Expert Perspectives Research Articles

Neurodiversity in organizational management in Poland – expert perspective

Neurodiversity in organizational management in Poland – expert perspective

Integrating behavioral assessment in instructional design for competency-based medical education.

As institutions continuously strive to align with the standards set forth within competency-based medical education, there is an increased need to produce evidence of learner achievement in the form of observable behaviors. However, the complexity of healthcare education and clinical environments make it challenging to generate valid and reliable behavioral assessments. In this article, we utilize our interdisciplinary knowledge from the perspectives of experts in medical education, assessment, and academic administration to provide tips to successfully incorporate behavioral assessments into instructional designs. These include tips for identifying the best assessment methods fit for purpose, guiding instructors in establishing boundaries of assessment, managing instructors, selecting raters, generating behavioral assessment guides, training raters, ensuring logistics support assessment strategies, and fostering capacity for iteration. These can be used by institutions to improve planning and implementation for longitudinal behavioral assessments.

Early involvement of stakeholders in mobility-related projects

Early involvement of stakeholders could help identifying potential difficulties and providing input during the development period. The involvement of stakeholders is a key criterion for sustainable urban transportation planning. Stakeholders should be able to express their opinions and concerns while also contributing creative and innovative solutions to transportation issues. Therefore, the study’s goal is to give a voice to stakeholders who are generally mute or are not participating in the early planning stages (non-expert citizens). Semi-structured interviews were conducted over a two-week period, in addition to observations of mobility patterns and street talks. The analysis is conducted in response to the following research question: How early involvement of stakeholders in mobility-related projects might aid in the development of methodologies and strategies for enhanced active mobility with a case study in Trondheim city. The results are presented from three perspectives: active mobility obstacles in the Elgeseter district, active mobility drivers in the Elgeseter district, and viable solutions as perceived from the perspectives of experts and non-expert citizens. Based on the findings, comprehensive planning procedures covering everything from land use to municipal infrastructure design will be required. Such techniques are required to persuade people to use green, sustainable modes of transportation as a lifestyle choice rather than a legal requirement and involving citizens in project development at an early stage can be extremely effective in this regard. The study contributes to our understanding of the factors influencing commuters’ desire to engage in early phase of mobility related projects.

The Impact of Audience Media Literacy on Combating Fake News from the Perspective of Experts

The Impact of Audience Media Literacy on Combating Fake News from the Perspective of Experts

Identifying Challenges and Opportunities of Virtual Education from the Perspective of Experts

Identifying Challenges and Opportunities of Virtual Education from the Perspective of Experts

Expert perspectives on the use of a triple combination of voglibose, glimepiride and metformin for the management of diabetes in Indian settings

Expert perspectives on the use of a triple combination of voglibose, glimepiride and metformin for the management of diabetes in Indian settings

Designing sustainable mobile weight management applications: information technology (IT) experts perspectives.

Weight management mobile applications have become increasingly popular as a tool for individuals to achieve their weight loss goals. However, key challenges with mobile weight management applications are sustaining user engagement and promoting long-term behavior change. This study examines the key functions and features of weight management mobile applications from the viewpoint of information technology (IT) experts. We have developed a framework that outlines the optimal design strategies for mobile apps to support sustainable weight management. We conducted face-to-face interviews with five experts to evaluate and give input on the proposed framework. Eight specialized functionalities have been categorized and defined based on initial framework system features and recommended features based on experts' feedback: (I) customization; (II) usability; (III) integration; (IV) online support; (V) tracking; (VI) nutrition database; (VII) gamification; and (VIII) notification. In addition, common functionalities were identified as (I) registration/sign in; (II) data privacy; (III) security; and (IV) user feedback. An online discussion indicates the system functionality in four themes: (I) configuration; (II) data analytics; (III) support/performance; and (IV) platform: iOS, Android, Native. These functionalities and features will be incorporated into a framework to design mobile applications for sustainable weight management. Also, to be part of user interface development for the user experience experiments.

