Expert Perspectives Research Articles

Clinical Practice Recommendations for the Use of Next-Generation Sequencing in Patients with Solid Cancer: A Joint Report from KSMO and KSP.

In recent years, next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based genetic testing has become crucial in cancer care. While its primary objective is to identify actionable genetic alterations to guide treatment decisions, its scope has broadened to encompass aiding in pathological diagnosis and exploring resistance mechanisms. With the ongoing expansion in NGS application and reliance, a compelling necessity arises for expert consensus on its application in solid cancers. To address this demand, the forthcoming recommendations not only provide pragmatic guidance for the clinical use of NGS but also systematically classify actionable genes based on specific cancer types. Additionally, these recommendations will incorporate expert perspectives on crucial biomarkers, ensuring informed decisions regarding circulating tumor DNA panel testing.

Experts' Perspectives on the Current Practices and Gaps in the Management of Dyslipidemia: A Report from The United Arab Emirates

<P>Background: The prevalence of dyslipidemia in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) can be as high as 72.5%. Patients with dyslipidemia usually present with other metabolic risk factors, increasing their risk of acute cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Despite these alarming findings, local data regarding management practices in the UAE are lacking. The current report gathered the perspectives of experts from the UAE regarding the burden and current practices in managing dyslipidemia, as well as the current unmet needs and treatment gaps. <P> Methods: The present perspective is based on a consensus meeting that gathered the insights of six consultant cardiologists. All experts were affiliated with academic institutions representing the UAE's different geographical areas. <P> Findings and Conclusion: Data regarding the prevalence of dyslipidemia in the UAE and its associated ethnic differences are lacking. It is suggested that there needs to be more adherence to international recommendations for screening lipid profiles in primary care centers, which may lead to underestimating the burden of dyslipidemia. As CVD presents at a younger age in the UAE, screening for lipid profile at 35 is recommended, regardless of CVD risk. The panel emphasized that most dyslipidemia patients in the UAE are categorized as high or very high-risk groups for CVD; however, current risk assessment tools have not been validated in the UAE population and may not be tailored to the Middle Eastern and Asian populations. International guidelines have recommended the high-intensity statins-ezetimibe combination for high and very high-risk patients; the experts stated that the high-intensity statins-ezetimibe combination could be initiated in high-risk groups in the UAE. Several barriers to effectively controlling dyslipidemia in the UAE have been identified, including non-adherence, limited awareness about screening and management recommendations, and physician inertia toward achieving the recommended therapeutic goals.</P>

Determination of the most appropriate fertilizing method for apple trees using multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches.

Appropriate tree fertilization with essential nutrients is considered as one of the major factors in enhancing the quality and quantity of horticultural crops. The most efficient way to fertilize trees is to dig holes around the trunks and fill them with appropriate chemical and organic fertilizer. Doing this operation with mechanized methods reduces costs and increases productivity compared to traditional methods. In the present study, multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods, including deterministic analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP), technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), fuzzy TOPSIS (FTOPSIS), and analytic network process (ANP), were used to score and select the appropriate fertilizing method for apple trees based on the growers and expert's perspectives. The criteria, including fertilizing operation cost, crop yield, the percentage of tree damages, ease of entering and moving fertilizing equipment in tree rows, field capacity (with or without machinery), comfort and safety of fertilizing operations, after-sales service, access to the required machinery and implements, crop selling price, and crop quality, were used in the above-mentioned methods. The fertilization methods (Hole digging) considered in the present study were traditional fertilization (Shovel), orchard Trencher, motor hole digger, fixed centerline tractor-mounted hole digger, and off-set tractor-mounted hole digger. Based on the results, the priority of mechanized fertilizing methods was determined as tractor-mounted hole diggers (AHP weight of 0.286, FAHP weight of 0.285, TOPSIS relative proximity of 0.65, and FTOPSIS relative proximity of 0.64), fixed centerline tractor-mounted hole diggers (AHP weight of 0.219, FAHP weight of 0.158, TOPSIS relative proximity of 0.56, and FTOPSIS relative proximity of 0.62), motor hole diggers (AHP weight of 0.171, FAHP weight of 0.079, TOPSIS relative proximity of 0.46, and FTOPSIS relative proximity of 0.31), and orchard trenchers (AHP weight of 0.12, FAHP weight of 0.057, TOPSIS relative proximity of 0.19, and FTOPSIS relative proximity of 0.20), respectively. Based on the ANP method, off-set and fixed centerline tractor-mounted hole diggers had the highest priority (weights of 0.43 and 0.27), followed by trencher (weight of 0.16), motor hole diggers (weight of 0.09), and the traditional method (weight of 0.04). Results showed that applying orchard tractors equipped with mounted diggers, especially off-set types, can play an important role in enhancing the quantity and quality of apples produced, as well as reducing the costs of fertilizing operations.

