Perspective Of Industrial Chain Research Articles

Life Cycle Assessment of Ammonia Co-firing Power Plants: A Comprehensive Review and Analysis from a Whole Industrial Chain Perspective

Ammonia, a reliable low-carbon alternative fuel with energy storage capabilities, has garnered increasing attention for its application of co-firing in coal-fired power plants as a strategy to mitigate direct carbon emissions. However, various types of ammonia production technologies result in diverse economic feasibility and emission intensities. Simultaneously, each stage, spanning from upstream processes such as raw material extraction to downstream applications, contributes to carbon emissions, which cannot be ignored. It is crucial to select the appropriate assessment method to determine the transformation pathways for co-firing systems. To this end, this review presents a comprehensive life cycle assessment of ammonia co-firing systems from a whole industrial chain perspective, encompassing the entire gamut of processes from fuel production and transportation to co-firing. Studies of the industrial chain perspective and of life cycle assessment methodology that are uniquely tailored for co-firing systems are introduced. A nuanced exploration of distinct technologies across the spectrum of system processes ensues, including the advantages, limitations, and advancement trends, based on carbon emissions and economic criteria. Considering the diverse fuel production, especially ammonia, typologies and intricate processes have undergone comprehensive review. The combustion characteristics, emissions, and economic factors associated with the co-firing process are systematically summarized, drawing upon aspects such as dynamics, experiments, simulations, and demonstration projects. This study illuminates the progression and technology selection of co-firing systems across multiple stages of the whole industry chain, thereby furnishing insights relevant to the low-carbon transformation of ammonia co-firing with coal in power plants.

Evolution of New Energy Minerals Trade Pattern and Analysis of China’s Status Evolution

Copper, cobalt, nickel as the key raw materials for the new energy automobile industry, the supply and demand of resources and international trade are largely affected by the world economy and political pattern, and the risks and vulnerabilities of the resource industry chain are highlighted. Using the method of complex network to analyze the trade network of three kinds of mineral resources from the perspective of industrial chain, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) the global trade network of three kinds of new energy minerals in the whole industrial chain all presents the characteristics of complexity and connection enhancement, and has the characteristics of the network of the small world; (2) China has become an important hub in the global trade network of copper, cobalt, and nickel, and has a stronger ability to control the trade of other countries.

Structure and evolution of global lead trade network: An industrial chain perspective

Lead resources are pivotal to national economic development and necessitate an examination of evolving global trade patterns to comprehend supply-demand dynamics and ensure supply chain stability. This study utilizes industrial chain perspectives and network analysis methods to establish global trade networks for lead ore, refined lead, and lead products, depicting their evolution and exploring the topology of the global lead trade network. The findings highlight consistent development in the global lead trade market since 2000, with robust growth in lead ore and refined lead trade, while trade in lead products has remained stable. The global lead trade network has undergone restructuring, revealing structural disparities among lead commodities that heighten diversity and complexity. A discernible trend toward densification is displayed, underscored by the agglomeration effect, reflecting enhancements in network connectivity, accessibility, and transmission efficiency. Conspicuous core-periphery structures exist, with a growing polarization effect in the lead ore trade network and balanced development in the refined lead and lead products trade network. Different countries play distinct roles, with the USA, China, Germany, the Netherlands, the UK, Belgium, and Italy consistently wielding significant control within the global lead trade network. The paper proposes policy implications for international trade cooperation and lead resource supply security based on these findings.

Analysis of the Value of Digital Collectibles of Traditional Cultural Intellectual Properties from the Perspective of Industrial Chain

As an important carrier and blue ocean field of current digital content products, digital collectibles have developed rapidly since 2021. Their role in protecting digital copyrights and the advantages in inheriting and disseminating traditional intangible cultural heritage have made them a cutting-edge direction in the research of cultural digitization. The research on digital collectibles in China mainly focuses on the value generation logic of digital collectibles, copyright protection issues, policy regulations, the role of digital collectibles in the protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage, and the development strategies of specific industrial digital collectibles. Against the backdrop of the development of the cultural industry and the pan-entertainment industry, the operation of traditional cultural intellectual properties (IP) has become a hot topic in current academia. Traditional cultural IP possesses relevant cultural creative resources, collective emotional resonance, and intellectual property resources, which give it unique advantages in the distribution of digital collectibles. At the same time, digital collectibles can also provide new ideas for the operation of traditional cultural IP, promote its further digital development, and facilitate the creation of digital cultural works that blend with the current era by utilizing relevant resources, enriching the contemporary connotation of traditional cultural IP. This study takes a comprehensive perspective of the industrial chain and aims to clarify the intrinsic connection between digital collectibles and the operation and development of traditional cultural IP, and to determine the specific value of digital collectibles in the development of traditional cultural IP. It is expected to provide new perspectives and directions for the research on the relationship between digital collectibles development and traditional cultural IP, and further promote the development of traditional cultural IP through the use of digital collectibles.

