Family Perspective Research Articles

문헌고찰을 통해 살펴본 남성주부의 경험과 실천적 제언

This study examined the process of men becoming stay-at-home fathers and the rewards and costs experienced by stay-at-home fathers through a literature review from a family perspective in 12 published studies written in Korean and English. The results of the study are as follows. First, the process of men becoming at-home dads was the result of a reasonable choice based on the family’s tacit or direct agreement and a kind of family strategy at a time when there was a gap in care for preschool children. Second, the main rewards experienced since becoming at-home dads, namely, to promote intimacy and bond with their children, improve relationships with their wives, and to make their children more flexible in their thinking and more mature, were largely related to their families. Third, the costs of being an at-home dad were stigmatization, alienation and isolation, confusion of an identity as a man, and depression due to negative emotions and child-care burdens. Several major causes stemmed from the gender role stereotype implied in society. Practical suggestions to enhance services at Family Centers and other public policy support were discussed to strengthen stay-at-home fathers and their families.

Problems of Social Media and Their Relation to Family Disintegration: Perspectives from Families in Northern Jordan

Objectives: This study investigates the relationship between social media (SM) and family disintegration from the perspectives of Jordanian families in Irbid city, located in the north of Jordan. It explores this relationship in light of various variables, including gender, age, family's monthly income, and educational level.
 Methods: The study sample consisted of 294 fathers and mothers randomly chosen from Irbid city. A questionnaire was used as a means of data collection.
 Results: The study revealed that 63.6% of the sample confirmed a strong relationship between social media and the increasing cases of family disintegration in Jordanian society. Additionally, 50.7% of the participants reported the occurrence of family disintegration cases within their social environment. The participants believed that social media has contributed to higher divorce rates, marital disputes, domestic violence, spouse desertion, and poor marital and family relations. They also identified social media as a source of family instability, citing its role in generating conflicts within families, facilitating sexual deviations among children, promoting unhealthy marital relationships, contributing to children's disobedience towards their fathers, increasing rates of marital infidelity in both women and men, and undermining the moral and value system of Jordanian families.
 Conclusions: The study concluded that there were no statistically significant differences in the effects of social media on family disintegration based on gender, family's monthly income, and educational level. The study recommends raising awareness among families and society about the potential dangers associated with improper use of social media platforms.

Family perspectives on severe mental disorders and relapse prevention: a qualitative study

Background. The relapse of severe mental disorders is still quite high due to the lack of family knowledge in treating schizophrenic patients. The family treats and prevents the relapse of severe mental disorder by taking the sufferer to spiritual treatment, a shaman, being shackled (pasung) because of the assumption that the cause is evil from ghosts, magic, curses, and unbelief. Objective. The purpose of this study is to explore the experience of families preventing the relapse of severe mental disorders. Materials and Methods. This study is qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. The sampling was conducted by purposive sampling with 9 participants. Data were collected using semi-structured in-depth interviews with audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, validated, and analyzed based on Colaizzi’s method of data analysis. Results. Four themes were generated, including: i) the perception of severe mental illness; ii) the causes of relapse; iii) family prevention for severe mental disorders relapse; iv) relapse becomes helplessness and a burden on the family. Conclusions. Lack of family knowledge of severe mental disorders, prevention of relapse, and lack of social support causes helplessness and a burden on the family. Increased knowledge, coping skills, and support for families with Schizophrenia are very important to help relapse prevention and the burden that arises.

How do autistic severity and family functioning influence parental stress in caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder in China? The important role of parental self-efficacy.

Parental stress among primary caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a significant concern. While previous research indicates that both family and child factors substantially influence parental stress, a few studies have comprehensively examined these factors from family, parent, and child perspectives. Moreover, the psychological mechanisms underlying parental stress remain underexplored. This study obtained a valid sample of 478 primary caregivers of children diagnosed with ASD in China and employed mediation and moderated mediation analyses to investigate the relationships between family adaptability and cohesion (FAC), ASD severity, parental self-efficacy, and parental stress. Results revealed that higher FAC was linked to reduced parental stress through increased parental self-efficacy. The indirect effect of parental self-efficacy was more substantial for caregivers of children with severe symptoms than those with mild symptoms. These findings offer insights into how FAC influences parental stress and underscore the importance of parental self-efficacy as a coping resource for mitigating parental stress. This study provides valuable theoretical and practical implications for understanding and addressing parental stress, particularly in families raising children with ASD.

