Phenomenon Of Migration Research Articles

Metaphors on Migrants and Migration: Is Our Understanding of Society Language-Dependent?

This paper aims to analyze how our languages understand and express present realities, such as the phenomenon of migration in today’s society. The rationale of the present research is the belief that there are certain topics of today’s society, migration being one of the most present, which could be better understood, and, consequently, dealt with, if we were aware of the linguistic and cognitive strategies employed by our conceptual system, both individually and on a larger, social, scale, when discussing the main aspects regarding these often strongly polarized topics. One of these strategies is clearly metaphor. My research is based on the Cognitivist assumption that metaphor should not be regarded as a mere rhetorical device, displaying only an aesthetic function, but rather as an instrument of thought, which allows our conceptual system to develop abstract concepts on the basis of the information collected from our interaction with the surrounding world. A metaphor should be understood, consequently, as a conceptual mapping between a source-domain, the one from which we borrow the conceptual image, and a target-domain, the one upon which we project it. The present research aims to apply the aforementioned theory of metaphor on a multilingual corpus of newspaper articles (English, Italian, Spanish and Romanian), all dealing with issues regarding migration throughout 2022, different views on migrants and whether these views are in any way culture- and language-dependent. The metaphorical occurrences are manually selected from the corpus, then categorized according to their target-domain and the conceptual metaphor they activate. All conceptual metaphors are outlined as equative metaphors, i.e. of the form X=Y (e.g. MIGRATION IS A HAZARD, MIGRANTS ARE A TREASURE, etc.), followed by the corpus examples and their English translation. The most relevant occurrences are then commented and interpreted in terms of inferences they might conceal or reveal, which will allow for a better understanding of the overall effects of metaphors in communication.

Migración y violencia de género: Reconfiguraciones familiares y comunitarias en la Sierra Purépecha

This article examines the impact of migration on gender violence against women in the municipalities of Nahuatzen and Cherán, in the Sierra Purépecha, Michoacán, Mexico. This indigenous region is one of the main senders of labor to other areas of the country and the United States, a migration phenomenon that leads to a restructuring of the family core and the community. Using a qualitative method, semi-structured interviews were conducted with four women between 18 and 35 years old. It was found that, women experience situations of vulnerability: gender roles, power relations and scenarios of physical, psychological, economic and sexual violence are exacerbated by their husbands, family members or active subjects in the migration process.

Securitization of Migration and Crisis Management in Poland

ObjectivesThe purpose of article is to present the issue of migration crisis management in the context of securitization theory. It is of key importance to show the way in which the phenomenon of migration and crises are presented to the Polish public by political actors, as well as the actions taken to solve them. The analysis covers two important migration crises in the recent years, namely the EU refugee crisis that was particularly intensified in 2015 and the crisis on the Belarusian border in 2021-2022.MethodsThe approach used in the research process is descriptive and exploratory in its nature. The main methods used in this study include desk research and a systematic review of literature and of websites concerning securitization theory and migration crises selected as case studies.ResultsWhat is also associated with the policies and practices in place at the time of migration crises, is a negative migration discourse, compounded by a narrative that describes migration and migrants as a threat, and images designed to create fear. Socially constructed “threats of migration” as a security issue in Poland concern migrants from the Middle East and Africa.ConclusionsIn a situation referred to as a crisis, during which migrants are defined as a threat requiring the use of emergency measures, policymakers have an option of managing migration to limit its scale. This model involves, among other things, closing borders, increasing the number of services, denying asylum requests or, finally, erecting a fence and a monitoring system in the cross-border area.

