Pharmaceutical Business Research Articles

Dataset for Pharmaceutical Salt Business to Improve the Welfare of Salt's Farmers

This dataset presents data on the percentage of problem priorities, solution priorities and appropriate strategy priorities for developing a pharmaceutical salt business using the Analytic Network Process (ANP). This data consists of data on problems, solutions and strategies. Problem data includes production problems, supporting problems, market problems and stakeholder problems. Solution data includes fundamental solutions, technical solutions, macro strategic solutions and roadmap solutions. Meanwhile, strategy data includes a strategy for preparing a grand design for a community salt agribusiness pattern, a strategy for BUMN and salt processing companies to collaborate with salt farmer cooperatives, a strategy to increase human resource development, and a strategy for fulfilling permits to support the production of packaged salt. Numerical data was obtained from Forum Group Discussion with five experts, five practitioners and five regulators using a priority scale. Cluster priority analysis using Super Decision software version 2.10.

Customer Segmentation Based on RFM Analysis as the Basis of Marketing Strategy Case Study of PT Pertiwi Agung Pharmaceutical Industry (LANDSON)

The Pharmaceutical Company is a company that has quite large raw material import activities and has many benefits for society and institutions such as hospitals. Pharmaceutical companies play an important role in improving the quality of life of the human population in modern times because, in the field of marketing, pharmaceutical companies face increasing sales performance and profits, as well as maintaining customer loyalty. Pharmacy retail customers usually make drug purchases influenced by the selling price and suitability factors (suggestions) for certain drug brands. Based on these conditions, drug purchasing patterns for the Indonesian people become unpredictable, and it is difficult to increase sales and profits. One effort that pharmaceutical business players can make is to carry out sales promotions based on customer segmentation. Customer segmentation in pharmaceutical companies can be done using clustered data mining analysis methods, such as modified Recency Frequency Monetary (RFM). This method allows companies to group customers based on purchasing patterns of pharmaceutical products, thereby allowing companies to prioritize energy and resources to different segments. After the scoring and data processing process, the number of customers for each RFM Score is obtained, then the Monetary group is segmented which is divided into 4 (four) parts, namely Best Customers by quantity (36), Loyal Customers by quantity (188), Potential Customers by quantity (34) and Lost Customers by quantity (61). Then we continue to map it into only 3 (three) parts, namely Best Customers, Loyal Customers, and Potential Customers using blue as a sign to see the score range. From the results of dividing the 3 (three) group segmentations, the Loyal Customer Score segmentation is greater in quantity (188) so the blue color is darker than the others, which shows that the more customers spend their money. Of the 3 (three) customer segmentation sections, we put all of them into the Best Customer category, because they have introduced new products or products they have not purchased. By using RFM analysis, you can quickly find out customer targets that will be prioritized in carrying out marketing, campaigns, promotions, and rewards using digital channels and direct customer relations. Keywords: Farmasi Company, Group Segmentation, Recency Frequency Monetary (RFM).

Review on method development and validation for different pharmaceutical dosage form

Pharmaceutical analysis is crucial for bulk and formulation quality control. Due to global medication manufacturing and pharmaceutical sector expansion, innovative analytical methods are in demand. Developing analytical procedures is now the most significant part of analysis. Improvements in analytical instruments have led to new analytical methods. The improvement of analytical methodologies and technologies has reduced analysis time, increased precision and accuracy, and decreased analysis costs. As a consequence, the majority of pharmaceutical businesses are investing heavily in specialist analysis labs. Analytical techniques for active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), excipients, drug products, degradation products and related substances, residual solvents, and other chemicals are created and verified. As a consequence, it has become an essential component of the regulating organization's standards. Development of analytical methodologies leads to official test methods. Quality control labs utilize these methods to verify drug identity, purity, safety, effectiveness, and performance. Production analytical methods are becoming relevant to regulators. Regulatory agencies expect applicants to demonstrate control of the drug development process using established analytical methodologies.

