Comparative Analysis of Equivalence of Somatic Phraseological Units in German and Uzbek Languages

Abstract

This article is devoted to a comparative analysis of somatic phraseological units in German and Uzbek. Somatic phraseological units are part of a common group of phrases in German and Uzbek. Many languages have equivalents of somatic phraseological units, however, each part of the body is associated with certain characteristics: head with mind, heart with feelings, mouth and tongue with speech, hands with practical activity. The work contains about 1500 somatic phrases based on explanatory phraseological dictionaries and multilingual phraseographic sources of German and Uzbek languages, which are studied in terms of lexic, syntax and semantics. The work explores somatic expressions in both languages from a lexical, syntactic and semantic point of view. In the somatic phraseological units, the human body participates as a nuclear word, and they have cultural signs of a certain mentality. From the point of view of structural-semantic and structural-syntactic interactions, somatisms in German and Uzbek were studied in such categories as absolute equivalence, partial equivalence, zero equivalence. In this work, phraseological units corresponding to all lexical, morphological and syntactic criteria of equivalence are interpreted as absolute, having almost the same meaning in both languages, as well as small morphological-syntactic and lexical-semantic differences - as partially equivalent, without alternative equivalents or lexical options in comparable languages according to internal and external linguistic factors, as zero equivalents. The results of the study are presented in tables as statistical data.