Ethnographic Analysis of “Safe Zone” Concept in Migration in Global Perspective

Phenomena of migration can be realized as role of the culture of migration in the sense of globalization of migration in the first century. In these consequences, the focus of the present study is based on the study of the nexus of the culture of migration and globalization as the sense of safe zone concept in migration in the case of migration from South Asia to Gulf countries and beyond. The methodology of the study is based on ethnographic study through conducting multiple round field surveys in India and abroad from February 2015 to December 2019. Findings show that consequences of depth penetration of the culture of migration emerged as a “safe zone” where migrants find them self in a secure position to access guarantee of better jobs and life in the context of the role of migration. These consequences created socioeconomic and cultural transformation from root to destination as the formation of the cultural diaspora of migration in the context of the safe zone concept in migration. Therefore, the findings of the study develop an understanding concerning around the study of the new concept of migration as a safe zone in migration.

MIGRATION AND CLIMATE CHANGE

Migrations and displacements are traditionally considered only as a negative consequence of the lack of adaptation of communities to disasters and climate change processes. However, it is also necessary to emphasize that migration often represents a fundamental strategy for the adaptation or survival of families to processes of environmental degradation. In this framework, it is important to consider migratory phenomena from the perspective of adaptation processes to climate change

Migration Processes in the Republic of Kazakhstan: Regularities, Problems, and Prospects

The study’s relevance lies in the ongoing phenomenon of mass migration, which significantly impacts society, economy, and politics worldwide. The purpose is to consider the features of the current situation in the migration field in Kazakhstan and assess the possibilities for public policy development. In this study, the problem-thematic method and the method of policy analysis were used. The study emphasizes the role of migration trends in Kazakhstan and the impact on its socioeconomic, demographic, cultural, and political development. Special attention is paid to integrating global trends and socioeconomic prerequisites for the reception of migrants.

The Impact of ‘Migration Potential’ on the Economic and Demographic Development of Donor and Recipient Countries

The phenomenon of global migration exerts a substantial impact on nations, organizations, and individuals, yet the focus of scholarly discourse on the potential of migrants has historically not paralleled the magnitude of this phenomenon. This study brings into focus the often-neglected dual nature of immigrant potential, impacting both countries that receive migrants (recipient countries) and those from which migrants originate (donor countries). Prior research within the Russian context predominantly examined the potential of compatriots in post-independence neighboring countries or the potential related to internal migration and the redistribution of human and labor resources regionally. Prevailing perspectives have largely been confined to examining the migration potential of specific socio-demographic groups within defined territories, often characterized by distinct ethnic features. This research illuminates the dual aspect of external migrant potential. It elucidates how migrants contribute significantly to the development of host countries, while donor countries also reap considerable benefits from the migratory capabilities and engagements of their citizens in foreign employment.The objective of this article is to augment theoretical paradigms in the study of "migration potential," conceptualizing it as an integrative system that combines quantitative and qualitative attributes of a highly mobile and motivated populace. The paper seeks to delineate the conceptual framework of migration potential, establish its structural composition, and elucidate the mechanisms and factors through which migrant potential influences the economic and demographic progress of both recipient and donor nations.Findings: The study delineates the constituent components of the functional sub-potentials (subcomponents) within the broader construct of "migration potential," synthesizing these through a meticulous examination of extant Russian and international academic literature. Migration potential is approached as a variable that is both fluid and subject to modification. The research critically analyzes the multifaceted impacts – both advantageous and adverse – of migration on diverse sectors of life in donor and recipient countries. A case in point is the correlation between the educational potential and the intellectual prowess of highly skilled migrants, which significantly contributes to innovation within the host regions. Conversely, a deficiency in the integration potential of external migrants may precipitate xenophobic tendencies among native populations. From the perspective of donor countries, the influx of remittances stands out as a pivotal and transformative element within the broader context of global migration.

