Perspective Of Metaphor Research Articles

A Comparative Analysis of Metaphors Involving Chrysanthemums

Metaphor plays a crucial role in poems and literature. Against the background of the poetess Li Qingzhao's frustrated life and unexpected emotional obstacles, and through the study of the images of chrysanthemum in a part of her poems, the essay analyzes Chrysanthemum from the perspective of Bixing and the cognitive perspective of the conceptual metaphor, which display the changes of the concepts of “chrysanthemum” in Li Qingzhao's poems and the influence of the “chrysanthemum” in her poems on “chrysanthemum” original image.

PERSPECTIVES TO A LIVING DESIGN MEDIUM: First encounters with a fermented indigo vat

This exposition presents a traditional process of indigo vat dyeing. A fermented indigo vat is an ancient method of dyeing textiles. The process is based on bacterial action, which means that the vat is alive: it is a living design medium. With living design medium, is referred to all material production or means of modification that incorporate simple living organisms such as bacteria. A living design medium also includes and implies a designer perspective. Biomaterials and biotechnology-based manufacturing methods, often involving living organisms, are increasingly entering the designers’ workspace. This will affect design practices, especially in the more material-centric domains, such as fashion and textile. This study aims to investigate the ‘being’ of a living design medium. However, instead of looking at new biotechnologies or biomaterials, this paper turns to one of the world’s oldest traditions of textile modification, the fermented indigo vat dyeing. By choosing a fresh (or rather ancient) context, this study contributes a new perspective to the ongoing discourse on (bio)materiality. The article reflects on the practice of indigo vat dyeing from a new materialistic stance. Data consists of self-documentation and reflective writings from and of a dyeing workshop (2019) and experiences of maintaining a fermented indigo vat at home for six months (2020). Data is analysed in hermeneutical iteration and presented through different metaphorical perspectives: the vat as a spirit, the vat as a tool, the vat as a child, and the vat as a living medium. The main points of the discussion are (1) Indigo practices create awareness of worldly connectedness; in dyeing, I communicate with the whole of the ancient tradition and all of its practitioners. Relationship between dyer and indigo to transcends time and space. (2) While vat dyeing is appreciated as a challenging tool that dyers want to engage with and master, this risks reducing the meaning to its purpose. (3) The use of metaphor-full language within indigo practices grants agency to the vat for practical means; it works as a way to guide us towards interaction within the living medium. (4) The concept of a living medium, as proposed here, draws from Gilles Deleuze and Tim Ingold: it exists in a world of constant becoming and describing it aims to grasp the material flux of the world in its unfolding.

A Study on Conceptual Metaphors in the Report on the Work of the Government (2020)

The Report on the work of government (2020) is an annually political discourse, which provides a consistent topic to linguistic research. And conceptual metaphor provided by George Lakoff, is an important part of cognitive linguistics and a way of discourse analysis. From the perspective of conceptual metaphor, this study explores proportion and distribution of conceptual metaphor used in the discourse, and analyzes the function of major metaphors. It is proved that there are totally 12 categories of metaphors, which are made up of 8 major metaphor and 4 minor metaphor. The major metaphors function hierarchically and reflect effect of epidemic represented in the discourse. By analyzing the conceptual metaphor in the discourse, it is expected to shade a light on the understanding of metaphor illustration of the discourse.

Moral metaphor in Shakespeare’s plays and its Chinese translations: a conceptual metaphor perspective

ABSTRACT This paper makes contrastive analyses of the moral metaphors in Shakespeare's plays and their translations in four Chinese versions. The definition and identification procedures of the moral metaphor are discussed firstly. This paper then puts forward approaches for the contrastive analyses from linguistic and conceptual levels. Results show that the Chinese translators tended to reduce the difficulty in understanding the moral metaphorical expressions, the four Chinese versions differ in terms of semantic category changes, and Zhu's translation is most similar to the source text (ST) in terms of the category structures of moral conceptual metaphors. Translation methods for the moral metaphors in Shakespeare's plays are suggested, including retaining the ST semantic structure, implying the expressed ST semantic components, revealing the implied ST semantic components, retaining the ST semantic categories, adjusting the ST semantic categories and adding notes.

