Green Perspective Research Articles

WASTE BANK AND COMMUNITY WELFARE IN SIDOARJO (MAQASHID SHARIA PERSPECTIVE)

The originality of this research is where previous studies only discussed waste banks from the green economy perspective of maqashid sharia, or discussed economic empowerment only, but in this study it combines all aspects of previous research. This study aims to describe the role of the Sumringah waste bank in improving people's welfare, where the indicator used is Maqashid Syariah. This research uses qualitative research methods, with a case study approach. The waste management system at the Sumringah Waste Bank applies the 3R principle (reduce, reuse, recycle), this aims to motivate the community and increase awareness about managing waste independently from the source, as well as implementing a people's economy. The results of the analysis obtained indicate that there is prosperity in terms of: 1) Spirituality, namely by increasing alms Jariyah (hifz ad-din), 2) fulfilling mental needs (hifz an-nafs), 3) understanding about waste management and environmental hygiene (hifz al-nafs). aql), 4) maintenance of offspring (hifz al-aql), 5) income (hifz al-maal). The implication is as a behavior changer for the community, economic empowerment and quality of life of its members.

Green molecularly imprinted polymers for sustainable sample preparation.

The use of molecularly imprinted polymers in sample preparation as selective sorbent materials has received great attention during the last years leading to analytical methods with unprecedented selectivity. However, with the progressive implementation of Green Analytical Chemistry principles, it is necessary to critically review the greenness of synthesis and further use of molecularly imprinted polymers in sample preparation. Accordingly, in the present review, the different steps and strategies for the preparation of molecularly imprinted polymers, the used reagents, as well as their incorporation to microextraction techniques are reviewed from a green perspective and recent alternatives to make the use of molecularly imprinted polymers more sustainable are provided.

Change for the Better, or More of the Same?

This article analyses the lithium-ion Battery through a green criminological lens. It explores green criminological reasoning, particularly the framework of “ecocide,” in order to frame the renewables market as an area of emergent concern for criminologists. Two case studies are analysed in pursuit of this goal: the case of coltan Mining in the Democratic Republic of the Congo; and the case of lithium extraction in the “lithium triangle” nations of Argentina, Bolivia, and Chile. This article initially examines the issue of coltan mining through a mainstream criminological lens, before moving to explore the issues from a green criminological perspective. In doing so, the advantages of the green criminological model are highlighted, and it is demonstrated that the contemporary renewables market is an area of criminological interest.

New Interpretations from Sustainable Economy

The present work abounds in lathe comments on the ecological, economic policy. The first refers to the layers of thermodynamics and the economic process, but does not describe the importation of analyzing the dynamics of the economic process in terms of the transfer of matter and energy, and it is a natural system. Secondly, it is a revision of the main plant-like portraits by Marx and Engels with the historical background that plays naturalness in the process of social reproduction. The third radical commentary on reflecting the theory of value, considering that the system can count with a theory of value based on quantities of energy, is limited. The reason is sensible: as long as the capital is valued at no cost from the exploration of the work, it is natural without embargo as a limitation. And as in the last comment, we only see the political economy from a green perspective. Green in the sense that to perform economic analysis, even historical ones, it is necessary to include the natural resource variable and keep the manager accountable with critical info.

Pathways to Green Perspectives: Production and Characterization of Polylactide (PLA) Nanocomposites Filled with Superparamagnetic Magnetite Nanoparticles.