Research on the selection of cognitive diagnosis model from the perspective of experts

Research on the selection of cognitive diagnosis model from the perspective of experts

Sustainable food waste management in supermarkets

Food waste represents a significant burden to waste management systems, exacerbating food insecurity and contributing to global pollution, climate change, and biodiversity loss. Supermarkets bear partial responsibility for food waste, yet their sustainability efforts could also contribute to a solution. The present work aims at evaluating a sustainable approach to food waste management within supermarkets. To this end, we conducted a multi-criteria analysis, incorporating the perspectives of academic experts and 505 Italian consumers. Experts deemed residual value apps the most sustainable solution for food waste management in supermarkets, while also emphasising the influence of price and brand image. The consumer analysis corroborated these results. Specifically, consumers expressed a willingness to pay 36 % less for a bag of goods set to expire within 2–3 days, which increased to 60 % for goods set to expire within 24 h. The findings point to opportunities for mutual benefit between consumers and suppliers when food waste is effectively managed in store, thereby highlighting the need for further, product-focused research.

Metaverse for service industries: Future applications, opportunities, challenges and research directions

Although the metaverse is still in the early stages of development and implementation, it has the potential to revolutionize the way how businesses can interact with customers through both the virtual and real world. In particular, service industries are already exploring the opportunity to utilize the metaverse to provide more immersive, interactive and engaging customer experiences. However, the holistic overview of the future applications, opportunities, and challenges of a metaverse in the context of service industries from academic and expert perspectives is limited. By employing a multi-perspective approach, this study looks into these unexplored aspects of the metaverse in the context of service industries through informed and multifaceted narratives by leading academics and experts from cross-disciplinary backgrounds from media and communication, education, hospitality, financial services, retail, tourism and healthcare. The main opportunities identified include the development of new experiences, the introduction of novel inter-world interactions, and new business-consumer relations within the metaverse. The key challenges covered include current technological boundaries, limitations of the experiences in the metaverse, health issues, and data privacy, security, and legal issues. The paper concludes with formulating future research agendas and presenting contributions to literature and implications for practice.

Opportunistic identification of atrial fibrillation during unscheduled contact with emergency ambulance services in England: a qualitative exploration

Abstract Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an important risk factor for stroke which commonly affects people attended by Emergency Medical Services (EMS). There may be an opportunity for. EMS clinicians to find new incidental cases of AF suitable for oral anticoagulation (OAC) amongst the population who do not require conveyance to hospital following urgent ambulance review. Purpose This study explored whether it was acceptable to propose a formal pathway for identification and subsequent referral of non-conveyed EMS patients with incidental AF to their general practitioner (GP) for consideration of OAC prescription. The perspectives of patients, paramedics, and field experts were included. Methods This qualitative study included four online focus groups involving 18 members of the public and one-to-one online interviews in England with 11 health care and service providers (6 paramedics, 5 field experts providing multiple expertise in cardiology, general practice, public health, academic research, healthcare policy, and primary care commissioning) between June and September 2022. A semi-structured topic guide was used, with purposive sampling to maximise the diversity of perspective and experience in all participant groups. Data were audio-recorded, transcribed anonymously and analysed thematically. Results All participant groups supported formalising the opportunistic detection of AF during EMS review, but each had concerns and caveats. Of paramount concern to all groups was that any change in practice must not create delays in the emergency response system since incidental AF is non-urgent and other community pathways are in place for detection and management. Public participants were also concerned about how the diagnosis would be communicated to the patient, and opinion was split between whether this should be ‘on the scene’ or in a subsequent GP appointment. Paramedics reported that they frequently identify incidental AF, but that there is variation in practice regarding whether (and how) this is communicated to the GP. There was a concern that the finding of AF was not easily visible within the existing EMS report and may be missed. Paramedics also focussed on safety-netting of patients not being conveyed to hospital and of a need for an ‘active’ reporting process to ensure that the finding of AF was acted upon. In general, field experts felt that a formal pathway would be useful but relatively low impact, and favoured a simple intervention that did not overly complicate existing AF pathways. Conclusions There is support amongst the public and professionals for the development of a formal pathway to ensure ongoing follow-up and care for people with AF incidentally detected in the community by EMS. This novel case finding opportunity has the potential to improve AF detection, oral anticoagulation rates, and reduce the risk of stroke.