Cancer-associated Thrombosis in Vietnam: Literature Review and Expert Perspectives

Cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) is a substantial burden and an emerging topic of great interest in Vietnam. The management of CAT is complex, with several challenges, including a high risk of bleeding and thrombosis, treatment burden, and low treatment motivation due to the short life expectancy of patients. Another challenge in CAT management is the low awareness among local physicians regarding CAT. The introduction of direct oral anticoagulants, which offer a better risk–benefit profile compared to conventional anticoagulation, has brought about a revolution in CAT management. To address these challenges, a group of 14 experts, including cardiologists and oncologists, convened in January 2023 to discuss and provide comprehensive information on CAT management in Vietnam, along with recommendations to optimize clinical outcomes. This review will encompass the available evidence in the medical literature and the expert opinions derived from the meeting.

Expert perspectives and practices on the clinical use of cilnidipine + telmisartan in the management of hypertension with comorbid diabetes in Indian settings

Expert perspectives and practices on the clinical use of cilnidipine + telmisartan in the management of hypertension with comorbid diabetes in Indian settings

System Usability Scale Validation from The Expert Perspective

The System Usability Scale (SUS) is a well-known method for quickly evaluating usability. Although SUS corresponds more strongly with user preference, quantitative data like SUS score is challenging to express in absolute terms. Therefore, the research aims to explore the validity of SUS evaluation results of an e-budgeting system from the expert perspective. With a comparative study approach, the research compared each of the 10 SUS indicators’ scores with the result of the qualitative usability evaluation. Data were obtained from three usability experts, who conducted Nielsen’s heuristic evaluation, the SUS measurement, and interviews. The research obtained two main findings. Firstly, no entirely valid scores of SUS indicators were found from three usability evaluations of the three usability experts. Secondly, only the score of ease of use shows significant relevance to the heuristic evaluation and interview result. Those findings may provide new insights when evaluating usability.

Expert perspectives on the changing dynamics of policy advisory systems: the COVID-19 crisis and policy learning in Belgium and Australia

Expert advice played a pivotal role in shaping the COVID-19 policy responses of different countries. Such measures had wide ranging impacts beyond health, including education, economy, law, and other societal aspects. Thus, analysis of how expertise was utilised and adjusted to adapt to changes during the crisis can draw valuable insights into how to better prepare policy advisory systems to respond to future crises. Here we examine the dynamics of COVID-19 policy advisory systems in Belgium and Australia through interviews with 34 experts directly involved during the first two years of the crisis. We examine the temporal changes in how expert advice was sought, provided, and utilised for crisis decision-making, and the various expert groupings and their relationships over time. In both countries, there was policy learning and adjustment, signalled primarily by an expansion in the breadth of perceived relevant expertise as the scope was re-framed from a ‘health’ crisis to an all-encompassing socio-economic crisis. In Australia, policy responses were shaped by a relatively cohesive inter-governmental group of senior health bureaucrats who became gatekeepers of the evidence presented to state and federal government leaders in the National Cabinet. In Belgium, the more fragmented and changing array of advisory groups reflected tensions within crisis management arrangements, resulting in divergent expert opinions both within the formal advisory groups and in the public realm throughout the crisis. Our findings build on the policy advisory systems and policy learning literature and suggest that more adaptive frameworks and principles be developed for specific contexts.

Expert Perspectives on Reproductive Health Awareness, Comprehensive Analysis of Reproductive Health Components Among Women in Diverse Employment Settings in Georgia

Expert Perspectives on Reproductive Health Awareness, Comprehensive Analysis of Reproductive Health Components Among Women in Diverse Employment Settings in Georgia

Expert perspectives on the prescription practice of artificial tears for the management of dry eye disease in Indian settings

Expert perspectives on the prescription practice of artificial tears for the management of dry eye disease in Indian settings

Specific collagen peptides in osteoporosis management: Unraveling therapeutic potential through expert perspectives and scientific insights

Specific collagen peptides in osteoporosis management: Unraveling therapeutic potential through expert perspectives and scientific insights