In the category of biopolymers, polylactide or polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most promising candidates considered for future developments, as it is not only biodegradable under industrial composting conditions, but it is produced from renewable natural resources. The modification of PLA through the addition of nanofillers is considered as a modern approach to improve its main characteristic features (mechanical, thermal, barrier, etc.) and to obtain specific end-use properties. Iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) of low dimension (10–20 nm) such as magnetite (Fe3O4), exhibit strong magnetization in magnetic field, are biocompatible and show low toxicity, and can be considered in the production of polymer nanocomposites requiring superparamagnetic properties. Accordingly, PLA was mixed by melt-compounding with 4–16 wt.% magnetite NPs. Surface treatment of NPs with a reactive polymethylhydrogensiloxane (MHX) was investigated to render the nanofiller water repellent, less sensitive to moisture and to reduce the catalytic effects at high temperature of iron (from magnetite) on PLA macromolecular chains. The characterization of nanocomposites was focused on the differences of the rheology and morphology, modification, and improvements in the thermal properties using surface treated NPs, while the superparamagnetic behavior was confirmed by VSM (vibrating sample magnetometer) measurements. The PLA−magnetite nanocomposites had strong magnetization properties at low magnetic field (values close to 70% of Mmax at H = 0.2 T), while the maximum magnetic signal (Mmax) was mainly determined by the loading of the nanofiller, without any significant differences linked to the surface treatment of MNPs. These bionanocomposites showing superparamagnetic properties, close to zero magnetic remanence, and coercivity, can be further produced at a larger scale by melt-compounding and can be designed for special end-use applications, going from biomedical to technical areas.

Editorial Introduction

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Animals in Disaster Social Work: An Intersectional Green Perspective Inclusive of Species.

Disasters do not just affect humans. And humans do not only live with, care for or interact with other humans. In this conceptual article, we explain how animals are relevant to green and disaster social work. Power, oppression and politics are our themes. We start the discussion by defining disasters and providing examples of how three categories of animals are affected by disasters, including in the current COVID-19 pandemic. They are: companion animals (pets), farmed animals (livestock) and free-living animals (wildlife), all of whom we classify as oppressed populations. Intersectional feminist, de-colonising and green social work ideas are discussed in relation to disaster social work. We argue that social work needs to include nonhuman animals in its consideration of person-in-environment, and offer an expanded version of feminist intersectionality inclusive of species as a way forward.

New green perspective to dihydropyridines synthesis utilizing modified heteropoly acid catalysts

The classical Hantzsch reaction is a simple and utmost efficient protocol for the synthesis of biologically and pharmacologically important 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives. The present study deals with the utilization of modified heteropoly acid (HPA) catalysts (5 wt% WOx-FeP and 5 wt% MoOx-FeP) in the synthesis of novel Hantzsch 1,4-dihydropyridines, which contains diphenylsulfone moiety via one-pot synthesis strategy under ultrasound irradiation. The developed protocol is simple and green procedure for the synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridines and is applicable to synthesize different 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives. The synthesized HPA catalysts offered a sustainable methodology to produce excellent products yields (88–92%) of 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, Raman, FT-IR, DRUV-vis, XPS, H2-TPR, N2-physisorption and acidity measurements. The HPA supported iron phosphate nanotubes (FeP) catalysts offered enhanced the catalytic performance through the improved Lewis acid site density, redox properties and surface area, compared to the parent phosphomolybdic and phosphotungstic acids. Moreover, the synthesized catalysts can be easily separated from reaction system and reused for six times efficiently without significant loss of activity.

Injustice and Environmental Harm in Extractive Industries and Solar Energy Policies in Indonesia

The rapid development of Indonesia’s economy in the recent decades has accelerated the exploitation of natural resources by the extractive industries and increased carbon emissions through higher energy consumption. Additionally, the persistent enthusiasm for coal energy and the ambitious deployment of renewable energy may have led to injustices in the energy system, short-sighted corrupt practices, and environmental harm. This article examines the challenges and risks of energy source utilization and technological developments linked to coal, geothermal, and solar energy. More specifically, I focused on the following issues: domestic market obligation for coal, geothermal exploration, solar lamp distribution, rooftop photovoltaic policy, and electricity charging stations (ECS). Investigating these issues from an energy justice and a green criminology perspective allowed us to evaluate them concerning instances where injustices (to humans and the environment) have emerged and how they should be addressed. In conclusion, the article demonstrates how the marginalization of rural communities and production of environmental harm has been perpetuated by powerful figures, reinforced since colonialism, and escalated by the demands of the Global North.

