Petersburg Branch Research Articles

Academic diplomas of the XVIII century

The article is based on the report presented on March 12, 2024 at the International Conference of the St. Petersburg branch of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences “Miller Readings – 2024”. Based on the materials stored in the ARAN SPbF, the history of the diploma of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, an official document confirming membership in the Academy, has been restored. The appearance of the first academic diplomas (as well as its changes during 1735–1765), the time and frequency of their production and presentation, and the categories of diploma holders who were awarded them are established.

«I Know You as a Venerable Scholar and a Great Connoisseur of Oriental Nationalities, a Defender of Their Interests in the Academic Field...». Scholars and Educators G. Rakhim and G. Saadi (Unpublished Letters to Academician V.V. Bartold (1927–1929))

The period from the late 19th to the first third of the 20th century witnessed a revival and advance of national science, culture, and art. It was also marked by a growing sense of national identity and a historical and cultural pursuit by the Tatar intelligentsia. In the 1920s, the formation and development of national humanities research in Kazan were driven by the efforts of dedicated Tatar scholars and educators. Among the most prominent figures were Gali Rakhim (Mukhametgali Mukhametshakirovich Gabdrakhimov) (1892–1943)–a writer, poet, literary historian, and folklorist, Gabdrakhman Saadi (Saadi Gabdrakhman Gainanovich (1889–1956)–a literary critic and orientalist. They were the pioneers of the Tatar Renaissance and contributed substantially to the development of scholarly studies in history, literature, linguistics, and archeography of the Turkic peoples, with a particular focus on the Tatar people. Engaged in solving a variety of problems, they were the encyclopedists who determined modern academic and pedagogical trends in many university and educational centers of Kazan during the 1920s. This article considers their previously unknown epistolary heritage: one letter of G. Rakhim (1927) and two letters of G. Saadi (1928 and 1929) to V.V. Bartold, an outstanding orientalist and academician, from his personal collection stored in the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg Branch. These letters provide clear and strong evidence of the enduring professional and personal contacts between the Tatar scholars and leading Russian orientalists in the late 1920s.

Xenobiotics and pollution of Lake Ladoga

Advances in applied chemistry have led to the emergence of a new group of organic toxicants - xenobiotics, which have found wide application in industry, agriculture and everyday life, and quickly spread through the biosphere, exerting a prolonged effect on living organisms, including humans. Research was carried out in the waters of the Shlisselburg, Volkhov and Svirskaya lips of the littoral zone of the southern part of Lake Ladoga in the period 2020-2023, using generally accepted methods of biological and chemical analytical analysis of fish and their habitat. 1500 specimens were examined. Fish and 3000 larvae. Chemical-analytical studies of samples of water, bottom sediments, atmospheric precipitation and fish for metals were carried out in the laboratory of fishery ecology of the St. Petersburg branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "VNIRO" ("GosNIORH" named after L.S. Berg) on an atomic absorption spectrophotometer AA - 7000 (Shimadzu) according to approved methods (PNDF., 2010; M02-2406., 2013 and M02-902-125, 2005), and in the research laboratory of food and natural objects "ANALECT" of the Institute of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, using the method of atomic absorption spectrometry according to approved methods. Hydrochemical and hydrological indicators were determined using an automatic multiparameter probe Aqua TROLL 500. The content of metals in the fish habitat at the surveyed equators, as dangerous toxicants and previously significant for Lake Ladoga, showed their low content and especially such highly toxic ones as lead and cadmium. Minor excesses were noted for copper and manganese, but they could not in themselves be the cause of pathological manifestations of toxicosis in fish and disruption of the process of their natural reproduction.