Study of Amy’s Female Consciousness in Alcott’s Little Women

Little Women is a semi-autobiographical novel written by American woman writer Louisa May Alcott (1832-1888). Characters and stories in books are mostly based on real people and events. It shows us the awakening of female consciousness in the Victorian age and the growing process of four sisters in an ordinary American family in the 19th century with different love, ideal and destination. This paper will study and analyze the role of Amy from the perspective of female consciousness. The first part introduces the writing background and main content of Little Women. The second part describes the literature review of Little Women at home and abroad, and briefly introduces the breakthrough point and results of the current research on little women. The third part studies Amy's female consciousness from the perspectives of marriage, career and family, and analyzes it through language and behavior. The fourth part is the conclusion, which briefly summarizes the embodiment of Amy's female consciousness awakening and the imperfection influenced by what factors, lists the reasons for the existence of this phenomenon and its reference and progressive significance for the development of feminism in the future.

Gender in mathematics: how gender role perception influences mathematical capability in junior high school

Based on the China Education Panel Survey, this study discusses how gender role perception influences the mathematical capability of female students from the multilevel perspectives of individual, family, school, and region. This study finds that the stereotypical view of gender roles held by students and parents has a significant impact on the mathematical capability of both sexes, with a positive effect on male students and a negative effect on female students. However, the threat of gender stereotypes does not have a negative impact on female students. In addition, the number and sex of children in the family and the local sex ratio have no significant impact on the mathematical capability of either male or female students. Therefore, the major factors affecting ‘females’ mathematics learning are the stereotypical views of the relationship between gender and mathematics held by female students and families rather than the tradition of favoring men over women.

What matters most to pediatric rheumatologists in deciding whether to discontinue biologics in a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis? A best-worst scaling survey.

Care for JIA patients has been transformed in the biologics era; however, biologics carry important (although rare) risks and are costly. Flares after biological withdrawal are seen frequently, yet there is little clinical guidance to identify which patients in clinical remission can safely have their biologic discontinued (by stopping or tapering). We examined what characteristics of the child or their context are important to pediatric rheumatologists when making the decision to discuss withdrawal of biologics. We conducted a survey including a best-worst scaling (BWS) exercise in pediatric rheumatologists who are part of the UCAN CAN-DU network to assess the relative importance of 14 previously identified characteristics. A balanced incomplete block design was used to generate choice tasks. Respondents evaluated 14 choice sets of 5 characteristics of a child with JIA and identified for each set which was the most and least important in the decision to offer withdrawal. Results were analyzed using conditional logit regression. Fifty-one (out of 79) pediatric rheumatologists participated (response rate 65%). The threemost important characteristics were how challenging it was to achieve remission, history of established joint damage, and time spent in remission. The threeleast important characteristics were history of temporomandibular joint involvement, accessibility of biologics, and the patient's age. These findings give quantitative insight about factors important to pediatric rheumatologists' decision-making about biologic withdrawal. In addition to high quality clinical evidence, further research is needed to understand the perspective of patients and families to inform shared decision-making about biologic withdrawal for JIA patients with clinically inactive disease. Key Points ● What is already known on this topic-there is limited clinical guidance for pediatric rheumatologists in making decisions about biologic withdrawal for patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis who are in clinical remission. ● What this study adds-this study quantitatively examined what characteristic of the child in clinical remission, or of their context, are most important to pediatric rheumatologists in deciding whether to offer withdrawal of biologics. ● How this study might affect research, practice or policy-understanding of these characteristics can provide useful information to other pediatric rheumatologists in making their decisions, and may guide areas to focus on for future research.

Patient Perceptions of Telehealth for Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Follow-up Study