Sustainability efficiency assessment of listed companies in China: a super-efficiency SBM-DEA model considering undesirable output.

Chinese listed companies play a vital role in national economy, which has contributed more than half of the gross domestic product. But the environmental pollution existed in the production and operation of companies has been ignored, so an objective and comprehensive efficiency assessment of Chinese listed companies were urgent. This paper constructed an index system based on green perspective, employed a super-efficiency slacks-based measure DEA (SBM-DEA) model considering undesirable outputs to assess the sustainability efficiency of Chinese listed companies. The results indicated that (1) the green sustainability efficiency of listed companies needed to be greatly improved. The average efficiency score of samples was 0.461 over 3 years, so the improvement potential was about 53.9%, only 23 companies were relatively effective. (2) The sustainability efficiency of companies has shown a slow upward trend in volatility since 2017, the non-daily consumer goods sector was the most efficient, while utilities were relatively inefficient. (3) When efficient and inefficient companies were compared, the latter were found to have significant input surplus, especially in water consumption. (4) The analysis of sensitivity on inputs and outputs showed that attention should be paid to water consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. (5) Spearman non-parametric test verified that company size and debt-paying ability were the implicit factors affecting company sustainability efficiency. The results of performance evaluation can not only provide a potential reference for the operation and management of listed companies in China, but also have guiding significance for local governments to strengthen the supervision of companies.

A comparative analysis of green logistic activities in German and Turkish textile enterprises

The main goal of this research is to find out what are the apparel industry activities in the face of green perspective (environment-friendly perspective) in Germany and Turkey. The green perspective is an emerging idea and also has importance for the humanity and the universe. However it is obvious that the green perspective is very broad, it was decided to make this research in the field of supply chain management and the place of logistics in supply chain under the title of green perspective. In this context, a survey, face-to-face interviews were made with professionals in Germany and Turkey. These professionals were the managers who are taking part in the supply chain. In the conclusion part, German and Turkish companies’ activities in the face of green perspective under the title of logistics were compared and evaluated.

Industrial efficiency analysis based on the spatial panel model

High-tech industrial agglomeration is conducive to boosting technological progress, promoting industrial structure upgrading and realizing economic transformation, and certainly affects the overall industrial environmental efficiency. However, few recent studies have focused on its impact on industrial environmental efficiency from a green perspective. In the context of promoting the development of green economy, it is of great significance to clarify the links between high-tech industrial agglomeration and industrial environmental efficiency. In this research, we first analyzed the theoretical mechanism of the impact of high-tech industrial agglomeration and its spatial spillover effects on industrial environmental efficiency and then made an empirical analysis based on the panel data of 29 provinces and cities in China from 2003 to 2016. During the research, Super-DEA method, ESDA method and spatial Dubin model are used. The result shows that: (1) There is a significant spatial positive correlation between China's industrial environmental efficiency and high-tech industrial agglomeration; (2) high-tech industrial agglomeration has improved the local industrial productivity and industrial technology level through scale effects and technical effects, which has accordingly significantly enhanced the corresponding environmental efficiency; (3) through the association of regional industries, the cross-regional cooperation of enterprises and the formation of innovation networks, high-tech industrial agglomeration promotes the spillover of knowledge and technology among regions, improves the level of industrial technology in neighboring regions, and enhances the industrial environmental efficiency in neighboring regions. All these three is helpful to re-evaluate the development mode of high-tech industry agglomeration and to formulate relevant government policies.