Глазной тканевой банк и фемтотехнологии как основа развития кератопластики

Abstract Eye tissue bank and femtotechnologies as fundamentals for keratoplasty development E.V. Boiko, I.E. Panova, A.V. Titov, Ya.I. Masian, A.A. Varavka, D.R. Mirsaitova, O.D. Yagmurov S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Saint Petersburg Branch, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation Purpose.To evaluate development of keratoplasty in the St. Petersburg branch, taking into account eye tissue bank opening and femtotechnologies intergation. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of the structure and quantity of keratoplasty in combination with femtosecond laser was carried in Saint Petersburg branch of S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution. Data were analyzed regarding 2-time intervals: from 1990 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2022. Results.Between 1990 and 2019, 1367 corneal transplantations were performed (an average of 46 transplantations per year). Penetrating keratoplasty had a leading position in the structure – 1159 operations (84.8%). At the same time, the lamellar keratoplasty segment took only 15.2% (208 operations), and femtosecond laser was used only in 1% of operations (14 operations). In the period from2019 to 2023, 674 keratoplasty were performed, percentage of penetrating keratoplasty decreased to 50.8% (343 operations), and number of lamellar keratoplasty cases increased to 49.2% (331 operations). Femtosecond laser was used in 73.4% of operations (495 operations). Conclusion.Based on the results of a retrospective analysis, the advantages of eye tissue bank opening and a femtosecond laser integration into the work of the St. Petersburg branch were determined. Key words:eye tissue bank, femtosecond laser, keratoplasty

Фотодинамическая терапия в комбинированном лечении меланомы хориоидеи

Abstract Photodynamic therapy in the combined treatment of choroidal melanoma E.V. Samkovich, I.E. Panova, E.V. Boyko, E.M. Svistunova, A.A. Bykhovskii S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, St. Petersburg Branch, St. Petersburg North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, St. Petersburg Purpose. To evaluate the effectiveness of the combined treatment ofchoroidal melanoma (CM) based on the use of PDT and Ru-106+Rh-106brachytherapy (BT). Material and methods. Retrospective analysiswas carried out in 48 patients (48 eyes) with CM. Distribution ofpatients according to TNM system: T1N0M0 – 2 patients, T2N0M0 – 14,T3N0M0 – 32. All patients were divided into 2 study groups: 1st group –25 patients (25 eyes) who underwent Ru/Ro-106 BT in isolation, SOD125.4±12.3 Gy; 2nd group – 23 patients (23 eyes) who underwentcombined treatment: Ru-106+Rh-106 BT (SOD 127.3±13.6 Gy) + PDT.Diagnostics was carried out on the basis of clinical and instrumentalexamination including complex ultrasound with estimation of thetumor vascularization degree. Results. Application of complex organpreservation treatment, including photodynamic therapy, followedby BT promotes acceleration of rates of tumor regression in 3, 6, 12 months (p<0.05). It was reliably found that the signs of intratumoralvascularization of CM (p<0.05) decrease after a combined treatment.A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the two variants of organpreservation treatment of CM has shown a higher efficacy of PDT andBT, based on complete regression of the tumor and local control ina significantly larger number of patients (p<0.05). Conclusion. Theresults of application of PDT in the combined treatment of CM show theprospects of the method application to achieve a faster rate of tumorregression and a preventive measure of haematogenous metastasis dueto necrosis and blocking of vessels feeding the tumor. Key words: choroidal melanoma, photodynamic therapy, brachytherapy,uveal melanoma, ophthalmo-oncology, choroidal melanoma treatment

Interpretation of the Seidel test for open eye injury: Experimental study

AIM: The study aimed to examine the phenomenon of fluorescence during the Seidel test on an experimental model of open eye injury (OEI). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The experimental study used cadaver pig eyes and was conducted in the Wetlab educational laboratory of the St. Petersburg branch of the S.N. Fedorov National Medical Research Center Interbranch Scientific and Technical Complex “Eye Microsurgery”. After creating a perforated hole, the cornea was stained with fluorescein and observed under a cobalt-blue slit-lamp light. After the test strips were removed, the experiment was timed. RESULTS: The fluorescence phenomenon was noted immediately after applying the stain to the ocular surface of cadaver eyes with OEI. Fluorescein was dissolved in the flowing intraocular fluid (IOF) and was restrained at the wound edges. Then, the color of the flowing IOF changed. In the experiment, two phases of the flowing IOF color were registered, that is, up to 2.95 s, a bright-green fluid flow was noted. After 2.95 s, the stain washed out, and the main stream of liquid was divided into several streams with varying degrees of staining intensity. At 4.12 s, a transparent stream of escaping liquid was noted in the center and green streams along the edges. CONCLUSION: The Seidel test consists of two successive phases, namely, the initial appearance of a “bright-green stream” of IOF flowing through the corneal wound, lasting no more than 3 s after the administration of fluorescein; and during phase 2, in the flow center, the fluid became transparent, and bright-green staining remained at the edges. The Seidel test should be performed in compliance with all conditions that ensure the manifestations of fluorescence, always using a cobalt slit-lamp filter, and the result should be evaluated considering the sequence of its phases.