Effect of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa) on Prostate Health: Narrative Review

A growing amount of research is shedding light on functional foods and nutritional supplements’ potential health and disease-preventative advantages. Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.), an esteemed nutraceutical herb, is well-known for its multiple health advantages among health-conscious individuals, researchers, and pharmaceutical businesses. Black cumin and its principal bioactive ingredient, thymoquinone (TQ), have been found to lower oxidative stress and inflammation, while also enhancing immunological function, cellular viability, and energy metabolism. They protect against metabolic, cardiovascular, digestive, hepatic, renal, pulmonary, reproductive, and neurological diseases, as well as cancer. Black cumin works as a countermeasure to minimize the toxicity and side effects of pharmaceuticals. Furthermore, the possible effects of black cumin on prostate health and disorders like benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer are not well understood. This narrative review seeks to reveal knowledge gaps. This study intends to guide future research into the possible uses of black cumin and TQ in prostate health and illness.

The Influence of Capital Structure and Profitability on Firm Value in The Pharmaceutical Sub-Sector for The Period 2017-2021

Firm value is the consequence of a company's performance, as represented in its share price, which is determined by the relationship between supply and demand in the stock market. The aim is to test and assess the impact of capital structure (DER) and profitability (ROA) on Firm value (PBV) in pharmaceutical firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) between 2017 and 2021. Purposive sampling is used to establish sampling. Ten pharmaceutical businesses serve as the research population. During a 5-year observation period, 40 samples were chosen from 8 firms based on the specified criteria. The analytical approach used in this study is multiple linear regression. The data analysis test tool runs the IBM SPSS version 26.0 program on Windows. The findings of this study reveal that capital structure has a significant influence (sig. 0.000) on firm value as well as profitability (sig. 0.022).

Risk and Return Trade off: A Study of Indian Pharmaceutical Sector's Stocks

The Pharmaceutical sector experienced major shifts and obstacles as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. In the post-pandemic era, the industry's continued significance and prominence can be attributed to a multitude of factors. The market prices of Pharma equities have risen substantially as a result of the expansion of the Pharmaceutical industry, which has also garnered the interest of numerous investors. Policies and efforts taken by the government include increasing foreign direct investment, research and development, and a focus on healthcare infrastructure has led to the tremendous growth of Pharmaceutical businesses in India. In order to make well-informed investment decisions, investors, financial analysts, and decision-makers rely heavily on the risk and return characteristics of businesses. The utilisation of risk and return profiles enables stakeholders and investors to assess the long-term financial performance of a company. 17 Pharmaceutical companies out of 20 Pharmaceutical companies in India's Indexed Nifty Pharma Index are included in the sample. The daily returns of a subset of companies were evaluated for the years 2013 to 2023. The retrieved data was used to compute the daily average return, standard deviation, variance, and beta for each selected company, in addition to the Nifty Pharma Index. The correlation coefficient was also computed for each individual stock and the NSE Nifty Pharma Index. Utilising the Sharpe ratio, Treynor, Jensen Alpha, and M square formulas, the most volatile stocks were determined in the Pharmaceutical sector.