Complex energy networks: energy-ecological efficiency based evaluations towards the sustainability in energy sector

In the last years, international programs in diverse sectors and national frameworks have been driven by the need of a sustainable growth, in a green economy perspective. In order to reduce the energy losses/dissipations, as well as the fossil fuels employment and related pollutant emissions, indeed, the spread of combined heat and power units and/or renewable sources generators is promoted into both the electrical grids and the thermal networks but are often in conflict with the economic aspects. In this context, the optimal management of complex energy networks – including, in particular, smart district heating – may lead to the achievement of important goals from the environmental and sustainability viewpoints. The aim of this paper is to develop a preliminary methodology for the complete evaluation of complex energy networks, considering energy, economic and environmental aspects. With this purpose, a case study consisting in a network for the fulfillment of electrical and thermal needs of the connected users will be analyzed, considering different scenarios in terms of energy generation mix and operation and applying different optimization software. In addition, the carried out evaluations will allow to set the basis for the discussion about the future of energy policies and possible incentives towards the sustainable development of the energy sector.

Rapid Construction of Substituted Dihydrothiophene Ureidoformamides at Room Temperature Using Diisopropyl Ethyl Ammonium Acetate: A Green Perspective.

An economic, sustainable, and straightforward environmentally friendly synthesis of highly diversified polyfunctional dihydrothiophenes is successfully achieved via diisopropyl ethyl ammonium acetate as a room-temperature ionic liquid. Multicomponent synthesis contains domino processes; the benefit of this present protocol is highlighted by its readily available starting materials, superior functional group tolerance, purity of synthesized compounds was checked by high-performance liquid chromatography results in up to 99.7% purity for the synthesized compounds, reaction mass efficiency, effective mass yield, and excellent atom economy. In addition, a series of 2-(N-carbamoyl acetamide)-substituted 2,3-dihydrothiophene analogs were synthesized, and selected samples were chosen for testing their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities. Furthermore, a molecular docking study against sterol 14α-demethylase could provide valuable insight into the mechanism of antifungal action providing an opportunity for structure-based lead optimization.

Research on the Measurement of New Urbanization Level in Anhui Province from the Green Perspective

With the continuous deepening of the new urbanization process, some contradictions in its development process become increasingly obvious, among which the environmental problems are particularly prominent. People’s demands for green residential towns are further raised, and the concepts of ecological city, green town and sustainable development society are put forward. In this paper, new urbanization and “green” are linked to determine the concept and connotation of green new urbanization. Under the core connotation of the green perspective, the level of new urbanization in Anhui Province is analyzed from four levels of green economy, green environment, green living and green foundation, thus promote the healthy and benign development of new urbanization and provide an opportunity to improve the mechanism of regional ecological coordinated development.

Water Theft Maleficence in Australia

The United Nations has repeatedly identified that freshwater security is one of the greatest challenges facing humanity, and that water theft is a global problem exacerbating human conflict, denying human rights and accelerating environmental despoliation (UN 2019; UN Water 2020). Australia is the world’s driest inhabited continent where water security is seriously threatened and constantly monitored by federal, state and local authorities. The devastating 2019-2020 bushfires across Australia serve as a stark reminder of the nation’s vulnerabilities to drought and the imperatives of water security and sustainability. Whilst some threats are undoubtedly climate induced, it is widely reported the ‘theft’ of water is playing an increasingly significant role in compromising Australia’s water security. This article provides a critical overview of the contemporary significance of water theft and its governance. It interrogates official documents of government inquiries, examines court proceedings, and provides a green criminological perspective on future policy, practice and prevention.

Green Three-component Synthesis of Merocyanin Dyes Based on 4- Arylideneisoxazol-5(4H)-ones

A one-pot three-component reaction promoted by choline chloride: zinc(II) chloride deepeutectic solvent (ChCl-ZnCl2 DES) in an aqueous medium for the synthesis of several merocyanin dyes based on isoxazol-5(4H)-ones is presented. This three-component approach is efficient, clean, experimentally simple, convenient, safe, and environmentally friendly. This reaction was performed at room temperature without using energy sources such as heat, microwave and ultrasound waves. Nonuse of toxic solvents, available materials, one-vessel, no wasted reagents, simple preparation, and recyclability of DES are other important points of this method that is significant from the perspective of green chemistry.