Bridging the gap: Using CHNRI to align migration health research priorities in India with local expertise and global perspectives.

Migration and health are increasingly recognised as a global public health priority, but concerns have been raised on the skewed nature of current research and the potential disconnect between health needs and policy and governance responses. The Migration Health South Asia (MiHSA) network led the first systematic research priority-setting exercise for India, aligned with the global call to develop a clearly defined migration health research agenda that will inform research investments and guide migrant-responsive policies by the year 2030. We adapted the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI) method for this priority setting exercise for migration health. Guided by advisory groups established at international and country levels, we sought research topics from 51 experts from diverse disciplines and sectors across India. We consolidated 223 responses into 59 research topics across five themes and scored them against five predefined criteria: answerability, effectiveness, feasibility, impact, and effect on equity. We then calculated research priority scores (RPS) and average expert agreement (AEA) each research topic and theme. A third of the 59 research topics were on migrants' health and health care access, 12 on social determinants of migrants' health, 10 on policies, law and migration health governance, eight on health systems' responsiveness, and five on migration health discourse. Three of the top five priority topics pertained to migrants' health care access. The policies, law, and governance theme had the highest overall RPS score. There is a noticeable gap between research priorities identified by experts at the country-level and the current research focus and priorities set globally. This disconnect between the global and local perspectives in migration health scholarship hinders the development of context-specific and suitable policy agendas for improving migrants' health. Our co-developed agenda emphasises the need to prioritise research on the capacity of existing systems and policies so as to make them more migration-aware and responsive to migrants' health needs.

Redefining Strategic Management:

This article discusses strategic management from the perspectives of various experts in the area as well as from the perspectives of foundational strategic management theories and tools. Current issues are discussed which require strategists to expand their thinking about items which are relevant to the strategic management of their respective organizations. Part of this article is descriptive based on research relating to strategic management experts, theories, and tools. The rest of the article explains in detail the 5P's Leadership Model (which was created by one of the authors) so that it can be used by both academicians and organizational leaders. The 5Ps Strategic Leadership Model is introduced as complementary to many of the foundational theories of strategic management. It positively contributes to the strategic management academic discipline because it includes required organizational elements which must be aligned to ensure successful strategic management of an organization. We observe that the 5Ps Strategic Leadership Model positively contributes to the strategic management academic discipline and to the practitioners’ need for assistance in the execution of strategic plans.

Digitalising Public Administration for Sustainable Development

Since their independence from colonial rules in the late 1950s and early 1960s, most countries in African continent have been sleepwalking in developmental realm due to a myriad of human security threats including internal conflicts, military dictatorships, public sector corruption and generational poverty among others. Consequently, the continent, in sharp contrast to others, failed to achieve some of the eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) set by the comity of nations at the turn of the 21st century. As all the African states pledged unwavering commitment to achieving other sets of global goals—the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set in 2015, —concerns over their actual capacity to achieve them by the target year (2030) are being raised. This is because they not only epitomise most of the challenges being confronted but also lag far behind in the global race for digitalisation, precipitated by 21st century digital revolution and widely regarded as an essential driver in governments efforts towards achieving national objectives. Using desk review of secondary data, this paper examines the instrumentality of digital technologies to the achievement of sustainable development in Africa, with specific reference to Nigeria. The SDGs serve as the basis for the analysis while system theory, emancipatory realism and Digital Era Governance model among other scholarly and expert perspectives provide reasoned lines of explanation. The paper concludes that digital technology is an indispensable mechanism to the achievement of sustainable development. It recommends that while curbing corruption and insecurity are considered Nigeria’s developmental priority, digital technologies should be used to accelerate their achievement and other lofty ideals.