The Abu Dhabi Document: A Potential Cornerstone for Islamic-Christian Dialogue in Italian Educational Contexts

In Italy, the migratory phenomenon has also had an impact on the school system, becoming an interesting potential field for intercultural and inter-religious encounters. As regards, for instance, the presence of pupils and students and their families of Islamic faith, very frequently, emphasis is placed almost exclusively on specific issues and requests, such as exemption from the teaching of the Catholic religion or specific diet. On the other hand, we rarely discuss how the presence of diverse faiths can create a unique opportunity for mutual knowledge to spread and promote the “culture of encounter”. In fact, engagement with religious others is an unavoidable duty, both pedagogical and civic. Therefore, starting from an analysis of pedagogical-educational aspects of the Document on Human Fraternity for World Peace and Living Together, the aim of this article is to outline a rethinking of the concept of intercultural/inter-religious dialogue, above all as a pedagogical challenge and a preventive measure against extremism, within the broad framework of inclusive citizenship.

Why identification matters: an explorative study on six cases of family reunification

The escalating phenomenon of migration, accompanied by a disturbing surge in associated tragedies, has persistently violated internationally protected human rights. Absence of physical evidence, namely the presence of adequately identified corpses, may impede the full enjoyment of human rights and—in some cases—the course of justice as it obstructs the initiation of legal proceedings against individuals implicated in causing such catastrophes. It also presents administrative obstacles, as death certificates are indispensable in legitimizing statuses like orphanhood and widowhood. Family reunification, particularly for orphans, plays a significant role for those attempting to reconnect with their relatives all over the world. Likewise, for mothers, the acknowledgment of their marital status or widowhood can be a pathway to regain their marginalized right to social life. To elucidate this issue, we analyzed six representative cases from the tragic October 3, 2013, shipwreck near the Italian island of Lampedusa, where 366 individuals were retrieved dead from the sea. These cases underscore the practical challenges involved, highlighting the compelling need for continued efforts to ensure that this burdensome problem transcends from being a mere ethical, moral, and legal discourse. Although considerable progresses, these cases also reveal that substantial work still lies ahead. There is a pressing need for improved mechanisms to certify kinship ties, which are often the limiting factor in many reunifications, and can hinder the granting of custody to children. The severity and far-reaching implications of this problem necessitate thoughtful attention and action, especially considering the ongoing escalation in migration and related fatalities.

Pore Structure and Migration Ability of Deep Shale Reservoirs in the Southern Sichuan Basin

The migration phenomenon of deep shale gas is a subject that has yet to be fully comprehended, specifically regarding the migration ability of deep shale gas. This study focuses on the Longmaxi Formation in the southern Sichuan Basin, utilizing it as an example. Various experimental techniques, such as temperature-driven nitrogen and carbon dioxide adsorption, high-pressure mercury intrusion, XRD, and TOC analysis, are employed. The goal is to analyze the pore structure and fractal characteristics of the Longmaxi Formation shale. Additionally, the study aims to calculate its Knudsen number based on parameters like temperature gradient and pressure coefficient. The migration ability of the Longmaxi Formation shale in southern Sichuan Basin is also discussed. The results show the following: (1) The pore volume distribution of the Longmaxi Formation shale in the study area ranges from 0.0131 to 0.0364 cm3/g. Mesopores contribute approximately 56% of the pore volume, followed by micropores with a contribution rate of about 26%, and macropores contributing approximately 18%. Additionally, the Longmaxi Formation shale exhibits strong heterogeneity, with the fractal dimension (D1) of mesopores ranging from 2.452 to 2.8548, with an average of 2.6833, and the fractal dimension (D2) of macropores ranging from 2.9626 to 2.9786, averaging 2.9707. (2) The fractal dimensions of shale were significantly influenced by organic matter, inorganic minerals, and pore structure parameters. D1 and D2 were positively correlated with TOC, clay mineral content, and specific surface area, while exhibiting negative correlation with quartz. However, the correlations with calcite content, pore volume, and average pore size were not significant. (3) The proportion of pores satisfying Darcy flow in the Longmaxi Formation shale was approximately 3.7%–11.8%, with an average of 6.6%. Consequently, the migration capability of shale gas can be calculated using Darcy’s law. Furthermore, the migration capability of shale gas is controlled by D2, specifically the surface area, and the connectivity of macropores.