Authoritarian Environmentalism and Environmental Regulation Enforcement: A Case Study of Medical Waste Crime in Northwestern China

This chapter utilizes a green criminological perspective to examine this key issue as it pertains to waste dumping in rural northwestern China. First, we offer a brief review of green criminology’s approach to waste crime and summarize the literature on top-down environmental regulation enforcement in China. Next, we describe the development of the medical waste regulation framework and highlight the current obstacles to enforcement in China. The chapter then utilizes a case study to illustrate how institutional incentives in the job performance evaluation system of bureaucrats shaped the under-enforcement of medical waste regulations at the grassroots level of rural governance. Our chapter concludes with a discussion of how the study expands our understanding of waste crime and environmental regulation enforcement in an illiberal context.

Antenna Selection for Improving Energy Efficiency in XL-MIMO Systems

We consider the recently proposed extra-large scale massive multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) systems, with some hundreds of antennas serving a smaller number of users. Since the array length is of the same order as the distance to the users, the long-term fading coefficients of a given user vary with the different antennas at the base station (BS). Thus, the signal transmitted by some antennas might reach the user with much more power than that transmitted by some others. From a green perspective, it is not effective to simultaneously activate hundreds or even thousands of antennas, since the power-hungry radio frequency (RF) chains of the active antennas increase significantly the total energy consumption. Besides, a larger number of selected antennas increases the power required by linear processing, such as precoding matrix computation, and short-term channel estimation. In this paper, we propose four antenna selection (AS) approaches to be deployed in XL-MIMO systems aiming at maximizing the total energy efficiency (EE). Besides, employing some simplifying assumptions, we derive a closed-form analytical expression for the EE of the XL-MIMO system, and propose a straightforward iterative method to determine the optimal number of selected antennas able to maximize it. The proposed AS schemes are based solely on long-term fading parameters, thus, the selected antennas set remains valid for a relatively large time/frequency intervals. Comparing the results, we find that the genetic-algorithm based AS scheme usually achieves the best EE performance, although our proposed highest normalized received power AS scheme also achieves very promising EE performance in a simple and straightforward way.

A facile approach towards large-scale synthesis of pristine hematite nanoparticles with enhanced photo/catalytic properties via annealing of iron sulfate precursor in presence of treated egg shell wastes as desulfurizer

This work presents a new green perspective for the synthesis of hematite nanoparticles (HNP) via annealing the plain inorganic ferric sulfate (FS) precursor at (700–900) °C under a caked bed of the treated egg shell wastes as desulfurizer. Morphological and microstructural analyses depict the pristine phase of α-Fe2O3 crystal for the annealed samples along with exhibiting a reduced particles' size of 21 nm for FS annealed at 700 °C compared to the larger sizes of ≈29 and 50 nm for FS annealed at 800 °C and 900 °C, respectively. Moreover, FS annealed at 700 °C exhibited a unique hierarchal structure with various pores system on multi-scales, larger surface area with roughness, lower luminescence, and better uniformity over FS 800 and 900 nanoproducts. FS 700 showed a superior degradation efficiency ≈100% at 10 min with a rate constant of 11.06 × 10−2 min−1 for the pollutant Congo Red dye at room temperature in complete darkness, obeying pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics. Also, FS 700 could catalyze the production rate of biogas yields from the biodegradation of green algae (Enteromorpha) over other products. The photocatalytic study of terephthalic acid hydroxylation revealed that the induced fluorescence intensity is highest for FS 700 and is time dependent, following zero-order reaction kinetics. Accordingly, this contribution can furnish a striking piece of evidence for adopting the present methodology as a novel approach not only for the synthesis of HNP with superior features in good yields for industrial scales but also as a green alternative to the widely-used conventional organic precursors, reducing the greenhouse gases and recycling the environmental egg wastes.