‘What we lacked was the courage to take decisions that differed from the rest of the world’: expert perspectives on the role of evidence in COVID-19 policymaking in Iraq

IntroductionIraq reported its first COVID-19 case on 24 February 2020 and formed a national committee and advisory committees to support its response. While global experts have suggested that the COVID-19...

Intentional, bold leadership for a modern, gender-balanced hydrospatial workforce

This Note joins the conversation of the IHO Empowering Women in Hydrography and Women in the Hydrospatial domain (Hains et al., 2022) in a broader sense, elevating key points and commonalities with the goal of contributing value by taking the position that the pursuit of Gender Balance is a Leadership issue – not a “Women” issue – that must be addressed to succeed as a 21st Century organization. Successful gender-balanced efforts are underway in the global Hydrospatial community, and these models can be leveraged as a communal map for progress in this realm. Lastly, this note offers a simple synthesis of expert perspectives on necessary leadership steps and strategies for achieving business or professional goals with a gender-balanced team.

시민교육 관점에서 본 교권

Objectives The purpose of this study is to discuss the legal nature of teaching rights based on educational ex-pertise and to discuss ways to restore teaching rights from a civic education perspective.
 Methods For this purpose, reviewed the legislative status of education-related laws to protect teaching rights and analyzed their limitations. Regarding its limitations, the question was raised, ‘Is teaching authority an object of protection?’ In addition, teaching authority was reviewed from the perspective of educational expertise.
 Results As a result, the recent legislation to protect teaching rights was seen as a passive legislation that strengthens the responsibilities and obligations of students and parents, rather than a legislative measure to strengthen the legal status or authority of teachers.
 Conclusions Accordingly, from the perspective of civic education, this article strengthens the authority and au-thority of teachers from objects of protection to subjects of educational expertise, and emphasizes the establish-ment of a democratic and human rights-friendly school culture.

MA03.09 Embedding Smoking Cessation into a Potential Lung Cancer Screening Program: Australian Tobacco Control Expert Perspectives

MA03.09 Embedding Smoking Cessation into a Potential Lung Cancer Screening Program: Australian Tobacco Control Expert Perspectives

Zaken Cabinet Map and Presidential Prerogrative in the Perspective of Multiparty Presidential System in Indonesia

Constitutionally, the system of government chosen by the Indonesian people is a presidential system with a multiparty system. This system of government makes the President shackled by political parties when he wants to arrange the cabinet, which is his prerogative. This article will discuss the problem of how the zaken cabinet map of the multiparty presidential system in the perspective of scientific expertise or scientific approach/expertise approach can ve implemented side by side with the interests of coalition political parties in Indonesia. By using normative juridical analysis, it is concluded that the zaken cabinet map of the multiparty presidential system in the perspecive of scientific expertise or scientific approach/expertise approach can be implemented side by side with the interset of coalition political parties in Indonesia with minimum ratio of 32,35% (Thirty-two point thirty-five percent) filled by experts/professionals and the rest can be left to the political parties supporting the president / vice president as a manifestation of “political rewards”

Determining Supporting Factors For Green Purchase Intentions In Agro-Industrial Products With The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)

Environmental awareness surged globally and in Indonesia recently, sparking interest in eco-friendly products like Oatside oat milk. To leverage this trend, understanding green purchase intentions, which represent consumers' desire to buy environmentally friendly products, is crucial. Identifying factors that influence these intentions can offer valuable insights for businesses seeking to emulate Oatside's success in Indonesia. This research adopted a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative methods to uncover these factors from the perspectives of environmental experts and consumers. The study aims to support the growth of environmentally friendly agro-industrial products and sustainable consumption. The methodology involved interviews with five experts, expert-based weight and rank assessments using the Analytical Hierarchy Process, and validation through consumer ranking questionnaires. Fifteen factors supporting green purchase intentions for agro-industrial products emerged, including taste, product design, durability, raw materials, recyclable packaging, carbon footprint, waste management, social impact, curiosity, word of mouth, environmental concerns, knowledge, social influence, price perception, and self-image. Experts emphasized environmental knowledge (weight: 0.141), waste handling (weight: 0.124), and carbon footprint (weight: 0.101) as most important. Conversely, consumers prioritized taste, design, and curiosity. Some factors, like raw materials, durability, social influence, and self-image, held consistent importance for both groups. Notably, environmental knowledge exhibited a significant disparity in ranking, ranking first for experts but twelfth for consumers.