Faktor Pendorong dan Penarik dalam Migrasi Pekerja Rumah Tangga Migran Perempuan

The phenomenon of international migration is growing every year and this phenomenon has a big impact. Migration is an act to move from origin region to destination region. Those who migrated are called 'migrants'. One type of migrant is a migrant worker. Migrant workers are people who migrate to be employed or work alone to improve their economy. Indonesia is known as one of the largest sending countries of migrant workers. The province that sends the most migrant workers in Indonesia is East Java where Malang Regency is one of the regencies that send the most Indonesian migrant workers (IMW) or Pekerja Migran Indonesia (PMI). Hong Kong is the most favored destination for IMW from Malang Regency. Every year, the number of IMW that is sent is always increasing but at the end of 2019, the number started to decline. This is caused by the COVID-19 pandemic which had impacts on many things. Most of these IMWs are female and work in the domestic sector. This research used a qualitative research method with an interview approach to 12 Indonesian IMWs who left for Hong Kong and came from Malang Regency. It was found that their main motive for migrating was to improve their economy since it's hard to find jobs in Malang and the wage is small which is known as push factors. In Hong Kong, the demand for female migrant workers is high, the wages are great, and Hong Kong has good policies for IMW which is known as the pull factors to migrate.

Migration and Sustainable Development Goals in the Spanish press (2014-2021): topics, sources, and frames

One of the biggest global challenges is the international movement of people. For this reason, the 2030 Agenda recognises the importance of migration for development within its Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and their respective targets. The objective of our analysis is to investigate the new situation introduced by the 2030 Agenda in relation to migration processes in the media, in this case based on eight leading Spanish newspapers between 2014 and 2021. This study uses the quantitative content analysis methodology and the framing approach. As frames, it uses the five themes proposed by the 2030 Agenda: People, Prosperity, Planet, Peace, and Partnerships. It is interesting to note that seven years after the 2030 Agenda was launched, the SDGs are not often cited by the Spanish press to analyse and discuss the migration phenomenon from a sustainability perspective. Moreover, it is observed that discourses on migration in terms of sustainability present a clear political approach that emphasises the framework of international partnerships and agreements in economic terms, a fact that can contribute to a change in audiences’ perception of the migration phenomenon. On the other hand, it should be noted that the frames chosen by newspapers to talk about the migration phenomenon coincide with each other, although slight differences can be observed in the themes and use of sources.

Advancing migration and health research by examining return migration

This essay offers an analysis of research on return migration and health by adopting the social determinants of health (SDH) framework proposed by the WHO. Specifically, we argue that the...

Geographies of Coexistence: negotiating urban space with the Grey-Headed Flying-Fox

ABSTRACT The global phenomena of wildlife migration to urban areas unsettle notions of the city being exclusively for humans. Using a dialogue between urban political ecology and multispecies ethnographies we explore entanglement as a way forward for humans and non-humans to work together. Over the last two decades the Grey-Headed Flying-Fox has become increasingly prevalent in the urbanised spaces of south-east Australia, establishing roosts in trees in urban parks, recreational areas and residential yards. Human–flying-fox relations are complex, and tensions between demands for lethal control and recognition of their ecological role and threatened species status forces humans to negotiate urban space for coexistence. Public policy and planning documents are analysed to identify emerging narratives as coexistence is negotiated around human amenity, the withdrawal of what we call the social licence to harm, legislative conservation and flying-fox agency.