Exploring Challenges Faced by Secondary School Students in Understanding Taxation: An Expert Perspective Using the Nominal Group Technique

Taxation is financial knowledge that all workers in various sectors worldwide need to know. The introduction of the subject of taxation in several countries is aimed at increasing the understanding of students who are future workers to increase awareness among young people. This study explores the challenges faced by secondary school students in understanding taxation concepts, using the Nominal Group Technique (NGT) to gather insights from expert mathematic teachers. Through learning, students tend to struggle to comprehend various important tax laws and procedures. Although tax education is vital for enhancing future tax obedience, a major difficulty arises from the fact that while the topics mentioned above are covered in the Malaysian secondary school curriculum, basic financial literacy is low, and tax content is rather abstract. Based on NGT sessions, five experienced teachers with more than fifteen years of teaching experience in mathematics at the tertiary level engaged themselves in finding out the issues and challenges of the students. The discoveries identified eight significant areas of challenge in regard to the concepts of tax, and these were due to the difficulty in understanding more conceptuality, inadequate focused curriculum and mode of delivery by lecturers/facilitators, and lack of adequate interactivity in the teaching process. Therefore, this research emphasizes the need to provide systematic financial literacy training and to supplement the curriculum with attention-grabbing examples that would make the students more interested in taxation.

Evaluating variable selection methods for multivariable regression models: A simulation study protocol.

Researchers often perform data-driven variable selection when modeling the associations between an outcome and multiple independent variables in regression analysis. Variable selection may improve the interpretability, parsimony and/or predictive accuracy of a model. Yet variable selection can also have negative consequences, such as false exclusion of important variables or inclusion of noise variables, biased estimation of regression coefficients, underestimated standard errors and invalid confidence intervals, as well as model instability. While the potential advantages and disadvantages of variable selection have been discussed in the literature for decades, few large-scale simulation studies have neutrally compared data-driven variable selection methods with respect to their consequences for the resulting models. We present the protocol for a simulation study that will evaluate different variable selection methods: forward selection, stepwise forward selection, backward elimination, augmented backward elimination, univariable selection, univariable selection followed by backward elimination, and penalized likelihood approaches (Lasso, relaxed Lasso, adaptive Lasso). These methods will be compared with respect to false inclusion and/or exclusion of variables, consequences on bias and variance of the estimated regression coefficients, the validity of the confidence intervals for the coefficients, the accuracy of the estimated variable importance ranking, and the predictive performance of the selected models. We consider both linear and logistic regression in a low-dimensional setting (20 independent variables with 10 true predictors and 10 noise variables). The simulation will be based on real-world data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Publishing this study protocol ahead of performing the simulation increases transparency and allows integrating the perspective of other experts into the study design.

Consensus for the Development of a New Early Warning Score for Predicting Patients' Clinical Deterioration in Angola: A Delphi Study.

Background: Nearly 30 years since its inception, the early warning scores (EWSs) remain pivotal, yet variations have emerged for hospital and prehospital use. Aggregated scores, reflecting multiple physiological parameters, outperform single-parameter systems in assessing acute illness severity, though consensus on optimal approaches is lacking. Resource-limited countries, including Angola, lack adapted EWSs, emphasizing the need for cost-effective and adaptable solutions to enhance patient care. Objective: To explore the perspectives of Angolan experts to identify physiological parameters suitable for incorporation into existing EWSs, allowing the development of a new tool adjusted to the healthcare context in Angola. Methods: We conducted a three-round Delphi survey, engaging a national expert panel comprising twenty-five physicians and nurses with expertise in internal medicine, surgery, emergency rooms, intensive care units, and/or teachers at universities or at teaching courses in these fields. Participants were asked to rate items using a five-point Likert scale. Consensus was achieved if the items received a rating ≥ 80% from the panel. Results: Consensus was evident for the inclusion of standard physiological parameters, such as systolic blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature, oxygen saturation, neurological status, and the presence or absence of supplemental oxygen. Furthermore, there was consensus for the consideration of specific items, namely, seizures, jaundice, cyanosis, capillary refill time, and pain-typically not included in the current EWSs. Consensus was reached regarding the exclusion of both oxygen saturation and temperature measurements in healthcare settings where oximeters and thermometers might not be readily available. Conclusion: Angolan experts were able to identify the physiological parameters suitable for incorporation into the basic EWSs. Further study must be conducted to test and validate the impact of the newly suggested vital parameters on the discriminant and predictive capability of a new aggregated model specifically adjusted to the Angolan healthcare setting.

