIAN

The concept of ‘cross’ is polysemantic. It is one of the three fundamental world emblems, a sacred Christian symbol in the religious, cultural-historical and linguistic continuum of the Slavic peoples. Therefore, it motivates the emergence of many various stable word combinations. The article discusses mostly real (full) phrasemеs and partly nonreal (non-full) phraseological units with component ‘cross’ (which forms 17 microsemantic cores with the first lexeme ‘a symbol of Christianity; a written mark, formed by two lines going across each other’ and 7 microsemantic cores with the Bulgarian homonym ‘krаst’ meaning lower back ‘the lower part of the back’), excerpted from Bulgarian and Russian phraseological dictionaries and media texts. A comparison is made between the phrases in both languages, highlighting the common Slavic uses and differences, the specific expressions (direct, metaphorical and metonymic use of ‘cross’), which are the linguistic picture of each ethnic phenotype. Phraseologisms are analyzed and categorized on several grounds: degree of desemantization of the constituent components – phraseological combinations, phraseological units, phraseological adhesions (fusions); grammatical structure (mono-element: only S; bi-element: only V + S, A + S, A + Adv; three-element: V+ A+ S, V + S + Pron, S + pr + S, S+ Adv + S , S + pr + Pron; poly-element: V+ S+ pr+ Pron, V+ Pron+ pr+ S, pr+ Pron+ V+ S, etc.).

ON THE TYPOLOGY OF EDUCATIONAL PHRASEOLOGICAL DICTIONARIES

The article deals with the types of phraseological dictionaries, the main trends in the formation of educational phraseological dictionaries and the classification of educational phraseological dictionaries.