Scenario analysis on carbon peaking pathways for China's aluminum casting industry

To support high-quality carbon peaking, a scenario analysis of carbon peaking pathways according to an industrial chain perspective considering both material and part production needs exploring. As a critical segment in the aluminum industrial chain, aluminum casting industry was focused on in this paper. A bottom-up scenario analysis approach was proposed for the carbon emission simulation of China's aluminum casting industry, including: (1) a carbon emission assessment model based on material flow analysis and life-cycle assessment, (2) key influence factor selection and variation scenario prediction, (3) static and dynamic scenario analysis, and (4) driving factor decomposition analysis. Key findings are as follows: (1) China's aluminum casting industry accounted for about 1.1% of the national carbon emissions in 2020; (2) the production stage accounted for around 15% of the total carbon emissions of China's aluminum casting industry in 2020; (3) carbon peaking probabilities before 2030 for the static and dynamic scenario analysis are around 60% and 35%, respectively; and (4) the carbon peaking result differences in whether considering the production stage are about 20% for the static simulation and average 40% for the dynamic simulation. These findings effectively support the formulation of a high-quality carbon peaking pathway.

The impact of government subsidies on R&D investment of listed companies in China's new energy vehicle industry-based on the perspective of industrial chain

ABSTRACT Over the past decade, Chinese government has invested large amounts of government subsidies to support the development of new energy vehicle (NEV) industry. Whether the government subsidy has achieved the expected effect and how to further adjust the subsidy policy to better promote the development of the NEV industry have received wide attention. This paper considers the characteristics of technological innovation and financing constraints of enterprises at different position of the NEV industry chain, and empirically test the incentive effect of government subsidies on R&D investment from the perspective of the industry chain. The research findings show that government subsidies promote the R&D investment of all enterprises in the NEV industry chain, however, the promotion effect on upstream and midstream enterprises is more significant. With the reduction of consumption subsidies, the promotion effect of government subsidies on the R&D investment of listed companies in the NEV industry has been strengthened. Further research finds that government subsidies promote R&D investment by alleviating the financing constraints of upstream and midstream enterprises. There is an industry chain synergy effect in the technological innovation of new energy vehicle enterprises, and government subsidies can promote this synergistic effect from upstream to downstream.

Securing the supply of clean energy metals to achieve carbon reduction: a review

Climate change is a major threat to the world. The cause for this global challenge is directly linked to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In order to mitigate climate change, major policies such as reducing GHG emissions are required. Many countries have proposed carbon emission reduction targets at the national strategic level. A crucial issue in achieving the target is low-carbon energy transition, which requires a large amount of clean energy metals as supporting materials. This paper summarizes the latest research results of existing literature on the supply of clean energy metals in achieving the goal of carbon reduction, including the definitions, demand changes, supply capacity assessment, supply risk evolution, supply guarantee and policy system, etc . We point out that further research should be conducted in the following three directions in the future: firstly, strengthen research on the impact of trade and geopolitics on the supply of clean energy metals; secondly, further evaluate the effectiveness of minerals security policies in various countries; finally, broaden the analysis of the clean energy metals supply to encompass the entire industrial chain perspective.

