Multiple Stakeholder Perspectives Research Articles

Localizing Chinese games for Southeast Asian markets

Abstract This article explores how Chinese games are localized for Southeast Asia (SEA) markets. Based on the synthesized insights from practitioners and gamers, we identify gaps between localization in theory and in practice. The post-gold model is popular with Chinese game companies that usually do not consider localizing a game until it has attained domestic success. They tend to opt for full localization rather than “deep localization” (Bernal-Merino 2011) because adapting visuals and game mechanics is considered “icing on the cake”. Additionally, in our data, gamers seem to prefer foreignization over domestication, while practitioners combine both strategies to create a defamiliarizing gaming experience. Finally, the language diversity in SEA and the lingua franca status of English call for a nuanced understanding of locale. Hence, we suggest to differentiate three types of locales (presumed, practiced, and preferred) as a possible analytical framework to further theorize game localization from multiple perspectives of stakeholders.

A Multiple Stakeholder Perspective for Evaluating Community-Based Dementia Care

For holistic interventions and research on dementia, it is fundamental to understand care experiences from the perspectives of carers, care recipients, and care professionals. While research on care dyads and triads have highlighted the effects of communication and interactional aspects on care relationships, there is a lack of knowledge on how individual-contextual and relational factors shape the provision and receipt of care in terms of decision-making processes, resource allocation, and expectations of care outcomes. Thus, this paper sheds light on (i) how carers negotiate care provision with other important life domains such as employment, household/family roles and conflicts, as well as their own health problems, life goals, values, and aspirations for ageing; (ii) how older adults with dementia perceive support and those who provide it; (iii) the structural constraints faced by care professionals in delivering a team-based mode of dementia care; and, taken together, (iv) how community-based dementia care is impeded by barriers at the individual, relational, and institutional levels. Findings were derived from semi-structured interviews and observational data from fieldwork conducted with 20 persons with dementia (median age = 82), 20 of their carers (median age = 60), and 4 professional care providers. All respondents were clients and staff of a multidisciplinary and community-based dementia care system in Singapore. Our analysis indicates the impact of dementia care is strongly mediated by the interplay between institutional/familial contexts of care provision and the various ‘orientations’ to cognitive impairment and seeking support, which we characterised as ‘denial/acceptance’, ‘obligated’, ‘overprotective’, and ‘precariously vulnerable’.

‘To the Arabic Community Disability Is Not Normal’: Multiple Stakeholder Perceptions of the Understandings of Disability among Iraqi and Syrian People from Refugee Backgrounds

AbstractIn 2015, the Australian government committed to take an additional 12,000 refugees from Syria and Iraq prioritizing those considered most vulnerable including people with disability. The aim of this preliminary study was to understand, from multiple stakeholder perspectives, the experiences of settling in Australia for people with disability from Syrian and Iraqi refugee backgrounds living in Sydney. Interviews were conducted with nine family members of 11 people with disability from Iraqi and Syrian refugee backgrounds; eight Iraqi and Syrian community organization leaders; and seven community and health refugee service practitioners. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using the thematic analysis. Three themes were identified that contribute to understandings of disability based on the perceptions of the multiple stakeholders interviewed: Iraqi and Syrian perceptions of ‘disability’; beliefs about who is ‘responsible for’ the disability; and comparisons between Iraqi/Syrian and Australian views, attitudes, and approaches to disability. Understandings of disability are shaped by fluid and dynamic factors, including culture. It is essential that services are offered to people with disability and their family members using a whole-of-person, culturally informed approach to community support.

Environmental Issues and Social Responsibility: A Scientomeric Analysis Using Citespace

Environmental issues and social responsibility have a significant impact on the natural ecological system and economic development. Hence, it is important to find a relative balance path between them. Previous studies have sought to explore environmental or social responsibility rather than seek solutions from a systematic perspective, and there seems to be a lack of a systematic, quantitative review of systematic solutions or details. To identify the multiple impacts and relationships between environmental issues and social responsibility and illustrate emerging trends and challenges, this article proposes a scientometrics review based on 1,336 articles published from 2001 to 2020, through co-occurrence analysis and co-citation analysis together with cluster and burstiness analysis to reveal the depth and breadth of emerging research. This research demonstrates the research paradigm of environmental issues and social responsibility extends from a single stakeholder level to a systematic strategic perspective of multiple organizations and stakeholders. The results provide researchers and practitioners with a deeper understanding of future directions and implications Keywords: Environmental issues; social responsibility; strategy; scientometrics; review

Living with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis in Europe: perspectives of multiple stakeholders.

