Current research shows dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) photovoltaic conversion efficiency (PCE) can be increased when dye absorption on double layers of titanium dioxide (TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) are modified using magnetic beads (MBs) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The effects of incorporating both MBs and rGO into a TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> DSSC photoanode are investigated here in detail using a solar simulator, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, UV-visible spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. This study compared to an unmodified TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> PCE 4.06% and a modified photoanode PCE (η) 5.45%. Nyquist plots showed that incorporation of MBs and rGO decreased electron transfer impedance and increased the charge transfer rate. Increased dye-loading could be detected through UV-visible absorption enhancement of 26% for the addition of rGO. Incorporation of MBs and rGO can produce higher photovoltaic conversion efficiency.
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