«Печально зимой в Булуне»: А. В. Боголепов о повседневности заполярной Якутии в 1913–1916 гг.

Goals. The article introduces an unknown manuscript by A. Bogolepov titled ‘Bulun Village of Verkhoyansk District (Yakutsk Oblast)’ and compiled during an exile to the isolated Arctic locality of Yakutia. The narrative was written before the revolutionary events of 1917 and is of certain interest since it lacks any political bias, being characterized by restrained neutrality and sufficient depth of observations over everyday realias of the small northern settlement. A. Bogolepov’s text is attractive for the breadth of issues covered, its consonance with the social and cultural problems faced by the era and discussed by the advanced public. So, it seems reasonable enough to publish the identified document for further discussion in an interdisciplinary perspective. Materials and methods. The manuscript was discovered at the State Archive of Irkutsk Oblast (Coll. 293 ‘East Siberian Department of the Russian Geographical Society’). Furthermore, in search of additional data on the former’s author we investigated the State Archive of Altai Krai (Barnaul), State Archive of Krasnoyarsk Krai (Krasnoyarsk), National Archive of Sakha-Yakutia (Yakutsk), Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow) and its St. Petersburg Branch, and the efforts have yielded a variety of precious finds. The methodological basis rests on the principles characteristic of the field the researchers are actually engaged in — cryoanthropology. Results. The discovered materials open a previously unknown page in the Yakut pre-Soviet Northern studies. A. Bogolepov’s manuscript is rich in data on natural conditions, economic and cultural activities in the small remote settlement somewhat representing the polar world in miniature. The author highlights the interpenetration of Russian and Yakut cultures, mentions some specific local sociocultural phenomena resulting from the geographical location and climatic features. The long cold period — as is stressed by A. Bogolepov — shapes the entire life cycle of the settlement: it completely determines the functioning of the transport network, household and trade agendas, everyday life and leisure pursuits of locals. The isolation and scarcity of social activity, temporal and event-based ‘frozen’ everyday life of the northern society are emphasized. The manuscript is an important source for the research of cryoanthropology, and also contains valuable information on Yakutia’s socioeconomic and cultural history throughout the early decades of the twentieth century.

Commemorating Jubilee of Jan Hus in Russian Empire: Preconditions, History, Cultural Context.

The brief report on the activities of the St. Petersburg Slavic Charitable Committee for the year 1869 includes a record that society members discussed the celebration of the 500th anniversary of Jan Hus and established a prize for an essay on the Czech religious figure. The inclusion of Hus in the list of “jubilarians” worthy of honor not only highlights the significance of this religious thinker for the Slavic world but also touches upon certain political aspects of Russian history. The article analyzes the reasons for the Russian public's attention to Hus’s persona, provides a characterization of the views of Russian intellectuals at the time of the contest announcement regarding the legacy of the Czech religious figure, and presents reflections on how the proposal to support Jan Hus’s 500th jubilee aligns with the tradition of honoring cultural figures in the Russian Empire by the mid-19th century. The material draws from both published documents and sources not yet introduced into scholarly circulation. The motives behind honoring Jan Hus's legacy are seen in the acknowledgment by the chairman of the St. Petersburg branch of the committee, Gilferding, of the Orthodox foundations of the Czech reformer’s teachings, deeming it possible to use Hus celebrations as a lever of influence on Czech society and advance the idea of political and religious unity among all Slavic branches in Orthodox faith.

Архитектор Сергей Митягин: более полувека градостроительной деятельности

Sergey Mityagin — Нonored Architect of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Architecture, Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences, member of the Board of the St. Petersburg Branch of the Union of Architects of Russia, Director General of the Scientific Research Institute of Perspective Urban Development. The author of more than 400 scientific and scientific-methodical, 4 monographs, workbooks, about 100 methodological and research works in the field of ecologically-oriented landscape, marine (aquatorial), strategic spatial and territorial planning.