A Sectoral Analysis of BSE-Listed Indian Pharma Companies

Purpose: Investors, including domestic and international firms, venture capitalists, and financial institutions, rely on research to evaluate investment opportunities in the Indian pharmaceutical sector. Research helps assess factors such as market potential, company performance, R&D capabilities, regulatory environment, and risk-return profiles. Research plays a crucial role in guiding research and development (R&D) investments and priorities within the Indian pharmaceutical industry. By identifying unmet medical needs, emerging therapeutic areas, and technological advancements, research helps companies allocate resources effectively and focus on areas with the highest potential for impact and return on investment. The current research includes analysing financial statements, such as income statements and cash flow statements, to assess the profitability and earnings stability of pharmaceutical firms, and also investigate factors influencing EPS growth, such as revenue trends, cost structures, research and development (R&D) investments, regulatory environments, and market dynamics. Additionally, the study of DPS involves evaluating dividend payout ratios, dividend yield, dividend stability, and factors driving dividend decisions, including company profitability, cash flow generation, capital requirements, and shareholder preferences. Understanding the relationship between EPS and DPS in the Indian pharmaceutical sector provides valuable insights for investors, analysts, and policymakers in assessing the financial health, investment attractiveness, and shareholder value creation of pharmaceutical companies. Pharmaceutical companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange were selected for the study. Speculations were tested using ANOVA and T-TEST. The audit revealed that investors can invest in Dr. Reddys Laboratories, Abbott India, and Themis Medicare for their EPS to be maximum and Dr. Reddys Laboratories, Abbott India, and Novartis India for their DPS to be maximum. Methodology: Fifteen BSE-listed pharmaceutical companies are considered for the present research work and analysed by using EPS and DPS. Result: Selected Large, medium, and small Indian pharmaceutical companies listed on the BSE were the subjects of this study's analysis of their EPS and DPS. The websites of Money Control and the BSE provided the majority of the time series data used in the study on two different variables, EPS and DPS. Five years, from 2019 to 2020 to 2022–2023 are included in the analysis of the EPS and DPS. The BSE-listed Indian pharmaceutical businesses' EPS and DPS were examined in this study. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard error, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis) were computed for the determined EPS and DPS. An ANOVA test is run on the EPS and DPS data to find the differences between the chosen pharmaceutical businesses listed on the BSE. It is recommended that investors put their money into Abbott India, Themis Medicare, and Dr. Reddys Laboratories in order to maximise their EPS, and Novartis India, Abbott India, and Dr. Reddys Laboratories in order to maximise their DPS. Originality/Value: The BSE-listed Indian pharmaceutical businesses' EPS and DPS were examined in this study. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard error, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis) were computed for the determined EPS and DPS. Based on the study, the right companies for the investors are recommended. Paper Type: Exploratory research.

The Regulatory Affairs Automation tools used in the Pharmaceutical Industry: An overview

Automation is becoming increasingly prevalent in various industries, including healthcare and pharmaceuticals. The pharmaceutical business is influenced by a variety of worldwide trends, with one of the most significant being the use of automation technologies, which will have a transformative effect on the research and development of new pharmaceutical products as well as the speed and efficiency with which products reach patients in need. Regulatory automation is enabled by a variety of technology tools, such as Electronic Document Management Systems, Regulatory Information Management (RIM) Systems, Artificial Intelligence (AI) Analytics Tools, Natural Language Processing (NLP) Tools, and Submission Publishing Tools. Automation tools can be used to automate regulatory activities such as administrative work, dossier completion, data extraction, auditing, regulatory implementation as well as quality management. Automation tools establish process links and minimize complexity, resulting in a more efficient management system. Human-AI interaction creates new prospects in regulatory concerns. This article investigates the potential use of automation techniques in pharmaceutical regulatory concerns.

Corporate Attributes and Environmental Accounting Disclosure of Listed Pharmaceutical Companies in Nigeria

Resource consumption and the continuous emission of greenhouse gases in Nigeria have been experiencing an upward trend. Consequently, stakeholders are advocating for more transparency in corporate practices, especially those that negatively affect the environment. The research aimed to evaluate the impact of corporate attributes and environmental accounting disclosure within the context of publicly listed pharmaceutical companies in Nigeria. The research methodology used in this study was ex post facto. Using a census sampling methodology, the population consists of seven pharmaceutical enterprises officially listed on the Nigeria Exchange Group (NGX) as of December 31, 2022. The data used in this study was extracted from the verified annual financial reports of the businesses from 2010 to 2022. The collected data were analyzed with the panel data regression model employing ordinary least squares. The findings indicate that the characteristics of corporations have a notable and favourable influence on the extent to which organizations disclose information related to environmental accounting. According to the study, there is a weak and harmful correlation between leverage and environmental accounting disclosures. According to the study, Leverage and environmental accounting disclosures have an inactive and adverse relationship. Conversely, industry size and profitability show a strong, favourable relationship with these disclosures. The study's results indicate that the extent of information disclosure on environmental accounting by pharmaceutical businesses is significantly influenced by their company size and level of profitability. It is recommended that enterprises expand in terms of scale and profitability to ensure the submission of financial reports that adhere to worldwide standards of excellence.