ObjectivesThere was rapid uptake of pediatric diabetes telehealth at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and initial studies demonstrated good usability and satisfaction. As exposure to telehealth continued to increase during the pandemic, we aimed to determine changes in telehealth usability and changes in future preferences for telehealth care. MethodsA telehealth questionnaire was administered early in the pandemic and again more than 1 year later. Survey data were linked with a clinical data registry. A multivariable proportional odds logistic mixed-effects model was used to assess the association between exposure to telehealth and outcome of future preference for telehealth. Multivariable linear mixed-effects models were used to examine associations between exposure to early and later pandemic periods and the outcome of usability scores. ResultsSurvey response rate was 40%, with 87 early and 168 later period participants. Virtual visits increased from 46% to 92% of all telehealth visits. Virtual visits improved in “ease of use” (p=0.0013) and “satisfaction” (p=0.045); there were no improvements in telephone visits. The odds of indicating higher preference for more future telehealth visits was 5.1-fold higher in the later pandemic group (p=0.0298). Eighty percent of participants would like their future care to include telehealth visits. ConclusionsAt our tertiary diabetes centre, families’ desire for future telehealth care has increased during this 1-year period of additional telehealth exposure, and virtual care has now become the preferred option. This study provides important family perspectives that can help guide development of future diabetes clinical care.

Care Coordination and Transition Management: A New Course to Prepare Prelicensure Students.

There is a need for RNs to be skilled at coordinating care and improving transitions within and across a wide variety of clinical settings and in diverse populations. A care coordination and transition management (CCTM) course was developed to address this growing need. The course was designed to promote enhanced clinical reasoning as well as synthesis and application of CCTM concepts while focusing on the patient and family perspectives. Learning activities incorporated individual writing assignments, discussion board assignments, and a group project. Students demonstrated the application of CCTM concepts in individual and group assignments and used prior and current clinical experiences to connect theory to practice. This course helped preli-censure students learn and apply CCTM concepts. Learning activities within the CCTM course could be adapted to be effective in all forms of undergraduate programs as well as graduate nursing programs. [J Nurs Educ. 2023;62(8):471-474.].

Data Science and Precision Oncology Nursing: Creating an Analytic Ecosystem to Support Personalized Supportive Care across the Trajectory of Illness

The authors' objective is to present an overarching framework of an analytic ecosystem using diverse data domains and data science approaches that can be used and implemented across the cancer continuum. Analytic ecosystems can improve quality practices and offer enhanced anticipatory guidance in the era of precision oncology nursing. Published scientific articles supporting the development of a novel framework with a case exemplar to provide applied examples of current barriers in data integration and use. The combination of diverse data sets and data science analytic approaches has the potential to extend precision oncology nursing research and practice. Integration of this framework can be implemented within a learning health system where models can update as new data become available across the continuum of the cancer care trajectory. To date, data science approaches have been underused in extending personalized toxicity assessments, precision supportive care, and enhancing end-of-life care practices. Nurses and nurse scientists have a unique role in the convergence of data science applications to support precision oncology across the trajectory of illness. Nurses also have specific expertise in supportive care needs that have been dramatically underrepresented in existing data science approaches thus far. They also have a role in centering the patient and family perspectives and needs as these frameworks and analytic capabilities evolve.

Realizing homeliness in palliative care: inpatient and family perspectives on designing the built environment

This article reports 36 in-depth interviews with patients (n = 20) and family members of palliative care patients (n = 16), during an inpatient stay within one of four contemporary palliative care facilities. Interviews were conducted to understand how patients and families felt the built environment supported their experience of palliative care, and the ways that it did not. Over the past decade, a growing body of literature has sought to understand how architectural design can support wellbeing within palliative care settings. Yet, despite evidence that promotes the prioritization of privacy, homeliness, and nature, the sheer complexity of hospital procurement often results in compromises to the successful implementation of best design practice. Here we argue that a deeper understanding of what these environmental affordances mean to patients being treated for a terminal illness, and to their families, may encourage a necessary re-examination of the ease with which these provisions are compromised relative to considerations of risk, cost, or convenience (in building construction and/or maintenance). Importantly, our findings confirm that privacy, homeliness, and nature do not operate in isolation but in accord to shape experiences of palliative care.

What counts as patient-important upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the ICU? A mixed-methods study protocol of patient and family perspectives

IntroductionClinically important upper gastrointestinal bleeding is conventionally defined as bleeding accompanied by haemodynamic changes, requiring red blood cell transfusions or other invasive interventions. However, it is unclear if this clinical...

Parent and Provider Perspectives of a Hospital-Based Bereavement Support Program in Pediatric Palliative Care.