Shape Perception and Its Cognitive Consequences —Based on a Metaphorical Perspective

Shape perception; Metaphor connects; Social decision-making

The Metaphors and Its Critical Analysis in COVID-19-Related Cartoons

By collecting 100 cartoons related to the COVID-19 pandemic from the whole world, this paper uses Yu Yanming’s theoretical framework of metaphorical representation from the perspective of multimodal metaphors to classify the metaphorical mappings of these 100 works. This paper also tries to analyze the political stances and attitudes towards the COVID-19 pandemic displayed behind the cartoons. This paper also attempts to explore how the topic is conveyed and communicated via metaphors in COVID-19 cartoons and aims to show how the different metaphor scenario in multimodal discourse becomes a tool for conveying evaluative content.

C-E Translation of Shaanxi Opera Scripts from the Perspective of Conceptual Metaphor—Taking Women Generals of the Yangs as an Example

Shaanxi Opera is one of the oldest dramas of the Han nationality in China, and it is also included in the National Non-Material Cultural Heritage List. As a local culture, it is distinctive in the language features, and its lyrics are written in rhyme with the same number of characters in each line, which has strong value in translation research. Guided by conceptual metaphor theory, this paper analyzes the English translation of metaphor in the script of Women Generals of the Yangs from the aspects of structural metaphor, azimuth metaphor and ontological metaphor, in order to provide some reference and enlightenment for the translation of metaphor in Shaanxi Opera.

Metaphor Analysis of Polysemy and Middle School English Vocabulary Acquisition

Language is an important way for people to communicate. Whether we can master and properly use the polysemy of language will directly affect the accuracy of communication. Polysemy means that the same word form bears multiple meanings. Its function is to reduce the number of words and the burden of memorizing words, which is the embodiment of the principle of human language economy. In the process of word meaning expansion, metaphor mechanism plays an extremely important role. Metaphor is an expression tool to understand and explain another corresponding thing by means of one thing. It is a mapping from one cognitive domain to another. The cognitive theory of metaphor has guiding function and application value to foreign language teaching, especially English vocabulary teaching to a great extent. Vocabulary teaching based on cognitive metaphor theory is helpful to systematically sort out and learn polysemy. The systematic and generative features of cognitive metaphor theory are helpful for English learners to build their logical expansion ability of word meaning. Studying polysemy from the perspective of cognitive metaphor will certainly promote the development and innovation of English vocabulary teaching.

MAPPING THE METAPHORS OF NAMES AND IDENTITY IN MONICA ALI’S BRICK LANE

Monica Ali is a young promising British writer who in her novel Brick Lane recounts the diasporic experiences of Bangladeshi immigrants settled in the East End corner of London. In this novel, Ali has strategically projected the intricacies of human lives through metaphorical names in which the primarily used words or phrases can be reread to draw out its suggestive or implied meaning. The names of the characters and the places cited in the novel are symbolically used which needs to be intensely analyzed and assessed. Thus, the present paper attempts to read the novel from a metaphorical perspective highlighting the significance of the names of her characters which are purposefully selected to represent their distinct individuality and identity.

Bribe and Bribery Labeling in Kenyan Anti-Corruption Discourse: A Conceptual Metaphor Perspective

Corruption in Kenya has been a particularly large problem since its independence from British rule in 1963. This paper explores the motivation behind a cultural specific metaphor of bribe and bribery labeling in Kenya as seen from the conceptual metaphor viewpoint. The study identifies and explains the different terms relating to a bribe and bribery, describes social-cultural values in Kenya, and accounts for the cognitive processes involved in their interpretation. The data includes a list of terms collected from traffic police officers, public transport workers and commuters from different parts of Kenya. These metaphors were identified by the Metaphor Identification Procedure (MIP) created by Pragglejaz Group (2007) and analyzed using the Cognitive Metaphor Theory from Lakoff and Johnson (1987). The results reveal that language spoken by a society is an essential part of its culture, and the lexical distinctions drawn by each language reflect culturally important features of objects, foods, institutions, games, air we breathe and other activities in the society in which the language operates. We argue that conceptual metaphors are conduits of communication, and it is prudent to apply the cognitive linguistic approach for their better contextual appreciation. This paper concludes by suggesting further avenues for research into socio-cultural metaphors, and by calling for the government to innovate new ways of fighting corruption because the players have invented ingenious ways of communicating about it metaphorically beyond comprehension for a lay person.