The impact of government subsidies on technological innovation of new energy vehicle enterprises: from the perspective of industry chain

The impact of government subsidies on technological innovation of new energy vehicle enterprises: from the perspective of industry chain

How does the global metal industry value network affect industrial structure upgrading ? The perspective of industry chain

The global metal industry value network (GMIVN) can reveal the status of an economy in the global metal industry chain and value chain, while the traditional metal trade networks cannot deeply reflect the global metal industry pattern and the competitive capacity of an economy's metal industry. Moreover, the GMIVN also performs an irreplaceable role in the process of the industrial structure upgrading. This paper uses network analysis and panel regression to investigate the characteristics of the GMIVN and its influence on the upgrading of industrial structure in the ways of the industry chain. The main findings are as follows: (1) The GMIVN has always been compacting shows “small world” characteristics. The network structure features of the value network of the middle and lower industry are highly consistent with those of GMIVN. (2) The distribution pattern of the core economies in the value network of the global metal industry is stable and concentrated. The U.S., Germany, China, and the U.K. exert significant impact in all links of the global metal industry chain and value chain. However, major metal resource exporters are at a lower position in the global value network of the metal industry and exert limited influence. (3) The higher the central and independent status of an economy in global metal trade or the more high-influence trading partners it has, the more advanced its industrial structure will be. Furthermore, the centrality of the value network of the middle and lower industry exerts a larger influence on the upgrading of industrial structure than that of the value network of the upper industry.

The effect of industrial synergy and division on energy intensity: From the perspective of industrial chain

The essence of industrial chain structure optimization is to strengthen the synergy and division ability among sectors. It is a crucial factor in reducing energy intensity and achieving carbon neutrality goals. This paper completed the China's non-competitive input-output table from 2000 to 2020, constructed industrial synergy and division index using structural path analysis method and examined its development trend. Combining with a two-way fixed effects model, we explored the influence of industrial synergy and division on energy intensity. The research found that China's industrial synergy and division development level shows an upward trend. The proportion of the low-layer industrial chain decreases, and the peak contribution rate moves to the high-layer industrial chain. Secondly, industrial synergy and division significantly reduces sectoral energy intensity, the results are robust after endogeneity test. Finally, heterogeneity analysis showed that industrial synergy and division can reduce the energy consumption intensity of all sectors, and it is more obvious for sectors with high energy dependence. This research can provide targeted policy suggestions for China to optimize its industrial structure. It also has a reference significance for other countries.

The impact of renewable energy consumption on lithium trade patterns: An industrial chain perspective

Drawing on international panel data from 2000 to 2019, we examine the structural characteristics of the global lithium trade network and investigate the impact of renewable energy consumption on lithium trade patterns from an industrial chain perspective. The findings indicate that different countries play different roles and hold different central positions in the international lithium network. Compared to lithium raw materials, the trade network in lithium products has stronger connectivity and constitutes the bulk of the lithium trade. Regression results reveal that renewable energy consumption significantly affects lithium trade patterns. For lithium raw materials, renewable energy consumption can increase the weighted degree. For lithium products, renewable energy consumption significantly and positively affects the degree centrality and weighted degree. In addition, the effects vary across countries with different income levels. Renewable energy consumption has a greater positive impact on degree centrality in low- and middle-income economies than in high-income economies.

The impact of geopolitical relations on the evolution of cobalt trade network from the perspective of industrial chain

The turbulent international situation in recent years has aroused a profound impact on global cobalt trade, so it is necessary to investigate the influence of geopolitical relations on cobalt trade. This study divides the geopolitical network into cooperation network and conflict network. Besides, the evolution of global cobalt trade network is studied from the perspective of the whole industry chain. Furthermore, the impact of geopolitical relations on the evolution of cobalt trade network is studied based on QAP method and ERGM. The results show that (1) The scale of geopolitical cooperation network is larger than that of conflict network, while more and more countries have participated in the global geopolitical conflict in recent years; (2) The cooperation network has significant positive impact only on the evolution of midstream and downstream, and the conflict network has the opposite impact on them, indicating that geopolitical cooperation will promote the formation of new trade relations; (3) The influence on the evolution of cobalt trade network increases first and then decreases over time. This paper suggests that countries should pay special attention to geopolitical cooperation and establish more cooperation with countries with high political stability.

Supply risk propagation of global copper industry chain based on multi-layer complex network