The transition from relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis to secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) remains a clinical challenge owing to the heterogeneous course of the disease, indistinct disease progression and lack of availability of validated biomarkers and diagnostic tools. This article summarizes the outcomes from an international expert group meeting conducted to validate the preliminary research findings gathered through interviews with primary healthcare stakeholders and pharmaceutical representatives, and to understand the current and future patient journey of SPMS across seven European countries. We highlight the uncertainty in SPMS diagnosis and management and, consequently, the need for uniform assessment guidelines, enhanced awareness and a collaborative effort between the stakeholders associated with SPMS patient care and the pharmaceutical industry.

Evolutionary Game Analysis on Improving Collaboration in Sustainable Urban Regeneration: A Multiple-Stakeholder Perspective

Abstract Urban regeneration is a naturally controversial societal issue, which has a significant impact on people’s daily life. The main stakeholders, including the government, developers, and resi...

Improving quality in clinical placement studies in nursing homes (QUALinCLINstud): the study protocol of a participatory mixed-methods multiple case study design

IntroductionImproved quality in clinical supervision and assessment of student nurses in nursing home clinical placements is vitally important to effective recruitment and preparation for this healthcare sector. Knowledge regarding supervision...

Industry views about the Banned Drinker Register in the Northern Territory: Early lessons from a qualitative evaluation.

Introduction and AimsThe Northern Territory Government has recently planned and implemented an extensive suite of alcohol harm minimisation policies, including the reintroduction of the Banned Drinker Register (BDR). It is an explicit alcohol supply reduction measure that places persons who consume alcohol at harmful levels onto a register, prohibiting the purchase of alcohol from take‐away liquor outlets. This paper explores industry stakeholders' perspectives regarding the extent to which the BDR is meeting its objectives to improve community health and safety by reducing alcohol‐related harms.Design and MethodsInterviews and one focus group were conducted with 66 alcohol industry stakeholders from urban and remote locations. Focusing on outcomes both central (crime and safety) and peripheral (health and therapeutic support) to the stakeholders' interest, the authors used inductive thematic analysis to examine participants' perceptions about the effectiveness of the BDR.ResultsAnalysis revealed mixed views about the effectiveness of the BDR. There is a tension between the objective to address public amenity and decrease crime, as expressed by the participants, compared to the health‐focused approach to therapeutic services and referrals identified in other sources.Discussion and ConclusionsDrawing on these findings, alongside other relevant sources, the authors argue there is a need for a more effective communication strategy to the public and professional community to enhance the capacity of the BDR to meet its goals. The authors recognise the limitations of alcohol industry stakeholder views and identify the need for a comprehensive evaluation approach that includes multiple stakeholder perspectives.

Creating local sustainability indicators towards evidence-based policymaking for tourism in developing economies: Evidence from the Philippines

ABSTRACT Sustainable development of tourism destinations is deemed a critical component of the global development agenda. Among developing economies whose tourism industries have remained a significant pillar of their economic growth, translating sustainability concepts and principles into policy remains a challenge. The incorporation of sustainability in public policies requires tourism development to generate positive impacts on the environment, economy, and society through the active involvement of stakeholders. At the core of this approach is the identification and use of indicators to evaluate the sustainability of destinations. This study primarily addresses concerns on the compatibility of existing indicators with local objectives and perceptions, with an aim of identifying local indicators that evaluate the sustainability of destinations in the Philippines. This study contributes to the existing development research through the identification of local sustainability indicators that are hinged on local understanding and perceptions of sustainability. A qualitative approach was employed to capture a holistic understanding of the multiple perspectives of stakeholders regarding sustainable tourism development. Results were determined through a focus group discussion with tourists and key informant interviews involving government authorities, tourism businesses, tourism industry practitioners, and academe.