Environmental Planning and Economic Resources Optimization Modelling: An Empirical Approach Based on the Earth Ecological Economic Metaphor Principle

This paper is with an objective of exploring a top-level design system model for environmental planning and economic resource optimization. Based on the economic metaphor theory of the earth’s ecological environment, of which “economic man” and “ecological man” are both involved, this study has self-built a WEMC corpus for empirical purpose. The study’s findings have revealed that, environmental planning and the optimization of economic resources reflect the relevant “eco-systemicity” from the perspective of economic metaphor, which is embodied in three major ecological categories (human, plant and animal) discovered in this empirical study; therefore, it is necessary and highly feasible to, based on the theory of systems engineering and ecological mechanics, explore and analyse the constituent factors, functions, stability, and evolution of the economic ecosystem from a new perspective and method. This paper has drawn a conclusion and proposed a top-level design system model for environmental planning and economic resource optimization based on the ecosystem integration.

Move with the Flow: Metaphorical Perspectives on Time in Chinese Taoists and Atheists

ABSTRACT The ego-moving perspective and the time-moving perspective are the two common metaphors used to spatially represent time. The former describes time as a stationary object and individuals travel through it. Conversely, under the time-moving perspective, individuals remain stationary while time moves toward them. Evidence suggests that religious systems have specific effects on the construal of temporal succession along the sagittal axis. The present study investigated whether religion also affects people’s perspectives on the movement of events in time. Using the ambiguous “Next Wednesday’s meeting” question, we compared preferred responses from two groups of participants with different levels of personal agency: Chinese Taoists and atheists. Based on the Taoist principle of wu-wei which permits its believers to keep stationary and to sense passivity, being approached by desirable future events, we predicted that Taoists, who evidence a lower level of personal agency, would be more likely to adopt the time-moving perspective in comparison to atheists. Analyses of disambiguation responses and personal agency scores support our hypotheses. Overall, these findings suggest that individual variation related to religious concepts might be associated with people’s preferred metaphorical perspectives on time.

An implicature account of metaphorical perspective

Abstract This paper develops an account of metaphor and its cognitive value. The motivation for this account lies in two considerations: 1) there is a problem, the proposition problem, that plagues many accounts of metaphor and its cognitive value, and 2) a recent criticism of Grice’s program and its semantic-pragmatic distinction by Lepore and Stone (2015) is grounded on the assumption that its account of metaphor is saddled with the proposition problem. Thus there is a need for an account of metaphor that explains its cognitive value without raising the proposition problem, and if successful, we also remove a criticism of Grice’s program. The proposed account of metaphor is one according to which, in uttering a metaphor, the speaker conversationally implicates a metaphorical perspective. This account of metaphor’s cognitive value is grounded in an understanding of metaphorical perspective as itself non-propositional.

A Conceptual Study of Metaphorical Illustration Applied for Hellfire in Qur’anic Text

This study aims to explore the metaphors of fire and hell from Holy Qur'ān utilizing conceptual analysis and by keeping in view the discussion of cognitive linguistic and cognitive perspectives of metaphor. This research has attempted to apply the semasiological approach to Qur'ānic corpus wherewith the figurative significance of fire and hell is linked with Fire/Hell as a metaphor in the Holy Scripture. The Cognitive Theory of Metaphor (CMT)interpreted by linguists Lakoff & Johnson (1980) and developed later by Lakoff and Turner (1989), and others, e.g. Wreth (1994, 1999) has been applied as the theoretical framework and the translations of specific extracted verses of Holy Qur'ān are interpreted logically and compared with concerning religious aspects. Originally the principles of Cognitive Metaphor Theory have been employed for the study of Conceptual Metaphorical Analysis (CMA) revealing how metaphors of fire and hell have been used creatively affecting the understanding of much broader aspects of life in light of the teachings of Qur'ān. The tenor and vehicle illustration is taken from I.A Richards’ concept of ground, tenor, and vehicle, and the source and target domain are also debated to bring forth a holistically semasiological understanding after the analysis of the metaphors.