Copper is an essential strategic mineral resource. The copper industry chain starts with the extraction of raw materials, after processing, and finally sells the final product. The uniqueness of copper and the distribution characteristics of geographical space make the relationship between copper trade and supply more complicated. The imbalance between supply and demand can easily lead to resource supply security problems. The supply shortage will affect the stable development of the industrial chain. Based on the industrial chain perspective, this study calculates the national competitiveness index at different stages and analyzes the degree of competition among different countries. The study constructs a copper multi-layer network risk propagation model (CMNRP) to simulate the impact and propagation path of supply shocks in Peru, Chile, China, and the USA on the entire industry chain. The study found that: (1) The competitiveness of countries trading along the industrial chain has gradually increased. (2) As the supply shock intensifies, the impact of the crisis gradually shifts downstream, and the number of affected countries gradually increases. (3) Peru, China, and the USA are essential nodes for risk propagation in the copper industry chain. The critical factor in ensuring the stability of the industrial chain is the stable supply of raw materials. (4) Indirect infection occupies a large proportion in different stages of the industrial chain. Influenced countries and indirect influences in the middle and lower reaches of the industrial chain are higher than those upstream. Research can provide multi-dimensional policy recommendations for China to respond to extreme disturbances, build a more resilient trade system, and improve the resilience of trade networks.

Evolution of carbon emissions in China's digital economy: An empirical analysis from an entire industry chain perspective

Accompanied by the increasing scale of the digital economy, the evolution of carbon emission analyses is becoming increasingly prominent. In this study, we constructed a digital economy input-output model and proposed a carbon emissions measurement framework from an industrial chain perspective. Based on this, we empirically calculated and analyzed the carbon emissions of China's digital economy and its evolution from 2007 to 2017. Moreover, we explored the driving factors of the evolution through a multi-layer nested SDA method. The results reveal that the (1) embodied carbon emissions of the digital economy are more significant than its direct carbon emissions, mainly due to intermediate inputs from non-digital sectors; (2) carbon emissions of China's digital economy are driven by export and investment, primarily gathering in the energy-intensive sectors of the upstream industrial chain and digital-intensive sectors of the downstream industry chain; and (3) expanding demand has led to an increase in carbon emissions from the digital economy while energy use and production processes are the leading drivers for the decrease in embodied carbon. Moreover, the role of demand expansion and energy use has weakened while the role of production processes has increased. This study offers scientific guidance for regulating the development of the digital economy and scientific carbon reduction.

Resilience assessment of international cobalt trade network

As an important strategic mineral resource, the scarcity and uneven distribution of cobalt resources, as well as the deepening trend of energy structure shift to clean type, will further promote the flow of cobalt resources on a global scale. This paper therefore takes an industrial chain perspective and integrates the upstream and downstream products of cobalt ore to carve out a directional weighted network of four types of cobalt ore trade, proposes an evolutionary model to assess the static structural resilience evolution of the network, and uses disruption simulation to measure network resilience when subjected to shocks and to identify dominant nodes. The results show from 2002 to 2020 that the resilience of the cobalt ore and cobalt scrap network evolves negatively, while the cobalt oxide and cobalt products network evolves positively. When subjected to external shocks, the cobalt ore and cobalt scrap network is less resilient and more vulnerable to disruptions, with the main countries impacted being the U.S., Germany, the UK, China, and India. Finally, policy recommendations are offered to show the significance of safeguarding the stability of global cobalt ore trade.

Who is the core? Reveal the heterogeneity of global rare earth trade structure from the perspective of industrial chain

Most of the studies on rare earth trade are conducted within the framework of a single product, while the complex industrial structure of rare earth is easy to be neglected. It is still mysterious about the global trade structure and dynamics of rare earth, especially the heterogeneity of trade patterns, trade divisions and determinants. In this paper, with the help of an interdependence identification system, complex network method, GIS space technology and panel regression, the structure, dynamics, and determinants of the international trade network on rare earth are revealed based on industrial chain classification and limited data sources. The results indicate that the global rare earth trade is closely related to China's policy, and the downstream occupies the primary position in the international rare earth supply chain. China has already replaced the developed countries as the core node of the trade network of the whole rare earth industry chain, especially in the downstream field, and continuously promotes the growth and development of global trade community. The world has formed four trade centers, namely East Asia, Europe, North America and Australia, but the dominance of East Asia has been strengthened. The overall decline in global dependence on rare earth means that more and more countries have gained trade advantages, and China has changed from the supply type of the whole industrial chain to the coexistence of supply and demand. Finally, the paper reveals the significant heterogeneity in the determinants of global rare earth trade structure, the downstream has unique technology and relationship thresholds effect.