Airbnb impacts on host communities in a tourism destination: an exploratory study of stakeholder perspectives in Queenstown, New Zealand

Airbnb’s disruptive impacts on tourism destinations have been well acknowledged but systematic examination is still lacking. This study investigates these impacts on host communities from the perspectives of tourism destination stakeholders including Airbnb hosts, traditional accommodation providers, local residents and policy makers in Queenstown, New Zealand. Underpinned by social representation theory, the results of fourteen semi-structured interviews confirm the complexity of Airbnb growth, which is characterised by multiple and conflicting interests, and potential paradoxes in destination management policies. This research highlights the advantage of using multiple stakeholder perspectives by providing a more holistic and critical understanding of Airbnb’s impacts. It offers a starting point to inform the on-going debate regarding sustainable tourism development in destinations with globally disruptive entities.

Nurses role, importance and status in Armenia: A mixed method study.

To assess the perception of the nursing profession in Armenia from the perspective of multiple stakeholders, including nurses and the general public. Nurses' role perception is a complex phenomenon defined by multiple stakeholders. The assessment used a convergent parallel mixed-methods design, with a dominant qualitative status. We conducted the qualitative phase through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with 235 people and collected quantitative data in a cross-sectional telephone survey with 389 participants. The nursing profession has been influenced by medical hierarchy and subordination, and none of the participants recognized nursing as an autonomous health care profession. The quantitative survey findings were largely consistent with the qualitative results. Our findings highlighted empathy and compassion as inherent qualities of nurses in Armenia. To change opinions about the nursing profession and highlight nurses' meaningful contribution to the provision of health care services, it is important to develop a national definition of nursing and introduce higher educational opportunities for nurses in Armenia. The paper highlights the importance of quality education for preparing highly competent nurse managers who can become role models in promoting nurses' roles in health care systems and improving the professional and public image of nursing.

The Role of Decision Analysis in Risk Analysis: A Retrospective

In commemorating the 40th anniversary of Risk Analysis, this article takes a retrospective look at some of the ways in which decision analysis (as a "sibling field") has contributed to the development both of the journal, and of risk analysis as a field. I begin with some early foundational papers from the first decade of the journal's history. I then review a number of papers that have applied decision analysis to risk problems over the years, including applications of related methods such as influence diagrams, multicriteria decision analysis, and risk matrices. The article then reviews some recent trends, from roughly the last five years, and concludes with observations about the parallel evolution of risk analysis and decision analysis over the decades-especially with regard to the importance of representing multiple stakeholder perspectives, and the importance of behavioral realism in decision models. Overall, the extensive literature surveyed here supports the view that the incorporation of decision-analytic perspectives has improved the practice of risk analysis.

Using Soft Systems Thinking to Craft Instructional Design and Technology Interventions

Underutilized in higher education, soft systems thinking can mitigate common challenges in implementing instructional design and technology initiatives. A valuable approach is soft systems methodology (SSM), which captures multiple stakeholder perspectives in rich pictures and activity models to support structured conversations about how to improve a problematical situation. To demonstrate SSM’s utility for instructional design and technology professionals, this article provides an overview of macrolevel processes that often influence interactions with stakeholders. It explains how to capture stakeholders’ perspectives in rich pictures and models spanning multiple system layers through collaboration. From a wide range of interventions that can then be discussed, the article explores two interventions focused on redesigning employment processes and elaborates their importance for common instructional design and technology initiatives. By relating key SSM concepts and techniques to these initiatives, this article demonstrates the practical value of systems thinking for those leading and transforming university learning.