Scientometric research of the migration waves of Ukrainian scientists at the beginning of the XXI century

The article contains the results of a scientometric assessment of the current state of scientific migration processes in Ukraine. Their features and main trends were identified, methodical approaches to their fixation and consolidation of the obtained data in national bibliometric systems were formed using methods of source studies and analysis of scientific publications on the researched topic, as well as methods of statistical, comparative and structural analysis. The sources of data for the research were the international multi-subject databases of scientific publications, Web of Science, Scopus, as well as the multidisciplinary registrar of unique scientific identifiers ORCID, the Scopus SCImago Journal & Country Rank indicator (for evaluating the scientific weight of publications) and the information-analytical system "Bibliometrics of Ukrainian science". The authors found that the phenomenon of scientific migration is constantly present in all periods of Ukraine's existence, and one of its consequences is the decline of the country's intellectual potential, marked by the deterioration of scientometric indicators of the activity of domestic science. At the same time, the positive consequences of intellectual migration have also been recorded, in particular, the conduct of scientific research in the conditions of emigration, which could not be carried out in the scientist's homeland, the increase in the knowledge of Ukrainian scientists and their demand, stimulation of the development of science in general. When analyzing the functionality of bibliometric and scientometric databases for monitoring changes in the affiliations of domestic scientists, the advantages of the ORCID registry as a source database for conducting scientometric studies of migration processes were revealed. The concept of a general approach to recording and evaluating the phenomenon of scientific migration of domestic scientists by national bibliometric systems is proposed, which should involve a combination of the citation-numerological scientometric approach with expert conclusions.

The cross-border effects of the Ukrainian refugees’ crisis. Evidence from the Romanian side

The issue of refugees pertains to the permanent elements of historical reflection on the mass movement of people or the phenomenon of migration. The military aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine not only ignited a hot spot on the conflict map of Europe, but also triggered a cascade of events difficult to anticipate. A direct result of the conflict has been the mass exodus of Ukrainians and a promise of temporary protection by the European Union to those fleeing the conflict. According to the United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), on August 17, 2023, over 4.2 million Ukrainians crossed into Romania at the crossing points between Ukraine and the Republic of Moldova. The Ukrainian crisis offers the opportunity to take a closer look at the governments themselves. The Ukrainian citizens who remained in Romania received help both from the Romanian Government, and from the civil society (i.e., various NGOs, civilians, volunteers); from the first days of the invasion of Ukraine, Romanian society reacted swiftly. The study aims to emphasize the great importance of raising awareness and building solidarity and support in the receiving country in order to counterbalance, alleviate and eliminate the effects of the Ukrainian refugees’ crisis with respect to three main aspects: (1) the reloaded in situ effects, that is, the leading role of existing Romanian and, respectively, Ukrainian ethnic communities on both sides of the border in the prompt organization of humanitarian support for Ukrainian refugees; (2) the repetitive effects on the dynamics, such as the refugee flows and their territorial and time dynamic; (3) the long-term effects, i.e., the need to integrate the refugees in different fields of daily life.

TRENDS AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE YOUNG HUMAN FACTOR IN THE CONTEXT OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION OF THE WORKFORCE

International migration of the workforce has become a global challenge and is constantly in the spotlight of the world community. Since ancient times, humanity has been on the move. Some people move in search of jobs or economic opportunities, others to join family or to study. Others migrate in response to the negative effects of climate change, natural disasters or environmental factors. Among migration phenomena, an essential role is held by the migration of the young human factor. Today, it is estimated that the number of young people, i.e. people aged between 15 and 24, is around 1.3 billion and account for 15.5 per cent of the global population. (UN, 2020). Migration in general, and that of young people in particular, is one of the current challenges for the developing countries, including the Republic of Moldova. The increasing migration of young people concerns the authorities and civil society, given its effects on the country's human potential and socio-economic development. In this article we aim to study the current trends of the migration process, in particular to address the motivation of young people in Moldova to migrate in order to study abroad.