Dedication to Morphology (to the 70th Anniversary of the Birth of Professor I.V. Gaivoronsky)

In February 2024, Professor Ivan Vasilyevich Gaivoronsky, Doctor of Sciences in Medicine, the prominent Russian morphologist, Head of the Department of Normal Anatomy at S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, celebrated the 70th anniversary. Ivan Vasilyevich was born on February 2, 1954 in the town of Kadievka, Voroshilovgrad region. In 1979, he graduated with a gold medal from S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy; within its walls, he came a long way from an adjunct to the Head of the Department of Normal Anatomy, which he has headed for more than 35 years. Ivan V. Gavoronsky is a member of the Presidium of the All-Russian Scientific Medical Society of Anatomists, Histologists and Embryologists and Chairman of its St. Petersburg branch, a member of the Coordinating Council responsible for the field of education “Health and Medical Sciences” and its educational and methodological commission in anatomy and anthropology, Chairman of the dissertation council in the specialties Anatomy and Anthropology, Pathological Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, created at S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy. Professor Ivan V. Gaivoronsky focused his attention on the development of modern aspects of the collateral circulation issues, the state of various parts of the vascular bed under normal conditions and under the influence of various extreme factors, innovative technologies for preparing and preserving anatomical sections for educational purposes, medical craniology, the study of individual and typological features of the human body, applied issues, dictated by the needs of practical medicine, the history of anatomy, and the improvement of the educational process in the departments of morphological profile. He created a scientific morphological school, which trained 11 doctors and 60 candidates of medical sciences. For significant contribution to the development of Russian science and modernization of the educational process, Professor IvanV. Gaivoronsky was twice awarded the Russian Government Prize in the field of education; he was awarded the honorary titles “Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation” and “Honored Figure of Russian Higher Education”, academician of the Russian Military Medical Academy, Honorary Doctor of the Russian Military Medical Academy; he was awarded the Order of Honor and a medal of the Order for Merits to the Fatherland, II degree.

Manuscripts on the Warfare from the Collection of the Asiatic Museum

In the article a short survey of ϐive works on warfare from the collection of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences is given. Those manuscripts were received by the Asiatic Museum (AM) from AD 1825 to AD 1934 and originate in such well-known collections, as that of J.-B. L. J. Rousseau, the Library of the Institute of Oriental Languages of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Lake Van gathering. The latest receipt took place from the Archaeographic Mission of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR in the Volga region. The copy known ubder shelf-mark C 686 was a donation of the Russian diplomat Apollinaire P. Bouteneff (AD 1834). The main goal of the article consists in formulating the most complete idea of time and circumstances of entering the above-mentioned works into the collection of the AM, of the history of their occurrence and in creating the codicological description of every manuscript on the basis of materials and documents from the Archives of Orientalists of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences and St. Petersburg Branch of the Archives of the Russian Academy of Sciences, including those which have not been published yet.

Mineralogiczna kolekcja w Gabinecie Historii Naturalnej księżnej Anny z Sapiehów Jabłonowskiej

The article concerns one of the mineralogical parts of the Cabinet of Natural History of Duchess Anna Jabłonowska (1728–1800), created in Siemiatycze. In 1802, the collection was purchased from Jabłonowska’s heirs by the envoys of Tsar Alexander I and transported to the Moscow University. At that time, two catalogues were created: one in French (1801) as a sale offer and the second one in Russian (1802), compiled by academicians during the packing of the collection before its transport to Moscow. Thanks to these two catalogues preserved in the Archives of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg Branch (SPbF ARAN), it is possible today to reconstruct the contents of the Cabinet, which was burned in Moscow in 1812. The mineralogical part is presented according to the contemporary classification, allowing for the determination of its scientific value. Both discovered documents complement each other and confirm the richness of the collection.