Developing an Organizational Mission Statement in Youth Sport: Utilizing Mad Libs as a Novel, Shared Leadership Approach

Sport organizations often utilize mission statements as “road maps” to guide the design and delivery of sport to youth. In the present work, we utilized a novel technique and sought out the perspectives of multiple stakeholders to craft a mission statement for an elite youth volleyball club on the east coast of the United States. Prior to the competitive season, a subset of club administrators (n = 3) head coaches (n = 6), parents (n = 10), and athletes (n = 11) participated in Mad Libs, a phrasal word game in which individuals are asked to fill in missing words in a prescribed, written story template. Key mission-relevant words were left blank, and beneath each blank was a prompt such as “noun (what the club should provide)”, “verb (what the club should do)”, or “adjective (kind of partnerships the club should build).” Participants completed stories individually, and responses were synthesized using content analysis. We then crafted a three-sentence mission statement and shared it with club stakeholders at a preseason meeting. The mission statement was adopted by the club and guides the direction of the club and its members. Importantly, our work highlights a novel technique, informed by a range of stakeholder perceptions and experiences, that can be used to craft an organizational mission statement in elite youth sport.

Assessment of environmental factors affecting software reliability: a survey study

Currently, many systems depend on software, and software reliability as such has become one of the key challenges. Several studies have been carried out that focus on the impact of external environmental factors that impact software reliability. These studies, however, were all carried out in the same geographical context. Given the rapid developments in software engineering, this study aims to identify and reinvestigate the environmental factors that impact software reliability by also considering a different context. The environmental factors that have an impact on software reliability as reported in earlier studies have been analyzed and synthesized. Subsequently, a survey study is conducted to analyze the impact of 32 environmental factors from the perspective of multiple stakeholders. Several statistical analysis methods were applied for the analysis. Data were collected from 24 organizations and 70 software professionals. Most factors shown in top 10 lists of previous studies remain in the top 10 in our study, but their order is different. Testing coverage is now the most significant factor and testing effort is considered as the second most significant factor. The environmental factors defined previously retain their impact. The ordering of the importance of the environmental factors has changed though.

Development and Testing of a Question Prompt List for Common Hand Conditions: An Exploratory Sequential Mixed-Methods Study

A question prompt list (QPL) is a tool that lists possible questions a patient may want to ask their surgeon. Its purpose is to improve patient-physician communication and increase patient engagement. Although QPLs have been developed in other specialties, one does not exist for hand conditions. We sought to develop a QPL for use in the hand surgery clinic using a mixed-methods design. We drafted a QPL based on prior work outside of hand surgery and then used an exploratory sequential mixed-methods design (both qualitative and quantitative methods) to finalize the QPL. Qualitative evaluation included both a written questionnaire completed by a patient advisory board, hand therapists, and hand surgeons, as well as cognitive interviews conducted with clinic patients using the tool. Revisions to the QPL were made after each phase of qualitative analysis. The final QPL was then evaluated quantitatively using the system usability score (SUS) questionnaire to assess its usability. A patient advisory board consisting of 6 patients, 5 hand therapists, and 6 hand surgeons completed the written questionnaire. Thirteen patients completed a cognitive interview of the QPL. We completed a content analysis of the qualitative data and incorporated the findings into the QPL. Twenty patients then reviewed the final QPL pamphlet and completed the SUS questionnaire. The resulting SUS score of 78.8 indicated above-average usability of the QPL tool. The QPL developed in this study, from the perspective of multiple stakeholders, provides a usable tool to engage and prompt patients in asking questions during their visit with their hand surgeon with the potential to improve communication and patient-centered care. This study provides clinicians with a QPL developed for use in the hand surgery clinic setting, aimed at facilitating more thorough patient-provider discussion.

Landscape sustainability science in the drylands: mobility, rangelands and livelihoods

The global drylands cover 41% of the terrestrial surface and support millions of pastoralists and host diverse flora and fauna. Ongoing socioeconomic and environmental transformations in drylands make it imperative to understand how to achieve the twin goals of food security and ecosystem health. The review focuses on examining the patterns of rangeland vegetation dynamics and livelihood transformations associated with changes in pastoralist mobility. We conducted a comprehensive review of literature on dryland sustainability based on the coupled systems framework and through the lens of mobility, which reflects not only human and livestock movements but also the unique lifestyles and cultural identities of people in drylands. We find that mobility, which is critical for pastoralists to survive and thrive in the drylands, is generally in decline and has significant implications on dryland sustainability. Reduced mobility exacerbates bush encroachment and land degradation, as sedentarized pastoralists use the rangelands more recursively. Associated with declining mobility is livelihood intensification and diversification, but such livelihood transitions may carry both socioeconomic and environmental risks. We argue that to advance landscape sustainability science and reconcile concerns over environmental conservation and human well-being across the global drylands, we must better understand the underlying mechanisms of coupled systems transitions through the lens of mobility, and integrate the perspectives of multiple stakeholders with fundamentally different interests and priorities.