Current Risk in the Supply Chain for the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Business

Current Risk in the Supply Chain for the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Business

Synthesize, structural inspection, stoichiometry in solution and DFT calculation of some novel mixed ligand complexes: DNA binding, biomedical applications and molecular docking approach

Mixed ligand chelates of Pd(II), Cu(II), VO(II), and Ag(I) with (BIP = 4,6-dimethyl-N-(octahydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-ylidene)pyrimidin-2-amine) as a main ligand and (Phen = 1, 10-phenanthroline) as a second ligand were synthesized. The recently prepared chelates were investigated through CHN analysis, (NMR, Ft-IR, Mass, and UV–Vis) spectra, magnetic moments, molar conductance, TGA, Job s methods and DFT study. The (CHN and Mass) analysis, result expose the formation of structures (1 M: 1BIP: 1Phen) chelates. The two studied ligands are established to perform in as a neutral bi-dentate approach, concluded four N2 atoms for two ligands. The study of the molar conductance indicated the non-electrolytic features for (Cu(II) and VO(II)) chelates and the electrolytic features for (Ag(I) and Pd(II)) chelates. Thermo-dynamic and Kinetics factors for various thermal degradation phases were calculated. B3LYP/LANL2DZ/6–311 g(d,p) theoretical study has been applied for estimating the MEP, FMO analysis and quantum chemical reactivity descriptors of studied molecules. Practical and computational detail reveals that BIPPCu and BIPPVO complexes possess octahedral geometry around the metal center, BIPPAg complex shows a tetrahedral configuration, and BIPPPd complex has distorted square planar geometry. In vitro anti-microbial and anti-cancer for the studied structures were applied against various strains of microbes and cancer cell lines. The results revealed that all tested chelates showed a higher activity than the free BIP. The tested complexes have been studied to antioxidant potential using DPPH study. The binding of tested chelates with DNA was studied through applying electronic absorption, gel electrophoresis as well as viscosity study, in addition to the intercalating, minor groove and electrostatic approach of DNA interacting were recommended. The studied compounds explained dynamic satisfying performing. Also, the crystal structures of DNA (PDB ID: 454D), human coronavirus Nl63 nucleocapsid protein (PDB ID: 5EPW), breast cancer protein (PDB ID: 3HB5), and Escherichia coli (PDB ID: 2VF5) was performed by molecular docking simulation. Data of docking simulation suggestions are which tested compounds have biological behavior as well as have obvious benefit in the pharmaceutical business.

Importance of Reflected Solar Energy Loaded with SWCNTs-MWCNTs/EG Darcy Porous Stretched Surface: Midrich Scheme

Saving energy, shortening processing times, maximizing thermal efficiency, and lengthening the life of industrial equipment are all possible outcomes of heating and cooling optimization. In recent years, there has been a rise in interest regarding the development of high-efficiency thermal systems for the purpose of enhancing heat and mass movement. This study presents an investigation on the non-linear flow of a hybrid nanofluid comprising of Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) and Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNTs) over an extended surface, considering the effects of Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and porosity, with engine oil serving as the base fluid. Also, radiation and Darcy-Forchheimer flow is considered. The problem of regulating flow is transformed into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by employing similarity variables. The Midrich Scheme is then used to implement a numerical solution to these equations in the program Maple. Through visual representations of fluid velocities and temperatures, the inquiry addresses several important factors, including magnetic parameters, porosity parameters, radiation parameters, Eckert numbers, inertia coefficients, and Biot numbers. The research has important implications in a number of real-world contexts. Due to its exceptional characteristics, such as reduced erosion, reduced compression drops difficulties, and greatly increased heat transfer rates, hybrid nanofluids are frequently used in heat exchangers. For instance, various cooling devices such as electromagnetic cooling systems, as well as heat exchangers including condensers, boilers, chillers, air conditioners, evaporators, coil preheaters, and radiators. Furthermore, it has the potential to be employed in pharmaceutical businesses and the field of biomedical nanoscience.