Архивные фонды и коллекции документов профессора Г. З. Байера в Санкт-Петербурге и Глазго

The article provides an overview of archival documents related to Gottlieb Siegfried Bayer (1694–1738), professor of the first staff of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. Bayer's research interests were quite diverse and included the study of the languages and culture of Asia, the Volga region, the Urals, Siberia, history of the Black Sea region, origin of the Varangians and Rus'. Bayer's documents are mainly concentrated in two repositories: the St. Petersburg branch of the Archives of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPbF ARAN) and in the Special Collections of the University of Glasgow Library (UGL). The article examines the history of the formation and composition of archival collections, as well as the most significant publications. In the St. Petersburg Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences there is a personal collection of Bayer, formed in the Soviet period. The fund includes two inventories: manuscripts of works and materials and correspondence of the scientist, with a total of 64 files. In addition to the personal fund, Bayer’s documents can be found in other funds and categories of the St. Petersburg Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The archive contains notes, projects, organizational, administrative, personnel, financial documentation, including those related to Bayer’s activities as inspector of the Academic Gymnasium. Bayer's papers in the University of Glasgow Library arrived there at the beginning of the 19th century. The collection is made up of documents sent shortly before the scientist’s death to K?nigsberg and includes draft articles, notes, various copies and extracts, correspondence, books from his personal library, a total of 261 items. Almost all the documents in Glasgow are related to Bayer's orientalist interests. Complexes of documents in St. Petersburg and Glasgow include the scholar’s autographs. Most of the documents are manuscripts. There are a small number of printed books, including those of Chinese origin (UGL). Certain documents are duplicated in both complexes, for example, Bayer's correspondence with Jesuit missionaries in China. The first publications of Bayer's archival documents were made in the 18th century. Extracts from the documents appeared in various publications of the 19th century on the history of the Academy of Sciences. Several articles and monographs cited extensive quotations from Bayer's correspondence. A significant number of items were abstracted and cited in the Catalogue of the Bayer collection in Glasgow. A few translations of Bayer's texts are given in the new volume on the history of the Academy of Sciences. Bayer's archival collections complement each other, allowing one to evaluate the academic research practices and trace connections and interactions in the 18th-century scholars.

Second All-Russian school of medical chemistry for young scientists

The second school in medicinal chemistry was held from July 3 to July 6, 2023 at St. Petersburg State University as part of the All-Russian conference with international participation “Ideas and legacy of A.E. Favorsky in organic chemistry” with the support of the St. Petersburg branch of D.I. Mendeleev Russian Chemical Society. Leading experts in the field of medicinal chemistry, young scientists and students from various institutes and universities of Russia took part in the work.

“Forgive Bibliophilic Hobbies”: Letters From D.V. Ulyaninsky to Book Historians, Publishers, and Collectors

22 letters of 1900—1918 by D.V. Ulyaninsky (1861—1918) addressed to bibliophiles, publishers and collectors are published: B.S. Bodnarsky, L.E. Buchheim, N.P. Likhachev, M.Ya. Paradelov, P.K. Simoni, A.S. Suvorin, V.K. Trutovsky, V.G. Ulyaninsky. They are kept in the Department of Manuscripts of the Russian State Library, the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art, the St. Petersburg branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and contain valuable information about the formation and fate of the library, as well as the collection of ex-libris D.V. Ulyaninsky, his publishing activities, cooperation with public organizations, personal ties, lifestyle and style of communication. These sources can be used to study the history of bibliophilia, bibliography, antique book trade and in general the intellectual life of Russia in the early XX century.

Энергетическая хирургия катаракты в Санкт-Петербургском филиале МНТК «Микрохирургия глаза»: анализ 27-летнего опыта

Purpose. Based on a comparative analysis of the results of using various laser methods of cataract treatment in the process of developing energy surgery in the St. Petersburg branch The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, to determine the advantages and disadvantages of the technologies used. Material and methods. Analysis of the results of laser cataract extraction, ultrasonic phacoemulsification and combined surgery is based on data from a study of 28 802 surgical interventions (Phacoemulsification (Phaco) – 15 520, laser cataract extraction (LCE) – 7945, FemtoPhaco – 5135, FemtoLCE – 202) performed over the period 1995–2022. Results.The operative complication rate was 0.6, 0.55, 0.5 and 0% for Phaco, LCE, FemtoPhaco and FemtoLCE respectively. Visual acuity after LCE and FemtoLCE >0.8 was observed in more than 70% of cases, and in other groups such a functional result was achieved in 57% of cases. Comparing the postoperative spherical equivalent, a significant difference was noted only between the FemtoPhaco and standard Phaco (p=0.03), and between FemtoLCE and LCE groups (p=0.01), it indicates the advantage of femtolaser support for cataract surgery getting in target refraction. Analysis of endothelial cells loss reflects a significant advantage in groups with femtolaser support (p=0.01; p=0.02), as well as in the group of LCE and FemtoLCE over standard Phaco (p=0.01; p=0.02, respectively). Conclusion. Laser cataract extraction is an effective and safe technology that can be compared to ultrasonic phacoemulsification. The use of femtosecond laser assistance provides significantly lower deviation from the planned postoperative refraction. Modern laser technologies are safe and can reduce the risk of endothelial loss more effectively than standard Phaco. Key words: laser cataract extraction, femtosecond laser, femto laser assisted cataract surgery, cataract phacoemulsification, endothelial cell density