The influence of copper trade relation structure on copper price: From the perspective of industrial chain

Trade is an important approach to coordinating the global allocation of copper. Under the changeable international situation, the volatile relation between trading nations plays an increasingly important role in copper price fluctuation. In this paper, the influence of trade relation structure on copper commodity prices is discussed by combining the complex network and econometric model. From the perspective of the industrial chain, the upstream and downstream commodities’ market liquidity will cause the upstream commodity price to significantly change within four years. The midstream commodity price is mainly influenced by its market liquidity and chain-like trade relations’ scale. This influence peaks around the third year. The downstream commodity price is mainly influenced by its own trade relation structure. And the influence was greatest in the second year. This article provides a reference for traders to guard against possible fluctuations in commodity prices caused by changes in relation between trading countries.

Application Scenarios, Low-carbon Models and Practical Paths of Green Payments in China

As an infrastructure in the field of green finance, green payment plays an important role in guiding the green-oriented allocation of social resources and the public's awareness of environmental protection, and promoting the greening, recycling and low-carbonization of the production methods of enterprises and the consumption patterns of individuals and households. This paper explores the basis of green payment development in China from five aspects: theory, market, policy, finance and digital ecology, and examines the positioning of green payment to help achieve the goal of "carbon neutrality" at three levels: macro, meso and micro. In the light of the lifestyles of Chinese residents, the specific application scenarios of green payment in China, such as transportation, low-carbon life and paperless payment, are compiled. We use electronic payment methods such as WeChat payment to explore the mode of green payment ecosystem to achieve low-carbon development, and explore the practical path of green payment to help "carbon neutrality" in both broad and narrow sense from the perspective of industrial chain. Finally, the above analysis is combined with the practical significance of green payment for carbon neutrality and the suggestions for the future development of green payment in different dimensions.

A novel evolution model to investigate the collaborative innovation mechanism of green intelligent building materials enterprises for construction 5.0

<abstract> <p>Green intelligent building materials is an effective way for building materials industry to reduce carbon. However, a small amount of research and development (R&D, unstable R&D investment and imperfect collaborative innovation mode hinder the development of green intelligent building materials industry. However, few scholars study the development mechanism of green intelligent building materials industry from the perspective of industrial chain considering the above obstacles. In this study, the game models under market mechanism and government regulation were constructed to analyze the income distribution mechanism for the development mechanism of green intelligent building materials industry. Finally, the questionnaire method was used to discuss the game strategy of collaborative innovation behavior among agents. The results are as follows. In the game strategy selection of collaborative innovation behavior among green intelligent building materials, factors such as database marketing maturity, information flow and technology volume generated by collaborative innovation, technical benefit coefficient, social benefit coefficient and profit and loss barrier factors are conducive to the collaborative innovation behavior of green intelligent building materials. When the market mechanism fails, the incentive effect of cost subsidy adopted by the government is more efficient and fast, and the driving force of achievement reward is more lasting. The combination of the two incentives is the best. Moderate supervision and punishment lower than the free rider income can not ensure fair competition among green intelligent building materials enterprises. The punishment above the threshold can effectively restrain the negative impact of free rider income and prospect profit and loss. This study not only theoretically expands the development theory of digital industry from the perspective of industrial chain by considering the maturity factor of database, but also provides policy guidance for the development of green intelligent building materials industry in practice.</p> </abstract>

Trade trends and competition intensity of international copper flow based on complex network: From the perspective of industry chain

With the increasing demand for resources, the opening and stability of the key mineral industry chain have become a key area of national security. As an important key mineral, copper is widely used in the national economic construction and defense industry. This leads to fierce competition and a complex flow relationship between copper resource trading countries. Based on the perspective of the industrial chain, this paper constructs a model of the copper resource trade evolution network and trade competition network from 2001 to 2020 and analyzes the temporal, spatial evolution, and competitive characteristics of trade. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Since 2001, the global trade of copper resources has fluctuated greatly, trade competition is very intense, and the demand for copper has continued to increase. Copper ore is the most important trade, followed by refined copper, copper product, waste copper, and blister copper. (2) Copper resources have different characteristics at different stages of the industrial chain. Refined copper trade relations are the most concentrated. The copper product trade is the most stable. Community division presents different characteristics. (3) Trade relations and trade volume are highly concentrated in a few countries, and competition is unevenly distributed. Competitive relations are mainly concentrated in European and Asian countries, within Asian countries or European countries. (4) The Asia-Pacific region has reached a dominant position in the copper resource competition pattern, especially between China and Japan. Finally, this article provides some suggestions to maintain the stability of the copper resource trade and improve the ability to resist risks for China.