Synthesizing Multiple Stakeholder Perspectives on Using Virtual Reality to Improve the Periprocedural Experience in Children and Adolescents: Survey Study.

BackgroundVirtual reality (VR) technology is a powerful tool for augmenting patient experience in pediatric settings. Incorporating the needs and values of stakeholders in the design of VR apps in health care can contribute to better outcomes and meaningful experiences for patients.ObjectiveWe used a multiperspective approach to investigate how VR apps can be designed to improve the periprocedural experiences of children and adolescents, particularly those with severe anxiety.MethodsThis study included a focus group (n=4) and a survey (n=56) of clinicians. Semistructured interviews were conducted with children and adolescents in an immunization clinic (n=3) and perioperative setting (n=65) and with parents and carers in an immunization clinic (n=3) and perioperative setting (n=35).ResultsQualitative data were examined to determine the experience and psychological needs and intervention and design strategies that may contribute to better experiences for children in three age groups (4-7, 8-11, and 12-17 years). Quantitative data were used to identify areas of priority for future VR interventions.ConclusionsWe propose a set of ten design considerations for the creation of future VR experiences for pediatric patients. Enhancing patient experience may be achieved by combining multiple VR solutions through a holistic approach considering the roles of clinicians and carers and the temporality of the patient’s experience. These situations require personalized solutions to fulfill the needs of pediatric patients before and during the medical procedure. In particular, communication should be placed at the center of preprocedure solutions, while emotional goals can be embedded into a procedure-focused VR app to help patients shift their focus in a meaningful way to build skills to manage their anxiety.

Brand messages that influence the sport tourism experience: the case of South Africa

ABSTRACT This paper builds on the premise of the destination branding theory regarding the influence of destination brand associations on the sport tourism experience. The paper presents an empirical analysis of perceived brand messages of South Africa from the perspectives of multiple stakeholders and major event attendees. Data collected from 403 respondents and in-depth interviews conducted with 24 key industry stakeholders of sport events and destination branding organizations, revealed that South Africa is a competitive destination for sport event hosting as the destination annually attracts a significant number of international sport tourists. Destination brand images that were auspiciously perceived are the destinations’ favourable climate, the currency exchange rate, and the natural landscape/setting. Other destination branding features such as improving safety aspects and more visible on-site branding are contingent on investment and leveraging strategies from both public and private entities. The paper theoretically contributes to the destination branding theory by focusing on the application of strategic constructs of co-branding in a unique, sport tourism environment. Accordingly, it advocates stakeholders to adopt useful approaches to augment long-term brand positioning strategies.

Development of a quality measures tool for the utilization of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer: An integrated specialty pharmacy initiative.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors, commonly prescribed for non-small cell lung cancer, are efficacious but pose safety risks that can diminish quality of life. Quality measures to ensure appropriate utilization and monitoring of tyrosine kinase inhibitors are needed to reduce unnecessary healthcare costs and maximize therapeutic benefit. With integrated clinical and pharmaceutical care services, a health-system specialty pharmacy is the ideal setting for quality measures development. The purpose of this initiative was to develop a tool to assess quality in the utilization of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer by engaging multiple key stakeholder perspectives to identify the fundamental elements of high-quality clinical and specialty pharmacy care. Quality measures for the utilization of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer were developed by conducting package insert, guideline, and literature review followed by integrating feedback from key stakeholder groups through individual conversations and a structured assessment. The finalized guide assesses safety, efficacy, persistence, and patient-reported outcomes using defined clinical and specialty pharmacy measures. Most stakeholders agreed that the proposed measures were relevant as well as accurate and expressed support for implementation. The proposed tool provides a framework for specialty pharmacies to deliver quality care in the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Further work is needed to implement and validate this tool.