Conceptualisation of Emotions

The objective of this article is the conceptualisation, in line with Steven Gordon’s classification, of primary emotions: happiness, fear, sadness, and anger, together with “background emotions,” and social emotions: empathy, compassion (and self-conscious emotions: a sense of guilt, shame, pride) in social sciences, with the underlying assumption of biological foundations and cultural conditions of emotions (the theory of “cultural scripts” by Norbert Elias, “feeling rules” by Arlie Hochschild). Theoretical conceptualisations of emotions are presented, viewed from the perspective of anthropologists, cultural experts, sociologists, psychologists and linguists. What is offered are descriptions of manifestations of emotions, ways of their expression, physical symptoms, degrees of intensity, crucial areas, mental and physical consequences, as well as their functions.

Sleep Pathologies and Eating Disorders: A Crossroad for Neurology, Psychiatry and Nutrition.

The intricate connection between eating behaviors and sleep habits is often overlooked in clinical practice, despite their profound interdependence. Sleep plays a key role in modulating psychological, hormonal and metabolic balance and exerting an influence on food choices. Conversely, various eating disorders may affect sleep continuity, sometimes promoting the development of sleep pathologies. Neurologists, nutritionists and psychiatrists tend to focus on these issues separately, resulting in a failure to recognize the full extent of the clinical conditions. This detrimental separation can lead to underestimation, misdiagnosis and inappropriate therapeutic interventions. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of the tangled relationship between sleep, sleep pathologies and eating disorders, by incorporating the perspective of sleep experts, psychologists and psychiatrists. Our goal is to identify a practical crossroad integrating the expertise of all the involved specialists.

Digital Connecting for Health, an Open Platform Based on Data Integration and Standards to Adopt Digital and Telehealth Solutions in the Healthcare Ecosystem.

The paper presents a collaborative approach employed to identify and examine the obstacles faced by telehealth solutions. The study involved the active participation of health start-ups, telehealth providers, and healthcare professionals delivering telehealth services. By harnessing the collective expertise and diverse perspectives of these stakeholders, the research led to develop an open platform, entitled Digital Connecting for Health, that has the potential to overcome the challenges impeding the widespread adoption and effectiveness of digital health services including telehealth in delivery of care. The developed platform shed light on various obstacles faced by telehealth solutions and provide valuable infrastructures for enhancing the implementation and efficacy of various digital health solutions, including telehealth applications, from various providers.

Systems-Based Practice: Expert Perspectives on the Origin and Evolution of an Ambiguous Competency.

Systems-based practice (SBP) has been a core competency in graduate medical education in the United States since 1999, but it has been difficult to operationalize in residency programs due to its conceptual ambiguity. The authors explored the historical origin and subsequent development of the SBP competency from the perspective of individuals who were influential across critical phases of its implementation and ensuing development. The goal of this study was to elicit the history of SBP from the perspective of individuals who have expertise in it, and to use those findings to inform the current SBP construct. Between March and July 2021, 24 physicians, nurses, educators, and leaders in the field of SBP were individually interviewed about the origin and meaning of SBP as practiced in U.S. medical education using a semistructured guide. Individuals were selected based upon their influence on the origin or evolution of the SBP competency. Data were iteratively collected and analyzed using real-time analytic memos, regular adjudication sessions with the research team, and thematic analysis. Researchers identified themes from participants' perspectives and agreed upon the final results and quotations. Five themes were identified: SBP has many different definitions, SBP was intentionally designed to be vague, systems thinking was identified as the foundation of the SBP competency, the 6 core competencies established in the United States by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education were developed to be interdependent, and the SBP and practice-based learning and improvement competencies are uniquely related and synergistic. Interview data indicate that since its inception, SBP has been a nuanced and complex competency, resulting in a lack of mutually shared understanding among stakeholders. This deliberate historical examination of expert perspectives provides insight into specific areas for improving how SBP is taught and learned.