Архив Э.К. Пекарского как информационный ресурс

Within the framework of this article, an attempt is made to study the information potential of documents from the personal collection of Eduard Pekarsky, stored in the St. Petersburg branch of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the source analysis of which will help determine the directions for its further scientific use. The presented documents and historical sources constitute a scientific and historical basis for studying the issues of the formation of Sakha writing and literature of the Sakha people. Numerous documents and diaries, letters and notes from the archival collection of the ethnographer and linguist are the objects of attention of sci-entists and researchers of the development of the Yakut region, the study of the Sakha language, historians, lexicographers, ethnographers. As a result of the study, the main directions for the effective scientific use of documents from E.K. Pekarsky’s personal archive are determined, a panorama of the relationship between an individual and society is revealed, and themes that are significant for the author of the archive are focused.

Formation of civil orientations of social competence of the younger generation (on the example of the activities of the St. Petersburg branch of the Russian schoolchildren’s movement)

This article analyzes the process of formation of civic guidelines of social competence of the younger generation on the example of the Russian Schoolchildren’s Movement (RSM). The materials of a qualitative research conducted on the basis of the St. Petersburg branch of RSM in 2022 are presented, in the course of which the practices related to civic education of young St. Petersburg residents were investigated in detail. The significant role of RSM in the process of educating future citizens of the Russian Federation is shown. It is emphasized that, despite the presence of shortcomings and “birth traumas” in its activities, RSM successfully creates new forms of representation of civic guidelines in the context of the formation of social competence of the younger generation, as well as provides participants with a wide range of directions and types of activities. The author also made a conclusion about the dominance of models based on the value of patriotism among the civic orientations of social competence in RSM activities, as well as about the prevalence of representations of patriotism inextricably linked to military themes, especially the events of the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945. At the same time, the tendencies of “fatigue” from the above narratives have been identified, which may indicate the need to search for new forms of representation of civic values in the context of the formation of social competence of the younger generation.

ON THE WORK OF THE PRESIDIUM OF THE RAS DURING THE REPORTING PERIOD <i>REPORT OF THE CHIEF SCIENTIFIC SECRETARY OF THE PRESIDIUM OF THE RAS</i> <i>ACADEMICIAN M.V. DUBINA</i>

During the reporting period, the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences fully implemented the tasks assigned to the Academy of Sciences. Elections of the President of the Russian Academy of Sciences and a new composition of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences were held. Scheduled meetings were held in priority scientific areas, as well as those dedicated to important events in the scientific field. According to the order of the President of the Russian Federation, the St. Petersburg Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences was established. Large-scale work has been carried out within the framework of the state assignment approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.
 The Russian Academy of Sciences successfully interacted with federal state and executive authorities, subjects of the federation, educational, commercial and other organizations. The most important functions of the RAS were successfully implemented – coordination of fundamental and exploratory scientific research and expert activities. International scientific ties continue to be established and strengthened. Events aimed at popularizing science and attracting talented young people to the scientific community were held. Preparations are being actively made for the celebration in 2024 of the 300th anniversary of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

O ponimanii istorii peterburgskimi formalistami (v lice B. Ejhenbauma i Yu. Tynyanova)

This article examines the history concepts of the St. Petersburg branch of Russianformalism. Thefocus is on the concept of history in theoretical and artistic works by B.M. Eikhenbaum and Yu.N. Tynianov.