Analysis of Policy and Social Issues in China's Healthcare Sector

The significance of government policies on healthcare has been amplified due to the swift progress observed in China's healthcare industry. The primary objective of this study was to conduct an in-depth examination of the societal implications of China's healthcare policies, with particular emphasis on the social dimensions of the healthcare insurance system, the essential medications system, and the regulation of drug pricing. Through a comprehensive analysis of these challenges, the objective is to establish a foundational framework for future enhancements in policy. The focus of this study centres around the policies of China's pharmaceutical business. Various research methodologies are employed, such as literature review, policy analysis, example analysis, and quantitative data assessment. The examination of policies in a thorough manner indicates that the execution of the government's pharmaceutical policies, particularly in relation to the health insurance system, critical drug system, and drug price control, has the potential to give rise to a range of societal issues. The issues encompassed in this context comprise, though are not restricted to, the problematic aspects of health insurance reimbursement, shortages of pharmaceutical drugs, and the inequitable allocation of medical resources. In order to tackle these issues, policymakers have proposed a set of recommendations aimed at enhancing the efficiency of the health insurance system, bolstering the management of the drug supply chain, optimising the allocation of medical resources, fostering drug innovation and research and development, and reinforcing the governance and utilisation of health insurance funds.

GC-MS Investigation of Unidentified Pharmaceutical ability of Indigenous herbaceous vine, Tinospora cordifolia’s fruits

As the majority of pharmaceutical businesses rely on medical plants for the synthesis of pharmaceutical chemicals, medicinal plants are of significant interest to researchers in the field of biotechnology. The majority of herbal remedies and the products that are derived from them are frequently made from unrefined plant extracts, which include a complex mixture of various phytochemical components (plant secondary metabolites). The chemical characteristics of these components vary greatly between species. An intriguing device for determining the concentration of various active constituents in plants utilised in the cosmetic, medicine, the agriculture or medical sectors is the GC-MS method employed for the assessment of the extracted samples. The entire plant methanol extract of Tinospora was used in this work to identify bioactive elements employing gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The GC-MS results suggest several different chemicals, including (9E,11E)-Octadecadienoic acid , 9-Octadecenoic acid, (E)-, 9-Octadecenoic acid, Octadecanoic acid, .gamma.-Sitosterol, n-Hexadecanoic acid, 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester, Methyl cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-Docosahexaenoate and 2-Hydrazino-2-imidazoline in the Tinospora methanolic extract. As a result, the bioactive compounds in the methanol extracts of this herb may have chemopreventive, antitumor, anti-microbial, antioxidants, and hypoglycaemic potential. This study's findings suggest that the existence of these phytochemicals as well as bioactive substances in Tinospora cordifolia makes it a potential new reservoir of medications.

To Study the Regulatory Guidelines for API of Ibuprofen: A Review

The registration structure of pharmaceutical outcomes is governed by pharmaceutical medication regulatory affairs. It has a broad scope that encompasses all aspects of documentation and marketing in a legitimate format. In our country, the pharmaceutical business is one of the most coordinated industries. Regulatory affairs experts require a current market overview in order to connect pharmaceutical companies with international regulatory bodies. Regulatory issues RA is a career that overlaps a number of industries, including pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and biotechnology. Within the pharmaceutical sector, RA has a specific connotation. DRA is a dynamic field that encompasses both scientific and legal aspects of drug development. DRA professionals are dedicated individuals who take pride in their contribution to improving humanity’s health and quality of life. The scope of RA as a profession is much more than the registration of outcomes. They provide strategic and practical advice to businesses at a high level. Their small continues through preparation, marketing, and post-marketing. Professionals from RA help the organisation avoid problems caused by sloppy records, incorrect scientific reasoning, or poor data presentation. The claims that can be made for the product on labelling or in advertising are usually restricted in most outcomes areas where regulatory limitations are imposed.

Pharmaceuticalisation as the tobacco industry’s endgame

ContextDeclining smoking prevalence and denormalisation of tobacco in developed countries reduced transnational tobacco company (TTC) profit during 1990s and 2000s. As these companies faced increasingly restrictive policies and lawsuits, they...

A comprehensive review on pilot plant scale up and platform technology

The pharmaceutical business uses pilot plant scale-up strategies to create reliable manufacturing procedures and turn lab-scale formulas into commercial products. The place called Pilot is where the five elements Material, Man, Method, and Machine are combined to manufacture things. A tiny, basic lab scale formula will be tested on a replica of the intended plant in the pilot plant before spending a significant amount of money on a production unit. Scaling up a pilot plant provides information on formula examination, reviewing the range of pertinent processing equipment, understanding raw material specifications, production rate, and physical space requirements. It can hold accurate documentation and reports for analysis in support of the GMP procedure. This review research discusses the factors for solids, liquids, and semisolids for scaling up pilot plants. The primary goal of a pilot plant is to "identify errors on a small scale and generate revenue on a large scale."