Bereavement is an individuated, nuanced experience, and its expression is different for each parent who has cared for a dying child. Evidence highlights support is valuable to navigate this loss. To evaluate a Bereavement Support Program from the perspectives of both families and service providers. A cross-sectional study design explored the experiences and perspectives of the benefits of various program components. Respondents were asked about accessing program components, their expectations, and parents were asked to rate the impact of program components on their grief on a scale from one, (no impact) to 100 (positive impact). Space for free text was provided throughout for additional feedback. The survey was distributed through mailing lists of parents known to the service, referring service providers, and advertised in the program newsletter. One hundred two respondents completed the survey and provided detailed comments about their experiences. Most interactions and program components were reported helpful by both parents and service providers. Parents (N=60) reported a positive impact on grief across all program components (median impact on grief range 81-98, Interquartile range 68.5-99). There were, however, a considerable number of respondents who were unaware of some components. Bereavement care to navigate the devastating loss of a child is of paramount importance and can offer significant and beneficial resources for families. Findings have supported service development in a major tertiary paediatric hospital facilitating improved access for families, particularly for those in regional and rural locations.

Nursing Home Resident, Family, and Staff Perspectives on Achieving Comfort at End of Life: A Qualitative Study.

Increasing numbers of US older adults die in long-term care facilities. This qualitative study explored nursing home resident, family member, and staff perspectives and preferences regarding end-of-life care for the resident. From 67 potential participants referred by staff, 47 were found eligible and consented, including 16 residents, 10 family members, and 20 staff. A semistructured questionnaire guided the interview process and included questions such as what matters most at the end of life and whether participants would opt for any of the 8 aggressive treatments proposed for a resident at the end of life. Data were analyzed using descriptive and pattern coding for thematic interpretation. The 3 themes that emerged were centrality of comfort, what matters most at the end of life, and promoting comfort. All participant groups overwhelmingly endorsed comfort as a priority. Some participants would accept aggressive treatment to alleviate suffering and promote comfort. Residents were concerned about the well-being of their families, whereas family members emphasized the importance of their presence and that their dying relatives were not suffering. Staff sometimes filled this role on their behalf. Ancillary staff emphasized bathing, dressing, and grooming the resident to preserve the resident's dignity. The results support comfort as a priority for care at the end of life and the need for more discussion to increase mutual agreement on goals of care and what promotes comfort for the resident and family.

Family Perspectives on the Complexities of Pursuing Integrated Employment for Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities.

The road to employment is not often easy for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Families know firsthand the complexities and challenges of obtaining employment for their members with extensive support needs. The purpose of this qualitative study was to identify the critical barriers they encounter in this important pursuit. We interviewed 60 parents (and other caregivers) whose family members with intellectual disability and/or autism had sought and/or obtained paid work. The difficulties they described were extensive and multifaceted. Specifically, participants identified 64 different barriers attributed to six primary areas: individuals, families, schools, service systems, workplaces, and communities. Their unique insights amplify the need for new approaches for promoting integrated employment. We offer recommendations for research and practice aimed at better understanding and ameliorating barriers to meaningful work for adults with IDD.

Protection Measures for Vulnerable Children and Adolescents. Psychosocial Perspective of Family and Residential care

El propósito de este artículo es analizar dos medidas de protección utilizadas con mayor frecuencia por los Estados, para la protección de los derechos vulnerados de la infancia y la adolescencia: familias de acogida y/o sustitutas, y programa residencial y/o internado. Se realizó una revisión teórica de la literatura iberoamericana de los últimos 7 años, que abordaban la discusión y reflexión sobre ambas modalidades de atención. Se encontró que las dos modalidades muestran similitudes y diferencias con relación a: causales de ingreso, procedimientos y funcionamiento para otorgar la atención. De igual forma, la revisión da cuenta que los cuidadores o profesionales que basan su atención en el acompañamiento, el afecto y la escucha, aportan no sólo a la integración de niños, niñas y adolescentes al contexto de atención institucional y familiar, sino también a su bienestar y desarrollo emocional.

Model Testing and Contribution of Antecedent Variable to Absolute Poverty: Low Income Family Perspective in Indonesia

Poverty is a classic problem that is never solved except with comprehensive efforts by looking at the problem from various perspectives. This study aims to analyze from the perspective of low-income families the role of short-term vision and uncontrolled consumption as antecedents of absolute poverty. This study used a quantitative approach, using SEM-Amos version 23. The population in this study was all low-income families in South Sulawesi, especially in six districts, namely Makassar City, Jeneponto District, Selayar Islands District, Bone District, North Luwu District, and North Toraja District. The sampling technique was random through 201 heads of households who filled out the questionnaire and were declared complete from low-income families in the six districts. The results of data analysis show that compared to short-term vision, uncontrolled consumption is an antecedent that has a major influence on increasing absolute poverty. This study’s results show a positive and significant contribution of short-term vision to uncontrolled consumption. Partially, uncontrolled consumption is also able to mediate the effect of short-term vision on absolute poverty. Family behavior can be an influential factor in increasing absolute poverty. The family’s ability to overcome internal and external obstacles will reduce the possibility of the family being trapped in absolute poverty.