Navigating Online Privacy: Insights from Cybersecurity Expert

A study demonstrates that ICT users' frequent online privacy concerns are not always reflected in their online activity. It is yet unclear if those with knowledge of cybersecurity and online privacy would exhibit comparable discrepancies between their worries and their behaviors, despite the fact that the majority of the study focuses on average users. Twenty cybersecurity and privacy professionals were subsequently polled about their opinions on mobile application privacy. It was discovered that these specialists, despite having extensive technical knowledge, had attitudes and actions that were similar to those of common users. In this article, three important aspects of online privacy are discussed, including the experience, understanding, and assessment of privacy online, as well as the differences between fundamental and pragmatic approaches to privacy online. This discussion is from the perspective of a cybersecurity expert and is based on structured interviews with five cybersecurity experts. Although this study has its limits, the findings offer insightful information and useful suggestions for people and businesses to safeguard their online privacy, indicating that online privacy protection should be a top concern for all parties engaged in the use and management of online data.

Gender health gaps in guideline-based inpatient cardiovascular medical and nursing care and implementation strategies to reduce the gap (HeartGap): A mixed methods study protocol.

A growing body of evidence has demonstrated that a gender-sensitive approach to healthcare is needed in all areas of medicine. Although medical and nursing guidelines include gender-sensitive care (GSC+) recommendations, the level of implementation in health care practice is unknown. This study aims to examine the current level of implementation and acceptance of GSC+ among physicians and nurses and to identify potential gaps between guidelines and practice and barriers and facilitators of GSC+ implementation, taking the perceptions of all relevant stakeholders into account. The overarching aim is to develop holistic recommended actions to strengthen GSC+. This study has a mixed methods triangulation design. The preparation phase consisting of a literature review and a two-part (qualitative and quantitative) data analysis will be conducted in the cardiology department of 9 pilot hospitals in Berlin, North Rhine-Westphalia, Lower Saxony, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. 18 focus groups with clinicians and nurses as well as interviews with experts in other relevant fields will be performed. In the national roll-out phase, a questionnaire survey will be conducted with hospital clinicians (n = 382), nurses (n = 386) and patients (n = 388). This study will provide comprehensive insights into the implementation and acceptance of GSC+ in cardiology from the perspective of doctors, nurses, patients, stakeholders and experts in relevant fields, such as policy and education. A focus will also be on the extent to which age or gender of health professionals, region and hospital type influence the implementation of GSC+. The identification of GSC+ implementation barriers and facilitators should help to improve the standard of care for cardiology patients of all genders. The outcomes from this study can be used to develop measures and recommended actions for the successful and sustainable implementation of gender-sensitive care. The study is registered in the German Register of Clinical Studies (DRKS) under study number DRKS00031317.

Understanding Collaborative Design Practice Through Self-Study

Designing online teacher professional development (oTPD) grounded in participatory practices is complex. An intense interdisciplinary collaboration of teacher educators, online learning experts, and instructional designers is needed. Achieving shared understanding is essential for successful collaboration, yet varied perspectives of interdisciplinary experts can cause tensions. Under the right conditions, conflict can be positive and productive. This study of collaborative design practice examined the process of aligning technology and pedagogy when designing participatory oTPD using the self-study methodology. Data analysis revealed relevant interrelationships and uncovered a consistent pattern related to purposeful use of technology. While self-study was an effective inquiry method and provided valuable insights into our practice, it also fostered an environment of trust and collaborative knowledge exchange necessary for successful joint problem solving, cognitive synchronization, and innovation in interdisciplinary design teams.