Pakistan fears a shortage of life-saving drugs in the wake of the ‘worst economic crisis’

Objective: In this study, we examine the issue in the context of Pakistan’s current economic situation, which is leading to a scarcity of essential goods like the raw materials used to create pharmaceuticals that save lives. Finding the problem’s root causes, consequences, and potential countermeasures. Methods: It is crucial to shed light on the efforts and challenges surrounding this topic to build and implement solutions based on research and accurately reflect the health industry’s current situation in light of Pakistan’s economic crisis. This brief summary follows standard procedures used in research papers, and we conducted extensive literature searches using PubMed, Google Scholar, Journals Online, and the Internet Library. Results: ‘Drug scarcity in Pakistan’ yielded anticipated results. Pakistan’s population is growing rapidly, and so is its demand for and consumption of commodities. The economic collapse damaged foreign money and letters of credit, restricting the raw supplies of pharmaceutical materials from standing at port. These holdups are hindering the pharmaceutical industry from meeting patient demand for key drugs, which has a negative impact on the healthcare system as a whole. Conclusion: The pharmaceutical business was already struggling to keep up with demand before the current economic crisis. To avert life-threatening medicine shortages, policymakers must improve the supply chain, incentivize manufacturers to use effective quality control measures, and boost production. Medical personnel must be well-informed and trained to lessen health risks on the front lines.

Blockchain technology in pharmaceutical supply chain : Ensuring transparency, traceability, and security

Transparency, traceability, and security are three major challenges that blockchain technology has addressed in the pharmaceutical supply chain, making it a disruptive solution. The incorporation of blockchain technology to produce an immutable, decentralized ledger that documents the full path taken by pharmaceutical products from producer to end-user is examined in this abstract. The solution ensures tamper-resistant records by utilizing smart contracts and cryptography concepts, hence mitigating the risk of counterfeit medications. Transparency is improved via real-time supply chain visibility, which gives stakeholders the ability to monitor batch information and confirm product authenticity. Blockchain’s decentralized structure improves security by reducing the possibility of fraud and unauthorized access. By means of blockchain implementation, the pharmaceutical business may create a strong, dependable, and effective supply chain ecosystem, thereby promoting safer and more dependable medicine access for patients across the globe.

МАРКЕТИНГОВЕ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧНОГО РИНКУ УКРАЇНИ

The article presents a marketing research of the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine. It was determined that the marketing research of the prospects for the development of the pharmaceutical market in the new socio-economic conditions is extremely relevant, both directly for the manufacturers of the pharmaceutical industry, the population – consumers of drugs, and for the Ukrainian economy. Based on the results of the research, it was established that the consolidation and expansion of the pharmaceutical business are necessary conditions for survival and development in the conditions of martial law, fierce competition and the growth of costs aimed at scientific research, development and establishment of an effective sales system. The structure of the pharmaceutical market, which consists of the retail market of pharmaceuticals and the hospital segment, is analyzed. It was determined that the creation of products with high added value and significant employment of the population are important features of the pharmaceutical industry. The pharmaceutical industry provides high-skilled jobs in the context of direct employment, contributes to the creation of many ancillary jobs and the dissemination of knowledge. Employment growth in the pharmaceutical industry is to some extent due to higher wages compared to other industries. The structure of the consumption of pharmaceutical products, which consists of the consumption of prescription and non-prescription drugs, was studied. The volumes of production and sales of pharmaceutical products were analyzed. It was determined that one of the most important and socially acute problems of the development of the modern Ukrainian pharmaceutical industry is the problem of drug pricing. The main problems faced by the pharmaceutical market in today's conditions are revealed, namely: damage or even destruction by missile attacks of the production and storage capacity of pharmaceutical enterprises; low purchasing power of the population; large migration of the population who were potential consumers of pharmaceutical products; power outages; the importation of large volumes of humanitarian aid into the territory of Ukraine.