Promoting Resilience in Early Childhood Education and Care to Prepare Children for a World of Change: A Critical Analysis of National and International Policy Documents.

In recent years, the sustainability crisis has raised interest in the concept of resilience, i.e., the capacity to persist, adapt, or transform in the face of change and challenge. However, to date, resilience has only been studied to a limited extent within early childhood education and care (ECEC). This paper reports on a study that used critical document analysis of national and international policies to explore if and how the concept of resilience within ECEC could contribute to sustainability in a world of rapid change. Five national and four international documents were analysed through the theoretical lenses of childism and place-based education. The results show that resilience is implicitly expressed in ECEC policies yet is rarely linked to sustainability issues. Instead, policies mainly limit resilience to the psychological dimension and the individual child. The conclusion is that ECEC is an apt context for supporting resilience in multiple ways. It suggests using a holistic understanding of resilience to advocate for ECEC policies that include diverse perspectives of families and local communities, incorporate indigenous voices, and recognise the interconnectedness between humans and the more-than-human world.

Risk factors associated with home care safety for older people with dementia: family caregivers’ perspectives

BackgroundMany older people with dementia currently prefer home care; however, homes are neither professionally designed nor regulated like health care facilities, and home care is more prone to safety incidents. Many studies have examined home care safety for older people with dementia. However, factors contributing to safety incidents in home care have not been adequately considered. This study explored the risk factors for home care safety for older people with dementia based on the perspective of family caregivers.MethodsThis study used a qualitative research approach; a total of 24 family caregivers were interviewed face-to-face and semi-structured from February 2022 to May 2022, and the Colaizzi seven-step phenomenological research method was used to analyze the data and refine the themes.ResultsSafety risks in home care for older people with dementia stem from five areas: poor health of older people with dementia, dementia symptoms, unsafe home environment, the insufficient caring ability of family caregivers, and lack of safety awareness of family caregivers.ConclusionThe risk factors for home care safety for older people with dementia are complex. And as the primary caregivers of older people with dementia, the caregiving ability and safety awareness of family caregivers primarily determine the safety of home care for older people with dementia. Therefore, when addressing home care safety for older people with dementia, the focus should be on providing targeted education programs and support services for family caregivers of older people with dementia.

Attention for and awareness of anemia in adolescents in Karnataka, India: A qualitative study.

Between 1990 and 2016 the number of adolescents with anemia world-wide increased by 20% to almost one in four. Iron deficiency in adolescence results in compromised growth, decreased cognitive function, and depressed immune function, and can increase the risk of negative outcomes in pregnancy, especially in the case of young adolescents. In India, despite several decades of governmental investment in anemia prevention and treatment, more than half of women of reproductive age are anemic, with rates even higher in the adolescent population. Although awareness of adolescence as a nutrition-sensitive developmental stage is increasing, there is a lack of qualitative research on the perspectives of adolescents and families on anemia and related services. In this study, we explored the issues influencing adolescents' awareness of anemia in three rural areas of Karnataka. Sixty-four in-depth interviews and six focus group discussions were conducted with adolescents (those who had never been pregnant, pregnant adolescents, and young mothers), community members, and nutrition-related service providers in the health and education sectors. An inductive analytical approach was used. We found that adolescent girls, particularly those who have not experienced pregnancy or motherhood, had very low awareness of anemia. State programs including school-based distribution of iron and folic acid supplements and nutrition talks were not seen to be resulting in knowledge and acceptance of the importance of preventing anemia. Pregnancy represents a turning point in which adolescents are systematically tested for anemia as part of routine antenatal care, increasing their awareness of, and access to, treatment for the condition. At the same time, pregnancy represents to family and community a period to insist on a nutritious diet. For progress in anemia reduction to be made, improved age-appropriate measures specific for adolescence are required. Improving school-based nutrition outreach is an important opportunity to reach adolescents.