The Ideology of China From Perspectives of Conceptual Metaphor—Illustrated by Xi Jinping’s 2020 New Year Speech

The Ideology of China From Perspectives of Conceptual Metaphor—Illustrated by Xi Jinping’s 2020 New Year Speech

Seasonal metaphors in Arab journalistic discourse

Abstract The rhetorical fabric of the recent Arab uprisings resorts to mythology and metaphoricity to elicit an ideologically-biased polarization of the popular revolts. Building on some striking resemblances the Greek myth of Persephone and the journalistic construction of the Arab revolts hold in common, this paper delves into the oblique parallelism that informs the use of seasonal metaphors to serve ideological functions. The analysis of this pragmatic aspect of metaphorical structuring elaborates on findings of a corpus study, focusing on the collocational tendencies of the Arab Spring and Arab Autumn metaphors in Tunisian and Saudi press outlets. Empirical results show that the anti-revolts agenda selects negatively valued collocates to occur with the Arab Autumn metaphor, whereas the pro-revolts ideology recruits positively-valued lexis to mirror the emancipatory journey voiced by the Arab Spring trope. The paper uses a blend of cognitive theories of metaphor with research from a critical metaphor perspective to elucidate the ideologies which motivate and guide the figurative construal of the popular uprisings in Arab journalistic discourse.

Responding to Regulatory Pressure About Nursing Home Abuse

Responding to Regulatory Pressure About Nursing Home Abuse

Die Fragilität des Takts

Abstract The Fragility of Tact. A Reconstruction of a Fluid Moment Fragility seems to imply that tact is something that is already known, that it is a whole (and that must be kept from breaking), that it is identifiable and even objectifiable. This idea of fragility refers to Muth’s definition of tact as a ›Unverfügbarkeit‹ and Zirfas’ investigations of an ethnographic ›Abstandsbestimmung‹ in social situations, which implies rather something elusive, evasive and intangible. In this present text, fragility is meant as a metaphorical perspective of a fluid moment, which is gone while trying to keep it. These pictures of movements are basically linked with the ontology of becoming by Deleuze and Guattari.

‘V得上’ 구조 속 ‘上’의 인지적 고찰 ― 은유와 환유의 각도에서

Metaphor and metonymy are two important cognitive means in the process of semantic extension. This paper examines the semantic extension of ‘上’ in ‘V得上’ from the perspective of metaphor and metonymy. This paper summarizes the meanings of ‘上’ in ‘V得上’ according to the BCC corpus and finds out the prototypical meanings and the non-prototypical meanings. And then analyzes these meanings by metaphor and metonymy.

The psychiatrist's "voices" and the metamorphosis from thinker to operator

Over the last few decades there has been a radical change in the education and social role of the psychiatrist, who from "thinker" has transformed into "operator". A large number of scientific, medical, educational, cultural, health, organizational, political and legal factors have contributed to this change. In the professional reality these factors can be symbolized as internal "voices" of the psychiatrists, who automatically limit or inhibit their aptitude for autonomous thinking, lapsed to the advantage of the need to operate practically in a professional role lived with ever less awareness and cultural depth. The impoverishment of the psychiatrist's sense of scientific and cultural identity who is being asked less and less to "think", corresponds to a change in expectations on the part of society, which essentially asks him to "operate". From a scientific metaphor perspective, the "breakdown" of the mental attitude dominated by these factors could restore strength to psychiatrist's cultural depth and social role.