Phase-field simulation of sintering process of ceramic composite fuel

Due to the limitation of existing experimental techniques, it is difficult to observe the evolution of microstructure in the sintering process in real time, resulting in a lack of in-depth understanding of the sintering mechanism of two-phase composite fuels. Therefore, it is greatly important to carry out theoretical simulation studies in the sintering process of composite fuels. In this work, a phase-field model of the two-phase sintering process of ceramic composite fuel is established, and the sintering process of UN-U<sub>3</sub>Si<sub>2</sub> composite fuel is simulated by using this method. The simulation results show that during the formation of sintering neck, the surface deformation of the grains with higher surface energy is significant. The size of the final equilibrium dihedral angle formed by the two-phase double grains depends on the ratio of the grain boundary energy to the surface energy of the two phases. The phenomenon of large grains swallowing small grains does not occur between the two unequal double grains. Subsequently, the pore shrinkage and the properties of the trident grain boundary among the two-phase three grains are investigated in the sintering process. It is found that the angle of the trident grain boundary formed by the two-phase three grains deviates from 120°. The high-energy barrier at the grain boundary hinders the diffusion of the pore vacancies along the grain boundary, resulting in a slow shrinkage rate of the pore vacancies at the trident grain boundary. In addition, the simulation results of the microstructure evolution of two-phase polycrystalline sintered tissue with different volume fraction ratios show that the grain boundary diffusion plays a major role in the two-phase sintering process. The grain growth of the phase with a higher volume fraction is dominant, and there exists a hindrance to the migration of grain boundaries between two-phase grains. The phenomenon of grain migration exists between grains of the same phase.

Tragicomedia Occidentului: emigrația economică în romanele și filmele românești din anii ’90

Our article examines the narrative registers and forms adopted in the 1990s by the Romanian novelists, screenwriters and film directors in order to portray the phenomenon of economic migration to the West. Our focus is on the intriguing and paradoxical employment of tragicomic, melodramatic, burlesque-grotesque and sensational narrative techniques as the Romanian collective imaginary during the 1990s witnessed the peak idealization of emigration in Western Europe and in The United States of America. This process of idealization is also fueled by the fact that, despite the political ban has been lifted after 1989, legislative and economic constraints continued to limit the actual experience of the so-called “free world.” The corpus of our article comprises two cult films of the period, Asfalt tango (1996, Nae Caranfil) and Cristian Mungiuʼs Occident (2002), as well as two novels authored Grid Modorcea and S. Dinger, all of which share the struggle to depict the tensions between the uncritical embrace of Western story-world and the bleak, if not dramatic, reality of migration.

The impact of international labor migration on the socio-economic development of Ukraine

The article examines the impact of international labor migration on the socio-economic development of Ukraine. The theoretical aspect of the concept of «international labor migration» is clarified and the main components of the phenomenon of international labor migration are substantiated. The factors causing the emergence and continuation of international labor migration were analyzed and systematized. The number of Ukrainian workers abroad was analyzed and their dynamics m.shkurat@donnu.edu.ua during a certain period were studied. The factors that activate migration processes in Ukraine have been identified. Statistical data on the dynamics of migrant workers' remittances and their impact on the country's economy are provided. The main aspects that are affected by remittances of labor migrants have been identified and analyzed. A study of the impact of international labor migration on the economic progress of the country was conducted, as well as the positive and negative consequences of the outflow of skilled labor from Ukraine were assessed. Labor migration in Ukraine was marked by a decrease in social tension in society. It was found that monetary transfers helped to increase the country's exchange rate and increase the solvency of specific groups of citizens, which encouraged the development of the internal market of goods and services. Migrant workers also contributed to cultural exchange between countries, spreading knowledge about Ukraine and filling it with new cultural elements. However, labor migration also has negative consequences for Ukraine, as the country becomes dependent on remittances from labor migrants. The decrease in the number of young people in the country also negatively affected the filling of the pension fund due to their departure abroad. In addition, the loss of highly qualified personnel, known as the «brain drain», when scientists and specialists go abroad, leads to a shortage of skilled labor in Ukraine. It was concluded that despite certain negative consequences of international labor migration for Ukraine, it plays a significant role in the socio-economic development of the state in modern conditions, providing additional financial resources and promoting the employment of the population. However, it is necessary to find ways to stimulate the domestic economy and create decent jobs in Ukraine to reduce dependence on remittances.