A broad spectrum of the fundamental principles of ceramic monoliths as supports in different applications based on catalytic reactions is presented in this review. Importance of selecting right ceramic structure, carrier materials etc has been discussed in detail focusing on several major studies performed since ‘50s till date. The large array of preparation technology using various incorporation techniques of active phase on the support meeting suitable characteristics of a good monolithic catalyst has also been illustrated at length. The choice of a suitable ceramic catalyst for a particular application strongly depends on emphasizing the physical properties of the catalyst, i.e. active surface area, adhesion properties, pore volume and particle size. The significance of these properties have also been reviewed in this article. Ceramic monoliths are especially well-known due to their cost-effectiveness, low pressure drop and requisite high mechanical strength for the long run harsh conditions encountered in environmental applications. Several emerging applications especially in gas phase catalytic reactions are discussed briefly, emphasizing on the implication of ceramic catalysts in hydrogen production and fuel cell technology, the main debate in alternative energy nowadays.